CN112477311A - Phase-change enhanced infrared radar stealth structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Phase-change enhanced infrared radar stealth structure and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112477311A
CN112477311A CN202011332845.2A CN202011332845A CN112477311A CN 112477311 A CN112477311 A CN 112477311A CN 202011332845 A CN202011332845 A CN 202011332845A CN 112477311 A CN112477311 A CN 112477311A
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wave
coating
phase
layer
change
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Inventor
王�义
龙昌
李广德
张翱
刘世利
明鹏
陈路
李江陵
尹生
王彦淇
甘沅丰
于帅
何惊华
崔光振
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Aerospace Science And Industry Wuhan Magnetism Electron Co ltd
Unit 25 Unit 96901 Chinese Pla
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Aerospace Science And Industry Wuhan Magnetism Electron Co ltd
Unit 25 Unit 96901 Chinese Pla
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
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    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0068—Polymeric granules, particles or powder, e.g. core-shell particles, microcapsules
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/042—Acrylic polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/128—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with silicon polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
    • F41H3/02—Flexible, e.g. fabric covers, e.g. screens, nets characterised by their material or structure
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of stealth materials, and provides a phase-change enhanced infrared radar stealth structure which comprises an upper skin layer, a first wave-absorbing material layer, a first bonding layer, a second wave-absorbing material layer, a second bonding layer, a third wave-absorbing material layer, a bottom skin layer and a reflecting layer which are sequentially bonded from top to bottom; each layer except the reflecting layer comprises wave-transparent phase-change coating, the wave-transparent phase-change coating comprises phase-change filler and a resin matrix, and the phase-change filler comprises one or more of inorganic phase-change filler, organic phase-change filler and/or phase-change microcapsule formed by the inorganic phase-change filler and a microcapsule shell; the phase-change filler accounts for 30-80% of the phase-change coating by mass. The phase change coating layer provided by the invention can obviously enhance the stealth effect of the infrared radar of the structure.

Description

Phase-change enhanced infrared radar stealth structure and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stealth materials, in particular to a phase-change enhanced infrared radar stealth structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Infrared and radar stealth structural materials are one of important directions of stealth design and are always the key points of stealth material research. On one hand, the infrared radar stealth structure material can reduce reflection and scattering of electromagnetic waves through self absorption and attenuation, realize the loss of the electromagnetic waves, and further greatly reduce the radar scattering cross section of a target; on the other hand, the infrared radar stealth structure material effectively solves the problem of target infrared image segmentation through the infrared stealth material, enhances the fusion degree with the environment, and reduces the probability of target discovery.
However, in the currently adopted infrared radar stealth structural material, the heating rate is higher than that in the natural environment due to sunshine in the working environment, and the cooling rate is lower than that in the natural environment at night, so that the target infrared characteristics are obvious under the condition, and the camouflage stealth requirement of the target is difficult to adapt.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a phase-change-enhanced infrared radar stealth structure, wherein wave-transparent phase-change coatings are added in all functional layers, on one hand, a wave-transparent phase-change layer formed by the wave-transparent phase-change coatings improves the impedance matching performance of a stealth structure plate and enhances the radar stealth performance, and on the other hand, the wave-transparent phase-change layer can store heat in a high-temperature environment, reduce the temperature rise rate of a material, release heat at a low temperature and reduce the temperature reduction rate of the material, so that the temperature change rate of the surface of a target is adapted to the change of the environmental temperature, and the infrared stealth performance is enhanced.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the phase-change enhanced infrared radar stealth structure is characterized by comprising an upper skin layer, a first wave-absorbing material layer, a first bonding layer, a second wave-absorbing material layer, a second bonding layer, a third wave-absorbing material layer, a bottom skin layer and a reflecting layer which are sequentially bonded from top to bottom; and all the layers except the reflecting layer comprise wave-transparent phase-change coating.
Further, the wave-transparent phase-change coating is formed by uniformly dispersing phase-change fillers in a resin matrix; the phase-change filler accounts for 30-80% of the mass of the phase-change coating; the phase change filler comprises one or more of inorganic phase change filler, organic phase change filler and/or phase change microcapsule formed by the inorganic phase change filler and a microcapsule shell; the inorganic phase change filler is V2O5Particles and/or semimetal phase-change ions; the semimetal phase change ions are composite particles of Ge, Sb and Te; the organic phase change filler is one or more of tridecane, octadecane, eicosane, hexacosane, octacosane and slice paraffin; the shell material of the microcapsule is SiO2Ethylene propylene diene monomer, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, CaCO3One or more of (a).
Furthermore, the wave-transparent phase-change coating also comprises a resin matrix, wherein the resin matrix is composed of one or more of epoxy modified resin, polyurethane resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin and organic silicon resin.
Further, the upper skin layer also comprises wave-transmitting fiber cloth and infrared stealth paint, and the upper skin layer is obtained by coating the wave-transmitting phase-change paint with the thickness of 0.05 mm-1 mm on the surface of the wave-transmitting fiber cloth and then coating the infrared stealth paint with the thickness of 0.02 mm-0.1 mm; the bottom skin layer also comprises wave-transparent fiber cloth, and the bottom skin layer is obtained by coating a wave-transparent phase change coating with the thickness of 0.05 mm-1 mm on the surface of the wave-transparent fiber cloth; the wave-transmitting fiber cloth is one or a combination of a plurality of glass fiber cloth, quartz fiber cloth and polyethylene fiber cloth.
The upper skin layer reduces the radar wave reflection of the surface layer through the wave-transmitting fiber cloth, realizes the infrared stealth function through the infrared stealth coating, and endows the upper skin with the heat storage function and the infrared stealth enhancement function through the wave-transmitting phase change coating.
Furthermore, the first wave absorbing material layer, the second wave absorbing material layer and the third wave absorbing material layer also comprise wave absorbing honeycomb cores and/or wave absorbing foams; wherein the mass percent of the absorbent in the wave-absorbing coating used in the first wave-absorbing material layer is between 1% and 15%, the mass percent of the absorbent in the wave-absorbing coating used in the second wave-absorbing material layer is between 1% and 40%, and the mass percent of the absorbent in the wave-absorbing coating used in the third wave-absorbing material layer is between 1% and 90%; the wave-transparent phase-change coating is coated on the surface of the wave-absorbing honeycomb core and/or the wave-absorbing foam, and the coating thickness of the wave-transparent phase-change coating is 0.05 mm-0.5 mm.
Each wave absorbing material layer consists of wave-transparent phase-change coating and wave absorbing honeycomb cores and/or wave absorbing foams, the wave absorbing honeycomb cores and/or the wave absorbing foams are formed by spraying, dipping or blade coating wave absorbing coatings (including dielectric loss type wave absorbing coatings, magnetic wave absorbing coatings and the like) on base materials such as honeycomb cores and/or foams and the like, and the coating thickness of the wave-transparent phase-change coating is 0.05 mm-0.5 mm; in the wave-absorbing material, the concentration of the absorbent in the wave-absorbing coating used in the first wave-absorbing material layer is 1-15% (mass percent), the concentration of the absorbent in the wave-absorbing coating used in the second wave-absorbing material layer is 1-40% (mass percent), and the concentration of the absorbent in the wave-absorbing coating used in the third wave-absorbing material layer is 1-90%.
Further, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer each further include a resistive film, and the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer each further include a resistive film; the resistance value of the resistance film is
Figure BDA0002796308190000021
In which the resistive film has a periodA resistive film with a sexual pattern and/or a resistive film with a non-periodic pattern; the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer are formed by coating wave-transparent phase-change coating on the upper surface and the lower surface of the resistive film, and the thicknesses of the wave-transparent phase-change coating on the upper surface and the lower surface of the resistive film are respectively 0.05 mm-0.3 mm.
Each layer of bonding layer consists of a resistive film and a wave-transparent phase-change coating, and the resistance of the resistive film is
Figure BDA0002796308190000031
And a periodic pattern resistive film and a non-periodic pattern resistive film. The absorption peak frequency range of the wave-absorbing structure material can be regulated and controlled through the resistance film pattern and the resistance value. The wave-transparent phase-change coating is coated on two sides of the resistive film, and the thickness of the wave-transparent phase-change coating is 0.05 mm-0.3 mm.
According to the invention, the wave-transmitting phase-change coating is used for coating or impregnating wave-absorbing and wave-transmitting materials (honeycombs, foams and skins), and the impedance matching design is carried out on the skins, the wave-absorbing materials of all layers, the bonding layer and the reflecting layer, so that the radar wave-absorbing performance is further improved under the condition of meeting the environmental use requirement, the frequency band of the wave-absorbing plate can be widened, the absorption peak strength is improved, the problem of infrared characteristic mismatching caused by the fact that the wave-absorbing plate is heated and cooled too fast in the use environment can be effectively solved, and the infrared stealth performance of the wave-absorbing plate is enhanced.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the phase-change enhanced infrared radar stealth structure, which comprises the following steps:
s1, designing the thickness of each layer;
s2, preparing an upper skin layer, a first wave-absorbing material layer, a first adhesive layer, a second wave-absorbing material layer, a second adhesive layer, a third wave-absorbing material layer, a bottom skin layer, a reflecting layer, a second adhesive layer,
And S3, sequentially stacking the layers prepared in the step S2 from bottom to top according to the sequence of the reflecting layer, the bottom skin layer, the third wave absorbing material layer, the second adhesive layer, the second wave absorbing material layer, the first adhesive layer, the first wave absorbing material layer and the upper skin layer, and then putting the layers into a flat plate mold for mold pressing or bag press molding to obtain the infrared radar stealth structure.
Further, the molding or bag-pressing process parameters in the step S3 are as follows: the mould pressing pressure is controlled to be 1 MPa-3 MPa, the vacuum degree is controlled to be-0.07 MPa-0.1 MPa, the curing temperature procedure is that the temperature is raised to 40 ℃ to 60 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 2 ℃/min, the temperature is preserved for 1h, then the temperature is raised to 80 ℃ to 140 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 2 ℃/min, the duration is 2h, finally, the heating is stopped, and the product is naturally cooled to the normal temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. after the infrared stealth coating is coated on the traditional stealth structural material at present, the heating rate and the cooling rate of the traditional stealth structural material are not matched with the environment, and the infrared stealth efficiency is poor. In comparison, the phase-change enhanced infrared radar stealth structure has the advantages of strong infrared radar stealth performance, simple forming process and the like.
2. The wave-transmitting phase-change coating is combined with the wave-absorbing structure plate, so that the infrared stealth performance of the structure plate is enhanced by the phase-change coating on one hand, and the impedance matching of the wave-absorbing structure plate is improved, the radar stealth function is enhanced and the multi-spectrum stealth function of a product is enhanced by the wave-transmitting function of the wave-transmitting phase-change coating on the other hand.
3. The performance indexes of the stealth structure plate can meet different camouflage stealth requirements according to the composite design of the upper skin, the wave absorbing materials and the bonding layers, for example, the content and the position of the phase change coating used are changed, the heat storage and heat release functions of different areas can be regulated and controlled, and the infrared camouflage enhancement in different environments such as forest lands, snow lands, deserts and the like is realized; through the design of changing absorbing material layer and adhesive linkage, can realize the absorbing function to different frequency channel radar detection, have the characteristics such as wave-absorbing frequency bandwidth is wide, structural strength is big, convenient to use and environmental performance excellence on the whole.
Drawings
These and/or other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated from the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a stealth structure of a phase-change enhanced infrared radar according to an embodiment of the present invention,
wherein, the composite material comprises 1-an upper mask layer, 2-a first wave-absorbing material layer, 3-a first adhesive layer, 4-a second wave-absorbing material layer, 5-a second adhesive layer, 6-a third wave-absorbing material layer, 7-a bottom mask layer and 8-a reflecting layer.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, the following detailed description of the invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description of the invention.
Example 1
A phase-change enhanced infrared radar stealth structure is shown in figure 1 and comprises an upper skin layer 1, a first wave-absorbing material layer 2, a first bonding layer 3, a second wave-absorbing material layer 4, a second bonding layer 5, a third wave-absorbing material layer 6, a bottom skin layer 7 and a reflecting layer 8 which are sequentially bonded from top to bottom; all the layers except the reflecting layer 8 comprise wave-transparent phase-change coating, wherein the wave-transparent phase-change coating is formed by uniformly dispersing phase-change fillers in a resin matrix; the phase-change filler accounts for 30-80% of the mass of the phase-change coating; the phase change filler comprises one or more of inorganic phase change filler, organic phase change filler and/or phase change microcapsule formed by the inorganic phase change filler and a microcapsule shell; the inorganic phase change filler is V2O5Particles and/or semimetal phase-change ions; the semimetal phase change ions are composite particles of Ge, Sb and Te; the organic phase change filler is one or more of tridecane, octadecane, eicosane, hexacosane, octacosane and slice paraffin; the shell material of the microcapsule is SiO2Ethylene propylene diene monomer, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, CaCO3One or more of (a); the resin matrix is composed of one or more of epoxy modified resin, polyurethane resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin and organic silicon resin. The preferred and detailed design of the specific layers is as follows:
the upper skin layer 1 also comprises wave-transmitting fiber cloth and infrared stealth paint, and the upper skin layer 1 is obtained by coating wave-transmitting phase-change paint with the thickness of 0.05 mm-1 mm on the surface of the wave-transmitting fiber cloth and then coating infrared stealth paint with the thickness of 0.02 mm-0.1 mm; the bottom skin layer 7 also comprises wave-transparent fiber cloth, and the bottom skin layer 7 is obtained by coating wave-transparent phase-change coating with the thickness of 0.05 mm-1 mm on the surface of the wave-transparent fiber cloth; the wave-transmitting fiber cloth is one or a combination of a plurality of glass fiber cloth, quartz fiber cloth and polyethylene fiber cloth.
The first wave-absorbing material layer 2, the second wave-absorbing material layer 4 and the third wave-absorbing material layer 6 also comprise wave-absorbing honeycomb cores and/or wave-absorbing foams; the wave-absorbing honeycomb core is formed by coating wave-absorbing coating on the surface of a honeycomb core substrate in a spraying, dipping or blade coating mode; the wave-absorbing foam is formed by coating wave-absorbing coating on the surface of a foam substrate in a spraying, dipping or blade coating mode; the wave-absorbing coating comprises dielectric loss type wave-absorbing coating and/or magnetic wave-absorbing coating; wherein the mass percent of the absorbent in the wave-absorbing coating used by the first wave-absorbing material layer 2 is between 0% and 15%, the mass percent of the absorbent in the wave-absorbing coating used by the second wave-absorbing material layer 4 is between 0% and 40%, and the mass percent of the absorbent in the wave-absorbing coating used by the third wave-absorbing material layer 6 is between 0% and 90%; the wave-transparent phase-change coating is coated on the surface of the wave-absorbing honeycomb core and/or the wave-absorbing foam, and the coating thickness of the wave-transparent phase-change coating is 0.05 mm-0.5 mm.
The first adhesive layer 3 and the second adhesive layer 5 each further include a resistive film; the resistance value of the resistance film is
Figure BDA0002796308190000051
The resistive film is a periodic pattern resistive film and/or a non-periodic pattern resistive film; the first bonding layer 3 and the second bonding layer 5 are formed by coating wave-transparent phase-change coatings on the upper surface and the lower surface of the resistive film, and the thicknesses of the wave-transparent phase-change coatings on the upper surface and the lower surface of the resistive film are respectively 0.05 mm-0.3 mm.
Example 2
Preparation of a phase-change enhanced infrared radar stealth structure:
step 1: preparing a wave-transparent phase-change coating: epoxy-modified resin, V2O5Particles, according to a mass ratio of 40: 60, and mixing uniformly.
Step 2: preparing wave-absorbing materials for each layer: the wave-absorbing coating used in the first layer is formed by uniformly dispersing carbon black in epoxy resin, wherein the mass ratio of the carbon black to the epoxy resin is 13:87, the wave-absorbing coating is sprayed on a honeycomb core with the thickness of 7mm, and the thickness of the coating is 0.1mm, so that a wave-absorbing layer of the first layer is obtained; the wave-absorbing coating used in the second layer is formed by uniformly dispersing carbon black in epoxy resin, wherein the mass ratio of the carbon black to the epoxy resin is 24:76, the wave-absorbing coating is sprayed on a honeycomb core with the thickness of 5mm, and the thickness of the coating is 0.1mm, so that the wave-absorbing layer of the second layer is obtained; the wave-absorbing coating used in the third layer is formed by uniformly dispersing carbon black and carbonyl iron powder in epoxy resin, wherein the mass ratio of the carbon black to the carbonyl iron powder to the epoxy resin is 3:57:40, the wave-absorbing coating is sprayed on a honeycomb core with the thickness of 8mm, and the thickness of the coating is 0.3mm, so that the wave-absorbing layer in the third layer is obtained.
And step 3: preparation of top skin layer 1: and coating a wave-transmitting phase change coating with the thickness of 0.4mm on the surface of the hollow quartz fiber cloth, and then coating an infrared stealth coating with the thickness of 0.1mm to obtain an upper skin layer 1.
And 4, step 4: preparation of bottom skin layer 7: and coating a wave-transparent phase change coating with the thickness of 0.2mm on the surface of the quartz fiber cloth to obtain a bottom skin layer 7.
And 5: preparing a first wave-absorbing layer 2, a second wave-absorbing layer 4 and a third wave-absorbing layer 6: and coating the wave-transparent phase-change coating on the surface layer or the inner layer of the wave-absorbing material in a spraying, dipping or blade coating mode and the like, wherein the thickness is 0.05 mm-0.3 mm, and respectively preparing a first wave-absorbing layer 2, a second wave-absorbing layer 4 and a third wave-absorbing layer 6.
Step 6: preparing the first adhesive layer 3 and the second adhesive layer 5: the wave-transparent phase-change coating is coated on the surface of the coating with the resistance value of
Figure BDA0002796308190000061
The thickness of both sides of the resistive film is 0.1mm, and the first adhesive layer 3 and the second adhesive layer 5 are respectively prepared.
And 7: and (3) pressing and forming: and (3) sequentially laminating the materials prepared in the steps (4), (5), (6) and (7) according to the structure shown in the figure 1, and putting the materials into a mould for mould pressing or bag pressing forming to obtain the infrared radar stealth structure.
The radar performance test result and the infrared performance test result of the obtained infrared radar stealth structure are shown in the following table 1:
table 1 stealth performance of infrared radar stealth structure obtained in the embodiment of the present invention
Figure BDA0002796308190000071
It can be seen that the infrared radar stealth structure obtained by the embodiment of the invention has improved overall performance in radar wave bands, and can obviously reduce the average radiation temperature difference value with a typical background in infrared wave bands.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. The phase-change enhanced infrared radar stealth structure is characterized by comprising an upper mask layer (1), a first wave-absorbing material layer (2), a first bonding layer (3), a second wave-absorbing material layer (4), a second bonding layer (5), a third wave-absorbing material layer (6), a bottom mask layer (7) and a reflecting layer (8) which are sequentially bonded from top to bottom; and all the layers except the reflecting layer (8) comprise wave-transparent phase-change coating.
2. The phase change enhanced infrared radar cloaking structure as recited in claim 1,
the wave-transparent phase-change coating is formed by uniformly dispersing phase-change fillers in a resin matrix; the phase-change filler accounts for 30-80% of the phase-change coating by mass;
the phase change filler comprises one or more of inorganic phase change filler, organic phase change filler and/or phase change microcapsule formed by the inorganic phase change filler and a microcapsule shell;
the inorganic phase change filler is V2O5Particles and/or semimetal phase-change ions; the semimetal phase change ions are composite particles of Ge, Sb and Te;
the organic phase change filler is one or more of tridecane, octadecane, eicosane, hexacosane, octacosane and slice paraffin;
the shell material of the microcapsule is SiO2Ethylene propylene diene monomer, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, CaCO3One or more of (a).
3. The phase change enhanced infrared radar stealth structure of claim 2, wherein the resin matrix of the wave-transparent phase change coating is comprised of one or more of an epoxy modified resin, a polyurethane resin, a phenolic resin, an acrylic resin, a silicone resin.
4. The phase change enhanced infrared radar cloaking structure as recited in claim 2,
the upper skin layer (1) also comprises wave-transmitting fiber cloth and infrared stealth paint, and the upper skin layer (1) is obtained by coating the wave-transmitting phase-change paint with the thickness of 0.05 mm-1 mm on the surface of the wave-transmitting fiber cloth and then coating the infrared stealth paint with the thickness of 0.02 mm-0.1 mm;
the bottom skin layer (7) also comprises wave-transparent fiber cloth, and the bottom skin layer (7) is obtained by coating wave-transparent phase-change coating with the thickness of 0.05 mm-1 mm on the surface of the wave-transparent fiber cloth;
the wave-transmitting fiber cloth in the upper skin layer (1) and the bottom skin layer (7) is one or a combination of a plurality of glass fiber cloth, quartz fiber cloth, hollow quartz fiber cloth and polyethylene fiber cloth.
5. The phase change enhanced infrared radar stealth structure according to claim 2, characterized in that said first (2), second (4) and third (6) wave absorbing material layers each comprise a wave absorbing honeycomb core and/or a wave absorbing foam;
the wave-absorbing honeycomb core is formed by coating wave-absorbing coating on the surface of a honeycomb core substrate in a spraying, dipping or blade coating mode; the wave-absorbing foam is formed by coating wave-absorbing coating on the surface of a foam substrate in a spraying, dipping or blade coating mode; the wave-absorbing coating comprises dielectric loss type wave-absorbing coating and/or magnetic wave-absorbing coating;
wherein the mass percent of the absorbent in the wave-absorbing coating used by the first wave-absorbing material layer (2) is between 1 and 15 percent, the mass percent of the absorbent in the wave-absorbing coating used by the second wave-absorbing material layer (4) is between 1 and 40 percent, and the mass percent of the absorbent in the wave-absorbing coating used by the third wave-absorbing material layer (6) is between 1 and 90 percent;
the wave-transparent phase-change coating is coated on the surface of the wave-absorbing honeycomb core and/or the wave-absorbing foam, and the coating thickness of the wave-transparent phase-change coating is 0.05 mm-0.5 mm.
6. The phase change enhanced infrared radar cloaking structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first adhesive layer (3) and the second adhesive layer (5) each further comprise a resistive film; the resistance value of the resistance film is
Figure FDA0002796308180000021
The resistive film is a periodic pattern resistive film and/or a non-periodic pattern resistive film;
the first bonding layer (3) and the second bonding layer (5) are formed by coating wave-transparent phase-change coating on the upper surface and the lower surface of the resistive film, and the thicknesses of the wave-transparent phase-change coating on the upper surface and the lower surface of the resistive film are respectively 0.05-0.3 mm.
7. The method of making a phase change enhanced infrared radar cloaking structure as recited in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s1, designing the thickness of each layer;
s2, preparing an upper skin layer (1), a first wave-absorbing material layer (2), a first adhesive layer (3), a second wave-absorbing material layer (4), a second adhesive layer (5), a third wave-absorbing material layer (6), a bottom skin layer (7), a reflecting layer (8), a second adhesive layer (5),
S3, stacking the layers prepared in the step S2 in sequence from bottom to top according to the sequence of a reflecting layer (8), a bottom skin layer (7), a third wave-absorbing material layer (6), a second bonding layer (5), a second wave-absorbing material layer (4), a first bonding layer (3), a first wave-absorbing material layer (2) and an upper skin layer (1), and then putting the layers into a flat plate mold for mold pressing or bag press molding to obtain the infrared radar stealth structure.
8. The method for preparing the phase-change enhanced infrared radar stealth structure of claim 7, wherein the die pressing or bag pressing process parameters in the step S3 are as follows: the mould pressing pressure is controlled to be 1 MPa-3 MPa, the vacuum degree is controlled to be-0.07 MPa-0.1 MPa, the curing temperature procedure is that the temperature is raised to 40 ℃ to 60 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 2 ℃/min, the temperature is preserved for 1h, then the temperature is raised to 80 ℃ to 140 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 2 ℃/min, the duration is 2h, finally, the heating is stopped, and the product is naturally cooled to the normal temperature.
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