CN112475590A - Copper-coated steel heat release welding flux and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Copper-coated steel heat release welding flux and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112475590A CN112475590A CN202011155850.0A CN202011155850A CN112475590A CN 112475590 A CN112475590 A CN 112475590A CN 202011155850 A CN202011155850 A CN 202011155850A CN 112475590 A CN112475590 A CN 112475590A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K23/00—Alumino-thermic welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/302—Cu as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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Abstract
The invention discloses a copper-coated steel heat-release welding flux and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of heat-release welding. The copper-coated steel heat-release welding flux comprises, by mass, 25-35% of copper powder, 25-35% of copper oxide powder, 20-30% of aluminum powder, 1-3% of tin powder, 1-3% of iron powder, 5-10% of molybdenum powder, 0.5-1.5% of yttrium powder, 2-3% of fluorite powder and 1-2% of marble powder. The heat-release welding flux is suitable for thick copper layer copper-clad steel for electric power grounding engineering, the heat-release welding reaction is fast, the melting degree is high, the melting point of the prepared welding joint is high, the porosity is low, the surface quality is good, and the corrosion resistance and the thermal stability are high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of exothermic welding, in particular to a copper-coated steel exothermic welding flux and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of power grid construction, the requirements of power engineering on the safety and reliability of power equipment are higher and higher. The grounding engineering is an important facility for ensuring the safe and stable operation of electrical equipment and the safety of personnel. The grounding engineering in China mostly adopts copper and copper-coated steel grounding materials, wherein the copper-coated steel is a novel composite material developed and used for relieving the shortage of copper resources, integrates the advantages of high strength, low cost, copper conductivity and corrosion resistance of steel, and is widely applied in the last decade. However, since most of copper-clad steels with a copper layer thickness of 0.25mm are available in the market, the design life requirement cannot be met in a heavy corrosion area, and copper-clad steels with a copper layer thickness of 0.5-1.0mm gradually get market application and wide acceptance due to excellent corrosion resistance, and are widely applied.
The existing heat-release flux is mostly designed for a thin copper layer copper covering material with the thickness of 0.25mm, and is applied to the welding of a thick copper layer copper covering steel material with the thickness of more than 0.5mm, so that the defects of low copper content, low purity, high defect and the like of a heat-release welding head can be caused, and the overall engineering quality and safety of a thick copper layer copper covering steel grounding grid are seriously influenced. And aiming at the welding of copper-clad steel materials with thick copper layers of more than 0.5mm, most of welding flux adopted at the present stage is copper oxide and aluminum powder, and a small amount of elements are added to improve the performance of the joint. In order to improve the thermal stability of the heat-generating welding joint, a technical means is generally adopted to increase the resistivity and the melting point of the heat-generating welding joint, and the higher the purity and the better the compactness of the joint, the better the corrosion resistance of the joint. Some patents adopt a mode of adding iron oxide in order to improve the melting point of the joint, but the conductivity of the joint is greatly reduced while the melting point is improved to a certain extent, and in addition, the corrosion resistance of the joint is greatly reduced due to the addition of iron, so that the method is not a reasonable method for improving the overall quality of the joint; some patents use lanthanum cerium rare earth alloys, lanthanum cerium rare earth alloys and other additives that improve joint structural integrity but adversely affect electrical conductivity and reduce joint thermal stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the exothermic welding flux and the preparation method and application thereof, and the exothermic welding flux is used for welding copper-clad steel with a thick copper layer of more than 0.5mm so as to improve the quality, the thermal stability and the corrosion resistance of an exothermic welding head.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the copper-coated steel heat-release welding flux comprises, by mass, 25-35% of copper powder, 25-35% of copper oxide powder, 20-30% of aluminum powder, 1-3% of tin powder, 1-3% of iron powder, 5-10% of molybdenum powder, 0.5-1.5% of yttrium powder, 2-3% of fluorite powder and 1-2% of marble powder.
Preferably, the purities of the copper powder, the aluminum powder and the iron powder are 99-99.5% independently, and the particle sizes of the copper powder, the aluminum powder and the iron powder are 80-120 meshes independently.
Preferably, the oxidation degree of the copper oxide powder is 80-85%, and the particle size of the copper oxide powder is 80-120 meshes.
Preferably, the purity of the tin powder is 99.9%, and the particle size of the tin powder is 100-200 meshes.
Preferably, the purity of the molybdenum powder is 99.9%, and the particle size is 100-200 meshes.
Preferably, the yttrium powder has the purity of 99.9 percent and the particle size of 200-300 meshes.
Preferably, the fluorite powder and the marble powder have the particle size of 100-200 meshes independently.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the copper-coated steel exothermic welding flux, which comprises the following steps: and mixing the raw materials corresponding to the copper-clad steel exothermic welding composition to obtain the copper-clad steel exothermic welding flux.
The invention also provides application of the copper-coated steel heat-release welding flux prepared by the copper-coated steel heat-release welding flux or the preparation method in the scheme in copper-coated steel welding for electric power grounding engineering.
Preferably, the copper layer of the copper-clad steel has a thickness of 0.5mm or more.
According to the invention, molybdenum powder is added to replace the existing method for improving the melting point of the joint by adopting iron oxide, molybdenum has a melting point higher than that of iron, which is as high as 2610 ℃ and is far higher than that of iron by 1535 ℃, and meanwhile, molybdenum has higher conductivity which is 2 times that of iron, so that molybdenum element is added, the melting point of the joint is greatly improved, and the conductivity of the joint can be improved, so that the joint has a higher thermal stability coefficient. According to the invention, a proper amount of rare earth yttrium powder is added, so that on one hand, the effects of purifying impurity elements and improving tissue compactness can be achieved, and the corrosion resistance of the material is improved; on the other hand, the proper amount of the rare earth element yttrium can improve the conductivity of the joint and further improve the thermal stability of the joint; the joint obtained by adopting the rare earth yttrium powder has more excellent performance than the joint obtained by adopting the lanthanum cerium rare earth alloy.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a copper-coated steel heat-release welding flux which comprises, by mass, 25-35% of copper powder, 25-35% of copper oxide powder, 20-30% of aluminum powder, 1-3% of tin powder, 1-3% of iron powder, 5-10% of molybdenum powder, 0.5-1.5% of yttrium powder, 2-3% of fluorite powder and 1-2% of marble powder.
The copper-coated steel heat-release welding flux provided by the invention comprises 25-35% of copper powder, preferably 28-32% of copper powder, and more preferably 29-31% of copper powder. In the present invention, the purity of the copper powder is preferably 99 to 99.5%, and the particle size of the copper powder is preferably 80 to 120 mesh, more preferably 90 to 110 mesh, and most preferably 100 mesh. Compared with the existing exothermic welding agent, the copper powder content is increased, the purity of pure copper of a welding joint is improved, and the corrosion resistance of the joint is further improved.
The copper-coated steel exothermic welding flux provided by the invention comprises 25-35%, preferably 28-32%, and more preferably 29-31% of copper oxide powder. In the present invention, the degree of oxidation of the copper oxide powder is preferably 80 to 85%, more preferably 81 to 84%, and still more preferably 82 to 83%; the particle size of the copper oxide powder is preferably 80 to 120 meshes, more preferably 90 to 110 meshes, and most preferably 100 meshes.
The copper-coated steel exothermic welding flux provided by the invention comprises 20-30% of aluminum powder, preferably 22-28% of aluminum powder, and more preferably 24-26% of aluminum powder. In the present invention, the purity of the aluminum powder is preferably 99 to 99.5%, and the particle size of the aluminum powder is preferably 80 to 120 mesh, more preferably 90 to 110 mesh, and most preferably 100 mesh.
The copper-coated steel exothermic welding flux provided by the invention comprises 1-3% of tin powder, preferably 1.5-2.5%, and more preferably 2.0%. In the present invention, the purity of the tin powder is preferably 99.9%, and the particle size of the tin powder is preferably 100-200 mesh, and more preferably 120-160 mesh.
The copper-coated steel exothermic welding flux provided by the invention comprises 1-3% of iron powder, preferably 1.5-2.5%, and more preferably 2.0%. In the present invention, the purity of the iron powder is preferably 99 to 99.5%; the particle size of the iron powder is preferably 80-120 mesh, more preferably 90-110 mesh, and most preferably 100 mesh.
The copper-coated steel exothermic welding flux provided by the invention comprises 5-10%, preferably 6-9%, and more preferably 7-8% of molybdenum powder. In the present invention, the purity of the molybdenum powder is preferably 99.9%, and the particle size is preferably 100-200 mesh, more preferably 120-180 mesh. According to the invention, molybdenum powder is added to replace the existing method for improving the melting point of the joint by adopting iron oxide, molybdenum has a melting point higher than that of iron, which is as high as 2610 ℃ and is far higher than that of iron by 1535 ℃, and meanwhile, molybdenum has higher conductivity which is 2 times that of iron, so that molybdenum element is added, the melting point of the joint is greatly improved, and the conductivity of the joint can be improved, so that the joint has a higher thermal stability coefficient.
The copper-coated steel exothermic welding flux provided by the invention comprises 0.5-1.5% of yttrium powder, preferably 0.7-1.3%, and more preferably 0.9-1.1%. In the present invention, the yttrium powder preferably has a purity of 99.9% and a particle size of 200-300 mesh, more preferably 300 mesh. According to the invention, a proper amount of rare earth yttrium powder is added, so that on one hand, the effects of purifying impurity elements and improving tissue compactness can be achieved, and the corrosion resistance of the material is improved; on the other hand, the proper amount of the rare earth element yttrium can improve the conductivity of the joint and further improve the thermal stability of the joint; the joint obtained by adopting the rare earth yttrium powder has more excellent performance than the joint obtained by adopting the lanthanum cerium rare earth alloy.
The copper-coated steel exothermic welding flux provided by the invention comprises 2-3% of fluorite powder, preferably 2.2-2.8%, and more preferably 2.4-2.6%. In the present invention, the fluorite powder preferably has a particle size of 100-200 mesh, more preferably 200 mesh.
The copper-coated steel exothermic welding flux provided by the invention comprises 1-2% of marble powder, preferably 1.2-1.8%, and more preferably 1.4-1.6%. In the present invention, the particle size of the marble powder is preferably 100-200 mesh, more preferably 200 mesh. In the present invention, the fluorite powder and the marble powder are used as slag formers.
The invention provides a preparation method of the copper-coated steel exothermic welding flux, which comprises the following steps: and mixing the raw materials corresponding to the copper-clad steel exothermic welding composition to obtain the copper-clad steel exothermic welding flux. The invention has no special requirements on the mixing process and can ensure that all the raw materials are uniformly mixed.
The invention provides an application of the copper-clad steel heat-release welding flux prepared by the copper-clad steel heat-release welding flux or the preparation method in the scheme in copper-clad steel welding for electric power grounding engineering. In the present invention, the copper layer thickness of the copper-clad steel is preferably 0.5mm or more, and more preferably 0.5 to 1.0 mm. The method for applying the invention has no special requirements, and the application method well known in the field can be adopted.
The exothermic brazing flux for copper-clad steel according to the present invention, the preparation method and the application thereof will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The copper-coated steel heat release welding flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35% of copper powder, 25% of copper oxide powder, 20% of aluminum powder, 2.5% of tin powder, 1.5% of iron powder, 10% of Mo powder and 1% of yttrium powder, and 3% of fluorite powder and 2% of marble powder are added as slagging agents.
Wherein, the oxidation rate of the copper oxide is 85 percent, the purity of the copper powder is 99.5 percent, the purity of the aluminum powder is 99.5 percent, the purity of the iron powder is 99.5 percent, and the particle sizes of the copper powder, the copper oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the iron powder are 100 meshes; the purity of the molybdenum powder is 99.9 percent, and the granularity of the powder is 200 meshes; the purity of the tin powder is 99.9 percent, and the granularity of the tin powder is 200 meshes; the purity of yttrium powder is 99.9 percent, and the particle size of the powder is 300 meshes; the particle size of fluorite and marble was 200 mesh.
The solder is adopted to carry out heat release welding on copper-clad steel with the thickness of 0.8mm, and the performance test method of the obtained heat release welding joint is as follows:
1. melting Point
Testing the melting point of the joint by adopting a Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) method, and taking the temperature for starting melting as the melting point;
2. porosity of the material
Analyzing the microstructure of the joint by using a scanning electron microscope, and counting the proportion of the porosity;
3. resistance value
Testing the resistance of the obtained heat-release welding joint according to the standards of the materials and the connecting pieces for the electrical grounding engineering of DL/T1342-2014;
4. corrosion resistance
And performing an electrochemical corrosion test on the obtained heat release welding joint in a Beijing soil environment by using an electrochemical workstation, analyzing a polarization curve to obtain a corrosion current, and calculating according to the corrosion current to obtain an average soil corrosion rate.
The specific test results are shown in table 1.
Example 2
The copper-coated steel heat release welding flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25% of copper powder, 30% of copper oxide powder, 25% of aluminum powder, 2% of tin powder, 2.5% of iron powder, 10% of Mo powder and 1.5% of yttrium powder, and 3% of fluorite powder and 1% of marble powder are added as slagging agents.
Wherein, the oxidation rate of the copper oxide is 85 percent, the purity of the copper powder is 99.5 percent, the purity of the aluminum powder is 99.5 percent, the purity of the iron powder is 99.5 percent, and the particle sizes of the copper powder, the copper oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the iron powder are 100 meshes; the purity of the molybdenum powder is 99.9 percent, and the granularity of the powder is 200 meshes; the purity of the tin powder is 99.9 percent, and the granularity of the tin powder is 200 meshes; the purity of yttrium powder is 99.9 percent, and the particle size of the powder is 300 meshes; the particle size of fluorite and marble was 200 mesh.
A1.0 mm thick copper clad steel was exothermically welded using the flux prepared in this example, and the resulting exothermically welded joint was tested for its performance by the test method referred to in example 1, with the test results shown in Table 1.
Example 3
The copper-coated steel heat release welding flux comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35% of copper powder, 35% of copper oxide powder, 20% of aluminum powder, 1% of tin powder, 1.5% of iron powder, 5% of Mo powder and 0.5% of yttrium powder, and simultaneously 2% of fluorite powder and 1% of marble powder are added to be used as slagging agents.
Wherein, the oxidation rate of the copper oxide is 85 percent, the purity of the copper powder is 99.5 percent, the purity of the aluminum powder is 99.5 percent, the purity of the iron powder is 99.5 percent, and the particle sizes of the copper powder, the copper oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the iron powder are 100 meshes; the purity of the molybdenum powder is 99.9 percent, and the granularity of the powder is 200 meshes; the purity of the tin powder is 99.9 percent, and the granularity of the tin powder is 200 meshes; the purity of yttrium powder is 99.9 percent, and the particle size of the powder is 300 meshes; the particle size of fluorite and marble was 200 mesh.
A0.5 mm thick copper clad steel was exothermically welded using the flux prepared in this example, and the resulting exothermically welded joint was tested for its performance by the test method referred to in example 1, with the test results shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the example 3 is that the composition of the copper-coated steel exothermic welding flux is as follows by mass percentage: 35% of copper powder, 35% of copper oxide powder, 25% of aluminum powder, 1% of tin powder and 1.5% of iron powder, and simultaneously 2% of fluorite powder and 1% of marble powder are added to be used as slagging agents.
A0.5 mm thick copper-clad steel was subjected to exothermic welding using the flux of this comparative example, and the properties of the resulting exothermic welded joint were tested, the test method being as described in example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
The difference from the example 3 is that the composition of the copper-coated steel exothermic welding flux is as follows by mass percentage: 35% of copper powder, 35% of copper oxide powder, 20% of aluminum powder, 2% of tin powder, 3% of iron powder and 1% of yttrium powder, and simultaneously adding 2% of fluorite powder and 1% of marble powder as a slagging agent.
A0.5 mm thick copper-clad steel was subjected to exothermic welding using the flux of this comparative example, and the properties of the resulting exothermic welded joint were tested, the test method being as described in example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of comparative and example Properties
From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the melting point of the heat-releasing welding joint obtained in examples 1-3 is 1220-1280 ℃ which is much higher than 1083 ℃ which is the melting point of the copper layer of the copper-clad steel, and the high melting point can ensure the high thermal stability of the heat-releasing welding joint; the obtained heat-release welding joint has no crack, the porosity is 3-5 percent and is far lower than the porosity of a market heat-release welding joint by 10-15 percent, and the high tissue compactness is favorable for improving the corrosion resistance and the electrical performance of the joint; the resistance value ratio of the copper-clad steel with the joint to the copper-clad steel without the joint in the same length is 1.01-1.04 and less than 1.05, the copper-clad steel belongs to a high-quality heat-release welding joint, and the high conductivity is favorable for ensuring the electrical performance of the joint; the average soil corrosion rate is 0.002-0.003mm/a, which is far lower than the average corrosion rate of 0.008mm/a of the market welding joint, and the high corrosion resistance is helpful for prolonging the service life of the joint.
In addition, as can be seen from table 1, the addition of molybdenum powder is helpful to improve the melting point of the welded joint, the addition of yttrium can improve the structural compactness and further increase the corrosion resistance, and the comprehensive addition of molybdenum and yttrium can greatly improve the comprehensive performance of the welded joint.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The copper-coated steel heat-release welding flux is characterized by comprising, by mass, 25-35% of copper powder, 25-35% of copper oxide powder, 20-30% of aluminum powder, 1-3% of tin powder, 1-3% of iron powder, 5-10% of molybdenum powder, 0.5-1.5% of yttrium powder, 2-3% of fluorite powder and 1-2% of marble powder.
2. The exothermic welding flux according to claim 1, wherein the purity of the copper powder, the aluminum powder and the iron powder is 99 to 99.5%, and the particle size of the copper powder, the aluminum powder and the iron powder is 80 to 120 mesh.
3. The exothermic copper-coated steel flux according to claim 1, wherein the copper oxide powder has a degree of oxidation of 80 to 85% and a particle size of 80 to 120 mesh.
4. The exothermic solder for copper-coated steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the purity of the tin powder is 99.9%, and the particle size of the tin powder is 100-200 mesh.
5. The exothermic copper-clad steel flux according to claim 1, wherein the molybdenum powder has a purity of 99.9% and a particle size of 100-200 mesh.
6. The exothermic copper-coated steel flux as defined in claim 1, wherein the yttrium powder has a purity of 99.9% and a particle size of 200-300 mesh.
7. The exothermic welding flux for copper-coated steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fluorite powder and marble powder have a particle size of 100-200 mesh.
8. The method for preparing the exothermic flux for copper-clad steel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of: and mixing various raw materials corresponding to the copper-clad steel exothermic welding composition to obtain the copper-clad steel exothermic welding flux.
9. Use of the exothermic copper-clad steel flux according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the exothermic copper-clad steel flux prepared by the preparation method according to claim 8 in welding of copper-clad steel for electrical grounding engineering.
10. Use according to claim 9, wherein the copper-clad steel has a copper layer thickness of 0.5mm or more.
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| CN113609680A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-05 | 成都诺嘉伟业科技有限公司 | Copper-clad steel copper layer thickness setting method |
| CN113609680B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-09-26 | 成都诺嘉伟业科技有限公司 | Copper layer thickness setting method for copper-clad steel |
| CN113996968A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-01 | 绍兴十目科技有限公司 | Exothermic welding flux based on copper-iron alloy |
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