CN112471338A - 亚油酸的筛选鉴定和在对虾病害控制中的应用 - Google Patents
亚油酸的筛选鉴定和在对虾病害控制中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于水产养殖领域,具体涉及亚油酸在制备一种抗白斑综合征病毒的免疫增强剂的应用,具体应用在对虾病害控制中的。通过分析WSSV感染后对虾肠道代谢产物的变化,筛选得到在WSSV感染后含量显著上升的代谢物亚油酸,实验结果显示其可以有效地抑制WSSV在对虾体内的复制,为对虾抗病原菌的预防和治疗提供了新的免疫增强剂。亚油酸,可以减少病毒性病原对对虾的感染,提高对虾感染WSSV后的存活率。亚油酸在对虾抗病毒性疾病中的应用,对对虾的正常生命活动没有不良影响,不会导致环境污染等问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水产养殖领域,具体涉及亚油酸在制备一种抗白斑综合征病毒的免疫增强剂的应用,具体应用在对虾病害控制中的。
背景技术
公开该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解,而不必然被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已经成为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
对虾养殖业是海水养殖的重要支柱性产业,在水产品养殖中占有重要的地位。虽然养虾规模逐年增加,但虾养殖过程中白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)感染造成的对虾大规模死亡仍然严重制约着养虾业的发展。WSSV已成为对虾养殖中最具威胁性的致病病毒,还没有有效的药物来防治WSSV感染。目前,针对对虾病毒性病害的防控主要采取一些综合措施,多种药物使用也会导致环境污染等问题。因此需要发现一些环境友好的抗病毒免疫增强剂,可以作为一种饲料添加剂来提高对虾对于WSSV等病害的抵抗力,并且降低对虾患病的风险。
对虾肠道作为WSSV感染的主要器官,其代谢产物研究可以为对虾抗WSSV研究提供新思路和候选物质。运用代谢组学研究分析比较对虾肠道菌群在WSSV感染条件下的代谢组学变化,可以为筛选抗病毒代谢产物提供可能。发明人通过筛选得到新的抗病毒代谢产物,用于对虾等甲壳类水生动物养殖中病毒性病害的防控,从而降低白斑综合征病毒对对虾养殖的威胁。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供亚油酸在制备一种抗白斑综合征病毒的免疫增强剂的应用。通过分析白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)感染后对虾肠道代谢产物的变化,筛选得到在WSSV感染后含量显著上升的代谢物亚油酸,其可以有效地抑制WSSV在对虾体内的复制,为对虾养殖中病毒性病害的防控提供了新的免疫增强剂。
本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的:
本申请提供亚油酸在制备一种抗白斑综合征病毒的免疫增强剂的应用。
本申请提供的一个或多个技术方案具有如下优点或有益效果:
(1)本申请通过代谢组分析,在日本囊对虾感染白斑综合征病毒后的肠道内容物中筛选出一种代谢产物,属于不饱和脂肪酸的亚油酸,在受到WSSV感染后对虾肠道中亚油酸的含量显著上升。通过分析喂食亚油酸后对虾存活率、喂食亚油酸后对虾在WSSV感染后病毒囊膜蛋白VP28的表达以及对虾的存活率,表明亚油酸可以有效地抑制WSSV在对虾体内的复制,因此亚油酸可用于对虾等水生甲壳动物在养殖生产中的病毒性病害防治。本申请首次公开了从感染WSSV的对虾肠道内容物中筛选出了代谢产物-亚油酸,以及验证亚油酸在对虾抗病毒免疫防御反应中的功能。
(2)亚油酸,可以减少病毒性病原对对虾的感染,提高感染WSSV对虾的存活率。在对虾抗病毒性病中的应用,亚油酸对对虾的正常生命活动没有不良影响,不会导致对虾的生理伤害和环境污染问题。
附图说明
图1本申请实施例3抑制WSSV复制图,饲喂不同剂量的亚油酸,在RNA水平和蛋白水平上显著抑制病毒囊膜蛋白VP28的表达,对虾肠道WSSV复制量显著降低。
图1A qPCR检测饲喂不同剂量的亚油酸后病毒囊膜蛋白VP28的mRNA表达水平图。
图1B免疫印迹法检测检测喂食不同剂量亚油酸后VP28蛋白的表达水平图。
图1C对虾肠道病毒复制量图,饲喂不同剂量的亚油酸,对虾肠道WSSV复制量显著降低。
图2本申请实施例4存活率图,饲喂亚油酸可以提高对虾感染WSSV后的存活率。
具体实施方式
应该指出,以下详细说明都是例示性的,旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
如前所述,为了提供一种抗病毒免疫增强剂,使之可以作为一种饲料添加剂来提高对虾对于WSSV等疾病的免疫抵抗力并且降低对虾患病的风险。
本发明的实施例中提供了亚油酸在制备一种抗白斑综合征病毒的免疫增强剂的应用。
更进一步的,应用于甲壳类水生动物养殖病害控制中。甲壳类水生动物包括虾、蟹在内,以及其他可被提高抗病毒能力的甲壳类水生动物。可以是海水养殖也可以是淡水养殖的甲壳类生物。
进一步的,应用于对虾病害控制中,亚油酸可作为一种免疫增强剂提高对虾应对WSSV感染的免疫能力并可用于防治对虾感染病毒性疾病。优选的,所述对虾为日本囊对虾。
进一步的,抑制对虾肠道及血细胞中病毒的复制,提高受到白斑综合征病毒感染后甲壳类的存活率。
本申请还提供亚油酸在制备水生动物养殖病害控制的饲料添加剂中的应用。亚油酸对对虾的正常生命活动没有不良影响,可以作为一种饲料添加剂来提高对虾对于WSSV等疾病的免疫抵抗力并且降低对虾患病的风险,安全无害。
进一步的,所述水生动物养殖病害控制为对虾等甲壳类的病害控制。
为了使得本领域技术人员能够更加清楚地了解本公开的技术方案,以下将结合具体的实施例与实验例详细说明本公开的技术方案。
实施例1:
将日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)分为两大组,实验组和对照组,每组分为6个重复,每个重复含15只对虾。实验组中,每只对虾经口感染50μL白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)(约为1×107virions);对照组中,每只对虾经口喂食相同体积50μL灭菌磷酸盐缓冲液(2mM KH2PO4,10mM Na2HPO4,2.7mM KCl,137mM NaCl,pH 7.4)。24小时后,无菌操作收集每个重复中的对虾肠道内容物,置于冻存管中并立即冻存在液氮中。所得样品进行LC/MS非靶向代谢组分析,鉴定对虾肠道内容物中的小分子代谢产物。通过VIP值(variableimportance in the projection values)大于1.0,并且P值大于0.5的标准筛选和鉴定实验组和对照组的差异小分子代谢产物。该研究共鉴定出差异小分子代谢产物78种,我们从中选择了在WSSV感染后含量显著上升的亚油酸进行后续研究。
实施例2:
商品化的亚油酸用于实验,日本囊对虾分为四组,每组有15只对虾。分别经口喂食0、25、50、100微升的亚油酸。2小时后统计分析对虾的存活率。结果表明喂食不同剂量亚油酸对对虾存活率不会产生影响。
实施例3:
日本囊对虾分为四组,每组15只对虾。分别喂食0、25、50、100微升的亚油酸。2小时后喂食50μL WSSV(约为1×107virions)。24小时后分别提取对虾肠道的mRNA、蛋白和基因组DNA,运用实时定量PCR(qPCR)和免疫印迹(western blotting),分析VP28在RNA水平和蛋白的表达,并测定病毒的拷贝数,以不注射亚油酸的对虾为对照组。测定VP28在RNA水平表达的引物分别为MjVP28RT-F:5′-CTCCGCAATGGAAAGTCTGA-3′,MjVP28RT-R:5′-GGGTGAAGGAGGAGGTGTT-3′。qPCR的程序为:95℃ 10min,39循环的95℃10s和60℃ 50s,以及最后78℃ 2s的读板;溶解曲线分析为从65℃到95℃。以β-actin作为对照,其引物序列分别为:β-actin-RT-F:5′-AGTAGCCGCCCTGGTTGTAGAC-3′,β-actin-RT-R:5′-TTCTCCATGTCGTCCCAGT-3′。
结果表明将亚油酸喂食对虾后,再经口感染WSSV,可以显著抑制对虾肠道中的病毒囊膜蛋白VP28的表达(如图1A,B所示)。喂食亚油酸后,对虾肠道中WSSV的复制显著降低(如图1C所示)。对虾喂食50微升亚油酸后肠道病毒复制减少幅度为39%;喂食100微升亚油酸后肠道病毒复制减少幅度为50%。
将亚油酸喂食对虾后,再经口感染WSSV,对对虾血细胞中病毒囊膜蛋白VP28的表达同样具有抑制作用。
实施例4:
以喂食50μL无菌水为对照组,实验组喂食50μL亚油酸,2小时后每只对虾喂食50μLWSSV(约为1×107virions)。经过4天养殖,统计对虾的成活率。结果表明喂食亚油酸可以提高对虾感染WSSV后的存活率,提升幅度为20~30%(如图2所示)。
应注意的是,以上实例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案而非对其进行限制。尽管参照所给出的实例对本发明进行了详细说明,但是本领域的普通技术人员可根据需要对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (10)
1.亚油酸在制备一种抗白斑综合征病毒的免疫增强剂的应用。
2.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,应用于甲壳类水生动物养殖病害控制中。
3.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,应用于对虾病害控制中,优选的,为日本囊对虾。
4.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,提高受到白斑综合征病毒感染对虾的存活率。
5.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,抑制对虾肠道及血细胞中病毒的复制。
6.亚油酸在制备水生动物养殖病害控制的饲料添加剂中的应用。
7.如权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述水生动物养殖病害控制为海水养殖及淡水养殖虾、蟹的病害控制。
8.如权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述对虾为日本囊对虾。
9.如权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,应用还包括提高受到白斑综合征病毒后的存活率、抑制对虾肠道及血细胞中病毒的复制。
10.如权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述病害为白斑综合征病毒感染。
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