CN112471290A - Fermentation method for improving taste of black tea - Google Patents

Fermentation method for improving taste of black tea Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112471290A
CN112471290A CN202011496062.8A CN202011496062A CN112471290A CN 112471290 A CN112471290 A CN 112471290A CN 202011496062 A CN202011496062 A CN 202011496062A CN 112471290 A CN112471290 A CN 112471290A
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China
Prior art keywords
tea
temperature
leaves
tea leaves
kneading
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Pending
Application number
CN202011496062.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘汉焱
陈海生
冯红钰
罗莲凤
梁光志
李子平
吴玲玲
覃仁源
赵云熊
莫小燕
冯兰
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Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute
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Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute
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Priority to CN202011496062.8A priority Critical patent/CN112471290A/en
Publication of CN112471290A publication Critical patent/CN112471290A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23FCOFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
    • A23F3/00Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
    • A23F3/06Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
    • A23F3/08Oxidation; Fermentation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23FCOFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
    • A23F3/00Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
    • A23F3/06Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23FCOFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
    • A23F3/00Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
    • A23F3/06Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
    • A23F3/14Tea preparations, e.g. using additives

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Tea And Coffee (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fermentation method for improving the taste of black tea, which belongs to the field of tea preparation, and comprises the steps of picking tea leaves with the tenderness of one bud and one leaf to two buds and one leaf, withering the tea leaves at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ for 14-25 hours, slightly kneading the withered tea leaves for 45 minutes, kneading the tea leaves for 30 minutes, loosening and kneading the tea leaves, and adding edible sodium bicarbonate powder for 15 minutes; fermenting tea, shaping, drying and extracting fragrance. The problem of sour taste caused by over fermentation is solved by adding sodium bicarbonate in the loosening and kneading process, so that the quality of the tea is improved, the grade of the tea is improved, the selling price is improved, and the income of farmers is increased.

Description

Fermentation method for improving taste of black tea
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tea preparation, in particular to a fermentation method for improving the taste of black tea.
Background
The black tea is one of six tea types in China, and meanwhile, China is also the origin of the black tea, and the high-quality black tea has the characteristics of red and bright liquor color, mellow taste and pure and long-lasting fragrance. Modern researches show that the black tea contains a large amount of phenolic substances which have the functions of resisting oxidation, reducing blood fat, inhibiting arteriosclerosis, enhancing capillary vessel function, resisting mutation and the like, so that the black tea is beneficial to human health after being drunk frequently. Drinking black tea also increases the content of vitamin B1 in the liver, which means that drinking black tea frequently helps promote the secretion of enzymes in the liver, helps the normal operation of liver cells, reduces the metabolic burden of liver cells, etc.
Fermentation is a key process for forming the quality of black tea, the fermentation of the black tea is carried out by temperature, humidity, oxygen and time, and if the fermentation degree is reached by prolonging the time due to low temperature or humidity, the fermentation is sour after long time or excessive fermentation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fermentation method for improving the taste of black tea, and solves the technical problem that the taste of the black tea is sour due to poor controllability and long time of fermentation.
A fermentation process for improving the taste of black tea, the process comprising the steps of:
step 1: picking tea leaves with the tenderness of one bud and one leaf to two leaves;
step 2: withering the tea leaves at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ for 14-25 hours;
and step 3: slightly kneading the withered tea leaves for 45 minutes;
and 4, step 4: kneading the tea leaves for 30 minutes;
and 5: loosening and kneading the tea leaves, and adding edible sodium bicarbonate powder for 15 minutes;
step 6: fermenting tea leaves, wherein the room temperature is controlled to be 20-25 ℃, the temperature of the fermented leaves is kept at 29.5-30.5 ℃, if the temperature of the fermented leaves exceeds 40 ℃, stirring and heat dissipation are carried out, the air humidity is kept at 90%, the thickness of spread leaves is 8-12 cm, and the fermentation time is 3-5 hours;
and 7: primarily drying the fermented tea leaves at the temperature of 100 ℃, then shaping the tea leaves at the temperature of 75 ℃ by using a curling machine, and then drying the tea leaves at the temperature of 80 ℃;
further, the specific process of step 2 is as follows:
spreading tea leaves on a screen in a single layer, adjusting the indoor temperature to 22 ℃, controlling the humidity to 80-85%, starting an air blower to perform air draft, keeping the air blower for 2-4 hours, then closing the air blower, opening a window to perform air draft, keeping the air blower for 6-11 hours, adjusting the temperature to 25 ℃, controlling the humidity to 80-85%, starting the air blower to perform air draft, keeping the air blower for 8-10 hours, finally adjusting the temperature to 22 ℃, controlling the humidity to 80-85%, closing the air blower, opening the window to perform air draft, keeping the air blower for 6-10 hours, arranging temperature and humidity sensing temperature and humidity on the side edge of the screen, then transmitting the detected temperature and humidity to a single chip microcomputer control device, controlling a central air conditioner to adjust the temperature and humidity of the environment, and controlling the water content of the.
Further, the specific process of step 3 is as follows: kneading with a kneading machine, wherein the first 30 minutes is no-pressure air kneading, and then pressure kneading is carried out for 15 minutes.
Further, the specific process of step 4 is as follows: the tea leaves are pressed and twisted for 30 minutes, the destruction rate of the tea cell tissues is more than 80%, more than 90% of the tea leaves are formed into strips, the strips are tightly wound, the tea juice overflows and adheres to the surfaces of the tea leaves, and the tea juice overflows without dripping when being tightly held by hands.
Further, the specific process of step 5 is as follows: and carrying out air kneading for 15 minutes, and fully deblocking the kneaded leaves. Further, in the step 5: the ratio of the edible sodium bicarbonate powder to the tea leaves is 1; 1000.
further, the specific process of step 6 is as follows: adding a regulating solution before fermentation, wherein the ratio of the regulating solution to the tea is 0.03-0.05: :1
Further, the conditioning solution comprises 70% of garcinia mangostana fruit juice, 5% of rutin, 10% of anthocyanin and 15% of resveratrol.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention solves the problem of sour taste caused by over fermentation by adding the sodium bicarbonate in the process of loosening and kneading, improves the quality of the tea, improves the grade of the tea, improves the selling price, increases the income of farmers, and the regulating solution is added during the fermentation, so that the color of the tea can be well regulated, and meanwhile, the tea has good effects of cancer prevention, aging resistance, ulcer resistance, virus resistance and the like, during withering, the temperature is controlled to be reduced, the activity of enzymes in the tea leaves is controlled, meanwhile, the tea leaves are primarily dehydrated, then the enzyme activity is accelerated along with the temperature rise, but because the water is primarily lost, the internal polyphenol substances are prevented from being oxidized too early, the change of the beneficial substances in the tea can be controlled according to the enzyme activity of the external temperature and humidity to the tea, and the tea leaves are subjected to three-time screening and withering combined, so that the proper oxidation of the polyphenol is effectively controlled, the bitter taste is reduced, and the mellow degree of the tea leaves is increased.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, preferred embodiments are given and the present invention is described in further detail. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
A fermentation process for improving the taste of black tea, the process comprising the steps of:
step 1: picking tea with the tenderness from one bud to two leaves.
Step 2: withering the tea leaves at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ for 14-25 hours. Spreading tea leaves on a screen in a single layer, adjusting the indoor temperature to 22 ℃, controlling the humidity to 80-85%, starting an air blower to perform air draft, keeping the air blower for 2-4 hours, then closing the air blower, opening a window to perform air draft, keeping the air blower for 6-11 hours, adjusting the temperature to 25 ℃, controlling the humidity to 80-85%, starting the air blower to perform air draft, keeping the air blower for 8-10 hours, finally adjusting the temperature to 22 ℃, controlling the humidity to 80-85%, closing the air blower, opening the window to perform air draft, keeping the air blower for 6-10 hours, arranging temperature and humidity sensing temperature and humidity on the side edge of the screen, then transmitting the detected temperature and humidity to a single chip microcomputer control device, controlling a central air conditioner to adjust the temperature and humidity of the environment, and controlling the water content of the.
And step 3: and lightly kneading the withered tea leaves for 45 minutes. Kneading with a kneading machine, wherein the first 30 minutes is no-pressure air kneading, and then pressure kneading is carried out for 15 minutes.
And 4, step 4: the tea leaves are pressed and twisted for 30 minutes, the destruction rate of the tea cell tissue is more than 80%, more than 90% of the tea leaves are formed into strips, the strips are tightly wound, the tea juice overflows and adheres to the surfaces of the tea leaves, and the tea juice overflows and does not drip when being held by hands.
And 5: the tea leaves were subjected to loosening and kneading, and edible sodium bicarbonate powder was added for 15 minutes. The ratio of the edible sodium bicarbonate powder to the tea leaves is 1; 1000.
step 6: and (3) fermenting the tea leaves, wherein the room temperature is controlled to be 20-25 ℃, the temperature of the fermented leaves is kept at 29.5-30.5 ℃, if the temperature of the leaves exceeds 40 ℃, stirring and heat dissipation are carried out, the air humidity is kept at 90%, the thickness of the spread leaves is 8-12 cm, and the fermentation time is 2-3 hours. Adding a regulating solution before fermentation, wherein the ratio of the regulating solution to the tea is 0.03-0.05: :1. The regulating solution comprises 70% of fructus Rhododendri mollis juice, 5% of rutin, 10% of anthocyanin and 15% of resveratrol. Rutin, anthocyanin and resveratrol have good effects of cancer prevention, aging resistance, ulcer resistance, virus resistance and the like.
And 7: primarily drying the fermented tea leaves at the temperature of 100 ℃, then shaping the tea leaves at the temperature of 75 ℃ by using a curling machine, and then drying the tea leaves at the temperature of 80 ℃;
and 8: and (3) simultaneously heating the dried tea leaves inside and outside by using a microwave heater, and keeping the temperature for 20-30 minutes after the temperature reaches 120 ℃ to finish the preparation. The material is heated to the required temperature in a short time by utilizing the principle of microwave heating. Because microwave heating is to the inside and outside simultaneous heating of material, consequently heating time is short, the rise in temperature time is fast. The material can be heated to more than 100 ℃ within 2-3 minutes, and because the material is heated and cut uniformly in a short time, moisture is rapidly discharged from the interior of the material, so that the baked tea finished product has fragrant and delicious taste and endless aftertaste. Still have the function of completing, disinfect function, stoving function, save equipment investment cost, this equipment degree of automation is high, can save the cost of labor simultaneously, has the even and fast advantage of heating.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A fermentation method for improving the taste of black tea is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: picking tea leaves with the tenderness of one bud and one leaf to two leaves;
step 2: withering the tea leaves at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ for 14-25 hours;
and step 3: slightly kneading the withered tea leaves for 45 minutes;
and 4, step 4: kneading the tea leaves for 30 minutes;
and 5: loosening and kneading the tea leaves, and adding edible sodium bicarbonate powder for 15 minutes;
step 6: fermenting tea leaves, wherein the room temperature is controlled to be 20-25 ℃, the temperature of the fermented leaves is kept at 29.5-30.5 ℃, if the temperature of the leaves exceeds 40 ℃, stirring and heat dissipation are carried out, the air humidity is kept above 90%, the thickness of spread leaves is 8-12 cm, and the fermentation time is 3-5 hours;
and 7: primarily drying the fermented tea leaves at the temperature of 100 ℃, then shaping the tea leaves at the temperature of 75 ℃ by using a curling machine, and then drying the tea leaves at the temperature of 80 ℃;
and 8: and (3) simultaneously heating the dried tea leaves inside and outside by using a microwave heater, and keeping the temperature for 10-20 minutes after the temperature reaches 120 ℃ to finish the preparation.
2. A fermentation process to improve the taste of black tea according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific process of the step 2 is as follows:
spreading tea leaves on a screen in a single layer, adjusting the indoor temperature to 22 ℃, controlling the humidity to 80-85%, starting an air blower to perform air draft, keeping the air blower for 2-4 hours, then closing the air blower, opening a window to perform air draft, keeping the air blower for 6-11 hours, adjusting the temperature to 25 ℃, controlling the humidity to 80-85%, starting the air blower to perform air draft, keeping the air blower for 8-10 hours, finally adjusting the temperature to 22 ℃, controlling the humidity to 80-85%, closing the air blower, opening the window to perform air draft, keeping the air blower for 6-10 hours, arranging temperature and humidity sensing temperature and humidity on the side edge of the screen, then transmitting the detected temperature and humidity to a single chip microcomputer control device, controlling a central air conditioner to adjust the temperature and humidity of the environment, and controlling the water content of the.
3. A fermentation process to improve the taste of black tea according to claim 2, characterized in that: the specific process of the step 3 is as follows: kneading with a kneading machine, wherein the first 30 minutes is no-pressure air kneading, and then pressure kneading is carried out for 15 minutes.
4. A fermentation process to improve the taste of black tea according to claim 3, wherein: the specific process of the step 4 is as follows: kneading under pressure for 30 minutes. The destruction rate of the tea cell tissue is more than 80%, more than 90% of the tea leaves are stripped, the tea leaves are tightly wound, the tea juice overflows and adheres to the surfaces of the tea leaves, and the tea juice overflows without dripping when being held by hands.
5. A fermentation process to improve the taste of black tea according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific process of the step 5 is as follows: and (4) rolling for 15 minutes in an empty state, and deblocking the rolled leaves fully.
6. A fermentation process to improve the taste of black tea according to claim 5, wherein: in the step 5: the ratio of edible sodium bicarbonate powder to tea is 1: 1000.
7. a fermentation process to improve the taste of black tea according to claim 6, wherein: the specific process of the step 6 is as follows: oxygen is introduced during fermentation to improve the freshness of the black tea, and a regulating solution is added before fermentation, wherein the ratio of the regulating solution to the tea is 0.03-0.05: :1.
8. A fermentation process to improve the taste of black tea according to claim 7, wherein: the regulating solution comprises 70% of fructus Rhododendri mollis juice, 5% of rutin, 10% of anthocyanin and 15% of resveratrol.
CN202011496062.8A 2020-12-17 2020-12-17 Fermentation method for improving taste of black tea Pending CN112471290A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104286229A (en) * 2014-09-15 2015-01-21 福建碧叶馨茶业有限公司 Black tea preparation technology
CN105309678A (en) * 2015-11-04 2016-02-10 广西昭平县凝香翠茶厂 Technology for manufacturing black tea with pine needle fragrance
CN105360367A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-03-02 泸州市天绿茶厂 Production method of black tea
CN106359686A (en) * 2016-11-10 2017-02-01 贵州湄潭沁园春茶业有限公司 Red tea processing technology
CN107242310A (en) * 2017-06-16 2017-10-13 林伟秋 A kind of single Cong Hongcha preparation method
CN108740089A (en) * 2018-05-26 2018-11-06 江口梵韵白茶开发经营有限公司 A kind of preparation method of black tea

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104286229A (en) * 2014-09-15 2015-01-21 福建碧叶馨茶业有限公司 Black tea preparation technology
CN105309678A (en) * 2015-11-04 2016-02-10 广西昭平县凝香翠茶厂 Technology for manufacturing black tea with pine needle fragrance
CN105360367A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-03-02 泸州市天绿茶厂 Production method of black tea
CN106359686A (en) * 2016-11-10 2017-02-01 贵州湄潭沁园春茶业有限公司 Red tea processing technology
CN107242310A (en) * 2017-06-16 2017-10-13 林伟秋 A kind of single Cong Hongcha preparation method
CN108740089A (en) * 2018-05-26 2018-11-06 江口梵韵白茶开发经营有限公司 A kind of preparation method of black tea

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Application publication date: 20210312

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