CN112467264B - Self-pressure-release button lithium secondary battery - Google Patents
Self-pressure-release button lithium secondary battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN112467264B CN112467264B CN202011288664.4A CN202011288664A CN112467264B CN 112467264 B CN112467264 B CN 112467264B CN 202011288664 A CN202011288664 A CN 202011288664A CN 112467264 B CN112467264 B CN 112467264B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-pressure-relief button lithium secondary battery, which comprises a shell, wherein a battery core is arranged in the shell, the shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell which are connected in a riveting manner, and the upper shell and the lower shell are both metal shells with openings on one sides and hollow interiors; an insulating rubber ring is arranged on the outer side wall of the upper shell and is positioned between the upper shell and the lower shell; a plurality of notches are formed in the opening end of the lower shell at equal intervals and attached to the insulating rubber ring. The design of the notch can firmly fasten the insulating rubber ring after riveting to achieve the effect of tight combination, the battery has good sealing performance, and meanwhile, when the button lithium secondary battery is short-circuited and fails, the pressure can be released by the notch through the polymer collapse concept and the matched tight riveting mode. The battery of the invention not only has the advantages of enhanced sealing effect but also has the function of explosion prevention, has simple structure, does not need to add other parts, and has low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium batteries, and particularly relates to a self-pressure-relief button lithium secondary battery.
Background
The common structure of the button lithium secondary battery shell consists of a small shell metal, an insulating rubber ring and a large shell metal. In order to avoid the influence of moisture on the quality of the battery, the production is generally carried out in a drying chamber having a glove box or a dew point controller; since the button lithium secondary battery is not equipped with a degassing station in the charging process, and the housing is easily compressed into the housing during the assembling process, the original internal pressure is formed, and if a non-conventional reason is added, for example: the temperature rise is caused by short circuit inside and outside the battery, the temperature indirectly causes the internal electrolyte to react to generate gas, and further causes the increase of internal pressure, and the problems of the thickness dimension exceeding the specification, more cracking and the like are caused.
Common safety concerns, such as poor alignment of the positive and negative electrodes, short circuit caused by direct contact, increased battery temperature, gas generation due to internal chemical reaction, excessive pressure, ignition and combustion, and explosion of the case. Most of the existing technologies mainly improve the short-circuit protection as follows: the method is characterized in that a pressure hole is additionally arranged around a shell (CN 103262296B is a button battery with explosion protection), riveting tightness is increased by different shell designs (CN 107425145A, a button lithium battery cell sealing structure and a sealing method, CN209418566U, a button battery with high sealing performance), a pressure-resistant safety valve is additionally arranged (CN 105552275B, a button rechargeable lithium ion battery), a reversible thermal fuse is arranged in the battery (CN 103262288B, a button battery with a winding electrode with a thermal safety device), and the like, and the modification of insulating rubber ring polymers is less.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a self-pressure-relief button lithium secondary battery, which solves the technical problem of pressure relief of the button lithium secondary battery.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a self-pressure-relief button lithium secondary battery comprises a shell, wherein a battery core is arranged in the shell, the shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell which are connected in a riveting manner, and the upper shell and the lower shell are both metal shells with openings on one sides and hollow interiors; an insulating rubber ring is arranged on the outer side wall of the upper shell and is positioned between the upper shell and the lower shell; a plurality of notches are formed in the opening end of the lower shell at equal intervals and attached to the insulating rubber ring.
Furthermore, the insulating rubber ring is a single shell component formed by injection molding.
Further, the insulating rubber ring is formed on the outer side wall of the upper shell through an injection molding process.
Furthermore, the end surfaces of the upper and lower shells are two poles of the battery; the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a diaphragm arranged between the two electrodes, and the battery cell is formed by the first electrode, the diaphragm and the second electrode in a winding mode or a lamination mode.
Furthermore, the insulating rubber ring is made of a high polymer material, an insulating composite material or a rubber material.
Further, the molecular weight of the high polymer material is less than 10 6 g/mol, the heat distortion temperature is 40-300 ℃, and the melt index is more than 0.25g/10min.
Further, the high molecular material is composed of at least one copolymer; the stereo structure of the copolymer is isotactic, syndiotactic or atactic; the copolymer is arranged in a random copolymer, a block copolymer or a graft copolymer.
Further, the copolymer is one or more of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polystyrene, ABS and styrene copolymer resin, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polycarbonate, polyterephthalate resin, polyamide, polyformaldehyde, phenolic resin, modified polyoxy xylene, poly-sulfide xylene and polyether ether ketone.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects: a plurality of notches are formed in the opening end of the lower shell at equal intervals and attached to the insulating rubber ring; the design of the notch can firmly fasten the insulating rubber ring after riveting to achieve the effect of tight combination, the battery has good sealing performance, and meanwhile, when the button lithium secondary battery is short-circuited and fails, the pressure can be released by the notch through the polymer collapse concept and the matched tight riveting mode. The battery of the invention not only has the advantages of enhanced sealing effect but also has the function of explosion prevention, has simple structure, does not need to add other parts, and has low cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a button lithium secondary battery according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the pressure relief of the button lithium secondary battery of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-an upper shell; 2-a lower shell; 3-an insulating rubber ring; 4-notch.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, a self-releasing button lithium secondary battery includes a casing, and a battery cell is disposed in the casing. The shell comprises an upper shell 1 and a lower shell 2 which are riveted, wherein the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 are both metal shells with openings on one side and hollow interiors; an insulating rubber ring 3 is arranged on the outer side wall of the upper shell 1, and the insulating rubber ring 3 is positioned between the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2; a plurality of notches 4 are formed in the opening end of the lower shell 2 at equal intervals, and the notches 4 are attached to the insulating rubber ring 3.
In the present embodiment, the upper case 1 and the lower case 2 are both made of a metal material. Go up casing 1 and casing 2 down and all utilize mechanical pull processing, the shaping is the open hollow circular cylinder casing of unilateral, and carries out notch 4 in casing 2 open end lateral wall down with machining and grinds and cut, and notch 4 structure can be the discontinuous limit of segmentation. The number of the notches 4 is not less than 1, and the notches 4 are preferably V-shaped or U-shaped. Notch 4 is attached on insulating rubber ring 3, not only strengthens the riveting seal strength, and the battery can also carry out the pressure release through notch 4.
The end surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell are two poles of the battery; the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a diaphragm arranged between the two electrodes, and the battery cell is formed by the first electrode, the diaphragm and the second electrode in a winding mode or a lamination mode.
The insulating rubber ring 3 is formed on the outer side wall of the upper case 1 through an injection molding process. The insulating rubber ring is used for insulating the upper and lower cases, and can also enhance the air tightness of the battery due to the elasticity of the insulating rubber ring.
The insulating rubber ring 3 is made of a high polymer material, an insulating composite material or a rubber material. The molecular weight of the high molecular material is less than 10 6 g/mol, the heat distortion temperature is 40-300 ℃, and the melt index is more than 0.25g/10min. In this embodiment, the molecular weight of the polymer material is less than 10 4 g/mol、10 4 -10 5 g/mol or 10 5 -10 6 g/mol。
As shown in fig. 2, the arrows indicate the gas pressure direction. When the temperature rise and the internal chemical reaction of the button lithium secondary battery caused by short circuit cause the internal pressure of the battery to be overlarge, the temperature is conducted to the insulating rubber ring 3 by the shell, then the thermal deformation temperature designed by the invention releases the internal gas pressure of the battery through the high polymer collapse, and the notch 4 is designed to be tightly riveted, so that the battery is not exploded, the stability and the use safety of the thickness dimension are improved, the safety and the reliability are improved, and the risk of fire explosion caused by short circuit is avoided.
The polymeric material is composed of at least one copolymer. The stereo structure of the copolymer is isotactic, syndiotactic or atactic; the copolymer is arranged in a random copolymer, a block copolymer or a graft copolymer.
The copolymer is one or more of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polystyrene, ABS and styrene copolymer resin, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polycarbonate, polyterephthalate resin, polyamide, polyformaldehyde, phenolic resin, modified polyoxy xylene and poly-sulfurated xylene.
Comparative examples 1,
In the above table, a represents a Flame Retardant PP based composite; b represents a composite material mainly comprising High Heat Resistance PP; c represents a PCTG-based composite material; d represents a K-Resin-based composite material.
In comparative example 1, #1 and #2 are experimental control groups, the case without a notch and the rubber ring without a thermal collapse design are selected as A, B composite materials, and according to different thermal deformation temperatures and melt indexes, it can be observed that in the Hot plate experiment (the battery is placed on a heating rod and heated at the bottom), the time required for the case to spring open is gradually shortened along with the temperature rise. The chemical reaction occurs in the battery due to heating, the generated gas pressure is enough to cause the shell to be bounced, and at the moment, if the lower shell is designed without a notch and is released from the pressure, once the internal gas pressure exceeds the force of tight riveting, the shell is in danger of bursting open;
in comparative example 1, #3 to #8, the concept of polymer collapse and the tightly fitting riveting method proposed by the present invention are used to perform pressure relief at the notch. By selecting C, D two composite materials and according to different thermal deformation temperatures and melt indexes, it can be observed that in Hot plate experiment, chemical reaction occurs in the cell along with the rise of temperature, and the generated gas pressure is released by the notch position through the polymer collapse concept and the tightly matched riveting mode provided by the invention. The battery of the invention not only has the advantages of enhanced sealing effect but also has the explosion-proof function, has simple structure, does not need to add other parts, has low cost, improves the stability of thickness and size and the use safety, increases the safety and reliability, and achieves the purpose of avoiding the risk of fire and explosion caused by short circuit.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A self-pressure-relief button lithium secondary battery comprises a shell, wherein a battery core is arranged in the shell, and the self-pressure-relief button lithium secondary battery is characterized in that the shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell which are connected in a riveting manner, and the upper shell and the lower shell are both metal shells with openings on one sides and hollow interiors; an insulating rubber ring is arranged on the outer side wall of the upper shell and is positioned between the upper shell and the lower shell; a plurality of notches are formed in the opening end of the lower shell at equal intervals and attached to the insulating rubber ring;
the insulating rubber ring is made of a high polymer material, an insulating composite material or a rubber material;
the molecular weight of the high polymer material is less than 10 6 g/mol, the thermal deformation temperature is 40 to 300 ℃, and the melt index is more than 0.25g/10 min;
the gas pressure in the battery is released through the polymer collapse;
the high molecular material is composed of at least one copolymer; the stereo structure of the copolymer is isotactic, syndiotactic or atactic; the copolymer is arranged in a random copolymer, a block copolymer or a graft copolymer;
the copolymer is one or more of polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polystyrene, ABS and styrene copolymer resin, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polycarbonate, polyterephthalate resin, polyamide, polyformaldehyde, phenolic resin, modified polyoxy xylene, poly-sulfide xylene and polyether ether ketone.
2. The self-venting button lithium secondary battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rubber insulating ring is a single housing component formed by injection molding.
3. The self-venting button lithium secondary battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rubber insulating ring is formed on the outer sidewall of the upper case by injection molding.
4. The self-venting button lithium secondary battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the end faces of the upper and lower cases are both battery poles; the battery cell is arranged in the shell and comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a diaphragm arranged between the two electrodes, and the battery cell is formed by the first electrode, the diaphragm and the second electrode in a winding mode or a lamination mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011288664.4A CN112467264B (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2020-11-17 | Self-pressure-release button lithium secondary battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011288664.4A CN112467264B (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2020-11-17 | Self-pressure-release button lithium secondary battery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112467264A CN112467264A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
| CN112467264B true CN112467264B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101728574A (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2010-06-09 | 王昉 | Buckled lithium-ion storage battery with single-wall structure |
| CN101735592A (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2010-06-16 | 东莞市信诺橡塑工业有限公司 | Flame-resistant polyphenylether composition and method for preparing same |
| JP2011071052A (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-04-07 | Hitachi Vehicle Energy Ltd | Lithium-ion secondary battery |
| CN211605200U (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-09-29 | 兴能高科技股份有限公司 | Button type lithium secondary battery case structure |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111682129A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-18 | 重庆市紫建电子股份有限公司 | Metal shell button type lithium ion battery |
-
2020
- 2020-11-17 CN CN202011288664.4A patent/CN112467264B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011071052A (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-04-07 | Hitachi Vehicle Energy Ltd | Lithium-ion secondary battery |
| CN101728574A (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2010-06-09 | 王昉 | Buckled lithium-ion storage battery with single-wall structure |
| CN101735592A (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2010-06-16 | 东莞市信诺橡塑工业有限公司 | Flame-resistant polyphenylether composition and method for preparing same |
| CN211605200U (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-09-29 | 兴能高科技股份有限公司 | Button type lithium secondary battery case structure |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 橡胶工业原材料与装备简明手册 编审委员会.高分子化合物的结构.《橡胶工业原材料与装备简明手册-原材料与工艺耗材分册》.北京理工大学出版社,2019,(第一版),第124-127页. * |
| 陆培文.非金属垫片.《实用阀门设计手册》.机械工业出版社,2020,(第四版),第916-918页. * |
| 黄家贤.共聚物.《高分子化学基础 上册》.化学工业出版社,1986,(第一版),第25-29页. * |
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