CN112464518B - Equivalent circuit and method for calculating steady-state current when people contact with vehicle - Google Patents

Equivalent circuit and method for calculating steady-state current when people contact with vehicle Download PDF

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CN112464518B
CN112464518B CN202010911827.3A CN202010911827A CN112464518B CN 112464518 B CN112464518 B CN 112464518B CN 202010911827 A CN202010911827 A CN 202010911827A CN 112464518 B CN112464518 B CN 112464518B
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equivalent
passenger car
voltage
resistance
ground
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CN112464518A (en
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郑中原
姜玲
张佳成
于金山
于奔
赵鹏
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses an equivalent circuit and a method for calculating steady-state current when a person contacts with a vehicle, which belong to the technical field of high-voltage transmission lines and comprise a ground capacitance C of a passenger carCOpen circuit voltage U of passenger carocTire ground capacitance CtResistance R of tiretContact resistance RgHuman body equivalent capacitance CbEquivalent resistance R to human bodyb(ii) a Tire ground capacitance CtAnd resistance R of the tiretForming a first parallel circuit; human body equivalent capacitance CbEquivalent resistance R to human bodybForming a second parallel circuit; open circuit voltage U of passenger carocThe positive terminal of the capacitor is sequentially connected with the ground capacitor C of the passenger carCThe first parallel circuit is grounded; open circuit voltage U of passenger carocThe positive terminal of the capacitor is sequentially connected with the ground capacitor C of the passenger carCSwitch S, contact resistance RgAnd one end of the second parallel circuit is connected, and the other end of the second parallel circuit is grounded. The invention ensures that the calculation of the electric field of the power transmission line is not influenced by the parking position of the passenger car, and simultaneously greatly reduces the calculation amount.

Description

Equivalent circuit and method for calculating steady-state current when people contact with vehicle
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-voltage transmission lines, and particularly relates to an equivalent circuit and a method for calculating steady-state current when a person contacts with a vehicle.
Background
In recent years, people pay more and more attention to the calculation of the automobile contact current under the alternating-current high-voltage power transmission line. The traditional research method is to calculate the open-circuit voltage and the capacitance to ground of the surface of the automobile by combining an analog charge method and a surface charge method, and then construct an equivalent circuit when a human body touches the automobile, thereby solving the basic current. However, due to the fact that coupling exists between the power transmission line and an electric field generated by surface charges of the automobile and the fact that the size of a scene is large, direct solving calculation amount is very large. And the contact current of the automobile under the condition of one relative position of the automobile and the power transmission line can only be obtained through one long-time numerical calculation, and when the automobile moves, complicated numerical calculation needs to be repeatedly carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the known technology and provides an equivalent circuit and a method for calculating the steady-state current when a person contacts with a vehicle.
A first object of the present invention is to provide an equivalent circuit comprising:
capacitance to ground C of passenger carCOpen circuit voltage U of passenger carocTire ground capacitance CtResistance R of tiretContact resistance RgHuman body equivalent capacitance CbEquivalent resistance R to human bodyb(ii) a Wherein:
the tire has a ground capacitance CtAnd resistance R of the tiretForming a first parallel circuit;
the human body equivalent capacitance CbEquivalent resistance R to human bodybForming a second parallel circuit;
open circuit voltage U of the passenger carocThe negative pole end of the bus is grounded, and the open-circuit voltage U of the busocThe positive terminal of the bus sequentially passes through the ground capacitor C of the busCThe first parallel circuit is grounded;
open circuit voltage U of the passenger carocThe positive terminal of the bus sequentially passes through the ground capacitor C of the busCSwitch S, contact resistance RgAnd one end of the second parallel circuit is connected, and the other end of the second parallel circuit is grounded.
Preferably, Rt>>1/ωCtThe contact resistance RgThevenin equivalent voltage U on one sideThevininComprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0002914010350000011
the contact resistance RgEquivalent impedance Z of one sideeqComprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0002914010350000012
according to ohm' S law, the steady contact current I flowing through the switch SgThe expression of (c) is:
Figure GDA0002914010350000021
a second object of the present invention is to provide a method for calculating a steady-state current when a person comes into contact with a vehicle, based on the equivalent circuit, including:
s1, calculating the voltage of the suspension conductor to the ground; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the expression of the voltage to ground of a suspended conductor under an alternating-current high-voltage transmission line is as follows:
Figure GDA0002914010350000022
dividing the surface of the suspended conductor into finite units, selecting some integration points in the units, solving the numerical values of the integrand on the integration points, then multiplying the numerical values by weight factors, and then solving the integration to obtain an integral value;
s2, constructing an equivalent circuit;
s3, calculating the steady-state contact current I between the passenger and the passenger car through ohm' S theoremgThe size of (2).
Preferably, in S1, the finite unit is a triangle; at this time, the formula of the two-dimensional gaussian integral is:
Figure GDA0002914010350000023
preferably, the continuous integration of equation (4) is a numerical integration of equation (6) by using a triangle unit two-dimensional gaussian integration method with an integration point number of 1:
Figure GDA0002914010350000024
wherein S isiIs the area of the triangular cell i, ViRepresenting the voltage at the integration point on the cell i,
Figure GDA0002914010350000025
representing the charge density at the point of integration.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
according to the invention, the calculation of the electric field of the alternating-current high-voltage power transmission line is decoupled from the calculation of the surface charge density of the passenger car, so that the electric field calculation of the alternating-current high-voltage power transmission line is not influenced by the parking position of the passenger car, the complexity of solving is reduced, and the calculation efficiency of the human body below the power transmission line contacting with the stable state current of the passenger car is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a passenger car touched by a person in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary view of a passenger vehicle surface grid in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, an equivalent circuit includes:
capacitance to ground C of passenger carCOpen circuit voltage U of passenger carocTire ground capacitance CtResistance R of tiretContact resistance RgHuman body equivalent capacitance CbEquivalent resistance R to human bodyb(ii) a Wherein:
the tire has a ground capacitance CtAnd resistance R of the tiretForming a first parallel circuit;
the human body equivalent capacitance CbEquivalent resistance R to human bodybForming a second parallel circuit;
open circuit voltage U of the passenger carocThe negative pole end of the bus is grounded, and the open-circuit voltage U of the busocThe positive terminal of the bus sequentially passes through the ground capacitor C of the busCThe first parallel circuit is grounded;
open circuit voltage U of the passenger carocThe positive terminal of the bus sequentially passes through the ground capacitor C of the busCSwitch S, contact resistance RgAnd one end of the second parallel circuit is connected, and the other end of the second parallel circuit is grounded.
A steady-state current calculation method based on the equivalent circuit when a person contacts with a vehicle comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating the voltage of the suspension conductor to the ground; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the existing empirical formula, the expression of the voltage to ground of the suspension conductor under the alternating-current high-voltage transmission line is as follows:
Figure GDA0002914010350000031
for the integration in the formula (4), a gaussian integration method is used. The surface of the suspended conductor is divided into a plurality of units, certain integration points are selected in the units, the numerical values of the integrated function on the integration points are solved, then the numerical values are multiplied by weight factors, and then the integration is solved, so that the integral value can be obtained. Taking the finite element as an example of a triangle, the general formula of the two-dimensional Gaussian integral is as follows:
Figure GDA0002914010350000032
the continuous integration of equation (4) can be implemented as the numerical integration of equation (6) by using a triangle unit two-dimensional gaussian integration method with the number of integration points being 1:
Figure GDA0002914010350000033
wherein S isiIs the area of the triangular cell i,
Figure GDA0002914010350000034
representing the voltage at the integration point on the cell i,
Figure GDA0002914010350000035
representing the charge density at the integration point.
S2, constructing an equivalent circuit; when a person touches a passenger car under a power transmission line, an equivalent circuit shown in fig. 1 can be formed by considering the ground capacitance of the car, the ground capacitance of tires, the ground capacitance of the person and the resistance, and not considering the coupling relation between the person and the car and the open-circuit voltage of the person, and when the circuit reaches a steady state after the switch S is closed, the current Ig flowing through the S is the steady-state contact current between the person and the passenger car.
Wherein, CCIs the ground capacitance, U, of a passenger carocIs open circuit voltage of passenger car, CtFor the tyre capacitance to ground, RtIs the resistance of the tire, RgAs contact resistance, CbIs a human body equivalent capacitance, RbIs the human body equivalent resistance.
Due to Rt>>1/ωCtIn the calculation, R can be seentIs an open circuit. At known open circuit voltage and U of passenger carocAnd passenger carCapacitance to ground CcOn the premise that when the switching circuit in fig. 1 reaches a steady state, thevenin equivalent voltage U on the left side of the switchThevininComprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0002914010350000041
equivalent impedance Z of the right side of the switcheqComprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0002914010350000042
in equation (2), the part following the plus sign represents the calculation method of the reactance, the reactance is a vector, j and w represent the direction parameters in the vector
Then the steady-state contact current I flowing through the switch is determined by ohm's lawgThe expression of (a) is:
Figure GDA0002914010350000043
s3, calculating the steady-state contact current I between the passenger and the passenger car through ohm' S theoremgThe size of (2).
The selection is the Shanghai dragon SLK611855AN5 type passenger car. The dimensional parameters are as follows:
vehicle body length (L): 10995 mm;
vehicle body width (W): 2500 mm;
vehicle height (H1): 3695 mm;
full vehicle height (H2): 3880 mm.
The passenger car was modeled by ANSYS, as shown in fig. 2. A voltage Vb of 1000V was applied to the surface of the passenger car, and the passenger car surface was subdivided with 38406 triangular cells (fig. 2). As shown in fig. 2, mesh refinement was performed in the region where the change in the surface charge density was large to obtain more accurate results. And finally, outputting coordinate information and charge density information of the vertexes of the triangular units on the surface of the automobile under the condition that the constant voltage is Vb by ANSYS.
As described above, the calculation of this step is independent of the calculation of the electric field of the ac high-voltage transmission line, so that no repeated calculation is required when the relative position of the passenger car and the transmission line changes.
FIG. 2 is a surface mesh generation of a passenger car; simulating to obtain the capacitance C of the passenger carc2182pF, and the node charge density of all triangular elements on the passenger car surface. The electric field at the earth of the transmission line may be approximately a uniform electric field perpendicular to the ground. The potential of the transmission line generated on the surface unit node of the passenger car is calculated by taking the maximum electric field intensity E allowed by a residential area as an example, wherein the maximum electric field intensity E is 4000V/m, and the node position and the node number are completely consistent with those when the charge density is solved. The open-circuit voltage U of the passenger car can be calculated by numerical integration of the formula (4)oc＝2.81kV。
A finite element model of the passenger car in a uniform electric field is established through ANSYS, the voltage of the surface of the car can be obtained through simulation, the voltage is 2990kV, and the relative error between a numerical calculation result and a simulation result is 6.1%.
Taking herein the ground capacitance C of the tiret670 pF; contact resistance Rg1k Ω; human body capacitance Cb35 pF; resistance of human body Rb1k Ω. C is to bec＝2182pF、UocThe magnitude of the steady state contact current calculated by substituting 2.81kV and the above empirical values into the circuit shown in fig. 1 is 306.23 ua.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An equivalent circuit, characterized in that it comprises at least:
capacitance to ground C of passenger carCOpen circuit voltage U of passenger carocTire ground capacitance CtResistance R of tiretContact resistance RgHuman body equivalent capacitance CbEquivalent resistance R to human bodyb(ii) a Wherein:
the tire has a ground capacitance CtAnd resistance R of the tiretForming a first parallel circuit;
the human body equivalent capacitance CbEquivalent resistance R to human bodybForming a second parallel circuit;
open circuit voltage U of the passenger carocThe negative pole end of the bus is grounded, and the open-circuit voltage U of the busocThe positive terminal of the bus sequentially passes through the ground capacitor C of the busCThe first parallel circuit is grounded;
open circuit voltage U of the passenger carocThe positive terminal of the bus sequentially passes through the ground capacitor C of the busCSwitch S, contact resistance RgAnd one end of the second parallel circuit is connected, and the other end of the second parallel circuit is grounded.
2. The equivalent circuit of claim 1, wherein R ist>>1/ωCtThe contact resistance RgThevenin equivalent voltage U on one sideThevininComprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002914010340000011
the contact resistance RgEquivalent impedance Z of one sideeqComprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002914010340000012
according to ohm' S law, the steady contact current I flowing through the switch SgThe expression of (a) is:
Figure FDA0002914010340000013
3. a steady-state current calculation method when a person comes into contact with a vehicle based on the equivalent circuit of claim 2, comprising:
s1, calculating the voltage of the suspension conductor to the ground; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the expression of the voltage to ground of a suspended conductor under an alternating-current high-voltage transmission line is as follows:
Figure FDA0002914010340000014
dividing the surface of the suspended conductor into finite units, selecting some integration points in the units, solving the numerical values of the integrand on the integration points, then multiplying the numerical values by weight factors, and then solving the integration to obtain an integral value;
s2, constructing an equivalent circuit of claim 1;
s3, calculating the steady-state contact current I between the passenger and the passenger car through ohm' S theoremgOf (c) is used.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein in S1, the finite unit is a triangle; at this time, the formula of the two-dimensional gaussian integral is:
Figure FDA0002914010340000021
5. the method for calculating a steady-state current when a person comes into contact with a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the continuous integration of equation (4) is a numerical integration of equation (6) by using a triangle unit two-dimensional Gaussian integration method in which the number of integration points is 1:
Figure FDA0002914010340000022
wherein S isiIs the area of the triangular cell i, ViRepresenting the voltage at the integration point on the cell i,
Figure FDA0002914010340000023
to representThe charge density at the integration point.
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JP2005140701A (en) * 2003-11-07 2005-06-02 Nippon Soken Inc Noncontact type approaching object detector for vehicle
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CN110096780A (en) * 2019-04-23 2019-08-06 西安交通大学 A kind of super capacitor single order RC network equivalent circuit and parameter determination method
CN111308369A (en) * 2020-03-25 2020-06-19 中航锂电（洛阳）有限公司 Battery system performance analysis circuit, method, system and storage medium

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1167986A2 (en) * 2000-06-27 2002-01-02 Norscan Instruments, Ltd. Open cable locating for sheathed cables
JP2005140701A (en) * 2003-11-07 2005-06-02 Nippon Soken Inc Noncontact type approaching object detector for vehicle
CN103344810A (en) * 2013-06-25 2013-10-09 国家电网公司 Method for calculating electric shock effects of vehicle on human body under high-voltage alternating current transmission line
CN108471121A (en) * 2018-03-14 2018-08-31 国家电网公司华中分部 A kind of optimization method that induction conductivity unstable equilibrium point solves
CN110096780A (en) * 2019-04-23 2019-08-06 西安交通大学 A kind of super capacitor single order RC network equivalent circuit and parameter determination method
CN111308369A (en) * 2020-03-25 2020-06-19 中航锂电（洛阳）有限公司 Battery system performance analysis circuit, method, system and storage medium

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