CN112462316B - Pre-charge reference voltage calibration method, detection and control method, medium and system - Google Patents
Pre-charge reference voltage calibration method, detection and control method, medium and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112462316B CN112462316B CN202110115169.1A CN202110115169A CN112462316B CN 112462316 B CN112462316 B CN 112462316B CN 202110115169 A CN202110115169 A CN 202110115169A CN 112462316 B CN112462316 B CN 112462316B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
Abstract
A pre-charging reference voltage calibration method, a detection and control method, a medium and a system relate to the technical field of pre-charging of electric automobiles. The calibration method of the reference voltage in the pre-charging state of the electric vehicle comprises the steps that the reference voltage is used for comparing and judging whether pre-charging is in fault or not, pre-charging is carried out on a test resistor, the voltages at two ends of the test resistor are detected twice before and after within the preset time after pre-charging is started, and then the steady-state voltage corresponding to the test resistor is obtained according to the voltages detected twice; pre-charging test resistors with different resistance values respectively to obtain a plurality of steady-state voltages; the maximum steady state voltage obtained is selected as the reference voltage. Because the short detection is carried out twice in sequence when the pre-charging is started, if the voltages corresponding to the corresponding resistors at different moments are the same, the corresponding test resistors are very small, the pre-charging state is abnormal, and the pre-charging fault can be fed back earlier and accurately.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobile pre-charging.
Background
Electric automobile is at the in-process that starts, in the twinkling of an eye that switches on, the impedance of copper bar and relay is very little in the return circuit, so have a big impulse current, consequently can appear overflowing the heat production and lead to main positive, negative relay adhesion damage. The electric vehicle is usually subjected to a pre-charging process during a high-voltage power-on operation.
When the pre-charging resistor and the load resistor are normal, the pre-charging process can be normally finished when the load voltage reaches a set value, and then the main relay is closed to finish the starting process of the electric automobile.
However, since the external electrical appliance may change, the load resistance may become small, and then, under the condition that the load resistance is small, the voltage division of the load is also small, and the pre-charge voltage cannot reach the set threshold value all the time, so that the pre-charge voltage is kept in the pre-charge state all the time, and the pre-charge resistance is damaged due to serious heating. And because the pre-charge resistance is generally installed inside the battery package, when the pre-charge resistance is damaged, the whole battery needs to be replaced, and the maintenance cost is high and unsafe.
In order to avoid the above-mentioned situations in the prior art, the method adopted is that after a preset period of time, the voltage at two ends of the load is detected, and the pre-charging process is completed by finding that the pre-charging voltage set value can not be reached, the pre-charging relay is disconnected, and the pre-charging state is ended.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a calibration method, a pre-charge state detection method, a pre-charge control method, a computer readable storage medium and a system for a pre-charge state reference voltage of an electric vehicle, which can detect a pre-charge fault earlier and more accurately.
In view of the above, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions.
1. The calibration method of the reference voltage in the pre-charging state of the electric vehicle is characterized in that the reference voltage is used for comparing and judging whether the pre-charging is in failure or not,
starting pre-charging, detecting the voltage at two ends of the test resistor twice in a preset time after the pre-charging is started, and respectively recording the voltage as U1、U2If U is present1And U2The difference value delta U between the two is within a preset range according to U1And U2Obtaining the steady state voltage U corresponding to the test resistanceWThe test resistance is a resistance serving as a load;
pre-charging by using test resistors with various resistance values to obtain a plurality of steady-state voltages UW；
Selecting the maximum steady-state voltage UWIs marked as UWMAXAccording to UWMAXAnd obtaining the reference voltage.
The precharge failure is caused by insufficient voltage division due to the small resistance of the test resistor, and the steady-state voltage can be reached very quickly because the abnormal test resistors are all small resistances. When the short detection is carried out twice at a short interval in sequence at the beginning of the pre-charging, the voltages corresponding to the corresponding resistors at different moments are the same, which shows that the corresponding test resistors are very small, and the pre-charging is quitted as early as possible if the corresponding test resistors are in an abnormal pre-charging state of the electric automobile. The precharge failure can be fed back earlier and without any inaccuracy.
2. The method for calibrating the reference voltage in the pre-charging state of the electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the first step is selected within a preset time after the pre-charging is startedThe voltages at two ends of the test resistor detected for the first time and the second time are respectively marked as U1、U2。
3. The method for detecting the pre-charging state of the electric vehicle comprises the steps of detecting the voltage drop of the overall load of the electric vehicle at a preset moment after pre-charging is started, comparing the voltage drop with a reference voltage, judging that the pre-charging state is normal if the voltage drop is larger than the reference voltage, and judging that the pre-charging state is a pre-charging fault if the voltage drop is not larger than the reference voltage, wherein the reference voltage is obtained by applying the method for calibrating the reference voltage in the pre-charging state of the electric vehicle, which.
4. The electric vehicle comprises a power supply line and a pre-charging line, the pre-charging line is connected with the power supply line in parallel, after pre-charging is started, the electric vehicle pre-charging state detection method of the technical scheme 3 is applied to detect the pre-charging state, if the pre-charging state is normal, the power supply line is conducted and the pre-charging line is disconnected after the voltage drop of the overall load of the electric vehicle reaches an electrifying threshold value, and if the pre-charging is in failure, the pre-charging line and the power supply line are disconnected.
5. According to the electric vehicle pre-charging control method in the technical scheme 4, the power-on threshold is eta USWherein eta is 90%, USIs the load supply voltage.
6. According to the electric vehicle pre-charging control method in the technical scheme 4, the maximum pre-charging time is set, and after the pre-charging process is judged to be normal by applying the detection method in the technical scheme 3, the pre-charging is maintained, but the pre-charging time is not more than or equal to the maximum pre-charging time, otherwise, the pre-charging line and the power supply line are disconnected.
7. According to the electric vehicle pre-charging control method in claim 6, the maximum pre-charging time is the time when the load power supply voltage is accessed and the pre-charging resistor is short-circuited, and the pre-charging resistor is damaged due to overheating.
8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed, is capable of implementing the method for calibrating a reference voltage in a pre-charging state of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, the method for detecting a pre-charging state of an electric vehicle according to claim 3, or the method for controlling pre-charging of an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 4 to 7.
9. The electric vehicle pre-charging system comprises a processor and a computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium is the computer readable storage medium described in claim 8, and the processor can execute a computer program stored in the computer readable storage medium.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the precharge circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for calibrating a reference voltage in a pre-charging state of an electric vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a pre-charge control method according to the present invention;
in the figure: the system comprises a voltage acquisition unit 1, a CAN line 2 and an electric vehicle pre-charging system 3.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the pre-charging is started, and the preset time after the pre-charging is started is the maximum pre-charging time, where the maximum pre-charging time is the time when the load power is connected and the pre-charging resistor is short-circuited, and the pre-charging resistor is damaged due to overheating.
The voltage across the test resistor is detected twice before and after 100ms interval, and the voltage across the test resistor is also the voltage across the capacitor C1. T is1、T2The earliest two detection moments, i.e. the first and second detection moments, T1、T2The detection voltages corresponding to the time are respectively marked as U1、U2Wherein the resistance R is testedLIs a resistor acting as a load. Since there are errors in the measured values due to various factors in the circuitry, if U is considered after the errors1And U2The difference between them, Δ U, is within a predetermined range, i.e., the phase difference is within 0-1V, as shown by T on the left of the reference voltage sampling point in fig. 21、T2The points coincident with each other indicate that the signal is at T1,T2Has reached a steady-state voltage UWAccording to U1And U2Obtaining the resistance R of the testLCorresponding steady state voltage UW(ii) a Test resistors R with different resistance valuesLRespectively carry out the pre-treatmentCharging to obtain multiple steady-state voltages UW。
Selecting the maximum steady-state voltage UWIs marked as UWMAXI.e. the reference voltage value point in FIG. 2, according to UWMAXAnd obtaining the reference voltage, wherein the reference voltage can be used for comparing and judging whether the pre-charging is in fault or not. Because the precharge failure is due to the test resistor RLIs caused by insufficient voltage division due to small resistance, and is due to abnormal test resistance RLAre all small resistors and therefore can reach steady state voltage very quickly. When the detection that the interval is short is carried out twice at the beginning of the pre-charging, the voltages corresponding to the corresponding resistors at different moments are the same, which shows that the corresponding test resistors RLAnd if the voltage is very small, the electric automobile is in an abnormal pre-charging state, so that the pre-charging is quitted as soon as possible, and the pre-charging fault is fed back.
The method for detecting the pre-charging state of the electric vehicle comprises the following steps of detecting the voltage drop of the overall load of the electric vehicle through the voltage acquisition unit 1 at a preset time after pre-charging is started, comparing the voltage drop with a reference voltage, judging that the pre-charging is successful if the voltage drop is greater than the reference voltage, otherwise judging that the pre-charging is failed, wherein the preset time is T2At the moment, the reference voltage is obtained by applying a calibration method of the reference voltage in the pre-charging state of the electric vehicle.
As shown in fig. 3, the electric vehicle pre-charging control method includes a procedure that the electric vehicle includes a power supply line and a pre-charging line, the pre-charging line is connected in parallel with the power supply line, the pre-charging line is closed to start pre-charging, after the pre-charging is started, the pre-charging state is detected by using the above-mentioned electric vehicle pre-charging state detection method, and if the pre-charging fails, the pre-charging line and the power supply line are.
And if the pre-charging state is normal, after the voltage drop of the total load of the electric vehicle reaches the power-on threshold value, the power supply line is switched on and the pre-charging line is switched off. The pre-charging time is the time for waiting for the voltage drop of the total load of the electric vehicle to reach the power-on threshold, the pre-charging time is not more than or equal to the maximum pre-charging time, and otherwise, the pre-charging line and the power supply line are disconnected.
The electric vehicle pre-charging system 3 includes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed, implements an electric vehicle pre-charging control method, a processor, not shown in the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, when the electric vehicle needs to be powered up at a high voltage, the electric vehicle pre-charging system 3 will first control the pre-charging relay K2And a relay K3Actuation is started through the pre-charging resistor RYAnd line resistance RXAnd capacitor C1. When the voltage acquisition unit 1 acquires the test resistor RLWhen the voltages at the two ends reach the power-on threshold value, the voltages are transmitted to an electric vehicle pre-charging system 3 through a CAN line 2, and the electric vehicle pre-charging system 3 enables a pre-charging relay K2Open circuit and suction main relay K1Wherein the power-on threshold is η USWherein eta is 90%, USIs the load supply voltage. If the resistance R is testedLWhen the voltage is too small, the partial voltage is also very small and can not reach the power-on threshold all the time, so that the voltage is always precharged, and the precharging resistor R is easily causedYIt is damaged by long-term heating.
Therefore, the electric vehicle pre-charging system 3 executes various methods stored in a computer readable storage medium through a processor, selects a reference voltage through a calibration method of the reference voltage in the pre-charging state of the electric vehicle, detects the current pre-charging state through a detection method of the pre-charging state of the electric vehicle, controls the pre-charging of the electric vehicle through a pre-charging control method of the electric vehicle, and combines the above measures to avoid the problem of pre-charging failure caused by the fact that the power-on threshold value cannot be reached all the time, and can know whether the pre-charging fails or not more early and accurately.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A calibration method of a reference voltage in a pre-charging state of an electric vehicle is provided, wherein the reference voltage is used for comparing and judging whether the pre-charging is in failure or not, and is characterized in that,
starting pre-charging, detecting the voltage at two ends of the test resistor twice in a preset time after the pre-charging is started, and respectively recording the voltage as U1、U2If U is present1And U2The difference between the values is within 0-1V, based on U1And U2Obtaining the steady state voltage U corresponding to the test resistanceWThe test resistance is a resistance serving as a load;
pre-charging by using test resistors with various resistance values to obtain a plurality of steady-state voltages UW；
Selecting the maximum steady-state voltage UWIs marked as UWMAXAccording to UWMAXAnd obtaining the reference voltage.
2. The method for calibrating the reference voltage in the pre-charging state of the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the voltages at two ends of the test resistor detected for the first time and the second time are respectively marked as U within a preset time after the pre-charging is started1、U2。
3. A method for detecting the pre-charging state of an electric vehicle is characterized in that after pre-charging is started, the voltage drop of the overall load of the electric vehicle is detected at a preset moment, the voltage drop is compared with a reference voltage, if the voltage drop is larger than the reference voltage, the pre-charging state is determined to be normal, otherwise, the pre-charging fault is determined, and the reference voltage is obtained by applying the method for calibrating the reference voltage in the pre-charging state of the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1.
4. A pre-charging control method for an electric vehicle, wherein the electric vehicle comprises a power supply line and a pre-charging line, and the pre-charging line is connected with the power supply line in parallel, and the method is characterized in that after pre-charging is started, the pre-charging state is detected by applying the method for detecting the pre-charging state of the electric vehicle according to claim 3, if the pre-charging state is normal, the power supply line is switched on and the pre-charging line is switched off after the voltage drop of the overall load of the electric vehicle reaches an upper power-on threshold value.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the power-up threshold is η USWherein eta is 90%, USIs the load supply voltage.
6. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein a maximum precharging time period is set, and after the detection method as claimed in claim 3 is applied to determine that the precharging state is normal, precharging is maintained, but the precharging time period is not greater than or equal to the maximum precharging time period, otherwise, the precharging line and the power supply line are disconnected.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the maximum precharging period is a time when the load power voltage is applied and the precharging resistor is short-circuited, and the precharging resistor is over-thermally damaged.
8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed, implements the method for calibrating a reference voltage for a pre-charge state of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, the method for detecting a pre-charge state of an electric vehicle according to claim 3, or the method for controlling pre-charge of an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 4 to 7.
9. A pre-charging system for an electric vehicle, comprising a processor and a computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium is the computer readable storage medium of claim 8, and wherein the processor is operable to execute a computer program stored in the computer readable storage medium.
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