CN112462168A - Rapid air interface testing method based on electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface - Google Patents
Rapid air interface testing method based on electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A quick empty port test method based on an electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface comprises the following steps; step 1: the method comprises the following steps that an electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface is arranged on one or more cavity walls of a reverberation chamber, wherein the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface is an electromagnetic super surface and has two working modes of total reflection and total absorption; step 2: putting a reference antenna and a plurality of devices to be tested which are required by the test into a reverberation chamber, and controlling the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface to work in a total reflection mode in the step 1 through a program to complete the reference test; and step 3: the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface in the step 2 is switched to work in a full absorption mode through a program, and after a certain time, the wave-absorbing super-surface is switched back to a total reflection mode to complete the test of the appointed equipment to be tested; and 4, step 4: and (5) repeating the step (3) until the test of all the devices to be tested is completed. The invention can obviously shorten the total time of air interface test and quickly finish the air interface test of a plurality of devices to be tested on the premise of not influencing the uncertainty of measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave reverberation chambers, in particular to a quick air interface testing method based on an electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface.
Background
With the development of wireless communication technology, machine-to-machine and internet of things technologies have been widely applied to various fields (manufacturing industry, transportation industry, medical industry, education industry, agriculture and the like), and wireless communication devices with different sizes, different functions and different working frequency bands appear in daily life of people, such as an automobile GPS system, a cargo tracking system, a wearable medical monitoring system, an intelligent home system and the like. Therefore, the air interface testing technology of wireless devices is receiving attention in the industry and academia, and especially for large-sized wireless devices, research on accurate and fast air interface testing technology is urgent.
The air interface test mainly comprises the technologies of a multi-probe microwave darkroom, a radiation two-step method, a reverberation room and the like. The multi-probe microwave darkroom is expensive in manufacturing cost and is not suitable for air interface test of large-size communication equipment. The radiation two-step approach requires that the device under test have a chip that supports measuring the radiation pattern, whereas many machine-to-machine communication devices do not have such a chip. The multi-probe microwave darkroom and radiation two-step method is mainly used for testing small-sized mobile terminal equipment such as a multi-antenna mobile phone, and in contrast, the reverberation room has the characteristics of large testing area, low construction cost, high testing efficiency, good reproducibility and the like, so that the reverberation room becomes a large-size equipment air interface testing technology which is only programmed into the international wireless communication and internet association testing plan.
The microwave reverberation chamber is a large metal cavity, and a spatially uniform, isotropic and randomly polarized electromagnetic field is generated in a working area in the cavity by different stirring methods. The reverberation chamber is an emerging electromagnetic test environment and is firstly applied to electromagnetic compatibility test. In recent years, the reverberation room is widely focused and applied to air interface tests with its unique advantages, and the development is rapid, but some problems still remain to be solved. For machine-to-machine and internet-of-things communication equipment, the total radiated power and the total omnidirectional sensitivity are the most central parameter indexes for measuring the performance, and therefore the test is particularly important.
The reverberation chamber based total radiated power test consists of two steps: 1) reference test, in which a reference antenna (known in radiation efficiency) and a communication antenna are used as a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, respectively, was performed, and the S parameter (S) was recorded during the entire stirring process21,S11And S22) And obtaining a power transfer function of the reverberation chamber; 2) testing of the device to be testedThe comprehensive tester controls the equipment to be tested to radiate with the maximum radiation power, the communication antenna receives the radiation power, and the receiving power of the communication antenna at each stirring position is recorded. And calculating to obtain the total radiation power of the equipment to be tested according to the measured power transfer function of the reverberation chamber and the receiving power of the communication antenna.
The total isotropic sensitivity test based on a reverberation chamber also consists of two steps: 1) reference test, in which a reference antenna (known in radiation efficiency) and a communication antenna are used as a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna, respectively, was performed, and the S parameter (S) was recorded during the entire stirring process21,S11And S22) And obtaining a power transfer function of the reverberation chamber; 2) and testing the equipment to be tested, adjusting the radiation power of the communication antenna through the comprehensive tester at each stirring position, receiving by the equipment to be tested, and recording the radiation power of the communication antenna at the moment when the error rate (or the throughput of the whole communication system) of a received signal of the equipment to be tested reaches a specified threshold value. And calculating to obtain the total omnidirectional sensitivity of the equipment to be tested according to the measured power transfer function of the reverberation chamber and the radiation power of the communication antenna.
The existing reverberation room method for testing total radiation power (total omnidirectional sensitivity) has at least the following problems:
the total radiation power (total omnidirectional sensitivity) of only one wireless device can be tested in one complete test process, and when a plurality of devices are tested, the reverberation chamber is required to be opened and closed for many times, and the devices to be tested are required to be replaced manually, so that the automation degree of the test is seriously influenced, and the test time is prolonged. If the equipment to be tested is completely arranged in the reverberation chamber, although the reverberation chamber does not need to be switched on or off for equipment replacement, the reverberation chamber is a high-Q-value closed metal cavity, so that after the test of each piece of equipment is finished, the radiated energy dissipation speed is slow, the waiting time is long for avoiding the interference of the equipment to the test of the next piece of equipment, and the test time is also prolonged. If a wave-absorbing material is loaded into the reverberation chamber in order to increase the energy dissipation rate, the reverberation characteristics of the reverberation chamber are inevitably deteriorated (the quality factor is reduced), and the uncertainty of the measurement is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides a quick air interface test method based on an electrically-adjustable wave-absorbing super-surface, which applies the electrically-adjustable wave-absorbing super-surface technology to a reverberation room and performs air interface tests on a plurality of devices to be tested.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a quick empty port test method based on an electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface comprises the following steps;
step 1: the method comprises the following steps that an electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface is arranged on one or more cavity walls of a reverberation chamber, wherein the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface is an electromagnetic super surface and has two working modes of total reflection and total absorption;
step 2: putting a reference antenna and a plurality of devices to be tested which are required by the test into a reverberation chamber, and controlling the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface to work in a total reflection mode in the step 1 through a program to complete the reference test;
and step 3: the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface in the step 2 is switched to work in a full absorption mode through a program, and after a certain time, the wave-absorbing super-surface is switched back to a total reflection mode to complete the test of the appointed equipment to be tested;
and 4, step 4: and (5) repeating the step (3) until the test of all the devices to be tested is completed.
The electromagnetic super-surface is composed of a certain number of electromagnetic super-surface units, the certain number depends on a tested frequency range and required wave-absorbing capacity, the wave-absorbing capacity is stronger when the number is larger, and the maximum value depends on the size of the cavity wall of a deployed reverberation chamber.
And 3, the magnitude of certain time in the step 3 is microsecond, and the identification and the control are carried out by a program.
The electrically tunable wave absorbing super surface is formed by closely and periodically arranging 18 multiplied by 18 super surface units, and each super surface unit is loaded with four switch diodes.
When the switch diode works in an 'on' state, the impedance is inductive, and the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface works in a 'full absorption' mode; when the tunable wave-absorbing super-surface works in an off state, the impedance is capacitive, and the tunable wave-absorbing super-surface works in a total reflection mode.
The electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface always works in a total reflection mode in the air interface test process.
The reverberation chamber is internally provided with two mechanical stirrers and a mechanical rotary table, the mechanical stirrers are arranged in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction, a plurality of height-adjustable supports are arranged on the rotary table, the supports deviate from the center of the rotary table by 20cm and are distributed on the rotary table at equal intervals, communication antennas are arranged on the cavity wall of the reverberation chamber, the communication antennas are standard horn antennas, reference antennas are discone antennas, the discone antennas and equipment to be tested are arranged on different supports, and the electrically adjustable wave-absorbing super surface is arranged on one cavity wall of the reverberation chamber.
The reference antenna and the communication antenna are respectively used as a transmitting (receiving) antenna and a receiving (transmitting) antenna in a reference test of a total radiation power (total radiation sensitivity) test and are connected to two ports of a network analyzer, the communication antenna is connected with the comprehensive tester in a test of equipment to be tested, the stirrer and the rotary table are connected with the motor, and the network analyzer, the comprehensive tester, the motor and the external circuit are controlled by the industrial personal computer so as to control the acquisition and storage of S parameters of the transmitting and receiving antenna, the acquisition and storage of the receiving and transmitting power of the communication antenna, the rotation of the stirrer and the rotary table and the switching of the working modes of the wave-absorbing super-surface.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the quick air interface test method can quickly dissipate the energy stored in the reverberation chamber on the premise of not influencing the uncertainty of measurement by deploying the electrically adjustable wave-absorbing super surface in the reverberation chamber, thereby not only avoiding the influence of the energy which is not dissipated in the reverberation chamber on the next air interface test, but also effectively shortening the time between the two air interface tests;
2. the electric adjustable wave-absorbing super surface adopted by the quick air interface test method has two working modes, and the electric adjustable wave-absorbing super surface always works in a total reflection mode in the air interface test process, so that the measurement uncertainty is not influenced. In addition, the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface occupies small space, and the working area of a reverberation chamber cannot be reduced.
3. The quick air interface test method adopts program control to switch the working mode of the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface, the mode switching is simple and efficient, manual intervention is not needed, and the air interface test time of a plurality of devices is greatly shortened. The quick air interface test method can also be applied to other reverberation room tests needing accelerated energy dissipation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface adopted in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of a super-surface unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows simulation results of S11 parameters and absorption rate of the electrically tunable wave-absorbing meta-surface in a total reflection mode under plane wave incidence.
Fig. 4 shows simulation results of S11 parameters and absorption rate of the electrically tunable wave-absorbing meta-surface in a fully absorbing mode under planar wave incidence.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an overall test environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a result of an actual test of an attenuation constant of a reverberation chamber of the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface adopted in the embodiment of the present invention in two working modes.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The wave-absorbing super surface capable of electrically tuning adopted by the invention is shown in figure 1, and the wave-absorbing super surface capable of electrically tuning is formed by closely and periodically arranging 18 multiplied by 18 super surface units, and the size is 500mm multiplied by 5.5 mm. Each super-surface unit is loaded with four switch diodes, as shown in fig. 2, when the switch diodes work in an "on" state, the impedance is inductive, and the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface works in a "full absorption" mode; when the tunable wave-absorbing super-surface works in an off state, the impedance is capacitive, and the tunable wave-absorbing super-surface works in a total reflection mode. The external circuit is controlled through a program, the on-off state of the diode is switched, the equivalent circuit is changed, and then the switching of the electric-tunable wave-absorbing super-surface working mode is controlled.
The simulation results of the absorption and reflection capabilities of the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface adopted by the invention on incident plane waves in two working modes of 'total absorption' and 'total reflection' are shown in fig. 3 and 4. It can be seen that: when the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface works in a full-absorption mode, in a frequency band range of 2.35GHz-2.5GHz, the S11 parameter is less than-10 dB, the minimum value is close to-30 dB, and the corresponding absorption rate is greater than 90%; when the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface works in a 'total reflection' mode, in a frequency band range of 2.35GHz-2.5GHz, the S11 parameter is larger than-2.5 dB and is close to 0dB, and the corresponding absorption rate is smaller than 30%. Simulation results show that in a specified working frequency range, the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface can meet design requirements in two working modes.
The overall test environment for an embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 5, with a reverberation chamber of 1.50m x 1.44m x 0.92m in size, in which two mechanical agitators (one horizontal and one vertical) and one mechanical turntable are mounted. The turntable is provided with a plurality of height-adjustable supports which are 20cm (the diameter of the turntable is 60cm) away from the center of the turntable and are distributed on the turntable at equal intervals. The method comprises the steps that a standard horn antenna is selected as a communication antenna, a discone antenna is selected as a reference antenna, and the discone antenna and equipment to be tested are installed on different supports. The electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface is arranged on one cavity wall of the reverberation chamber.
The reference antenna and the communication antenna are respectively used as a transmitting (receiving) antenna and a receiving (transmitting) antenna and are connected to two ports of the network analyzer, the stirrer and the rotary table are connected with the motor, the network analyzer, the motor and the external circuit can be controlled through the industrial personal computer, and then the acquisition and storage of S parameters of the transmitting and receiving antenna, the rotation of the stirrer and the rotary table and the switching of the working modes of the wave-absorbing super-surface are controlled.
The testing frequency band of the embodiment of the invention is 2.3 GHz-2.6 GHz, the stirrer and the turntable rotate independently, and 50 and 20 positions are respectively arranged in one rotation, namely 1000 stirring positions are tested at one time; the position of the transmitting antenna (standard horn antenna) remains unchanged throughout the test.
In order to verify the effectiveness of the fast air interface test method, the embodiment of the invention respectively tests the wave-absorbing super surface without electric modulation and the wave-absorbing super surface with electric modulation in a reverberation chamber (working in two modes):
1. when no electrically tunable wave absorbing super surface exists in the reverberation chamber, testing is carried out to obtain 1000 groups of experimental data;
2. deploying the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface on a certain cavity wall of a reverberation chamber, controlling the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface to work in a 'total reflection' mode, and testing to obtain 1000 groups of experimental data;
3. the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface is switched by a program to work in a 'full absorption' mode for testing, and 1000 groups of experimental data are obtained.
The experimental data comprises S of the whole test frequency band21、S11And S22And (4) parameters.
And respectively processing experimental data in two working modes of the wave-absorbing super surface without the electric adjustable wave-absorbing super surface and the wave-absorbing super surface with the electric adjustable wave-absorbing. The Power Delay Profile (PDP) of the reverberation chamber is calculated according to the following equation (1), and the decay time of the reverberation chamber is calculated by equation (2). The loading state of the reverberation chamber is fixed, the decay time is a fixed value, the decay time reflects the dissipation speed of the energy stored in the reverberation chamber, and the larger the value is, the faster the dissipation speed of the energy is indicated.
Wherein S is11(f) And S21(f) Respectively is the S of the f frequency point recorded by the network analyzer11And S21The parameters, IFFT represents the inverse fast fourier transform algorithm,<·>Nthis represents the statistical averaging of N samples, where N is 1000 in this example. ln represents the natural logarithm operation, slope operation solves ln by curve fitting (PDP (t))]The slope of the linear portion.
The decay time of the reverberation chamber under different scenes calculated by the formula (2) is shown in fig. 6, and it can be seen that: under two conditions that the wave-absorbing super-surface without electric regulation and the wave-absorbing super-surface with electric regulation work in a 'total reflection' mode in the reverberation chamber, the decay time of the reverberation chamber is almost consistent, namely the wave-absorbing super-surface with electric regulation can work normally in the 'total reflection' mode, and extra uncertainty can not be introduced into the reverberation chamber. When the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface works in a full-absorption mode, the attenuation time of the reverberation chamber is remarkably prolonged, the dissipation speed of energy in the reverberation chamber is effectively accelerated, and the time of air interface tests of a plurality of devices is further shortened.
Claims (8)
1. A quick empty port test method based on an electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface is characterized by comprising the following steps;
step 1: the method comprises the following steps that an electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface is arranged on one or more cavity walls of a reverberation chamber, wherein the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface is an electromagnetic super surface and has two working modes of total reflection and total absorption;
step 2: putting a reference antenna and a plurality of devices to be tested which are required by the test into a reverberation chamber, and controlling the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface to work in a total reflection mode in the step 1 through a program to complete the reference test;
and step 3: the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface in the step 2 is switched to work in a full absorption mode through a program, and after a certain time, the wave-absorbing super-surface is switched back to a total reflection mode to complete the test of the appointed equipment to be tested;
and 4, step 4: and (5) repeating the step (3) until the test of all the devices to be tested is completed.
2. The fast air interface testing method based on the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic super-surface is composed of a certain number of electromagnetic super-surface units, the certain number depends on a tested frequency range and required wave-absorbing capacity, the more the number is, the stronger the wave-absorbing capacity is, and the maximum value thereof depends on the size of the cavity wall of the deployed reverberation chamber.
3. The fast air interface testing method based on the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface according to claim 1, characterized in that the certain time in step 3 is in the order of microseconds, and is identified and controlled by a program.
4. The fast air interface testing method based on the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface is formed by closely and periodically arranging 18 x 18 super surface units, and each super surface unit is loaded with four switching diodes.
5. The fast air interface testing method based on the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface according to claim 4, characterized in that when the switch diode works in an "on" state, the impedance is inductive, and the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface works in a "full absorption" mode; when the tunable wave-absorbing super-surface works in an off state, the impedance is capacitive, and the tunable wave-absorbing super-surface works in a total reflection mode.
6. The fast air interface testing method based on the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface always works in a total reflection mode during the air interface testing process.
7. The fast air interface testing method based on the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface according to claim 1, characterized in that two mechanical stirrers and a mechanical turntable are assembled in the reverberation chamber, the mechanical stirrers are assembled in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction, a plurality of height-adjustable supports are assembled on the turntable, the supports are deviated from the center of the turntable by 20cm and are distributed on the turntable at equal intervals, communication antennas are deployed on the cavity wall of the reverberation chamber, the communication antennas are standard horn antennas, the reference antenna is a discone antenna, the discone antenna and the device to be tested are installed on different supports, and the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super-surface is installed on one of the cavity walls of the reverberation chamber.
8. The fast air interface testing method based on the electrically tunable wave-absorbing super surface according to claim 7, characterized in that the reference antenna and the communication antenna are respectively used as a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna in a reference test of a total radiation power test and connected to two ports of a network analyzer, the communication antenna is connected to a comprehensive tester in a test of a device to be tested, the stirrer and the turntable are connected to a motor, and the network analyzer, the comprehensive tester, the motor and an external circuit are controlled by an industrial personal computer, so as to control the collection and storage of S parameters of the transmitting and receiving antenna, the collection and storage of the receiving and transmitting power of the communication antenna, the rotation of the stirrer and the turntable, and the switching of the working modes of the wave-absorbing super surface.
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