CN112460605A - High-temperature incineration equipment for forward flow type mechanical grate furnace - Google Patents
High-temperature incineration equipment for forward flow type mechanical grate furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN112460605A CN112460605A CN202011388532.9A CN202011388532A CN112460605A CN 112460605 A CN112460605 A CN 112460605A CN 202011388532 A CN202011388532 A CN 202011388532A CN 112460605 A CN112460605 A CN 112460605A
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- grate
- furnace
- garbage
- reciprocating inclined
- temperature incineration
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature incineration device of a concurrent mechanical grate furnace, which comprises a feeding hopper, a material pushing device, a reciprocating inclined grate device, an air distribution device, a hydraulic driving device, a hearth, a slag falling port and a secondary combustion chamber, wherein the feeding hopper is arranged at the bottom of the feeding hopper; the feeding hopper is arranged above the pushing device and used for conveying the household garbage to the reciprocating inclined grate device through the pushing device; the furnace grates in the reciprocating inclined furnace grate device perform staggered movement, and the burnt-out garbage is pushed to be discharged out of the furnace hearth and then fall to a slag hole; the air distribution device is arranged at the lower part of the reciprocating inclined grate device and is used for inputting combustion air into the hearth to realize the mixing with garbage for high-temperature incineration; the hydraulic driving device is used for driving the pushing device and the reciprocating inclined grate device to move; a flue gas retaining wall is arranged in the secondary combustion chamber and used for accumulating solid-phase dioxin. The invention can meet the requirements of garbage processing capacity and flue gas emission on higher scale aiming at the characteristics of low heat value, complex components and high water content of rural domestic garbage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature incineration, in particular to high-efficiency flue gas concurrent flow type mechanical grate high-temperature furnace incineration equipment suitable for medium and small counties and towns.
Background
In 2019, the yield of 214 large and medium-sized domestic garbage in China is 18850.5 ten thousand tons, and according to the requirements of the national urban domestic garbage harmless treatment facility construction planning, the urban domestic garbage incineration capacity accounts for more than 50% of the harmless treatment capacity in 2020, the incineration facility construction capacity is up to 59.14 ten thousand tons/day, the proportion of the incineration facility to the construction task is up to 54%, and the new construction scale is up to 35.62 ten thousand tons/day. Meanwhile, the domestic garbage production amount of villages and towns is also a huge number, the domestic garbage production amount of typical rural and rural areas in China is about 0.4 kg/(man. d), which is about 1/3 of cities at present, and is still increased by about 8%, and the increasingly domestic garbage becomes a social problem which troubles the development of villages and towns, pollutes the rural environment and influences the lives of residents. The traditional garbage treatment processes such as landfill and compost cannot meet the requirement of daily garbage treatment, and particularly, the long-term pollution influence hidden danger of simple landfill in rural areas begins to appear. The garbage incineration treatment process for effectively realizing garbage reduction, harmlessness and recycling is a preferred scheme for solving the garbage problems in rural and rural areas at present. Meanwhile, the classification of the domestic garbage in rural areas and towns is promoted, and the realization of large-scale and economical centralized treatment is an urgent requirement for building clean and beautiful new rural areas.
At present, the high-temperature incineration equipment which is used for treating domestic garbage at home and abroad and has more application and more mature technology is a mechanical grate furnace, the treatment scale of a single equipment is more than or equal to 150t/d, and the high-temperature incineration equipment is developed rapidly in various regions. In remote mountain areas, areas with relatively backward economy, imperfect infrastructure and scattered population, the pyrolysis gasification treatment method suitable for treating rural domestic garbage is established at present, the single treatment scale is less than or equal to 15t/d, and certain development is achieved in each rural area. The technical Specification of municipal solid waste incineration treatment (CJJ90-2009), item 4.1.4, classifies the scale of waste incineration plants, wherein the minimum class III waste incineration plants require a total incineration capacity of 150-600 t/d (including 150t/d) throughout the plant. And operation experience of the waste incineration plant shows that under the condition of determining the total treatment scale, the larger the scale of a single waste incineration boiler is, the more economical the construction and operation of the incineration plant are.
The mechanical grate type waste incineration power generation technology has the advantages of large treatment capacity, higher operation reliability, short treatment period, remarkable reduction, thorough harmlessness, capability of recovering waste incineration heat and the like, and is suitable for large-scale treatment of unclassified high-calorific-value urban domestic garbage. In thousands of domestic waste incineration power plants built globally, the utilization rate of the mechanical incinerator is more than 80%, and the mechanical incinerator is the best treatment mode for domestic waste incineration power generation treatment at home and abroad at present.
The mechanical grate incineration technology originates from Europe and America, is widely used in the field of waste incineration, becomes a main furnace type of waste incineration, and through years of accumulation, the maximum treatment capacity of a single furnace reaches 1200 t/d. The technical level of German Martin and Japan mitsubishi company, Hitachi shipbuilding and German SteinMiller company and Belgium Cigers incineration power generation equipment is in the front of the world, and the product has the characteristics of stable combustion, high automation degree and full combustion.
Enterprises for producing mechanical grate incineration power generation equipment in China mainly have three peaks in Chongqing, big light, international and green power and the like, but a single incinerator has relatively small treatment scale and unsatisfactory combustion effect. The large-scale domestic waste incineration power plant of over thousand tons mainly introduces foreign technologies and equipment, needs to spend a large amount of foreign exchange introduction technologies, waste incinerators and other core equipment, but has higher equipment cost and operation cost, and has low adaptability to the characteristics of low calorific value, high moisture content and the like of domestic waste mixed and collected in small and medium-sized counties and towns in China. Driven by capital gains, such enterprises are mainly based on medium and large-sized cities, and do not relate to garbage disposal blocks in medium and small county cities and towns.
Due to the geographical imbalance of the long-term urban and rural binary system and economic development, the standardized and large-scale treatment of domestic garbage in cities, counties and towns of middle and small counties in remote areas is lacked, and the problem of domestic garbage pollution needs to be solved urgently. However, due to the regulation limitation and the traffic condition, such areas basically do not have the waste incineration power plants with the scale of more than 150t/d, firstly, the traffic is inconvenient, the transportation cost is huge, and secondly, due to the limitation of the population scale, the quantity of the waste in the areas can not meet the quantity requirement of the waste incineration power plants with the scale of more than 150 t/d. As for domestic garbage treatment equipment in small and medium-sized counties and towns, no better choice exists in the market, and the market is urgently required to develop 15 t/d-150 t/d high-temperature incineration equipment to meet the requirements of higher-scale garbage treatment capacity and smoke emission.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide high-efficiency flue gas concurrent type mechanical grate furnace incineration equipment suitable for medium and small county cities and connected towns, the equipment is suitable for high-efficiency flue gas concurrent type mechanical grate furnace incineration of the medium and small county cities and connected towns, and pilot test tests prove that the equipment has obvious effect and excellent social benefit and economic benefit, and provides a choice for a main incineration system in the field of garbage incineration between 15t/d and 150 t/d.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a concurrent flow type mechanical grate furnace high-temperature incineration device comprises a feeding hopper (1), a material pushing device (2), a reciprocating inclined grate device (3), an air distribution device (4), a hydraulic driving device (5), a hearth (6), a slag falling port (7) and a secondary combustion chamber (8);
the feeding hopper (1) is arranged above the pushing device (2) and is used for conveying the household garbage to the reciprocating inclined grate device (3) through the pushing device (2);
the grates in the reciprocating inclined grate device (3) move in a staggered manner, and the burnt-out garbage is pushed to be discharged out of the hearth (6) and then falls to a slag hole (7);
the air distribution device (4) is arranged at the lower part of the reciprocating inclined grate device (3) and is used for inputting combustion air into the hearth to realize mixing with garbage and carrying out high-temperature incineration;
the hydraulic driving device (5) is used for driving the pushing device (2) and the reciprocating inclined grate device (3) to move;
a flue gas retaining wall is arranged in the secondary combustion chamber (8) and used for accumulating solid-phase dioxin.
One or more embodiments of the present invention may have the following advantages over the prior art:
can be suitable for small and medium-sized cities and towns, and fills the gap of high-efficiency harmless treatment technology between the scale of garbage incineration power generation (more than 150t/d) and the scale of pyrolysis gasification (15t/d) of domestic garbage in rural areas and towns.
Can meet the requirements of higher-scale garbage treatment capacity and flue gas emission aiming at the characteristics of low heat value, complex components and high water content of rural domestic garbage.
The treatment scale can be more reasonable, and the treatment energy consumption, efficiency, investment cost and the like can be better controlled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an environment-friendly high-temperature incineration device of a household garbage concurrent type mechanical grate furnace;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a plan structure of a furnace;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the reciprocating inclined grate apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the drop height of the pusher and the reciprocating grate;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of the wind distribution device;
fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of the second combustion chamber.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the three-dimensional structure of the environment-friendly high-temperature incineration equipment for the mechanical downstream type grate furnace of the domestic garbage comprises a feeding hopper 1, a material pushing device 2, a reciprocating inclined grate device 3, an air distribution device 4, a hydraulic driving device 5, a hearth 6, a slag falling port 7 and a secondary combustion chamber 8;
the feeding hopper 1 is arranged above the pushing device 2 and used for conveying the household garbage to the reciprocating inclined grate device 3 through the pushing device 2;
the grates in the reciprocating inclined grate device 3 move in a staggered manner, and the burnt-out garbage is pushed to be discharged out of the hearth 6 and then falls to a slag hole 7;
the air distribution device 4 is arranged at the lower part of the reciprocating inclined grate device 3 and is used for conveying combustion air into the hearth so as to realize the mixing with garbage for high-temperature incineration;
the hydraulic driving device 5 is used for driving the pushing device 2 and the reciprocating inclined grate device 3 to move;
a flue gas retaining wall is arranged in the secondary combustion chamber 8 and used for accumulating solid-phase dioxin.
As shown in figure 2, the hearth 6 consists of a furnace wall 6-1 and an auxiliary part 6-2, and a closed chamber is formed by the furnace wall 6-1 and the auxiliary part 6-2, high-temperature flue gas generated by high-temperature incineration of garbage is fully combusted in the hearth 6 under the action of a furnace arch 6-1, and the flue gas flows along the downstream direction of the reciprocating inclined grate device 3.
The auxiliary parts 6-2 are respectively arranged on the periphery of the hearth 6 and respectively comprise an access door 6-2-1, an observation door 6-2-2, a fire pulling door 6-2-3, a burning machine and a temperature and pressure measuring point device 6-2-4, and the observation doors 6-2-2 comprise three parts.
As shown in FIG. 3, the reciprocating and downward-inclined grate device 3 is composed of a driving grate segment 3-1, a fixed grate segment 3-2, a driving beam 3-3, a fixed beam 3-4 and a connecting steel frame 3-5. The driving grate segment 3-1 is connected with the driving beam 3-3, the connecting steel frame 3-5 is driven by a hydraulic driving device 5, and the fixed grate segment 3-2 is connected with the fixed beam 3-4 and is fixed. The active fire grate segments 3-1 and the fixed fire grate segments 3-2 are alternately arranged along the length direction of the fire grate. The reciprocating inclined grate device and the horizontal plane form an included angle of 0-15 degrees.
As shown in figure 4, the height L of the fall between the material pushing device 2 and the reciprocating inclined grate device 3 is 200-1000 mm.
As shown in FIG. 5, the air distribution device 4 is composed of a bin 4-1, an adjusting valve 4-2 and an ash removal door 4-3. The bin 4-1 is divided into different bins 4-1 according to the length of the reciprocating inclined grate device 3, and the number of the bins is not less than four.
As shown in fig. 6, the second combustion chamber 8 is composed of a furnace wall 8-1 and an auxiliary member 8-2, and a closed chamber is formed by the furnace wall 8-1 and the auxiliary member 8-2; the auxiliary parts 8-2 are respectively arranged around the second combustion chamber 8, such as an ash cleaning door, a burner, a temperature measuring device and the like.
The above embodiment is implemented as follows: household garbage enters the reciprocating and obliquely downward grate device 3 from the material pushing device 2 through the feeding hopper 1, and due to the staggered movement among the grates, the garbage is pushed downward, and a garbage layer is continuously loosened and rolled until the garbage is completely combusted and discharged out of the hearth 6 to the slag falling port 7; the movement of the pushing device 2 and the reciprocating inclined grate device 3 is driven by a hydraulic driving device 5; the combustion air enters a hearth 6 from an air distribution device 4 at the lower part of the reciprocating inclined grate device 3 and is mixed with garbage for high-temperature incineration; the flue gas that msw incineration produced fully burns in furnace 6, and the flue gas that generates after msw incineration reaches environmental protection, high efficiency, high temperature performance after furnace 6, second combustion chamber 8 and discharges. The flue gas flow in the whole hearth is in a downstream state, and the multiple overlapping turbulence is realized in the secondary combustion chamber 8, so that the flue gas turbulence degree is improved. Flue gas barricade in the two combustion chambers 8 can accumulate solid phase dioxin, regularly carries out the deashing through examining and repairing the door, and the dioxin is transfinited and is discharged when avoiding blowing out the stove restart. The hearth 6 is a closed chamber formed by the furnace wall 6-1 and the auxiliary part 6-2, high-temperature flue gas generated by high-temperature incineration of garbage is fully combusted in the hearth 6 under the action of the furnace arch 6-1, and the flue gas flows along the downstream direction of the reciprocating inclined grate device 3 (as shown in figure 2). The auxiliary parts 6-2 are respectively arranged on the periphery of the hearth 6 and respectively comprise an access door 6-2-1, the observation doors 6-2-2 comprise three, the fire pulling doors 6-2-3, a burning machine and a temperature and pressure measuring point device 6-2-4.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A high-temperature incineration device of a forward flow type mechanical grate furnace is characterized by comprising a feeding hopper (1), a pushing device (2), a reciprocating inclined grate device (3), an air distribution device (4), a hydraulic driving device (5), a hearth (6), a slag falling port (7) and a secondary combustion chamber (8);
the feeding hopper (1) is arranged above the pushing device (2) and is used for conveying the household garbage to the reciprocating inclined grate device (3) through the pushing device (2);
the grates in the reciprocating inclined grate device (3) move in a staggered manner, and the burnt-out garbage is pushed to be discharged out of the hearth (6) and then falls to a slag hole (7);
the air distribution device (4) is arranged at the lower part of the reciprocating inclined grate device (3) and is used for inputting combustion air into the hearth to realize mixing with garbage and carrying out high-temperature incineration;
the hydraulic driving device (5) is used for driving the pushing device (2) and the reciprocating inclined grate device (3) to move;
and a flue gas retaining wall is arranged in the secondary combustion chamber (8) and used for accumulating solid-phase dioxin.
2. The forward flow mechanical grate furnace high temperature incineration device of claim 1, characterized in that the height of the drop between the pusher (2) and the reciprocating inclined grate device (3) is L, and the height of L is 200 mm-1000 mm; the reciprocating inclined grate device and the horizontal plane form an included angle of 0-15 degrees.
3. The forward flow mechanical grate furnace high temperature incineration equipment according to claim 1, wherein the reciprocating inclined grate device (3) is composed of a driving grate segment (3-1), a fixed grate segment (3-2), a driving beam (3-3), a fixed beam (3-4) and a connecting steel frame (3-5); the active grate segments (3-1) and the fixed grate segments (3-2) are alternately arranged along the length direction of the grate and are connected with the active beam (3-3); the fixed fire grate segment (3-2) is connected with the fixed beam (3-4); the connecting steel frames (3-5) are driven by a hydraulic driving device (5).
4. The forward flow mechanical grate furnace high temperature incineration plant of claim 1, characterized in that the air distribution device (4) consists of a bin (4-1), a regulating valve (4-2), an ash removal door (4-3); the number of the bins (4-1) is at least four, wherein the number of the bins (4-1) is determined according to the length of the reciprocating inclined grate device (3).
5. A forward flow mechanical grate furnace high temperature incineration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the furnace chamber (6) is composed of a furnace wall (6-1) and an auxiliary member (6-2), and a closed chamber is formed by the furnace wall (6-1) and the auxiliary member (6-2), the auxiliary member (6-2) comprises an access door (6-2-1), an observation door (6-2-2), a fire door (6-2-3), a burning machine and a temperature and pressure measuring point device (6-2-4), and is respectively installed around the furnace chamber (6), and the observation door (6-2-2) comprises three.
6. A forward flow mechanical grate high temperature incineration apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the secondary chamber (8) consists of a furnace wall (8-1) and an auxiliary device (8-2), and a closed chamber is formed by the furnace wall (8-1) and the auxiliary device (8-2); the auxiliary device (8-2) comprises an ash removal door, a burner and a temperature measuring device, and is respectively arranged on the periphery of the second combustion chamber (8).
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CN202011388532.9A CN112460605A (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2020-12-02 | High-temperature incineration equipment for forward flow type mechanical grate furnace |
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CN202011388532.9A CN112460605A (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2020-12-02 | High-temperature incineration equipment for forward flow type mechanical grate furnace |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115264505A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-11-01 | 北京基亚特环保科技有限公司 | Grate furnace device for household garbage incineration |
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CN2581822Y (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2003-10-22 | 广州贝龙环保热力设备股份有限公司 | Refuse pyrolising incinerator |
CN102878563A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2013-01-16 | 吕庆忠 | Multi-drive high-pressure-loss fire grate type household garbage burning device |
US20130186311A1 (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2013-07-25 | Chongqing University Of Science & Technology | Two-section type waste incinerator |
CN107435933A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2017-12-05 | 深圳市汇清科技有限公司 | Energy-saving incinerator |
CN111853810A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-10-30 | 江苏利百川环保科技有限公司 | Thermal control type household garbage pyrolysis gasification incinerator |
-
2020
- 2020-12-02 CN CN202011388532.9A patent/CN112460605A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2581822Y (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2003-10-22 | 广州贝龙环保热力设备股份有限公司 | Refuse pyrolising incinerator |
US20130186311A1 (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2013-07-25 | Chongqing University Of Science & Technology | Two-section type waste incinerator |
CN102878563A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2013-01-16 | 吕庆忠 | Multi-drive high-pressure-loss fire grate type household garbage burning device |
CN107435933A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2017-12-05 | 深圳市汇清科技有限公司 | Energy-saving incinerator |
CN111853810A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-10-30 | 江苏利百川环保科技有限公司 | Thermal control type household garbage pyrolysis gasification incinerator |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115264505A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-11-01 | 北京基亚特环保科技有限公司 | Grate furnace device for household garbage incineration |
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Application publication date: 20210309 |