CN112459756B - Visualization model, visualization device and visualization method for gas overlap phenomenon - Google Patents
Visualization model, visualization device and visualization method for gas overlap phenomenon Download PDFInfo
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- CN112459756B CN112459756B CN202011326205.0A CN202011326205A CN112459756B CN 112459756 B CN112459756 B CN 112459756B CN 202011326205 A CN202011326205 A CN 202011326205A CN 112459756 B CN112459756 B CN 112459756B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
Abstract
The utility model provides a visualization model, a visualization device and a visualization method for a gas overlap phenomenon, wherein the visualization model comprises: a model body; an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline which are respectively connected with two opposite ends of the model body; at least two layers of pore network structures formed within the mold body; and a shunt pipeline formed in the model body and respectively communicating each layer of pore network structure with the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline; wherein, the projections of the pore network structures of the layers on the horizontal plane are not overlapped. The visualization model, the visualization device for the gas overload phenomenon and the visualization method are used for realizing visualization observation of the gas overload phenomenon in the gas drive process.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of experimental equipment for oil exploitation, in particular to a visualization model, and a visualization device and a visualization method for a gas overload phenomenon.
Background
The oil displacement by utilizing various gases is an effective method for improving the recovery ratio, but due to the density difference between the gases and the liquids, the phenomenon of gas overburden can be formed under the action of gravity.
Disclosure of Invention
Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a visualization model, and a visualization apparatus and method for a gas overshoot phenomenon, so as to realize visualization of the gas overshoot phenomenon in a displacement experiment process.
In one aspect, a visualization model is provided, comprising: a model body; an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline which are respectively connected with two opposite ends of the model body; at least two layers of pore network structures formed within the mold body; and a shunt pipeline formed in the model body and respectively communicating each layer of pore network structure with the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline; wherein, the projections of the pore network structures of the layers on the horizontal plane are not overlapped.
In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the visualization model is fabricated by 3D printing technology, integrally formed.
In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the material forming the visualization model includes a transparent photosensitive resin material.
In another aspect, an apparatus for visualizing a gas overshoot phenomenon is provided, including: a microscope; the visualization model as in any of the above embodiments, the visualization model being placed on a stage of an inverted microscope; the injection assembly is connected with an inlet pipeline of the visual model; the pressure measuring assembly is connected with the visual model; and the collection meter is connected with the outlet pipeline of the visual model.
In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, an injection assembly includes: an injection pump connected to the inlet pipe; a first intermediate container disposed between the injection pump and the inlet pipe; and a first valve disposed between the first intermediate container and the inlet conduit.
In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the injection assembly further comprises: a gas cylinder connected to the inlet pipe; a second intermediate container disposed between the gas cylinder and the inlet conduit; and a second valve disposed between the second intermediate container and the inlet conduit.
In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a load cell assembly includes: the pressure gauge is connected with the inlet pipeline, and the pressure difference sensor is arranged between the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline.
In another aspect, a method for visualizing a gas overshoot phenomenon is provided, which is applied to the apparatus for visualizing a gas overshoot phenomenon according to any of the above embodiments, and the method includes S1 to S2.
And S1, processing the visualization model, and simulating the oil-water distribution condition or the oil-gas distribution condition of the actual reservoir in the visualization model.
And S2, performing a displacement experiment in the visual model, collecting images of the pore network structure of each layer, and calculating the recovery ratio of the pore network structure of each layer.
In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, S1 includes S101-S104, and S2 includes S201-S202.
And S101, vacuumizing the visual model.
And S102, injecting water into the visual model to enable the visual model to completely restrict the water.
S103, injecting crude oil into the visualization model to saturate the visualization model with oil.
And S104, acquiring an image of each layer of pore network structure, and recording the initial oil saturation of each layer of pore network structure.
S201, performing water drive on the crude oil in the visual model, and after the water drive process is finished, acquiring images of each layer of pore network structure and calculating the water drive recovery ratio of each layer of pore network structure.
S202, carrying out gas flooding on the crude oil in the visual model, and after the gas flooding process is finished, acquiring images of each layer of pore network structure and calculating the gas flooding oil recovery ratio of each layer of pore network structure.
In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, S1 includes S101-S102 and S105-S106, and S2 includes S203.
And S101, vacuumizing the visual model.
And S102, injecting water into the visual model to enable the visual model to completely restrict the water.
And S105, injecting condensate gas into the visualization model to saturate the visualization model with gas.
S106, collecting the image of each layer of the pore network structure, and recording the initial gas saturation of each layer of the pore network structure.
S203, performing gas flooding on the condensate gas in the visual model, and after the gas flooding process is finished, acquiring images of each layer of pore network structure and calculating the gas flooding recovery ratio of each layer of pore network structure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a visualization model structure according to some embodiments;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the visualization model shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the visualization model shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of the visualization model shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a device for visualizing gas overshoot, according to some embodiments.
Reference numerals:
1-an injection pump; 2-a first intermediate container; 3-a pressure gauge; 4-a differential pressure sensor; 5-visualization model; 51-a model ontology; 52-inlet conduit; 53-an outlet duct; 54-pore network structure; 55-a shunt conduit; 6-a gas cylinder; 7-collecting a meter; 8-a second intermediate container; 9-a second valve; 10-a microscope; 11-first valve.
Detailed Description
The present disclosure will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only the portions relevant to the present disclosure are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict. The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
In order to observe the displacement process of gas flooding under the microscopic pore scale, a visual physical model with a certain thickness is required to embody the overriding effect of the displacement process, meanwhile, the physical model needs to have a net-shaped pore structure to simulate the actual rock pores, and in addition, the displacement process is under a high-pressure condition during gas flooding, so the model has a certain pressure bearing capacity. Therefore, it is better to use a pressure-resistant transparent three-dimensional model to simulate the height and space of the oil reservoir. In the related art, for a microscopic visualization model of a gas drive experiment, a glass model is usually used for realizing visual observation and analysis of a two-dimensional plane pore network. The three-dimensional model cannot visually observe the fluid flow in the inner pores because the pore frameworks (made of glass, quartz sand and the like) are mutually shielded.
Based on the above, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a three-dimensional pore model which is prepared based on a 3D printing technology, can resist high pressure and is convenient for visual optical observation, so as to realize visual observation of a gas overlap phenomenon in a gas flooding process, thereby solving a problem that a gas flooding research of an underground oil layer three-dimensional model cannot be visualized under a high pressure condition.
Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a visualization model, as shown in fig. 1, the visualization model 5 comprising: a model body 51; an inlet duct 52 and an outlet duct 53 connected to opposite ends of the model body 51, respectively; at least two layers of pore network structures 54 formed within the mold body 51; and a flow distribution pipe 55 formed in the mold body 51 and communicating each layer of the pore network structure 54 with the inlet pipe 52 and the outlet pipe 53, respectively; wherein the projections of the layers of pore network structures 54 in the horizontal plane do not overlap.
The structure of the visualization model 5 provided by the present disclosure is described in detail below by taking the visualization model 5 shown in fig. 1 to 4 as an example. The visualization model 5 is composed of a model body 51, a five-layer pore network structure 54, an inlet pipeline 52, an outlet pipeline 53 and a shunt pipeline 55. The design size of the visualization model 5 is 100mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 100mm, the length of each layer of the pore network structure 54 is 60mm, the thickness is 3mm, the distance between two adjacent layers is 6mm, and the lengths of the inlet pipeline 52 and the outlet pipeline 53 are both 15 mm. During the experiment, the five-layer visual model 5 can be placed on the stage of an inverted microscope. The visualization model 5 is observed from the front, and the front view of the visualization model 5 is five parallel straight lines with the thickness of 3mm (figure 2); when the visualization model 5 is observed from the upper part, five layers of staggered and overlapped pore network structures 54 (figure 3) can be observed, and the observation effect cannot be influenced by mutual shielding among the pore network structures 54 of all layers; viewing the visualization model 5 from the left, it can be observed that each layer of the pore network structure 54 is communicated with the inlet pipe 52 and the outlet pipe 53 by the diversion pipe 55 to realize the diversion and collection of the fluid. The inlet pipeline 52 and the outlet pipeline 53 are positioned on the left side and the right side of the visual model 5, gas flows in from the inlet pipeline 52 of the visual model 5, is shunted to enter each layer of pore network structure 54, and finally is collected to the outlet pipeline 53 through the shunt pipeline 55, and then flows out of the visual model 5.
In some embodiments, the visualization model 5 is made by 3D printing technology, integrally formed.
The traditional splicing technology is adopted to form the model, the process is complicated, and the precision of the model is influenced; and adopt 3D printing technique with visual model 5 integrated into one piece, do not have the part of concatenation veneer in the middle of visual model 5 to improved visual model 5's resistance to pressure, simultaneously, can promote visual model 5's precision greatly, be favorable to improving the degree of accuracy of follow-up displacement experiment.
In some embodiments, the material forming the visualization model 5 comprises a transparent photosensitive resin material in order to provide the visualization model 5 with better high pressure resistance characteristics. If use traditional glass material to make three-dimensional model, need to be in the same place different layers of glass and pipeline veneer concatenation, the model can bear the pressure less to can bring the influence to the precision of the model that forms, the concatenation technology is complicated loaded down with trivial details simultaneously, and is higher to the precision requirement. And the 3D printing technology can directly adopt transparent photosensitive resin material integrated into one piece to form the visual model 5, makes the model have better precision and high pressure resistance.
Illustratively, in the process of making the visual model 5 by the 3D printing technology, the reservoir structure to be simulated may be scanned by CT, and then a three-dimensional structure simulation diagram of the subsurface oil reservoir may be drawn by using the drawing software, so as to obtain the morphology of the pore network structure 54 of each layer in the visual model 5. I.e. it is equivalent to divide a complete three-dimensional model into layers placed one behind the other. Wherein the pore diameter in each layer of the pore network structure 54 is designed to be in the micrometer-millimeter range. And then, a visual model 5 is manufactured by utilizing a 3D printing technology, namely, a drawn three-dimensional structure chart file is uploaded to a 3D printer, the model is printed by using a high-pressure-resistant transparent photosensitive resin material by adopting a layer-by-layer printing method, and the surface of the model is manually polished after printing is finished, so that the outer surface is smooth and transparent.
The visual model 5 provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure utilizes 3D printing technology to make physical models of oil reservoirs, can make physical models for experimental use according to real oil reservoir structures, realizes the simulation of three-dimensional space by staggering, stacking and splicing the multilayer pore network structure 54, and does not affect the observation effect because of mutual shielding between pores of each layer, can observe and record the multiphase flow condition of the gas displacement process and the flow difference between each layer in real time, thereby revealing the phenomenon of gas overlap, and can solve the problem that the conventional reservoir three-dimensional model cannot be visualized in the gas displacement process under high pressure conditions. Meanwhile, the integrally formed visual model 5 is more pressure-resistant than a sintering or cementing model, and the transparent photosensitive resin material adopted by 3D printing has better pressure-resistant capability, so that the visual model 5 can be applied to experiments under high-pressure conditions.
Some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a visualization device of a gas overlap phenomenon, including: a microscope 10; the visualization model 5 according to any of the above embodiments, the visualization model 5 is placed on the stage of the inverted microscope 10; an injection assembly connected to the inlet conduit 52 of the visualization model 5; the pressure measuring assembly is connected with the visual model 5; and a collection meter 7 connected to the outlet pipe 53 of the visualization model 5.
In some embodiments, the injection assembly comprises: the injection pump 1 connected to the inlet pipe 52; a first intermediate container 2 disposed between the injection pump 1 and the inlet pipe 52; and a first valve 11 arranged between the first intermediate container 2 and the inlet duct 52.
In some embodiments, the injection assembly further comprises: a gas cylinder 6 connected to the inlet pipe 52; a second intermediate container 8 disposed between the gas cylinder 6 and the inlet conduit 52; and a second valve 9 disposed between the second intermediate container 8 and the inlet pipe 52.
In some embodiments, the load cell assembly comprises: a pressure gauge 3 connected to the inlet pipe 52, and a differential pressure sensor 4 disposed between the inlet pipe 52 and the outlet pipe 53.
The beneficial effects that the visualization device of the gas overlap phenomenon provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve are the same as the beneficial effects that the visualization model 5 provided above can achieve, and are not repeated herein.
Some embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a method for visualizing a gas overshoot phenomenon, which is applied to the apparatus for visualizing a gas overshoot phenomenon according to any of the above embodiments, and the method includes S1 to S2.
It should be noted that, the step numbers in the text are only for convenience of explanation of the specific embodiments, and do not serve to limit the execution sequence of the steps.
And S1, processing the visualization model 5, and simulating the oil-water distribution condition or the oil-gas distribution condition of the actual reservoir in the visualization model 5.
S2, performing a displacement experiment in the visualization model 5, acquiring an image of each layer of the pore network structure 54, and calculating a recovery factor for each layer of the pore network structure 54.
According to the visualization method for the gas overburden phenomenon, which is provided by some embodiments of the disclosure, the microscope 10 in the visualization device for the gas overburden phenomenon is adopted to continuously observe the visualization model 5, so that the visualization of the gas overburden phenomenon in the gas flooding process can be realized, a gas flooding experiment can be performed under a high-pressure condition, and the problem that a visualization method is not available in a gas flooding research of an underground oil layer three-dimensional model under the high-pressure condition is solved.
In some embodiments, S1 includes S101S 104, and S2 includes S201S 202.
S101, vacuumizing the visualization model 5 to ensure that no residual gas exists in the visualization model 5.
And S102, injecting water into the visual model 5 to enable the visual model 5 to completely restrict the water.
Illustratively, water is injected into the visualization model 5, the injection speed is designed to be within the range of 0.002-0.500 ml/min, after a period of time, the injection amount is the same as the output amount, and at the moment, the visualization model 5 completely restrains the water.
S103, injecting crude oil into the visualization model 5 to saturate the visualization model 5 with oil.
S104, collecting images of each layer of the pore network structure 54, and recording the initial oil saturation of each layer of the pore network structure 54.
Illustratively, an image of each layer of the pore network structure 54 is captured by the microscope 10 and uploaded to a computer connected to the microscope 10, and the captured image or photograph is processed using image processing techniques, such as, for example, grayscale processing, wherein the black portion of the image is crude oil and the percentage of the area occupied by the black portion is approximated as the initial oil saturation Soi。
S201, performing water flooding on the crude oil in the visualization model 5, and after the water flooding process is finished, acquiring images of each layer of pore network structure 54 and calculating the water flooding recovery ratio of each layer of pore network structure 54.
Illustratively, the first intermediate container 2 is filled with water, the pressure gauge 3 is opened, the filling pump 1 (for example, a constant-speed micro pump) is opened to pressurize the water, the water is filled at a speed of 0.002-0.500 ml/min, and the water in the first intermediate container 2 enters the visualization model 5. The differential pressure sensor 4 is used for measuring a differential pressure value between the inlet pipeline 52 and the outlet pipeline 53, and observing and recording a display value of the differential pressure sensor 4 at any time so as to ensure that the pressure between the inlet pipeline 52 and the outlet pipeline 53 is kept at a proper pressure condition (the pressure bearing capacity is 8-20 MPa for example). Produced water and produced oil flow through outlet conduit 53 into collection meter 7. When no crude oil enters the collecting meter 7, the water flooding process is finished, at this time, the image of each layer of pore network structure 54 is collected through the microscope 10, the collected image is uploaded to a computer connected with the microscope 10, the residual oil distribution diagram of each layer of pore network structure 54 at the moment is obtained after the image is processed, and then the residual oil distribution diagram of each layer of pore network structure 54 after the water flooding process can be obtainedResidual oil saturation SorAnd calculating the water flooding recovery ratio of each layer of the pore network structure 54:
ER＝(Soi-Sor)/Soi (1)
in formula (1): eRThe oil-water displacement recovery ratio is adopted;
Sorwater flooding residual oil saturation;
Soiis the initial oil saturation.
S202, carrying out gas flooding on the crude oil in the visualization model 5, and after the gas flooding process is finished, acquiring images of each layer of pore network structure 54 and calculating the gas flooding oil recovery ratio of each layer of pore network structure 54.
Illustratively, after the water flooding process is over, the gas (e.g., CO) continues to flow2Gas) flooding experiment. The second valve 9 is opened and the infusion pump 1 is closed and the gas in the gas cylinder 6 is pushed into the visualization model 5. The displayed value of the differential pressure sensor 4 is observed and recorded over time to ensure that the pressure between the inlet line 52 and the outlet line 53 is maintained at the proper pressure condition. The produced oil flows through the outlet pipe 53 into the collecting meter 7. When no crude oil enters the collecting meter 7, the gas drive process is finished, at this time, the image of each layer of pore network structure 54 is collected through the microscope 10, the collected image is uploaded to a computer connected with the microscope 10, the residual oil distribution diagram of each layer of pore network structure 54 at the moment is obtained after the image is processed, and then the residual oil saturation S of each layer of pore network structure 54 after the gas drive process can be obtainedor', and calculates the gas flooding recovery for each layer of pore network structure 54:
ER'＝(Sor-Sor')/Sor (2)
in formula (2): eR' is gas flooding oil recovery;
Sor' is residual oil saturation;
Soris the water flooding residual oil saturation.
In the above experiments it was observed that the gas was CO during displacement2The gas gradually flows out from the upper layer of the crude oil with the accompanyingAsphaltene is separated out, the displacement effect does not occur any more, crude oil does not flow out from the collection meter 7, only gas enters the collection meter 7, and the gas overload phenomenon occurs in the pores. The overlap may occur in the uppermost one or two layers of the pore network 54, and the gas overlap may be observed by observing the color differences of the different layers of the pore network 54. Comparing the gas-drive oil recovery ratio of each pore network structure 54 shows that the gas-drive oil recovery ratio of the upper pore network structure 54 is higher than that of the lower pore network structure 54, and the displacement effect is better, so that the upper layer can separate out more asphaltenes than the lower layer.
By the visualization method for the gas overburden phenomenon, provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure, quantitative analysis of gas flooding can be realized, and a basis for studying the influence of the gas overburden effect on the oil recovery rate can be better provided by calculating the oil recovery rate of gas flooding of each layer of the pore network structure 54. Meanwhile, the flow condition in the gas displacement process and the dispersion and mutual solubility of gas-liquid multiphase flow among layers can be observed and recorded through the microscope 10 and the computer, so that the problem that a visualization method is not available in the gas displacement research of the underground oil layer three-dimensional model under the high-pressure condition is solved.
In some embodiments, S1 includes S101-S102 and S105-S106, and S2 includes S203.
S101, vacuumizing the visualization model 5 to ensure that no residual gas exists in the visualization model 5.
And S102, injecting water into the visual model 5 to enable the visual model 5 to completely restrict the water.
Illustratively, water is injected into the visualization model 5, the injection speed is designed to be within the range of 0.002-0.500 ml/min, after a period of time, the injection amount is the same as the output amount, and at the moment, the visualization model 5 completely restrains the water.
And S105, injecting condensate gas into the visualization model 5 to saturate the visualization model 5 with gas.
S106, collecting the image of each layer of the pore network structure 54, and recording the initial gas saturation of each layer of the pore network structure 54.
Illustratively, by displayThe micro-mirror 10 collects the image of each layer of the pore network structure 54, uploads the collected image to a computer connected with the micro-mirror 10, the collected image or photo is processed by utilizing an image processing technology, the faint yellow part in the image is the gas condensate, and the area percentage of the faint yellow part is approximately used as the initial gas saturation Sg。
And S203, performing gas flooding on the condensate gas in the visual model 5, and after the gas flooding process is finished, acquiring images of each layer of pore network structure 54 and calculating the gas flooding recovery ratio of each layer of pore network structure 54.
Illustratively, CH is employed4The gas was subjected to a condensate displacement experiment. First, CH is injected into the first intermediate vessel 24Gas, the pressure gauge 3 is opened, the injection pump 1 is opened to pressurize, the injection speed is, for example, in the range of 0.002-0.500 ml/min, so that CH in the first intermediate container 24The gas enters the visualization model 5. The display value of the differential pressure sensor 4 is observed and recorded at any time to ensure that the pressure between the inlet pipe 52 and the outlet pipe 53 is maintained at a proper pressure condition (the pressure-bearing capacity is 8-20 MPa, for example). Produced CH4The gas and the condensate flow into the collecting meter 7. When no more faint yellow condensate gas enters the collecting meter 7, the gas flooding process is finished, at this time, the image of each layer of pore network structure 54 is collected through the microscope 10, the collected image is uploaded to a computer connected with the microscope 10, the residual gas distribution diagram of each layer of pore network structure 54 at the moment is obtained after the image is processed, and then the residual gas saturation S of each layer of pore network structure 54 after the gas flooding process can be obtainedg', and calculates the gas flooding recovery for each layer of pore network structure 54:
E″R＝(Sg-S′g)/Sg (3)
in formula (3): e ″)RThe gas flooding recovery ratio is adopted;
Sg' is residual gas saturation;
Sgis the initial gas saturation.
In the experiment, CH can be observed in the displacement process of gas4Gas gradually condensing fromThe upper layer of gas flows out, no displacement occurs, the collecting meter 7 has no light yellow condensate gas flowing out, and only CH4The gas enters the collecting meter 7. Since the condensate gas is a pale yellow gas, and CH4The gas is a colorless gas, and CH4The density of the gas is less than the condensate density, so CH4Gas will flow over the condensate gas and gas overcladding occurs in the pores, wherein the upper CH layer4Gas content ratio of lower CH4The gas content is high. That is, after the over-coating phenomenon is formed, the uppermost layer or two layers of the pore network structure 54 may be displayed as colorless or light in color, and the CH may be determined by observing the difference in color of the pore network structures 54 of the respective layers4The gas flows out from the condensate overhead. Comparing the gas displacement recovery ratio of each layer of pore network structure 54 shows that the gas displacement recovery ratio of the upper layer of pore network structure 54 is higher than that of the lower layer of pore network structure 54, and the displacement effect is better.
By the visualization method for the gas overburden phenomenon, provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure, quantitative analysis of gas flooding can be realized, and a basis for studying the influence of the gas overburden effect on the recovery rate can be better provided by calculating the gas flooding recovery rate of each layer of the pore network structure 54. Meanwhile, the flow condition in the gas displacement process and the dispersion and mutual solubility of the gas displacement among layers can be observed and recorded through the microscope 10 and the computer, so that the problem that the gas displacement condensate gas process of the underground oil layer three-dimensional model cannot be visualized under the high-pressure condition is solved.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment/mode," "some embodiments/modes," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment/mode or example is included in at least one embodiment/mode or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to be the same embodiment/mode or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments/modes or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments/aspects or examples and features of the various embodiments/aspects or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without conflicting therewith.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present disclosure, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specifically limited otherwise. The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships that are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the present disclosure. Meanwhile, in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; the connection can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely for clarity of illustration of the disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Other variations or modifications may occur to those skilled in the art, based on the foregoing disclosure, and are still within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A visualization model, comprising:
a model body;
the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the model body;
at least two layers of pore network structures formed within the mold body; and the number of the first and second groups,
the shunt pipeline is formed in the model body and is used for respectively communicating each layer of pore network structure with the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline;
the projections of the pore network structures on the horizontal plane are not overlapped, at least two layers of pore network structures are staggered and overlapped, and the pore network structures of the layers are not mutually shielded to influence the observation effect;
the visual model is manufactured through a 3D printing technology and is integrally formed.
2. A visualization model as recited in claim 1, wherein the material forming the visualization model comprises a transparent photosensitive resin material.
3. A visualization device of gas overload phenomenon, comprising:
a microscope;
the visualization model of claim 1 or 2, which is placed on a stage of an inverted microscope;
an injection assembly connected to an inlet conduit of the visualization model;
the pressure measuring assembly is connected with the visual model; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the collection meter is connected with an outlet pipeline of the visualization model.
4. The apparatus for visualization of gas overshoot phenomenon according to claim 3, characterized in that said injection assembly comprises:
an injection pump connected to the inlet conduit;
a first intermediate container disposed between the injection pump and the inlet conduit; and the number of the first and second groups,
a first valve disposed between the first intermediate container and the inlet conduit.
5. The apparatus for visualization of gas overshoot phenomenon according to claim 4, characterized in that said injection assembly further comprises:
a gas cylinder connected to the inlet conduit;
a second intermediate container disposed between the gas cylinder and the inlet conduit; and the number of the first and second groups,
a second valve disposed between the second intermediate container and the inlet conduit.
6. The apparatus for visualization of gas overshoot phenomenon according to claim 5, characterized in that the load cell assembly comprises: the pressure gauge is connected with the inlet pipeline, and the differential pressure sensor is arranged between the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline.
7. A method for visualizing a gas overload phenomenon, the method being applied to the apparatus for visualizing a gas overload phenomenon according to any one of claims 3 to 6, the method comprising:
s1, processing the visualization model, and simulating the oil-water distribution condition or the oil-gas distribution condition of an actual reservoir in the visualization model;
and S2, performing a displacement experiment in the visual model, acquiring an image of each layer of pore network structure, and calculating the recovery ratio of each layer of pore network structure.
8. The method for visualizing a gas overshoot phenomenon as in claim 7,
s1 includes:
s101, vacuumizing the visual model;
s102, injecting water into the visualization model to enable the visualization model to completely restrict water;
s103, injecting crude oil into the visualization model to saturate the visualization model with oil;
s104, collecting images of each layer of pore network structure, and recording the initial oil saturation of each layer of pore network structure;
s2 includes:
s201, performing water drive on the crude oil in the visual model, and after the water drive process is finished, acquiring images of each layer of pore network structure and calculating the water drive recovery ratio of each layer of pore network structure;
s202, carrying out gas flooding on the crude oil in the visual model, and after the gas flooding process is finished, acquiring images of each layer of pore network structure and calculating the gas flooding oil recovery ratio of each layer of pore network structure.
9. The method for visualizing a gas overshoot phenomenon as in claim 7,
s1 includes:
s101, vacuumizing the visual model;
s102, injecting water into the visualization model to enable the visualization model to completely restrict water;
s105, injecting condensate gas into the visualization model to saturate the visualization model with gas;
s106, collecting images of each layer of pore network structure, and recording the initial gas saturation of each layer of pore network structure;
s2 includes: and carrying out gas flooding on the condensate gas in the visual model, and acquiring an image of each layer of pore network structure and calculating the gas flooding recovery ratio of each layer of pore network structure after the gas flooding process is finished.
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| CN101105120A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-01-16 | 大庆石油学院 | three-dimensional glass porous media model for microcosmic oil drive and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN108071379A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-05-25 | 北京永瑞达科技有限公司 | A kind of combustion drive forward position thermal compensation tracking test device |
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