CN112459755A - Pulse jet generator, generating device, water injection and blockage removal integrated tubular column and method - Google Patents
Pulse jet generator, generating device, water injection and blockage removal integrated tubular column and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112459755A CN112459755A CN201910841471.8A CN201910841471A CN112459755A CN 112459755 A CN112459755 A CN 112459755A CN 201910841471 A CN201910841471 A CN 201910841471A CN 112459755 A CN112459755 A CN 112459755A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000010360 secondary oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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Abstract
The invention provides a pulse jet generator, a generating device, a water injection and blockage removal integrated tubular column and a method. The invention makes the injected water and acid liquid enter the stratum in a wave form, enlarges the water flooding wave and area, reduces the probability of blocking the pore throat by impurities, not only utilizes the chemical corrosion action in the acidification construction when the blockage is removed, but also increases the physical action of the pulse.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield water injection development, in particular to a pulse jet generator, a generating device, a water injection and blockage removal integrated tubular column and a method.
Background
In the water drive reservoir development process, the water drive wave and area are key factors influencing the water drive recovery ratio. At present conventional water injection mode mainly has water injection and separate layer water injection, and whatever kind of mode, injected water is steady continuous state, and long-term steady continuous flow is injected and can be caused following problem: on one hand, the injected water can be gathered towards the oil production well along the high-permeability channel, the tongue advance phenomenon is easy to cause, and the water drive wave and the area are not changed under the condition that the water drive pressure is not changed; on the other hand, stable continuous water injection easily causes mud sediments, colloid, asphaltene and other mechanical impurities to move along a fixed flow passage to block a pore throat, so that the formation permeability is reduced, and the oil field development effect is influenced.
According to Darcy's law, when the liquid flows in a steady state and the reservoir and the liquid properties do not change, the water drive wave and the area cannot change, so that the conventional measures for improving the water drive development at present mainly comprise acidification blocking removal, pressurization injection increase, profile control water blocking or water conservancy oscillation and the like, and the method mainly utilizes the chemical corrosion action of acid liquor to dissolve and corrode rock cement or plugs in formation pores and cracks and expand extended formation cracks so as to recover and improve the permeability of the formation, or utilizes a chemical plugging agent to plug an original water injection flow channel, change the viscosity of injected fluid and expand the wave and volume. Although these techniques achieve good field performance, there is a problem in that the performance is completely dependent on the chemical properties and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pulse jet generator, a generating device, a water injection and blockage removal integrated tubular column and a method, which are used for solving the problems that the water flooding wave and the area are unchanged and impurities block a pore throat caused by stable and continuous water injection in the prior art, and the blockage removal effect completely depends on the performance of a chemical agent and the investment cost is higher due to the adoption of stable and continuous acid for blockage removal.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pulse jet generator, which includes a first nozzle, a second nozzle, and a third nozzle sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein a primary oscillation cavity is provided between the first nozzle and the second nozzle, a secondary oscillation cavity is provided between the second nozzle and the third nozzle, the first nozzle, the primary oscillation cavity, the second nozzle, the secondary oscillation cavity, and the third nozzle are sequentially communicated, and a stable continuous fluid flowing from the first nozzle is converted into a pulse jet when flowing through the primary oscillation cavity and the secondary oscillation cavity, and then is ejected from the third nozzle.
The invention also provides a pulse jet flow generating device which is used for layered water injection and comprises a first cylindrical upper joint, a cylindrical main body and the pulse jet flow generator, wherein the upper end of the main body is connected with the lower end of the first upper joint, an installation cavity communicated with the first upper joint and a liquid discharge hole positioned below the installation cavity are arranged in the side wall of the main body, the liquid discharge hole extends from the bottom of the installation cavity to the outer side wall of the main body to communicate the installation cavity with the outside of the main body, the pulse jet flow generator is fixed in the installation cavity and is communicated with the first upper joint and the liquid discharge hole, and the pulse jet flow sprayed by the third nozzle is discharged through the liquid discharge hole.
The invention also provides a water injection and blockage removal integrated pipe column which is used for layered water injection and blockage removal and comprises at least two pulse jet flow generation devices and at least two first packers, wherein the pulse jet flow generation devices and the first packers are alternately connected in series on an oil pipe, each pulse jet flow generation device corresponds to each reservoir stratum one by one, and the uppermost first packer is positioned above the uppermost pulse jet flow generation device.
The invention also provides a water injection deblocking method, which is used for separate layer water injection and deblocking, and the water injection deblocking method adopts the water injection deblocking integrated tubular column to perform separate layer water injection and deblocking on at least two reservoirs, and comprises the following steps: during water injection, connecting a wellhead water injection flow, closing a casing gate, opening a main gate and an oil pipe gate, then injecting water, converting the injected water into pulse jet when the injected water flows through a pulse jet generator of a pulse jet generating device, discharging the pulse jet through the liquid discharge hole, and entering a corresponding reservoir stratum; when the blockage is removed, stopping water injection, closing the sleeve pipe gate and the oil pipe gate, connecting the pump truck with the oil pipe gate, opening the oil pipe gate after the pressure test is qualified, pumping acid liquid into the oil pipe by using the pump truck, converting the acid liquid into pulse jet flow when the acid liquid flows through a pulse jet flow generator of the pulse jet flow generating device, discharging the pulse jet flow through the liquid discharge hole, entering a corresponding reservoir stratum, and pumping clear water into the oil pipe after the blockage removal is completed until no acid liquid is left in the oil pipe.
The invention also provides a pulse jet flow generating device which is used for general water injection and comprises an outer barrel which can be connected in series on an oil pipe and the pulse jet flow generator, wherein the pulse jet flow generator is fixed in the outer barrel, and the pulse jet flow sprayed out by the third nozzle is discharged through an outlet of the outer barrel.
The invention also provides a water injection and blockage removal integrated pipe column which is used for totally injecting water and removing blockage and comprises the pulse jet flow generating device and a second packer, wherein the pulse jet flow generating device and the second packer are connected on an oil pipe in series, the second packer is positioned above the pulse jet flow generating device, and the second packer is positioned above a reservoir stratum.
The invention also provides a water injection deblocking method for the general water injection and deblocking, which adopts the water injection deblocking integrated tubular column to perform the general water injection and deblocking on the reservoir stratum, and comprises the following steps: when water is injected, a wellhead water injection flow is connected, a sleeve gate is closed, a main gate and an oil pipe gate are opened, then water is injected, injected water is converted into pulse jet when flowing through a pulse jet generator of a pulse jet generating device, and then enters a reservoir stratum; when the blockage is removed, stopping water injection, closing the sleeve pipe gate and the oil pipe gate, connecting the pump truck with the oil pipe gate, opening the oil pipe gate after the pressure test is qualified, pumping acid liquid into the oil pipe by using the pump truck, converting the acid liquid into pulse jet flow when the acid liquid flows through a pulse jet flow generator of the pulse jet flow generating device, then enabling the pulse jet flow generator to enter a reservoir stratum, and pumping clear water into the oil pipe after the blockage removal is completed until no acid liquid is left in the oil pipe.
The pulse jet generator, the generating device, the water injection and blockage removal integrated pipe column and the method have the characteristics and advantages that:
according to the invention, the pulse jet generator is arranged, so that the injected water generates a pulse oscillation effect during water injection, the injected water enters the stratum in a fluctuation mode, the water flooding wave area is enlarged, the probability of blocking a pore throat by impurities is reduced, the water injection effect is improved, and the water injection speed is increased; when the blockage is removed, the pulse jet flow generator makes the acid liquid produce pulse oscillation effect, so that the acid liquid can be fed into stratum in the form of wave, said wave can be acted on the stratum by means of strong alternating pressure, and can produce periodic tension-compression stress in the stratum to excite medium in vibration field, and can make some physical quantities of medium material point produce repeated change, so that the solid attachments deposited in the oil layer pore can be gradually loosened and separated, and the action radius and action strength of the acid liquid can be raised.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a pulsed jet generator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a pulsed jet generation device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the body of the present invention at the mounting cavity;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a water injection unplugging integrated string of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a pulsed jet generation device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the water injection unplugging integrated string of the present invention.
Main element number description:
1. a pulsed jet generator;
11. a first nozzle; 111. a first inlet; 112. a first flow passage; 113. a first tapered bore;
12. a second nozzle; 121. a second inlet; 122. a second flow passage; 123. a second tapered bore;
124. a first conical body;
13. a third nozzle; 131. a third inlet; 132. a third flow path; 133. a second tapered body;
14. a first cylinder; 141. a primary oscillation cavity;
15. a second cylinder; 151. a secondary oscillation cavity;
16. a third cylinder; 161. a liquid inlet cavity;
2. a first upper joint; 3. a main body; 31. a mounting cavity; 32. a drain hole;
4. a flow conductor; 41. a flow guide hole;
5. an outer cylinder;
51. a second upper joint; 511. an upper chamber; 52. a jacket; 53. pressing the cap; 531. a lower chamber;
10. a pulse jet generating device; 20. a first packer;
30. an oil pipe; 40. plugging with a thread; 50. an oil pipe gate; 60. a casing gate; 70. a main gate;
80. a sleeve;
100. water injection and blockage removal integrated pipe column; 200. a reservoir;
10', a pulse jet generating device; 20', a second packer; 30', an oil pipe; 80', a sleeve;
100', and injecting water to remove the blockage of the integrated tubular column; 300. a reservoir; 400. and (4) the bottom of the well.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a pulse jet generator 1, which includes a first nozzle 11, a second nozzle 12 and a third nozzle 13 sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein a primary oscillation cavity 141 is provided between the first nozzle 11 and the second nozzle 12, a secondary oscillation cavity 151 is provided between the second nozzle 12 and the third nozzle 13, the first nozzle 11, the primary oscillation cavity 141, the second nozzle 12, the secondary oscillation cavity 151 and the third nozzle 13 are sequentially communicated, and a stable continuous fluid flowing in from the first nozzle 11 is converted into a pulse jet when flowing through the primary oscillation cavity 141 and the secondary oscillation cavity 151, and then is ejected from the third nozzle 13.
When the jet flow generating device is used, fluid is sprayed out from the first nozzle 11 and enters the primary oscillation cavity 141, high-speed periodic self-excited oscillation pulse jet flow is formed at the outlet position of the primary oscillation cavity 141 (namely the inlet position of the second nozzle 12) through the oscillation, amplification and feedback effects of the primary oscillation cavity 141, then is accelerated by the second nozzle 12 and sprayed out to enter the secondary oscillation cavity 151, and then is accelerated by the third nozzle 13 to form pulse jet flow with larger amplitude and peak value through the oscillation, amplification and feedback effects of the secondary oscillation cavity 151.
The primary oscillation cavity 141 and the secondary oscillation cavity 151 may also be referred to as a self-excited oscillation cavity or a diffusion cavity, and the primary oscillation cavity 141 and the secondary oscillation cavity 151 generate oscillation, amplification and feedback effects on the fluid, so that the fluid forms a series of discrete vortex rings to become a pulsating fluid wave.
The first nozzle 11, the second nozzle 12 and the third nozzle 13 may be connected and fixed together in sequence, or may be covered and fixed by other shells, which is not limited in the present invention.
The pulse jet generator 1 of the present invention is not limited to three nozzles, and more nozzles, such as 4, 5 or more nozzles, may be provided as needed, and any two adjacent nozzles have an oscillating chamber therebetween, and these equivalent variations do not depart from the spirit of the present invention and are included in the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, further, the pulse jet generator 1 further includes a first cylinder 14 and a second cylinder 15, the first cylinder 14 is disposed between the first nozzle 11 and the second nozzle 12, a first-stage oscillation cavity 141 is formed in the first cylinder 14, the second cylinder 15 is disposed between the second nozzle 12 and the third nozzle 13, and a second-stage oscillation cavity 151 is formed in the second cylinder 15.
As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment, the lower end of the first nozzle 11 has a first tapered hole 113 communicating with the first-stage oscillation chamber 141, the inner diameter of the first tapered hole 113 is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, the inner sidewall of the first tapered hole 113 is an upper collision wall of the first-stage oscillation chamber 141, the upper end of the second nozzle 12 has a first cone 124 extending into the first-stage oscillation chamber 141, the outer diameter of the first cone 124 is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, and the outer sidewall of the first cone 124 is a lower collision wall of the first-stage oscillation chamber 141.
As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment, the lower end of the second nozzle 12 has a second tapered hole 123 communicating with the secondary oscillation chamber 151, the inner diameter of the second tapered hole 123 is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, the inner sidewall of the second tapered hole 123 is an upper collision wall of the secondary oscillation chamber 151, the upper end of the third nozzle 13 has a second tapered body 133 extending into the secondary oscillation chamber 151, the outer diameter of the second tapered body 133 is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, and the outer sidewall of the second tapered body 133 is a lower collision wall of the secondary oscillation chamber 151.
Further, the taper angle of the upper collision wall and the lower collision wall of the primary oscillation chamber 141 is 120 °, and the taper angle of the upper collision wall and the lower collision wall of the secondary oscillation chamber 151 is 120 °.
Further, the primary oscillation cavity 141 and the secondary oscillation cavity 151 are cylindrical cavities, and the diameter of the primary oscillation cavity 141 is equal to that of the secondary oscillation cavity 151.
As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment, the first nozzle 11 has a first inlet 111, a first flow channel 112 and a first tapered hole 113 that are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the first inlet 111 is a trumpet-shaped opening with a diameter decreasing from top to bottom, the first flow channel 112 is a cylindrical hole, an inner diameter of the first tapered hole 113 is gradually increased from top to bottom, and a diameter of the primary oscillation cavity 141 is not smaller than a maximum diameter of the first tapered hole 113 (i.e., a bottom diameter of the first tapered hole 113).
Further, the minimum diameter of the first inlet 111 (i.e., the diameter of the bottom end of the first inlet 111), the diameter of the first flow passage 112, and the minimum diameter of the first tapered hole 113 (i.e., the diameter of the top end of the first tapered hole 113) are all equal.
Further, the maximum diameter of the first inlet 111 (i.e., the top end diameter of the first inlet 111), the maximum diameter of the first tapered hole 113 (i.e., the bottom end diameter of the first tapered hole 113), and the diameter of the primary oscillation chamber 141 are all equal.
Further, the axial length of the first inlet 111 is greater than the axial length of the first flow passage 112, and the axial length of the first inlet 111 is greater than the axial length of the first tapered hole 113.
As shown in fig. 1, in a specific embodiment, the second nozzle 12 has a second inlet 121, a second flow channel 122 and a second taper hole 123 which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, the second inlet 121 is located inside the primary oscillation cavity 141, the second inlet 121 is a horn-shaped opening with a diameter decreasing from top to bottom, the second flow channel 122 is a cylindrical hole, an inner diameter of the second taper hole 123 is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, a maximum diameter of the second inlet 121 (i.e., a top end diameter of the second inlet 121) is smaller than a diameter of the primary oscillation cavity 141, so that the fluid jet becomes an interrupted vortex ring, and a diameter of the secondary oscillation cavity 151 is not smaller than a maximum diameter of the second taper hole 123 (i.e., a bottom end diameter of the second taper hole 123).
Further, the minimum diameter of the second inlet 121 (i.e., the bottom end diameter of the second inlet 121), the diameter of the second flow passage 122, and the minimum diameter of the second tapered hole 123 (i.e., the top end diameter of the second tapered hole 123) are all equal.
Further, the maximum diameter of the second tapered hole 123 (i.e., the bottom end diameter of the second tapered hole 123) is equal to the diameter of the secondary oscillation cavity 151.
Further, the maximum diameter of the second inlet 121 (i.e., the top end diameter of the second inlet 121) is smaller than the maximum diameter of the second tapered hole 123 (i.e., the bottom end diameter of the second tapered hole 123).
Further, the axial length of the second inlet 121 is smaller than the axial length of the second tapered hole 123, and the maximum diameter of the second inlet 121 (i.e., the upper end diameter of the second inlet 121) is slightly larger than the minimum diameter of the second inlet 121 (i.e., the lower end diameter of the second inlet 121).
As shown in fig. 1, in a specific embodiment, the third nozzle 13 has a third inlet 131 and a third flow channel 132 which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, the third inlet 131 is located inside the secondary oscillation cavity 151, the third inlet 131 is a trumpet-shaped opening with a diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, the third flow channel 132 is a cylindrical hole, and the maximum diameter of the third inlet 131 (i.e. the diameter of the top end of the third inlet 131) is smaller than the diameter of the secondary oscillation cavity 151, so that the fluid jet becomes an interrupted vortex ring.
Further, the minimum diameter of the third inlet 131 (i.e., the diameter of the bottom end of the third inlet 131) is equal to the diameter of the third flow channel 132.
Further, the axial length of the third inlet 131 is smaller than the axial length of the third flow channel 132, and the maximum diameter of the third inlet 131 (i.e., the upper end diameter of the third inlet 131) is slightly larger than the minimum diameter of the third inlet 131 (i.e., the lower end diameter of the third inlet 131).
Further, the diameter of the first flow channel 112, the diameter of the second flow channel 122, and the diameter of the third flow channel 132 are all equal.
Further, the maximum diameter of the first inlet 111 is greater than that of the second inlet 121, the maximum diameter of the second inlet 121 is greater than that of the third inlet 131, the length of the first inlet 111 is greater than that of the second inlet 121, the length of the second inlet 121 is greater than that of the third inlet 131, the length of the first flow passage 112 is less than that of the third flow passage 132, and the length of the second flow passage 122 is less than that of the third flow passage 132.
The pulse jet generator 1 of the invention can make jet flow generate oscillation pulse, and convert continuous jet flow into pulse jet flow, thereby overcoming the defect of small continuous energy of the existing continuous jet flow, improving the instantaneous impact force of jet flow, and improving the effective jet distance and the instantaneous hydraulic energy of jet flow reaching the bottom of a well.
The pulse jet generator 1 of the invention can be used in the technical field of oilfield flooding development, and can also be used in other fields requiring the conversion of stable continuous jet into pulse jet.
Implementation mode one
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the present invention further provides a pulse jet generating device 10 for layered water injection and blockage removal, the pulse jet generating device 10 comprises a tubular first upper joint 2 capable of being connected in series to an oil pipe, a tubular main body 3 and the pulse jet generator 1, the upper end of the main body 3 is connected with the lower end of the first upper joint 2, the side wall of the upper end of the main body 3 is provided with a mounting cavity 31 communicated with the first upper joint 2, the side wall of the main body 3 is also provided with a liquid discharge hole 32, the liquid discharge hole 32 extends from the bottom of the mounting cavity 31 to the outer side wall of the main body 3 to communicate the mounting cavity 31 with the outside of the main body 3, the pulse jet generator 1 is fixed in the mounting cavity 31 and communicated with the first upper joint 2 and the liquid discharge hole 32, a stable continuous fluid flows into the pulse jet generator 1 through the first upper joint 2, a pulse jet sprayed from a third nozzle 13 is discharged through the liquid discharge hole 32, and entering the corresponding reservoir.
According to the invention, the pulse jet generator 1 is arranged in the side wall of the main body 3, and the pulse jet generator 1 converts the stable continuous fluid into the pulse jet, so that the energy of the liquid is increased, the defect of small continuous energy of the stable continuous fluid is overcome, and no additional energy action is needed.
When water is injected in a layered mode, the pulse jet generator 1 enables injected water to generate a pulse oscillation effect, so that the injected water enters a stratum in a fluctuation mode, the water flooding wave area is enlarged, the probability of blocking a pore throat by impurities is reduced, the water injection effect is improved, and the water injection speed is increased; when the blockage is removed, the pulse jet flow generator 1 makes the acid liquid generate a pulse oscillation effect, so that the acid liquid enters the stratum in a fluctuation mode, the waves act on the stratum by strong alternating pressure to generate periodic tension-compression stress in the stratum, and the medium in a vibration field is excited, so that certain physical quantity of medium particles is repeatedly changed, solid attachments deposited in oil layer pores are gradually loosened and separated, and the action radius and the action strength of the acid liquid are improved. Therefore, the invention solves the problems of unchanged water flooding and area and blockage of pore throats by impurities caused by stable continuous water flow water injection in the prior art, and solves the problems of complete dependence of the blockage removal effect on the performance of chemical agents and higher investment cost in blockage removal by adopting stable continuous acid liquid.
As shown in fig. 2, specifically, the first top sub 2 and the main body 3 are coaxially arranged, the central hole of the first top sub 2 is communicated with the central hole of the main body 3, the lower end of the first top sub 2 has an internal thread, the upper end of the main body 3 has an external thread, the upper end of the main body 3 extends into the inner side of the lower end of the first top sub 2 and is in threaded connection with the lower end of the first top sub 2, the mounting cavity 31 extends downwards from the upper end surface of the side wall of the main body 3, the mounting cavity 31 is a cylindrical cavity, the central axis of the mounting cavity 31 is parallel to the central axis of the main body 3, the drain hole 32 is located below the mounting cavity 31, the drain hole 32 is obliquely arranged relative to the central axis of the main body 3, and the drain hole 32 enables liquid to flow out from the outer side wall of the main body 3, enter the oil jacket annulus between the oil pipe 30 and.
Further, the diameter of the drain hole 32 is larger than that of the third flow channel 132.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, further, the pulse jet generator 1 further includes a third cylinder 16, the third cylinder 16 is disposed on the top of the first nozzle 11, a liquid inlet chamber 161 is formed in the third cylinder 16, and the liquid inlet chamber 161 is communicated with the first upper joint 2 and the first nozzle 11.
Specifically, the third cylinder 16, the first nozzle 11, the first cylinder 14, the second nozzle 12, the second cylinder 15 and the third nozzle 13 are sequentially coaxially arranged from top to bottom and sequentially abutted against one another, and the device is simple in structure and convenient to install.
Further, the diameter of the liquid inlet chamber 161 of the third cylinder 16 is equal to the diameters of the primary oscillation chamber 141 and the secondary oscillation chamber 151.
As shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment, the pulse jet generating device 10 further includes an annular flow guiding body 4, the flow guiding body 4 is disposed in the first upper joint 2, an annular step is disposed on an inner wall of the first upper joint 2, an upper end of the flow guiding body 4 abuts against the annular step, a lower end of the flow guiding body 4 abuts against the pulse jet generator 1, a flow guiding hole 41 is disposed in an annular wall of the flow guiding body 4, and the flow guiding hole 41 connects the first upper joint 2 and the pulse jet generator 1. Through setting up baffle 4, not only can communicate first top connection 2 and pulse jet generator 1, can also compress tightly pulse jet generator 1, conveniently install and dismantle pulse jet generator 1.
Further, the diameter of the guiding hole 41 is larger than that of the liquid inlet chamber 161 of the third cylinder 16.
As shown in fig. 5, the present invention further provides a water injection and blockage removal integrated string 100 for separate layer water injection and blockage removal, wherein the water injection and blockage removal integrated string 100 comprises at least two pulse jet generation devices 10 for separate layer water injection and blockage removal and at least two first packers 20, the pulse jet generation devices 10 and the first packers 20 are alternately connected in series on an oil pipe 30, each pulse jet generation device 10 corresponds to each reservoir 200 one by one, and the uppermost first packer 20 is located above the uppermost pulse jet generation device 10.
Further, a plug 40 or a ball seat for ball-throwing setting is connected to the lower end of the oil pipe 30 to close the lower end opening of the oil pipe 30.
The first packer 20 is a well-known structure in the prior art, such as a K341 or K344 packer, which can be automatically set by the throttle pressure difference when the water injection or blocking removal operation is resumed (i.e., when acid is injected or squeezed), and which can be reliably set, effectively protect the casing above the construction interval, and complete the packing to prevent the injected water or acid from flowing upward.
As shown in fig. 5, the present invention further provides a water injection and blockage removal method for separate-zone water injection and blockage removal, wherein the water injection and blockage removal method adopts the water injection and blockage removal integrated string 100 for separate-zone water injection and blockage removal to perform separate-zone water injection and blockage removal on at least two reservoirs 200, and the water injection and blockage removal method comprises:
during water injection, connecting a wellhead water injection flow, closing the casing gate 60, opening the main gate 70 and the oil pipe gate 50, injecting water, converting the injected water into pulse jet when the injected water flows through the pulse jet generator 1 of the pulse jet generating device 10, discharging the pulse jet through the liquid discharge hole 32, and entering the corresponding reservoir 200;
when the blockage is removed, stopping water injection, recording wellhead pressure, closing the casing gate 60 and the oil pipe gate 50, connecting the pump truck and the oil pipe gate 50, performing pressure test to 20MPa by adopting a construction pipeline, ensuring that the pipeline is not punctured and leak-proof, opening the oil pipe gate 50 after the pressure test is qualified, pumping acid liquor into the oil pipe 30 by using the pump truck, slowly pumping, gradually increasing the pressure to be controlled within 18MPa, converting the acid liquor into pulse jet when the acid liquor flows through the pulse jet generator 1 of the pulse jet generation device 10, discharging the pulse jet liquor through the liquid discharge hole 32, entering a corresponding reservoir stratum, pumping clear water into the oil pipe 30 after the blockage removal is completed until no acid liquor remains in the oil pipe 30, finally constructing the pipeline and the pump truck, and recovering normal water injection after stewing for 12 hours.
Second embodiment
As shown in fig. 6, the present invention further provides a pulse jet generating device 10 'for general water injection and blockage removal, the pulse jet generating device 10' comprises an outer cylinder 5 capable of being connected in series to an oil pipe and the above-mentioned pulse jet generator 1, the pulse jet generator 1 is fixed in the outer cylinder 5, a stable continuous fluid flows into the pulse jet generator 1 through an inlet at the upper end of the outer cylinder 5, and the pulse jet sprayed from the third nozzle 13 is discharged through an outlet at the lower end of the outer cylinder 5.
The pulse jet generator 1 is arranged in the outer cylinder 5 to carry out the general water injection, and the pulse jet generator 1 converts the stable continuous fluid into the pulse jet, thereby increasing the energy of the liquid, overcoming the defect of small continuous energy of the stable continuous fluid and needing no additional energy action.
When the water is injected in a general manner, the pulse jet generator 1 enables the injected water to generate a pulse oscillation effect, so that the injected water enters the stratum in a fluctuation mode, the water flooding wave area is enlarged, the probability of blocking a pore throat by impurities is reduced, the water injection effect is improved, and the water injection speed is increased; when the blockage is removed, the pulse jet flow generator 1 makes the acid liquid generate a pulse oscillation effect, so that the acid liquid enters the stratum in a fluctuation mode, the waves act on the stratum by strong alternating pressure to generate periodic tension-compression stress in the stratum, and the medium in a vibration field is excited, so that certain physical quantity of medium particles is repeatedly changed, solid attachments deposited in oil layer pores are gradually loosened and separated, and the action radius and the action strength of the acid liquid are improved. Therefore, the invention solves the problems of unchanged water flooding and area and blockage of pore throats by impurities caused by stable continuous water flow water injection in the prior art, and solves the problems of complete dependence of the blockage removal effect on the performance of chemical agents and higher investment cost in blockage removal by adopting stable continuous acid liquid.
As shown in fig. 6, in a specific embodiment, the outer cylinder 5 includes a second upper connector 51, an outer sleeve 52 and a pressing cap 53 connected in sequence from top to bottom, the pulse jet generator 1 is fixed in the outer sleeve 52, the upper end of the pulse jet generator 1 abuts against the lower end of the second upper connector 51, the lower end of the pulse jet generator 1 abuts against the upper end of the pressing cap 53, the second upper connector 51, the pulse jet generator 1 and the pressing cap 53 are connected in sequence, the stable continuous fluid flows into the pulse jet generator 1 through the second upper connector 51, and the pulse jet ejected from the third nozzle 13 is ejected into the reservoir through the pressing cap 53.
Specifically, the lower end of the second upper joint 51 is provided with external threads, the upper end of the outer sleeve 52 is provided with internal threads, the lower end of the second upper joint 51 extends into the upper end of the outer sleeve 52 to be abutted against the upper end of the pulse jet generator 1, the lower end of the second upper joint 51 is in threaded connection with the upper end of the outer sleeve 52, an upper cavity is arranged in the second upper joint 51, and the upper cavity is communicated with the pulse jet generator 1; the upper end of the pressing cap 53 is provided with external threads, the lower end of the outer sleeve 52 is provided with internal threads, the upper end of the pressing cap 53 extends into the lower end of the outer sleeve 52 to be abutted against the lower end of the pulse jet generator 1, the upper end of the pressing cap 53 is in threaded connection with the lower end of the outer sleeve 52, a lower chamber 531 is arranged in the pressing cap 53, the lower chamber 531 is communicated with the pulse jet generator 1, stable continuous fluid flows in through the upper chamber 511 of the second upper connector 51, is converted into pulse jet when flowing through the pulse jet generator 1, flows out into a shaft through the lower chamber 531 of the pressing cap 53, and then enters a reservoir stratum.
As shown in fig. 7, the present invention further provides a water injection and blockage removal integrated string 100 ' for general water injection and blockage removal, which comprises the above-mentioned pulse jet flow generation device 10 ' and second packer 20 ', wherein the pulse jet flow generation device 10 ' and the second packer 20 ' are connected in series on the oil pipe 30 ', the second packer 20 ' is located above the pulse jet flow generation device 10 ', and the second packer 20 ' is located above the reservoirs 300, so as to seal the space in the casing 80 ' opposite to each reservoir 300 between the second packer 20 ' and the well bottom 400.
The second packer 20' is a structure known in the art, for example, a Y521 type packer, a K341 type packer, or a K344 type packer is used, wherein the Y521 type packer is set by a rotating string during operation and completion, and the K341 type packer and the K344 type packer are expansion type packers, which are set by a throttling pressure difference during water injection or plugging agent injection, and are reliable in setting, capable of effectively protecting a casing above a construction interval, and completing the packing, so as to prevent injected water or acid liquid from flowing upwards.
The flooding is to simultaneously flood one reservoir 300 or a plurality of reservoirs 300, and the plugging removal is to simultaneously remove one reservoir 300 or a plurality of reservoirs 300, namely, conventional flooding and conventional plugging removal, which are relative to zonal flooding and zonal plugging removal.
As shown in FIG. 7, in one embodiment, the number of the pulse jet generating devices 10 'is one, and the number of the second packers 20' is one.
The packer of the water injection and blockage removal integrated tubular column 100' is reliable in setting, effectively protects the casing above the construction layer section, can perform general water injection, can meet the requirement of blockage removal measures, and realizes integration of water injection and blockage removal.
The pulse jet generating device 10 'and the water injection and blockage removal integrated pipe column 100' are used for expanding swept volume through long-term pulse water injection, and can be matched with an acidification measure to remove stratum blockage and improve the blockage removal effect of the acidification measure.
As shown in fig. 7, the present invention further provides a water injection plugging removal method, which adopts the above-mentioned water injection plugging removal integrated string 100' for collectively injecting water and removing plugging to perform collectively injecting water and removing plugging to a reservoir 300, and the water injection plugging removal method comprises:
during water injection, connecting a wellhead water injection flow, closing a casing gate, opening a main gate and an oil pipe gate, injecting water, converting the injected water into pulse jet when the injected water flows through a pulse jet generator 1 of a pulse jet generating device, and then entering a reservoir 300;
when the blockage is removed, stopping water injection, closing a sleeve gate and an oil pipe gate, connecting a pump truck and the oil pipe gate, testing the pressure to 20MPa by adopting a construction pipeline, ensuring that the pipeline is not punctured or leak-proof, opening the oil pipe gate after the pressure testing is qualified, pumping acid liquid into the oil pipe by using the pump truck, slowly pumping the acid liquid to ensure that the pressure is gradually increased and controlled within 18MPa, converting the acid liquid into pulse jet when the acid liquid flows through a pulse jet generator 1 of a pulse jet generating device, then entering a reservoir stratum, pumping clear water into the oil pipe after the blockage is removed until no acid liquid remains in the oil pipe, finally constructing the pipeline and the pump truck, and recovering normal water injection after stewing for 12 hours.
By adopting the water injection deblocking method, the pulsating water injection is realized without underground tools such as a special blanking plug and the like, special equipment is not required to be used for a long time, the universality is strong, equipment is not required to be additionally arranged on the site during water injection, an original water injection pipe network is adopted, the acid liquid pump in the tank car is injected into the well by using a pump truck on the site during deblocking, other devices are not additionally arranged on the well mouth, the safety of the original water injection well mouth is high, the construction cost is saved, the operation time is shortened, and the water injection and deblocking effects are improved.
The invention can realize pulsating water injection and pulsating acid liquid injection, realize unsteady state injection of liquid, and change the mode of stable water injection and stable acid liquid injection in the prior art.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should be considered within the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the components of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned whole application, and various technical features described in the present specification can be selected to be used alone or in combination according to actual needs, so that the present invention naturally covers other combinations and specific applications related to the invention.
Claims (16)
1. The utility model provides a pulse jet generator, its characterized in that, pulse jet generator is including first nozzle, second nozzle and the third nozzle that from top to bottom sets gradually, first nozzle with one-level surge chamber has between the second nozzle, the second nozzle with second grade surge chamber has between the third nozzle, first nozzle one-level surge chamber the second nozzle second grade surge chamber with the third nozzle communicates in proper order, by the stable continuous fluid that first nozzle flowed in is flowing through one-level surge chamber with change into pulse jet during second grade surge chamber again by the third nozzle blowout.
2. The pulsed jet generator of claim 1 further comprising a first barrel disposed between the first nozzle and the second nozzle, the first barrel defining the primary oscillation chamber therein, and a second barrel disposed between the second nozzle and the third nozzle, the second barrel defining the secondary oscillation chamber therein.
3. The pulse jet generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower end of the first nozzle has a first tapered hole communicating with the primary oscillation chamber, the inner diameter of the first tapered hole is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, the inner sidewall of the first tapered hole is an upper collision wall of the primary oscillation chamber, the upper end of the second nozzle has a first cone extending into the primary oscillation chamber, the outer diameter of the first cone is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, and the outer sidewall of the first cone is a lower collision wall of the primary oscillation chamber.
4. The pulse jet generator according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the second nozzle has a second tapered hole communicating with the secondary oscillation cavity, the inner diameter of the second tapered hole is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, the inner side wall of the second tapered hole is an upper collision wall of the secondary oscillation cavity, the upper end of the third nozzle has a second tapered body extending into the secondary oscillation cavity, the outer diameter of the second tapered body is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, and the outer side wall of the second tapered body is a lower collision wall of the secondary oscillation cavity.
5. The pulse jet generator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first nozzle has a first inlet, a first flow channel and a first tapered hole connected in sequence from top to bottom, the first inlet is a trumpet-shaped opening with a diameter decreasing from top to bottom, the first flow channel is a cylindrical hole, the inner diameter of the first tapered hole is gradually increased from top to bottom, and the diameter of the primary oscillation cavity is not smaller than the maximum diameter of the first tapered hole.
6. The pulse jet generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second nozzle has a second inlet, a second flow channel, and a second tapered hole therein, the second inlet is located inside the primary oscillation cavity, the second inlet is a horn-shaped opening with a diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, the second flow channel is a cylindrical hole, the inner diameter of the second tapered hole gradually increases from top to bottom, the maximum diameter of the second inlet is smaller than the diameter of the primary oscillation cavity, and the diameter of the secondary oscillation cavity is not smaller than the maximum diameter of the second tapered hole.
7. The pulsed jet generator of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the third nozzle has a third inlet and a third flow channel therein, the third inlet is located inside the secondary oscillation cavity, the third inlet is a horn-shaped opening with a diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, the third flow channel is a cylindrical hole, and the maximum diameter of the third inlet is smaller than the diameter of the secondary oscillation cavity.
8. A pulse jet generating device is used for stratified water injection and comprises a first cylindrical upper joint, a cylindrical main body and the pulse jet generator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the upper end of the main body is connected with the lower end of the first upper joint, an installation cavity communicated with the first upper joint and a liquid discharge hole located below the installation cavity are formed in the side wall of the main body, the liquid discharge hole extends from the bottom of the installation cavity to the outer side wall of the main body and communicates the installation cavity with the outside of the main body, the pulse jet generator is fixed in the installation cavity and is communicated with the first upper joint and the liquid discharge hole, and pulse jets sprayed by a third nozzle are discharged through the liquid discharge hole.
9. The pulse jet generating device according to claim 8, wherein the pulse jet generator further comprises a third cylinder, the third cylinder is disposed on the top of the first nozzle, and an inlet chamber is formed in the third cylinder and is communicated with the first upper joint and the first nozzle.
10. The pulse jet generating device according to claim 8, further comprising an annular flow guiding body, wherein the flow guiding body is disposed in the first upper joint, an annular step is disposed on an inner wall of the first upper joint, an upper end of the flow guiding body abuts against the annular step, a lower end of the flow guiding body abuts against the pulse jet generator, and a flow guiding hole is disposed in the annular wall of the flow guiding body and communicates the first upper joint with the pulse jet generator.
11. A water injection and blockage removal integrated pipe column for layered water injection and blockage removal, which is characterized by comprising at least two pulse jet generation devices as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 10 and at least two first packers, wherein the pulse jet generation devices and the first packers are alternately connected in series on an oil pipe, each pulse jet generation device corresponds to each reservoir layer one by one, and the uppermost first packer is positioned above the uppermost pulse jet generation device.
12. A water injection deblocking method for separate water injection and deblocking, which is characterized in that the water injection deblocking method adopts the water injection deblocking integrated tubular column as claimed in claim 11 to perform separate water injection and deblocking on at least two reservoirs, and the water injection deblocking method comprises the following steps:
during water injection, connecting a wellhead water injection flow, closing a casing gate, opening a main gate and an oil pipe gate, then injecting water, converting the injected water into pulse jet when the injected water flows through a pulse jet generator of a pulse jet generating device, discharging the pulse jet through the liquid discharge hole, and entering a corresponding reservoir stratum;
when the blockage is removed, stopping water injection, closing the sleeve pipe gate and the oil pipe gate, connecting the pump truck with the oil pipe gate, opening the oil pipe gate after the pressure test is qualified, pumping acid liquid into the oil pipe by using the pump truck, converting the acid liquid into pulse jet flow when the acid liquid flows through a pulse jet flow generator of the pulse jet flow generating device, discharging the pulse jet flow through the liquid discharge hole, entering a corresponding reservoir stratum, and pumping clear water into the oil pipe after the blockage removal is completed until no acid liquid is left in the oil pipe.
13. A pulsed jet generator for general flooding, the pulsed jet generator comprising an outer barrel connectable in series to an oil pipe and a pulsed jet generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the pulsed jet generator being secured within the outer barrel, the pulsed jet emitted by the third nozzle being discharged via an outlet of the outer barrel.
14. The pulse jet generating device according to claim 13, wherein the outer cylinder includes a second upper joint, a jacket, and a pressing cap, which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the pulse jet generating device is fixed in the jacket, an upper end of the pulse jet generating device abuts against a lower end of the second upper joint, a lower end of the pulse jet generating device abuts against an upper end of the pressing cap, the second upper joint, the pulse jet generating device, and the pressing cap are sequentially connected, and the pulse jet ejected from the third nozzle is discharged through the pressing cap.
15. A water injection and blockage removal integrated pipe string for general water injection and blockage removal, which is characterized by comprising the pulse jet generation device and a second packer as claimed in claim 13 or 14, wherein the pulse jet generation device and the second packer are connected in series on a tubing, the second packer is positioned above the pulse jet generation device, and the second packer is positioned above a reservoir.
16. A water injection deblocking method for general water injection and deblocking, characterized in that the water injection deblocking method adopts the water injection deblocking integrated tubular column as claimed in claim 15 to perform general water injection and deblocking on a reservoir stratum, and the water injection deblocking method comprises the following steps:
when water is injected, a wellhead water injection flow is connected, a sleeve gate is closed, a main gate and an oil pipe gate are opened, then water is injected, injected water is converted into pulse jet when flowing through a pulse jet generator of a pulse jet generating device, and then enters a reservoir stratum;
when the blockage is removed, stopping water injection, closing the sleeve pipe gate and the oil pipe gate, connecting the pump truck with the oil pipe gate, opening the oil pipe gate after the pressure test is qualified, pumping acid liquid into the oil pipe by using the pump truck, converting the acid liquid into pulse jet flow when the acid liquid flows through a pulse jet flow generator of the pulse jet flow generating device, then enabling the pulse jet flow generator to enter a reservoir stratum, and pumping clear water into the oil pipe after the blockage removal is completed until no acid liquid is left in the oil pipe.
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| CN201910841471.8A CN112459755A (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Pulse jet generator, generating device, water injection and blockage removal integrated tubular column and method |
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