CN112457084A - Organic fertilizer fermentation process - Google Patents
Organic fertilizer fermentation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112457084A CN112457084A CN202011435659.1A CN202011435659A CN112457084A CN 112457084 A CN112457084 A CN 112457084A CN 202011435659 A CN202011435659 A CN 202011435659A CN 112457084 A CN112457084 A CN 112457084A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/60—Heating or cooling during the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an organic fertilizer fermentation process, which comprises the following steps: arranging an air energy heat pump to enable the air energy heat pump and a fermentation mechanism to form a circulation loop, and controlling the working state of the air energy heat pump to collect or generate heat required during fermentation, so that heat in the fermentation machine is supplied and recycled, and the temperature in the fermentation machine is maintained in a preset temperature interval; the waste gas treatment device is arranged on the circulation loop, the fermentation machine is communicated with the oxygen supply module, the oxygen supply module is controlled to blow air or oxygen into the fermentation machine, and redundant gas in the circulation loop is discharged outside after being subjected to dust removal and deodorization treatment by the waste gas treatment device. The heat circulation in the circulation loop is realized by adding the air-source heat pump, so that the heat generated in the fermentation process can be fully collected and utilized, and the heat generated by the air-source heat pump is regulated, so that the fermentation machine can be maintained in a preset temperature range to ensure the proper fermentation temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer production, in particular to an organic fertilizer fermentation process.
Background
In the traditional large-scale production method of the coarse compost, 70 percent of the coarse compost adopts a groove type fermentation process, 20 to 30 percent of the coarse compost adopts a strip-pile type process, and the small-scale compost adopts reactor composting modes such as a tower type, a drum type, a bin type and the like. According to the traditional groove type fermentation process, materials are stacked in a fermentation groove, oxygen required by the materials is provided through a lower air blowing system, and turning and displacement of the materials are realized through moving and turning of a turning machine. The traditional process has low automation degree, long fermentation period, low decomposition efficiency and secondary aging time of about 30 days, and generally needs about 15 days. The groove type process is an open type process, the oxygen utilization efficiency is low, the environmental pollution is large, and the energy consumption for turning and displacing materials by using a turner is large.
In the traditional processing method of commercial organic fertilizer, dry matter auxiliary materials are added and mixed with livestock and poultry manure to adjust the dryness, humidity and carbon-nitrogen ratio. And (3) finishing composting by aerobic or anaerobic method for the materials meeting the fermentation conditions. Wherein the anaerobic method is called anaerobic composting, and the anaerobic composting period is as long as 3-6 months.
The aerobic method comprises two types of fermentation, namely aerobic dynamic fermentation and aerobic static fermentation. Aerobic static barn type fermentation and strip-stack type fermentation, wherein the fermentation period is as long as more than 20 days. The aerobic dynamic composting comprises processes of tower drum type and tank type, and the composting period is about 15 days. An aerobic dynamic tank type fermentation process is mostly adopted in the large-scale production of organic fertilizers. The tank type fermentation process generally constructs a fermentation tank with the width of more than 2 meters, the height of about 2 meters and the length of dozens of meters to hundreds of meters. The height of the material pile in the tank is 1.2-1.5 m. Oxygen is introduced into the bottom or the side part to ensure the oxygen quantity required by the microbial fermentation. When the air blast is aerated with oxygen, the moisture in the materials is taken away through the pressurized air so as to achieve the standard reaching of the moisture content index in the composting process. The stack turning machine moves and turns the stack on the track through the movable stack turning machine arranged on the groove, so that the stack turning and the shifting of the materials are realized. On one hand, the balance of the inside and outside oxygen supply fermentation reaction of the material is realized through turning, and the forward and backward movement of the material is realized through the displacement of the turner, so that the production continuity is realized. But the tank type fermentation process has low oxygenation efficiency and large energy consumption for turning and shifting. The fermentation tank is an open type process, malodorous gas generated in the fermentation stage permeates the whole workshop, the workshop environment is severe, and the malodorous gas is difficult to recover and purify. Difficult recovery and purification, and great influence on human body and environment. The tank type fermentation process has high ventilation requirement, large heat loss, poor fermentation reaction equilibrium, low reaction rate and low decomposition degree, and generally needs secondary aging. And ventilation system jam trouble is many, and the fermentation process is more difficult effective control.
When the existing organic fertilizer fermentation process is used for organic fertilizer fermentation production, heat generated in a fermentation machine is not fully utilized and is generally directly discharged to the outside, so that a large amount of energy is wasted, and the production cost is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an organic fertilizer fermentation process, which can recycle heat energy generated by fermentation and greatly save production cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an organic fertilizer fermentation process comprises the following steps:
arranging an air energy heat pump to enable the air energy heat pump and a fermentation mechanism to form a circulation loop, and controlling the working state of the air energy heat pump to collect or generate heat required during fermentation, so that heat in the fermentation machine is supplied and recycled, and the temperature in the fermentation machine is maintained in a preset temperature interval;
the waste gas treatment device is arranged on the circulation loop, the fermentation machine is communicated with the oxygen supply module, the oxygen supply module is controlled to blow air or oxygen into the fermentation machine, and redundant gas in the circulation loop is discharged outside after being subjected to dust removal and deodorization treatment by the waste gas treatment device.
Has the advantages that: the heat circulation in the circulation loop is realized by adding the air-source heat pump, so that the heat generated in the fermentation process can be fully collected and utilized, and the heat generated by the air-source heat pump is regulated, so that the fermentation machine can be maintained in a preset temperature range to ensure the proper fermentation temperature.
Further, in the early stage of fermentation, the power of the air energy heat pump is increased, and the temperature in the fermentation machine is quickly increased, so that the temperature quickly reaches a preset temperature interval.
Furthermore, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are arranged in the fermentation machine, the air quantity of the circulation loop can be adjusted, and when the temperature in the fermentation machine is detected to be too low and the humidity in the fermentation machine is detected to be too high, the air quantity is increased, so that the supply of hot air is increased; when the temperature and the humidity reach reasonable intervals, the air quantity is reduced, and then the hot air supply is reduced, so that the temperature and the humidity in the fermentation machine are kept balanced.
Furthermore, an evaporator and a condenser are arranged in the air energy heat pump, warm and humid gas generated by fermentation is dehydrated and dehumidified through the evaporator, and cold and dry gas is obtained; the cold dry gas is heated by a condenser to obtain hot dry gas, and the hot dry gas brings heat into the fermentation machine to maintain the temperature in the fermentation machine.
Furthermore, an oxygen content detection sensor is arranged in the fermentation machine, the oxygen content detection sensor transmits the acquired oxygen content information to the oxygen supply module, and the oxygen supply module is controlled to reduce the air volume or stop working when the oxygen content in the fermentation machine meets the requirement; when the oxygen content in the fermentation machine is too low, the oxygen supply module is controlled to increase the air volume.
Further, before starting fermentation, the circulation loop is subjected to a sealing heat preservation treatment.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an organic fertilizer fermentation process according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an organic fertilizer fermentation device in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the organic fertilizer fermentation process provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
arranging an air-source heat pump 2, enabling the air-source heat pump 2 and the fermentation machine 1 to form a circulation loop, controlling the working state of the air-source heat pump 2 to collect or generate heat required during fermentation, further realizing the supply and cyclic utilization of the heat in the fermentation machine 1, and enabling the temperature in the fermentation machine 1 to be maintained in a preset temperature interval;
the waste gas treatment device 4 is arranged on the circulation loop, the fermentation machine 1 is communicated with an oxygen supply module, the oxygen supply module is controlled to blow air or oxygen into the fermentation machine 1, and redundant gas in the circulation loop is discharged outside after being subjected to dust removal and deodorization treatment by the waste gas treatment device 4.
The heat circulation in the circulation loop is realized by adding the air-source heat pump 2, so that the heat generated in the fermentation process can be fully collected and utilized, and the heat generated by the air-source heat pump 2 is regulated, so that the fermentation machine 1 can be maintained in a preset temperature range to ensure the proper fermentation temperature.
Meanwhile, the waste gas treatment device 4 is arranged on the circulating loop, so that waste gas generated by fermentation can be conveniently treated in real time, and discharged gas is protected.
Further, at the initial stage of fermentation, the power of the air-source heat pump 2 is increased, and the temperature in the fermentation machine 1 is rapidly increased, so that the temperature rapidly reaches a preset temperature interval, and the fermentation efficiency is further improved.
Furthermore, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are arranged in the fermentation machine 1, an air supply fan 5 is arranged on the circulating loop, and the air quantity is adjusted by controlling the power of the air supply fan 5. When the temperature in the fermentation machine 1 is detected to be too low and the humidity is detected to be too high, the heat supply fan 5 is controlled to increase the air volume, and then the supply of hot air is increased; when the temperature and the humidity reach a reasonable interval, the air supply fan 5 is controlled to reduce the air quantity, so that the supply of hot air is reduced, and the temperature and the humidity in the fermentation machine 1 are kept balanced.
Further, an evaporator 22 and a condenser 21 are arranged in the air-source heat pump 2, warm and humid gas generated by fermentation is firstly dehydrated and dehumidified through the evaporator 22, and cold dry gas is obtained; the cold dry gas is then heated by condenser 21 to obtain hot dry gas, which brings heat into the fermenter 1 to maintain the temperature in the fermenter 1. Under the action of the evaporator 22 and the condenser 21, the circulating air is continuously dehumidified and heated, so that the proper humidity and temperature in the fermentation machine 1 are ensured.
Further, an oxygen content detection sensor is arranged in the fermentation machine 1, the oxygen content detection sensor transmits the acquired oxygen content information to an oxygen supply module, and when the oxygen content in the fermentation machine 1 meets the requirement, the oxygen supply module is controlled to reduce the air volume or stop working; when the oxygen content in the fermentation machine 1 is too low, the oxygen supply module is controlled to increase the air volume.
Specifically, the oxygen supply module is an oxygen supply fan 3.
Further, in order to ensure the sealing property and heat retaining property of the circulation circuit, the circulation circuit is subjected to sealing heat retaining treatment in advance before starting fermentation.
The invention adopts a full-automatic closed fermentation device, the external part of the device adopts a heat preservation facility for heat preservation, and the internal part can maintain constant fermentation temperature, so that the stacking height of the fermentation material can be freely selected, the air permeability of the material can be better solved, and the reaction rate of the material during fermentation can be improved.
A fertilizer fermenting installation for realizing this fertilizer fermentation technology mainly comprises fermentation machine 1, air can heat pump 2, oxygen suppliment fan 3, exhaust treatment device 4 and circulating fan 5. The condenser 21 in the air energy heat pump 2 heats air to provide hot air for the fermentation machine 1, so that the temperature in the fermentation process is kept stable. The hot air takes away the moisture in the organic fertilizer, and the air coming out of the fermentation machine 1 passes through the waste gas treatment device 4 and then enters the air energy heat pump 2. The evaporator 22 in the air-source heat pump 2 dehumidifies the warm air to remove the excess moisture in the organic fertilizer. The circulating fan 5 enables the air-source heat pump 2 to continuously supply heat and dehumidify materials in the fermentation machine 1, and the oxygen supply fan 3 supplies external air to the fermentation machine 1 to supply oxygen to the fermentation materials. The amount of hot air provided by the air energy heat pump 2 and the amount of oxygen supply air provided by the oxygen supply fan 3 can be monitored and controlled according to sensors in the fermentation machine 1.
The whole device realizes full-closed and full-automatic operation, and the whole fermentation process is operated at high temperature, particularly, the dehumidification and deodorization are simultaneously carried out, so that the whole fermentation process is combined into a process from three processes of the original temperature rise stage, the original high temperature stage and the original temperature reduction stage.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. An organic fertilizer fermentation process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
arranging an air energy heat pump to enable the air energy heat pump and a fermentation mechanism to form a circulation loop, and controlling the working state of the air energy heat pump to collect or generate heat required during fermentation, so that heat in the fermentation machine is supplied and recycled, and the temperature in the fermentation machine is maintained in a preset temperature interval;
the waste gas treatment device is arranged on the circulation loop, the fermentation machine is communicated with the oxygen supply module, the oxygen supply module is controlled to blow air or oxygen into the fermentation machine, and redundant gas in the circulation loop is discharged outside after being subjected to dust removal and deodorization treatment by the waste gas treatment device.
2. The organic fertilizer fermentation process of claim 1, characterized in that: and in the initial fermentation stage, the power of the air energy heat pump is increased, and the temperature in the fermentation machine is quickly increased, so that the temperature quickly reaches a preset temperature interval.
3. The organic fertilizer fermentation process of claim 2, characterized in that: a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are arranged in the fermentation machine, the air quantity of the circulation loop can be adjusted, and when the temperature in the fermentation machine is detected to be too low and the humidity is detected to be too high, the air quantity is increased, so that the supply of hot air is increased; when the temperature and the humidity reach reasonable intervals, the air quantity is reduced, and then the hot air supply is reduced, so that the temperature and the humidity in the fermentation machine are kept balanced.
4. The organic fertilizer fermentation process of claim 3, characterized in that: an evaporator and a condenser are arranged in the air energy heat pump, warm and humid gas generated by fermentation is dehydrated and dehumidified through the evaporator, and cold dry gas is obtained; the cold dry gas is heated by a condenser to obtain hot dry gas, and the hot dry gas brings heat into the fermentation machine to maintain the temperature in the fermentation machine.
5. The organic fertilizer fermentation process of claim 1, characterized in that: an oxygen content detection sensor is arranged in the fermentation machine and transmits the acquired oxygen content information to an oxygen supply module, and when the oxygen content in the fermentation machine meets the requirement, the oxygen supply module is controlled to reduce the air volume or stop working; when the oxygen content in the fermentation machine is too low, the oxygen supply module is controlled to increase the air volume.
6. The organic fertilizer fermentation process of claim 1, characterized in that: before fermentation, the circulation loop is subjected to sealing and heat preservation treatment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011435659.1A CN112457084A (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2020-12-10 | Organic fertilizer fermentation process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011435659.1A CN112457084A (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2020-12-10 | Organic fertilizer fermentation process |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114736050A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-07-12 | 山东凯翔传热科技有限公司 | Production equipment for zymocyte fertilizer |
| CN114988928A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-09-02 | 湖南工业大学 | Degradable plastic compost treatment system and control method thereof |
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| CN114736050A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-07-12 | 山东凯翔传热科技有限公司 | Production equipment for zymocyte fertilizer |
| CN114988928A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-09-02 | 湖南工业大学 | Degradable plastic compost treatment system and control method thereof |
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