CN112456755A - Wastewater sludge reduction treatment system - Google Patents
Wastewater sludge reduction treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112456755A CN112456755A CN202011546647.6A CN202011546647A CN112456755A CN 112456755 A CN112456755 A CN 112456755A CN 202011546647 A CN202011546647 A CN 202011546647A CN 112456755 A CN112456755 A CN 112456755A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wastewater sludge reduction treatment system, which comprises a filtering device, an adjusting tank, an ultrasonic treatment tank, a buffer tank, a sludge acidification tank, a sedimentation tank, a sludge dewatering unit, a sludge drying unit and a sludge storage device, wherein the adjusting tank comprises a first tank body, a biological biofilm formation combined filler and an aeration device, and the biological biofilm formation combined filler and the aeration device are arranged in the first tank body; the inlet of the filtering device is used for introducing sludge to be treated, the outlet of the filtering device is communicated with the inlet of the regulating tank, the outlet of the regulating tank is communicated with the inlet of the ultrasonic treatment tank, the outlet of the ultrasonic treatment tank is communicated with the inlet of the sludge acidification tank through the buffer tank, the outlet of the sludge acidification tank is communicated with the inlet of the sludge dewatering unit through the sedimentation tank, the outlet of the sludge dewatering unit is communicated with the inlet of the sludge drying unit, and the outlet of the sludge drying unit is communicated with the sludge storage. Through the technical scheme, the efficient dehydration of the sludge can be realized, and a good foundation is provided for the subsequent treatment and disposal of the sludge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sludge treatment, in particular to a wastewater sludge reduction treatment system.
Background
The sludge is a byproduct generated in the process of purifying and treating sewage by a sewage treatment plant, is an extremely complex heterogeneous body, mainly comprises inorganic particles, bacterial thalli, colloid, organic residues and the like, is rich in organic matters, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and trace elements, is a good organic fertilizer, and has wide resource utilization prospect. However, the high water content of the sludge and the large amount of pollutants enriched in the sludge restrict the further utilization of the sludge and bring about a plurality of problems for the treatment and disposal of the sludge. Sludge which is not effectively treated is easy to cause secondary pollution to underground water, soil and the like, and has great threat to environmental safety and public health, and simultaneously, the environmental benefit of sewage treatment facilities can be greatly reduced.
The sludge can be divided into primary precipitated sludge, residual activated sludge, humic sludge and the like according to different sludge sources. Wherein, the residual activated sludge is usually from a secondary sedimentation tank after an activated sludge process, the color of the residual activated sludge is usually gray or dark gray, the relative density of the residual activated sludge is slightly larger than that of water, the particles are finer, the water content is higher, and the dehydration performance is poorer. Mainly comprises four parts of active microorganisms, microorganism autooxidation residues, organic matters and inorganic matters which are attached on the surface of the active sludge and are not degraded or difficult to degrade, and is the type of sludge mainly treated by the method.
At present, the conventional sludge disposal modes mainly comprise incineration, landfill, land utilization and the like. Incineration and landfill have the defects of high cost, limited site, easy secondary pollution and the like, and the higher water content of the sludge also generates greater obstruction to the landfill, incineration, composting and other treatment of the sludge. The method has the advantages that the sludge reduction is promoted, the reduction of the water content of the sludge is the key for saving the sludge treatment cost and improving the subsequent treatment efficiency of the sludge, and the method is also the primary link for realizing the harmlessness and the resource utilization of the sludge. The most common sludge reduction treatment methods at home and abroad are mainly divided into the following three types: (1) physical method: promoting sludge dewatering by applying energy or stress through external physical methods, such as an ultrasonic method, a heat treatment method and the like; (2) the chemical method comprises the following steps: the physicochemical property of the sludge is changed by adding a chemical conditioner to promote the sludge reduction, such as Fenton oxidation, ozone oxidation, anaerobic digestion, chemical flocculation and the like; (3) the biological method comprises the following steps: the sludge reduction is promoted by the growth and metabolism of microorganisms, such as a strain addition regulation method and the like. Although some advanced technical methods show good use effects in the test stage, the cost and technical conditions are limited in the practical application process, and the large-scale popularization is difficult.
At present, the sludge dewatering process commonly adopted by sewage treatment plants in China is to add flocculant such as PAM and the like into liquid sludge and then carry out mechanical dewatering. The method is simple to operate and short in treatment time, but the water content of the dewatered sludge is still as high as 80-85%, and the treatment effect is not obvious. Therefore, under the new trend of sludge treatment, a set of novel sludge reduction treatment system is developed to improve the dehydration performance of sludge, and is necessary for mechanical dehydration and subsequent treatment and disposal of sludge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wastewater sludge reduction treatment system, which realizes efficient dehydration of sludge and provides a good foundation for subsequent treatment and disposal of the sludge.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a wastewater sludge reduction treatment system comprises a filtering device, an adjusting tank, an ultrasonic treatment tank, a buffer tank, a sludge acidification tank, a sedimentation tank, a sludge dewatering unit, a sludge drying unit and a sludge storage device, wherein the adjusting tank comprises a first tank body, a biological biofilm formation combined filler and an aeration device, and the biological biofilm formation combined filler and the aeration device are arranged in the first tank body;
the inlet of the filtering device is used for introducing sludge to be treated, the outlet of the filtering device is communicated with the inlet of the regulating tank, the outlet of the regulating tank is communicated with the inlet of the ultrasonic treatment tank, the outlet of the ultrasonic treatment tank is communicated with the inlet of the buffer tank, the outlet of the buffer tank is communicated with the inlet of the sludge acidification tank, the outlet of the sludge acidification tank is communicated with the inlet of the sedimentation tank, the outlet at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is communicated with the inlet of the sludge dewatering unit, the outlet of the sludge dewatering unit is communicated with the inlet of the sludge drying unit, and the outlet of the sludge drying unit is communicated with the sludge storage;
the utility model discloses a sludge drying device, including filter equipment, equalizing basin, ultrasonic treatment pond, buffer tank, sludge drying unit, sludge storage, ultrasonic treatment pond, buffer tank, sludge drying unit, sludge storage, flow control tank, ultrasonic treatment pond, buffer tank, sludge drying unit, sludge storage, and the like, filter equipment is used for filtering sludge, the equalizing basin is used for breaking the decrement processing to the sludge floc through the cavitation that high frequency ultrasound produced in sludge, the buffer tank is used for control to get into the sludge volume of sludge acidification pond, sludge acidification pond is arranged in through remaining complete cell and floc in the chemical acidification broken sludge, the sedimentation tank is used for making the sludge sedimentation layering, sludge dewatering unit is used.
In the invention, a series of means such as ultrasound and acidification are adopted, the original structure of the sludge can be changed through external force, microbial cells in the sludge are broken, and thus bound water is released, and the sludge with lower water content is obtained. By the technical scheme, efficient dehydration of the sludge can be realized, and a good foundation is provided for subsequent treatment and disposal of the sludge.
Adopt the biological biofilm formation combination filler + mode of aeration treatment (supplementary with structure, constitution, material and various control and monitoring measures) in the equalizing basin, this mode can make mud from biochemical treatment's source minimizing, when carrying out biochemical sludge process to sewage promptly, biochemical fungus in the mud can be under this kind of mode, when degrading the pollutant in the sewage, can also reduce the surplus sludge volume that the metabolism produced to realize the source minimizing of sewage biochemical mud. The measure can reduce the sludge production by 40-60%.
Preferably, the ultrasonic treatment tank comprises a second tank body, a plurality of baffle plates and a plurality of ultrasonic generators, the baffle plates are arranged between a sludge inlet and a sludge outlet of the ultrasonic treatment tank and are uniformly distributed in the second tank body, and the ultrasonic generators are arranged in the second tank body.
The invention adopts the baffle plate and the ultrasonic arrangement, so that the retention time of the ultrasonic treatment of the sludge can be increased, the ultrasonic treatment of the sludge is more sufficient, and the treatment efficiency is improved. Preferably, the sludge acidification tank comprises a third tank body and a stirring device, and the stirring device is arranged in the third tank body.
Preferably, the wastewater sludge reduction treatment system further comprises a supernatant storage tank and a siphon device, wherein the siphon device is used for conveying the supernatant obtained after the sedimentation tank is layered to the supernatant storage tank, and the supernatant storage tank is communicated with the sludge acidification tank through a pipeline so that at least a part of the supernatant can flow back to the sludge acidification tank.
The supernatant with low pH value after the sedimentation tank is layered flows back to the sludge acidification tank, so that the sludge acidification efficiency can be accelerated, the dosage of an acidification agent is reduced, and the cost consumption is reduced.
Preferably, the wastewater sludge reduction treatment system further comprises a wastewater treatment tank, and the water outlet of the supernatant storage tank is communicated with the wastewater treatment tank.
Preferably, the sedimentation tank comprises a first sedimentation tank and a second sedimentation tank, the siphon device comprises a first siphon device and a second siphon device, the outlet of the sludge acidification tank is communicated with the first sedimentation tank, the bottom outlet of the first sedimentation tank is communicated with the second sedimentation tank, the bottom outlet of the second sedimentation tank is communicated with the inlet of the sludge dewatering unit, the first siphon device is used for conveying the supernatant after the first sedimentation tank is layered to the supernatant storage tank, and the second siphon device is used for conveying the supernatant after the second sedimentation tank is layered to the supernatant storage tank.
Preferably, the wastewater sludge reduction treatment system further comprises a flocculant dosing device, and the flocculant dosing device is used for adding a medicament into the second sedimentation tank so as to promote sedimentation and stratification of sludge.
Preferably, the sludge drying unit includes box, breaker, conveyer belt, air heater, air compressor machine and condensation recoverer, the pan feeding mouth of breaker with the export intercommunication of sludge dewatering unit, the conveyer belt be used for with the mud of breaker output is carried extremely the mud memory, the conveyer belt the air heater the air compressor machine with the condensation recoverer all sets up in the box, separate into different cavities through the baffle in the box, the air heater with the condensation recoverer is located different cavities, the air heater with the condensation recoverer passes through the air compressor machine links to each other, the air heater is used for exporting dry hot-blast in order to blow through the conveyer belt, the condensation recoverer is used for cooling moisture hot-air so that moisture and gas separation, forms condensate water and dry air. By arranging the partition plate, the efficiency of sludge dewatering and drying (reduction) can be improved, and the drying cost is reduced.
Preferably, the sludge dewatering unit comprises a filter pressing device, and filter pressing liquid discharged by the filter pressing device and condensed water discharged by the condensation recoverer flow back to the supernatant storage tank through a pipeline. Through the scheme, the treatment system can realize the reuse of the treated water to the system for use while treating the sludge.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wastewater sludge reduction treatment system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of an ultrasonic treatment tank provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of an ultrasonic treatment tank provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a sludge acidification tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a sludge acidification tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 101-filtering device, 102-regulating tank, 103-ultrasonic treatment tank, 104-buffer tank, 105-sludge acidification tank, 106-first sedimentation tank, 107-supernatant storage tank, 108-waste liquid treatment tank, 109-second sedimentation tank, 110-sludge dewatering unit, 111-sludge drying unit, 112-crusher, 113-conveyor belt, 114-hot air blower, 115-air compressor, 116-condensation recoverer, 117-sludge storage, 118-biological hanging membrane combined filler, 119-aeration device, 120-first siphon device, 121-second siphon device, 122-circulating pipeline, 123-sludge storage, 201-sludge inlet, 202-baffle plate, 203-ultrasonic generation device, 204-sludge outlet, 204-sludge drying unit, 112-crusher, 113-conveyor belt, 114-hot air blower, 115-air compressor, 116-condensation recoverer, 301-reflux inlet, 302-acidified sludge outlet, 303-motor, 304-acidified sludge inlet and 305-stirring fan blades.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally placed when products of the application are used, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements that are referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a wastewater sludge reduction treatment system which comprises a filtering device 101, a regulating tank 102, an ultrasonic treatment tank 103, a buffer tank 104, a sludge acidification tank 105, a sedimentation tank, a sludge dewatering unit 110, a sludge drying unit 111 and a sludge storage 123.
The inlet of the filtering device 101 is used for introducing sludge to be treated, the outlet of the filtering device 101 is communicated with the inlet of the regulating tank 102, the outlet of the regulating tank 102 is communicated with the inlet of the ultrasonic treatment tank 103, the outlet of the ultrasonic treatment tank 103 is communicated with the inlet of the buffer tank 104, the outlet of the buffer tank 104 is communicated with the inlet of the sludge acidification tank 105, the outlet of the sludge acidification tank 105 is communicated with the inlet of the sedimentation tank, the outlet of the bottom of the sedimentation tank is communicated with the inlet of the sludge dewatering unit 110, the outlet of the sludge dewatering unit 110 is communicated with the inlet of the sludge drying unit 111, and the outlet of the sludge drying unit 111 is communicated with the sludge storage 123.
The filtering device 101 is used for filtering the sludge to prevent other impurities and flocs mixed in the sewage treatment process from entering the sludge treatment process to cause blockage. The conditioning tank 102 is used to store sludge and regulate flow. The ultrasonic treatment tank 103 is used for carrying out disintegration and reduction treatment on sludge flocs through the cavitation generated in the sludge by high-frequency ultrasound. The buffer tank 104 is used for controlling the amount of sludge entering the sludge acidification tank 105, and the sludge is stored in the buffer tank 104 and then pumped into the sludge acidification tank 105 by a sludge pump for acidification treatment. The sludge acidification tank 105 is used for breaking the residual intact cells and flocs in the sludge through chemical acidification, further releasing the bound water stored in the sludge flocs and promoting the subsequent dehydration of the sludge. The sedimentation tank is used for making sludge sedimentation layered. The sludge dehydrating unit 110 is used to dehydrate sludge discharged from a bottom outlet of the settling tank. The sludge drying unit 111 is used for drying the sludge after the sludge is dehydrated. The sludge storage 123 is used for storing the dried sludge.
The inventor finds that the polymerized water in sludge flocs and cell polymers is the reason for difficult dehydration of sludge, and the bound water in the sludge cannot be effectively released only by conventional treatment methods such as anaerobic digestion, adding flocculating agents and the like under the condition that the original floc structure of the sludge is not destroyed. In the invention, a series of means such as ultrasound and acidification are adopted, the original structure of the sludge can be changed through external force, microbial cells in the sludge are broken, and thus bound water is released, and the sludge with lower water content is obtained. By the technical scheme, efficient dehydration of the sludge can be realized, and a good foundation is provided for subsequent treatment and disposal of the sludge.
In the present invention, the filter device 101 may have any suitable structure, and the present invention is not limited thereto. In one embodiment, the filter 101 is a steel grating comprising a housing and two layers of stainless steel grating disposed within the housing in parallel spaced apart relation. The installation and maintenance are convenient, and each layer of stainless steel grating and the horizontal plane form an angle of 45 degrees. The residual sludge discharged from the secondary sedimentation tank is firstly filtered by a steel grating, so that the blockage phenomenon caused by the fact that other impurities and flocs mixed in the sewage treatment process enter the sludge treatment process is avoided.
In the present invention, the conditioning tank 102 may have any suitable structure, and the present invention is not limited thereto. In one embodiment, the conditioning tank 102 includes a first tank body, a biofilm culturing combined filler 118 and an aeration device 119, and the biofilm culturing combined filler 118 and the aeration device 119 are disposed in the first tank body. The biofilm formation combined filler 118 is composed of forked plastic branches made of polyacrylonitrile, and is suspended by steel bars at the edge of the pond surface, so that not only can a biofilm be formed, but also bubbles can be effectively cut, and the transfer rate and the utilization rate of oxygen are improved. The quantity of the biofilm culturing combined packing 118 of a single regulating reservoir 102 can be controlled between 6 and 10. The unit weight of the biofilm culturing combined filler 118 can be 2-3kg/m, the film forming weight can be 30-40kg/m, and the specific surface area is about 300 m/m. The aeration apparatus 119 includes an aeration head and a gas control valve, and an on-line dissolved oxygen meter, and is capable of constantly monitoring the degree of aeration and varying the gas amount according to the aeration effect and the dissolved oxygen content. The aeration rate can be controlled at 200-300m in the practical use process3H is used as the reference value. When the sludge amount of the system is 30t/d, the sludge amount can be reduced by 12t/d by adopting the biofilm formation and the aeration device 119.
The sludge filtered by the filtering device 101 enters the ultrasonic treatment tank 103 from the inlet through the regulating tank 102. In the present invention, sonication cell 103 may have any suitable configuration, as the present invention is not limited in this respect. In one embodiment, the sonication tank 103 comprises a second tank body, a plurality of baffles 202 and a plurality of sonicators 203, the plurality of baffles 202 are disposed between the sludge inlet 201 and the sludge outlet 204 of the sonication tank 103 and are evenly distributed within the second tank body, and the plurality of sonicators 203 are disposed within the second tank body. After entering from the sludge inlet 201, the sludge is deflected continuously along the baffle plate 202, so that the retention time of the sludge can be increased. The sludge retention time can be set to 10-15 min. The material of baffle 202 may be 316 stainless steel. The ultrasonic generators 203 can be circular, the diameter is 15cm, the ultrasonic generators are uniformly distributed below the sludge liquid level on the wall of the ultrasonic treatment tank 103 and are about 1.5m away from the tank bottom, and 4-6 ultrasonic generators are designed and installed on the whole ultrasonic treatment tank 103. The ultrasonic generator 203 is operated intermittently, the operation time is 10s, the interval is 5s, and the energy density of the ultrasonic generator 203 can be set to be 0.5-1.0 w/ml.
The sludge passing through the ultrasonic treatment tank 103 is pumped into the buffer tank 104 by a sludge pump for storage, so that subsequent sludge acidification is facilitated. In actual operation, through calculation, under the condition that the sludge inlet amount of the system is 30t/d, the sludge produced is reduced by 0.8t/d by utilizing the ultrasonic treatment tank 103 to treat the sludge compared with the sludge which is not treated by ultrasonic treatment.
The sludge is stored in the buffer tank 104 and then pumped into the sludge acidification tank 105 through the sludge acidification inlet 304 by a sludge pump for acidification treatment, and the purpose of acidification treatment is to further break the remaining intact cells and flocs in the sludge by chemical acidification, so that the bound water stored in the sludge flocs is further released, and the subsequent dehydration of the sludge is promoted. The sludge acidification tank 105 is composed of a third tank body and a stirring device, the third tank body is covered by concrete, a support is arranged at the edge of the third tank body, the stirring device is installed, the stirring device is composed of a motor 303 and a stirrer, and the stirrer is provided with three stirring fan blades 305. The stirring fan blades 305 are made of non-metallic materials resistant to acid corrosion, and the materials can be selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene and the like. The mass fraction of industrial hydrochloric acid diluted by water adopted by the sludge acidification agent is controlled to be 15-20%, and the dilution concentration of the hydrochloric acid can be adjusted according to the sludge property and flow. The sludge acidification tank 105 adopts a batch operation mode, each batch of sludge is pumped into the sludge acidification tank 105 through the regulating tank 102 once, and acidification is completed after 1.5h after 3 times of acidification and dosing processes with 30min intervals. In the acidification process, the stirring device continuously stirs, and the pH value of the sludge is controlled to be about 3.0. Due to the complexity of the properties of the sludge and the difference of the buffering property, the dosage and the interval time of the medicament can be determined according to the actual situation. Preferably, the equipment and the pipeline of the sludge after passing through the sludge acidification tank 105 are designed to be corrosion-resistant, and the material of the pipeline and the equipment can be selected from non-metallic materials with acid corrosion resistance, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyperfluoroethylpropylene, and the like.
Preferably, the wastewater sludge reduction treatment system further comprises a supernatant storage tank 107 and a siphon device, wherein the siphon device is used for conveying supernatant after the sedimentation tank is layered to the supernatant storage tank 107, and the supernatant storage tank 107 is communicated with the sludge acidification tank 105 through a corrosion-resistant pipeline so that at least a part of supernatant can flow back to the sludge acidification tank 105 through the backflow inlet 301. The supernatant with low pH value after the sedimentation tank is layered flows back to the sludge acidification tank 105, so that the sludge acidification efficiency can be accelerated, the dosage of an acidification agent is reduced, and the cost consumption is reduced.
Further, the wastewater sludge reduction treatment system also comprises a wastewater treatment tank 108, and a water outlet of the supernatant storage tank 107 is communicated with the wastewater treatment tank 108. The supernatant storage tank 107 is connected to a wastewater treatment tank 108 through a corrosion-resistant pipeline, wastewater is chemically treated in the wastewater treatment tank 108, and treated water is discharged. The ratio of supernatant liquid reflux and subsequent treatment can be controlled between 1 and 1.5 according to actual conditions. The supernatant liquid is refluxed to effectively reduce the dosage of the acidification agent in the sludge acidification tank 105. As an example, under the condition that the ratio of supernatant liquid reflux and subsequent treatment is 1.5, 15L of hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 20% can be reduced every day, and the cost can be effectively saved.
In order to improve the layering and settling effect, preferably, the settling tank comprises a first settling tank 106 and a second settling tank 109, the siphon device comprises a first siphon device 120 and a second siphon device 121, the outlet of the sludge acidification tank 105 is communicated with the first settling tank 106, the bottom outlet of the first settling tank 106 is communicated with the second settling tank 109, the bottom outlet of the second settling tank 109 is communicated with the inlet of the sludge dewatering unit 110, the first siphon device 120 is used for conveying the layered supernatant of the first settling tank 106 to the supernatant storage tank 107, and the second siphon device 121 is used for conveying the layered supernatant of the second settling tank 109 to the supernatant storage tank 107.
The sludge which is acidized by the sludge acidizing tank 105 is pumped into the first sedimentation tank 106 through the acidized sludge outlet 302 by using a sludge pump, the sludge is concentrated and layered by gravity in the first sedimentation tank 106, supernatant is sucked into the supernatant storage tank 107 by the first siphon device 120, and the lower layer sludge enters the second sedimentation tank 109. Each siphon device consists of a metal siphon pipe, a siphon pump and a liquid level indicator. The metal siphon pipe is suspended above the sedimentation tank through the lifting mechanism, the height of the siphon pipe can be adjusted through the action of the lifting mechanism, and the siphon pipe opening is always kept at the liquid level position through the matching of the liquid level indicator and the hydraulic cylinder. The vacuum environment manufactured by the siphon pump can automatically convey the supernatant fluid after the sedimentation tank is layered to the supernatant fluid storage tank 107 by utilizing the siphon principle, thereby reducing the cost consumption. Preferably, the siphon device can be improved in that one main siphon pipe is connected with four branch pipes arranged at four corners, a siphon pump is connected below the main pipe, and a siphon inlet is increased to improve siphon efficiency. Preferably, the metal siphon tube is made of 316 stainless steel. The lifting mechanism may be a hydraulic cylinder.
The sludge settled in the first settling pond 106 is discharged into the second settling pond 109 to continue settling and layering, and the supernatant of the sludge in the second settling pond 109 is collected into the supernatant storage tank 107 by the first siphon device 120. The sludge settled in the second sedimentation tank 109 is sent to the sludge dewatering unit 110 through a sludge discharge pump. Preferably, a flocculant adding device 124 is disposed in the second sedimentation tank 109 to accelerate the sedimentation and stratification speed of the sludge, and the flocculant may be selected from Polyacrylamide (PAM), polyaluminum chloride (PAC), polyaluminum sulfate (PAS), polyferric chloride (PFC), polyferric sulfate (PFS), and the like.
The sludge precipitated in the second sedimentation tank 109 is sent to a sludge dewatering unit 110 for dewatering, the sludge dewatering unit 110 comprises a filter pressing tank, a filter plate, a filter screen, a circulating pump, a feeding pipeline, a circulating pipeline 122, a control valve and a discharge valve, and the materials of all the parts are subjected to acid-resistant treatment to prevent sludge corrosion. The filter is evenly arranged in the filter-pressing jar, and internally mounted has the filter screen, and the filter screen aperture is 2 mm. After mud is pumped into the filter-pressing jar through the charge-in pipeline by the sludge pump, the filter carries out many rounds of extrusion filtration to mud, and the filtrating after each round of extrusion filtration is through circulating line 122 pump to filter-pressing jar entry circulation filter-pressing by the circulating pump, through repeated filter-pressing many times after, the moisture content of mud can reduce to below 65%, and the discharge valve is opened this moment, and mud cake gets into sludge drying unit 111 and carries out the low temperature mummification. In the actual operation process, each batch of sludge needs 6-8 times of circulating filter pressing to reach 65% of water content. Preferably, the filter-pressing tank, the filter plate and the filter screen are all made of 316 stainless steel. Preferably, a purging pipeline is bypassed at the inlet of the pressure filtration tank, a purging control valve is installed on the purging pipeline, and the purging pipeline is connected with compressed air. Preferably, the pressure of the compressed air is 1-10 MPa.
The sludge cake dehydrated by the sludge dehydration unit 110 is sent to a sludge drying unit 111 for low-temperature drying, and the sludge drying unit 111 comprises a box body, a crusher 112, a conveyor belt 113, a hot air blower 114, an air compressor 115, a condensation recoverer 116 and a temperature controller 117. The temperature controller 117 and the hot air blower 114 are in linkage design, so that the temperature is increased, the air volume of the hot air blower 114 is reduced, the temperature is reduced, the air volume of the hot air blower 114 is increased, and the automatic temperature regulation and control of the sludge drying unit 111 are realized. The conveyor belt 113, the hot air blower 114, the air compressor 115 and the condensation recoverer 116 are all arranged in the box body. Be equipped with mud entry and sludge outlet on the box, mud entry and breaker 112's export intercommunication, sludge outlet and breaker 112's entry all are provided with to separate the curtain and shelter from. The interior of the box body is divided into three communicated chambers through partition plates, so that hot air is guaranteed to circulate inside the box body. The conveyor belt 113 is arranged in the first chamber, the hot air blower 114 is arranged in the second chamber, and the condensation recoverer 116 is arranged in the third chamber. The hot air blower 114 and the condensation recoverer 116 are connected by an air compressor 115 to ensure the delivery of hot air. The hot air blower 114 and the condensing recoverer 116 are separated by a partition plate to prevent cold and hot air from exchanging, and the special structural design ensures that the hot air can only circulate according to a fixed flowing direction. The conveyor belt 113 may be constructed of teflon material and the conveying speed may be graded to 1-5 levels, i.e., 0.1m/min-0.5 m/min. The drying hot air can dry the sludge through the conveyor belt. The filter-pressed mud cake is crushed by the crusher 112 and then sent to the conveyor 113, at this time, dry hot air of 70 ℃ to 80 ℃ generated by the hot air blower 114 is blown through the conveyor 113 through an internal passage and takes away moisture of the crushed mud cake on the conveyor 113 to become hot air containing water, the hot air containing water enters the condensation recoverer 116 to be cooled, and the moisture is separated from the gas to form condensed water and dry air. The condensed water flows back through an acid-proof pipeline specially arranged, is mixed with the filter pressing liquid of the sludge dewatering unit 110 and flows back to the supernatant storage tank 107, the residual dry air is compressed by an air compressor 115 in the process of flowing back of the sludge acidification tank 105 in the supernatant storage tank 107, and the sludge is dried again after being discharged by an air heater 114. The dried broken mud cake is discharged from a mud outlet on the box body, stored in a mud storage 123 and naturally dried to wait for subsequent disposal. During this period, the temperature controller 117 and the hot air blower 114 control the temperature of the hot air in the unit in a coordinated manner, thereby reducing the running cost.
Preferably, the sludge drying unit 111 further comprises a vacuum pump, the vacuum pump is started during operation, the box body is vacuumized to form negative pressure inside the box body, the boiling point of water is reduced, the boiling vaporization of water in a filter cake is facilitated, a steam-water mixture pumped out by the vacuum pump is condensed by the condensation recoverer 116, the steam-water mixture flows back through a specially-arranged acid-resistant pipeline, the steam-water mixture and a pressure filtrate of the sludge dewatering unit 110 are mixed and flow back to the supernatant storage tank 107, and the supernatant storage tank 107 participates in the backflow process of the sludge acidification tank 105. The vacuum degree of the sludge drying unit 111 can be set to-0.085 MPa, and the vacuum pump is linked with the hot air blower 114 during operation, so that the vacuum degree is increased, and the air volume of the hot air blower 114 is reduced. Compared with normal-pressure low-temperature drying, the low-temperature vacuum drying has higher efficiency and saves more cost, and the average temperature of the hot air blower 114 can be reduced by 5-10 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.08 MPa. Through accounting, in the actual operation process, compared with normal-pressure low-temperature drying, the vacuum low-temperature drying can save the cost by 30 percent under the condition of the same sludge drying effect.
One embodiment is described below:
the pH value of the sludge is 7.02, the water content of the sludge is 98.95%, the MLVSS/MLSS is 0.78, the residual sludge is introduced into an adjusting tank 102102 through a water channel, the retention time of the sludge in the adjusting tank 102102 is 2 hours, the aeration amount is 250m3/h, and a biofilm formation in the adjusting tank 102 is matched with an aeration device 119 to enable the zoogloea, protozoa, metazoan and aquatic animals to be enriched in a stepwise and sectional manner, so that the stepwise benign combination of a biologic chain and a food chain is formed, and the purpose of sludge reduction is finally achieved. The sludge passing through the regulating reservoir 102 enters an ultrasonic treatment reservoir 103 for ultrasonic treatment.
The ultrasonic treatment tank 103 adopts an intermittent operation mode, the operation time of the ultrasonic generator 203 is 10s, the interval is 5s, the energy density of the ultrasonic generator 203 is set to be 1.0w/ml, the retention time of sludge in the ultrasonic treatment tank 103 is about 20min, and the phenomenon of increasing flocs in the sludge passing through the ultrasonic treatment tank 103 obviously occurs. The ultrasonic wave can create an extreme physical environment in water under the cavitation action, generate a strong mechanical effect, can decompose sludge flocs, can achieve the effect of cell cracking along with the generation of instant high temperature, releases cells and bound water stored in extracellular polymeric substances, and is beneficial to subsequent sludge sedimentation and sludge dewatering. Meanwhile, the preliminary crushing of the sludge cells and flocs by the ultrasonic treatment tank 103 is beneficial to reducing the buffering capacity of the sludge, reducing the acidification cost in the subsequent acidification process and improving the acidification efficiency. The excess sludge enters a buffer tank 104 for storage after passing through an ultrasonic treatment tank 103, then is pumped into a sludge acidification tank 105 through a sludge pump, the sludge acidification tank 105 runs in batches, each batch of sludge is pumped into the sludge acidification tank 105 through a regulating tank 102 at one time, and after 3 times of acidification and dosing processes at intervals of 30min, an acidification agent is a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 20%. In the acidification process, 2 stirring devices continuously stir, the rotating speed of the stirring fan blades 305 is 1 r/s, the pH value of the sludge is controlled to be 3.0, and after 1.5 hours of acidification, the color of the sludge is changed from black brown to brown, so that the floc is reduced. The reflux ratio of the sludge acidification supernatant was 1.5 depending on the running conditions. The sludge after acidification enters a first sedimentation tank 106 and a second sedimentation tank 109 for sedimentation and stratification, and supernatant liquid of the first sedimentation tank 106 and the second sedimentation tank 109 is continuously conveyed to a supernatant liquid storage tank 107 by siphoning devices of the first sedimentation tank 106 and the second sedimentation tank 109 for backflow. 0.5g/L of polyaluminium chloride is added in the precipitation process of the second precipitation tank 109 to promote precipitation. The sludge after twice sedimentation is sent to the sludge dewatering unit 110 for dewatering, in the circulating filter pressing process of the sludge dewatering unit 110, each batch of sludge needs 8 times of circulating filter pressing to reach 65% of water content, and the sludge cake which completes each circulation is discharged from the outlet of the sludge dewatering unit 110.
The dewatered sludge is sent to a sludge drying unit 111 for low-temperature drying, the retention time of the sludge in the sludge drying unit 111 is about 15min, and the temperature of hot air is about 80 ℃. The sludge cake dried at low temperature is sent to a sludge storage 123 for storage and waiting for subsequent treatment. And sampling and detecting the water content of the sludge cake at different nodes in the operation process of the system, wherein the water content of the sludge cake in the original state of the sludge is obtained by directly dehydrating the original sludge, and the data are as shown in the following table.
According to the data, after the sludge is treated by the system, the water content can be reduced by 15-20 percent from 80-85 percent generally, and the water content of the sludge can be controlled to be about 10 percent through subsequent low-temperature sludge drying, so that the subsequent treatment of the sludge can be directly carried out. The inventor finds that polymerized water in sludge flocs and cell polymers is a reason for difficulty in dewatering sludge, and under the condition that the original floc structure of the sludge is not damaged, bound water in the sludge cannot be effectively released only by conventional treatment methods such as anaerobic digestion and addition of a flocculating agent, and the like, and through a series of means such as ultrasound and acidification, the original structure of the sludge can be changed through external force, microbial cells in the sludge are broken, so that the bound water is released, and the sludge with lower water content is obtained.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wastewater sludge reduction treatment system is characterized by comprising a filtering device, an adjusting tank, an ultrasonic treatment tank, a buffer tank, a sludge acidification tank, a sedimentation tank, a sludge dewatering unit, a sludge drying unit and a sludge storage device, wherein the adjusting tank comprises a first tank body, a biological biofilm culturing combined filler and an aeration device, and the biological biofilm culturing combined filler and the aeration device are arranged in the first tank body;
the inlet of the filtering device is used for introducing sludge to be treated, the outlet of the filtering device is communicated with the inlet of the regulating tank, the outlet of the regulating tank is communicated with the inlet of the ultrasonic treatment tank, the outlet of the ultrasonic treatment tank is communicated with the inlet of the buffer tank, the outlet of the buffer tank is communicated with the inlet of the sludge acidification tank, the outlet of the sludge acidification tank is communicated with the inlet of the sedimentation tank, the outlet at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is communicated with the inlet of the sludge dewatering unit, the outlet of the sludge dewatering unit is communicated with the inlet of the sludge drying unit, and the outlet of the sludge drying unit is communicated with the sludge storage;
the utility model discloses a sludge drying device, including filter equipment, equalizing basin, ultrasonic treatment pond, buffer tank, sludge drying unit, sludge storage, ultrasonic treatment pond, buffer tank, sludge drying unit, sludge storage, flow control tank, ultrasonic treatment pond, buffer tank, sludge drying unit, sludge storage, and the like, filter equipment is used for filtering sludge, the equalizing basin is used for breaking the decrement processing to the sludge floc through the cavitation that high frequency ultrasound produced in sludge, the buffer tank is used for control to get into the sludge volume of sludge acidification pond, sludge acidification pond is arranged in through remaining complete cell and floc in the chemical acidification broken sludge, the sedimentation tank is used for making the sludge sedimentation layering, sludge dewatering unit is used.
2. The wastewater sludge reduction treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the sonication tank comprises a second tank body, a plurality of baffles disposed between the sludge inlet and the sludge outlet of the sonication tank and evenly distributed within the second tank body, and a plurality of sonicators disposed within the second tank body.
3. The wastewater sludge reduction treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the sludge acidification tank comprises a third tank body and a stirring device, and the stirring device is arranged in the third tank body.
4. The wastewater sludge reduction treatment system according to claim 1, further comprising a supernatant storage tank and a siphon device, wherein the siphon device is used for conveying the supernatant after the sedimentation tank is layered to the supernatant storage tank, and the supernatant storage tank is communicated with the sludge acidification tank through a pipeline so that at least a part of the supernatant can flow back to the sludge acidification tank.
5. The wastewater sludge reduction treatment system according to claim 4, further comprising a wastewater treatment tank, wherein the water discharge port of the supernatant storage tank is communicated with the wastewater treatment tank.
6. The wastewater sludge reduction treatment system according to claim 4, wherein the sedimentation tank comprises a first sedimentation tank and a second sedimentation tank, the siphon device comprises a first siphon device and a second siphon device, the outlet of the sludge acidification tank is communicated with the first sedimentation tank, the bottom outlet of the first sedimentation tank is communicated with the second sedimentation tank, the bottom outlet of the second sedimentation tank is communicated with the inlet of the sludge dewatering unit, the first siphon device is used for conveying the supernatant after the first sedimentation tank is layered to the supernatant storage tank, and the second siphon device is used for conveying the supernatant after the second sedimentation tank is layered to the supernatant storage tank.
7. The wastewater sludge reduction treatment system according to claim 6, further comprising a flocculant dosing device for adding a medicament into the second settling tank to promote settling and stratification of sludge.
8. The wastewater sludge reduction treatment system according to claim 4, wherein the sludge drying unit comprises a box, a crusher, a conveyor belt, a hot air blower, an air compressor and a condensation recoverer, a feed inlet of the crusher is communicated with an outlet of the sludge dewatering unit, the conveyor belt is used for conveying sludge output by the crusher to the sludge storage, the conveyor belt, the hot air blower, the air compressor and the condensation recoverer are all arranged in the box, the box is partitioned into different chambers by a partition plate, the hot air blower and the condensation recoverer are located in different chambers, the hot air blower and the condensation recoverer are connected by the air compressor, the hot air blower is used for outputting dry hot air to blow through the conveyor belt, and the condensation is used for cooling hot air containing water to separate water from gas, forming condensed water and dry air.
9. The wastewater sludge reduction treatment system according to claim 8, wherein the sludge dewatering unit comprises a filter-press tank, and the pressure filtrate discharged from the filter-press tank and the condensed water discharged from the condensate recoverer are returned to the supernatant storage tank through a pipeline.
10. The wastewater sludge reduction treatment system according to claim 9, wherein a purging pipeline is bypassed at the inlet of the pressure filtration tank, a purging control valve is installed on the purging pipeline, and compressed air is connected to the purging pipeline.
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