CN112456608A - Method for realizing high-quality fresh water by using solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology - Google Patents
Method for realizing high-quality fresh water by using solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN112456608A CN112456608A CN202011240166.2A CN202011240166A CN112456608A CN 112456608 A CN112456608 A CN 112456608A CN 202011240166 A CN202011240166 A CN 202011240166A CN 112456608 A CN112456608 A CN 112456608A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/10—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising heterojunctions between organic semiconductors and inorganic semiconductors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectrochemical desalination, and particularly relates to a method for realizing high-quality fresh water by using a solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology. The method comprises the steps that a solar device is adopted to drive an oxidation-reduction flow electrolysis technology to supply power to a desalination device, and an electrochemical oxidation-reduction process is driven to carry out desalination, wherein the solar device comprises one of a dye-sensitized solar cell, a perovskite solar cell and a silicon substrate solar cell; the light energy is converted into the electric energy, the generated current is loaded into the electrochemical desalting device to drive the desalting reaction to be carried out, the energy consumption problem in the desalting process is solved, the used raw materials are easy to obtain, the use requirement is low, and the method is environment-friendly and has the advantage of sustainable utilization; the desalting method is suitable for large-scale production of factories, and can be applied to the treatment of industrial wastewater, the purification of domestic water, the conversion and storage of photoelectric energy and other fields requiring electric energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectrochemical desalination, and particularly relates to a method for realizing high-quality fresh water by using a solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology.
Background
According to the forecast of the international energy agency, in the coming two decades, our earth is facing the energy water crisis, the demand of people for energy and water is continuously increasing, but the low yield is not enough to meet the consumption demand. The ocean is a huge water source and fresh water can be obtained by desalination processes in the ocean, which can be carried out by two major commercial technologies: thermal distillation and membrane processes.
Desalination based on thermal distillation includes multi-stage distillation, multi-effect distillation, vapor compression, etc., where huge heat energy is required, e.g., total energy consumption of multi-stage flash process is 50-100 kWh/m3To achieve high quality water production, only for specific areas with abundant heat sources. The reverse osmosis and electrodialysis processes are carried out in a membrane-based desalination process, whereas, in the case of output water quality below 500ppm, the energy consumption can be reduced to 10kWh/m3Below, present sea water desalination technology all reduces the energy consumption through combining in the at utmost with renewable energy, still can not avoid the consumption of energy, consequently, develops a desalination ability reinforce, and is with low costs, and the energy consumption is low, and novel sea water desalination technology that the environment-friendly satisfies ever-increasing water demand and energy-conserving demand are urgent need to wait.
Electrochemical desalination has now become one of promising and widely-used methods, which has a dual role of dealing with desalination and energy storage simultaneously, and which removes salt ions through an electrode-based reaction by physical adsorption (capacitive deionization) or a chemical reaction process (battery desalination), and recent technical research in photoelectrochemical desalination has been spotlighted in order to realize a desalination process without energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for realizing high quality fresh water by using solar-driven redox flow electrolysis, which uses a photovoltaic seawater desalination technology to convert light energy into electric energy to supply power to a desalination battery.
The technical content of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a method for realizing high-quality fresh water by utilizing a solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology, which comprises the steps of adopting the solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology to supply power to a desalting device, driving an electrochemical redox process to carry out desalting, obtaining high-quality fresh water, namely converting light energy into electric energy, loading the generated current into the electrochemical desalting device, and driving a desalting reaction to be carried out;
the solar device comprises one of a dye-sensitized solar cell, a perovskite solar cell and a silicon substrate solar cell;
the battery in the solar device comprises one of an aqueous solar battery, an organic solar battery and an ionic solvent system solar battery (comprising halogenated 1-alkyl 3-methyl imidazole salt); the battery solvent comprises one of water, anhydrous acetonitrile, a butyronitrile solvent and halogenated 1-alkyl 3-methylimidazole salt.
The combination of the solar device and the battery of the desalination device comprises two or more batteries which are connected in parallel, in series or in series-parallel, so that the desalination process with controllable current, voltage or energy output is realized.
The solar device and the desalination device drive desalination work in a short circuit, constant voltage or constant current mode.
The combination of the solar device and the desalination device comprises the steps of independently integrating or integrating the desalination device in the solar cell device, and separating chambers by using ion exchange membranes, wherein the chambers are filled with ion exchange resin and used for preparing deionized water;
the electrolyte of the solar device comprises I-/I3-Solutions, TEMPO solutions, K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6]Solution, FeCl3/FeCl2Solutions, VCl3/VCl2Solution BTMAP-Fc solution, FcNCl or FcN2Br2One kind of (1);
the photoelectric conversion semiconductor material adopted in the desalting device comprises one of N719, LEG4, Z907, MK2, silicon, germanium and three-five compounds, and only one photoelectric conversion semiconductor material is needed to drive the continuous electrochemical desalting of the desalting cell for desalting by utilizing the solar redox flow electrolysis technology;
the electrolyte of the desalination cell in the desalination device comprises K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6]Solution, FeCl3/FeCl2Solution, ZnCl2Solutions, TEMPO solutions, VCl3/VCl2Solutions, I-/I3-Solutions, BTMAP-Fc solutions, FcNCl or FcN2Br2One of the solutions;
the electrolyte of the desalination cell also comprises conductive additives of NaCl, NaF and NaSO4One or more of KCl, etc. for improving the conductivity of the solution;
the salt solution to be treated of the desalting device comprises a NaCl solution, a NaF solution, domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, seawater or a solution containing heavy metal ions; the salt solution to be treated can be placed in a single salt chamber, a double salt chamber or a multi-salt chamber, and all chambers in the chambers are alternately separated by anion and cation exchange membranes;
the ion exchange membrane comprises an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane, and is arranged between an electrolyte solution and a salt solution to be treated for isolation;
the anion exchange membrane comprises a membrane containing-NH2An anion exchange membrane of (A) containing-N (CH)3)3One of OH anion exchange membrane, chloride exchange membrane, sulfate ion exchange membrane, and nitrate ion exchange membrane, preferably containing-N (CH)3)3An ion exchange membrane of OH;
the cation exchange membrane comprises an anion containing-COOHProton exchange membrane containing-SO3One of H cation exchange membrane, sodium ion exchange membrane, lithium ion exchange membrane, potassium ion exchange membrane, calcium ion exchange membrane, and magnesium ion exchange membrane, preferably contains-SO3H, a cation exchange membrane.
The preparation of the desalting battery device comprises the following steps: assembling a saline solution to be treated, a positive and negative active electrolyte solution, a positive and negative current collecting electrode material, an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane into a desalting battery device, adopting a pole piece as the positive electrode of the solar battery to receive light energy, and connecting the solar batteries into the desalting battery device in series, parallel or series-parallel connection, so that the light energy can be converted into electric energy to supply power for the desalting battery and drive the desalting reaction to be carried out;
the salt solution to be treated is preferably sodium chloride, and preferably the sodium chloride with the purity of 99 percent;
the concentration of the salt solution to be treated is 1 mg/L-50 g/L, preferably 500 mg/L-25 g/L, and more preferably 4-15 g/L;
the preparation method of the positive and negative active electrolyte solution comprises the steps of respectively dissolving positive and negative active electrolyte materials in a solvent, stirring and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-8 h at 40-100 KHz.
The working principle of the desalting device is as follows: by illumination, dye molecules are excited at a photoelectric anode, photo-generated electrons are short-circuited to a counter electrode of the redox flow desalination cell, and light energy is converted into electric energy which is added into an electrochemical desalination cell device in a current form, so that electrons are obtained at a cell cathode and subjected to a reduction reaction, and the electrons and cations passing through a cation exchange membrane are subjected to a chemical reaction to generate a compound, and the concentration of a salt solution to be treated is reduced; meanwhile, the anode loses electrons, oxidation reaction occurs, chemical reaction occurs between the anode and anions passing through an anion exchange membrane to generate compounds, the concentration of the salt solution to be treated is reduced, and the desalting process is driven to be carried out.
The invention provides an application of a method for realizing high-quality fresh water by utilizing a solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology in seawater desalination and removal of negative ions or toxic ions, wherein the seawater desalination comprises seawater desalination, and the toxic ions comprise heavy metal ions.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for realizing high-quality fresh water by using the solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology, the solar device is used for driving the redox flow device technology to convert light energy into electric energy and drive the desalting reaction to be carried out, so that the energy consumption problem in the desalting process is solved, and the method has the advantages of easiness in obtaining of used raw materials, low use requirement, environmental friendliness and sustainable utilization;
the desalting method is simple and convenient in operation process, has practical application value in seawater desalting, is beneficial to obtaining available fresh water resources for human beings, is suitable for large-scale production and use of factories, and can be applied to the treatment of industrial wastewater, the purification of domestic water, the conversion and storage of photoelectric energy and other fields needing electric energy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic 3D view of a short-circuited solar redox flow cell device;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the current-time and salt concentration-time curves of the desalination cell measured by the discharge photocurrent and corresponding concentration change when a short circuit occurs between the photo-anode and the counter electrode in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the voltage-time and salt concentration-time curves of the desalination cell measured in example 1 when the photovoltage and corresponding concentration are changed when a 1.5mA discharge current is applied;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the voltage-time and salt concentration-time curves of the desalination cell measured in example 1, when the photovoltage and the corresponding concentration are changed when 1.0, 1.5, 2 and 1.5mA discharge current is applied;
FIG. 5 is a schematic 3D view of a solar redox flow cell device in parallel;
FIG. 6 is a graph of photocurrent curve and corresponding concentration change in a parallel cell connection of example 1, measured current-time and salt concentration-time curves of a desalination cell;
FIG. 7 is a schematic 3D view of a solar redox flow cell device in series;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the voltage-time and salt concentration-time curves of the desalination cell measured in example 1 when the photovoltage and corresponding concentration were varied with a 1.5mA discharge current.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail in the following description of specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims, and modifications thereof by those skilled in the art after reading this disclosure that are equivalent to the above described embodiments.
All the raw materials and reagents of the invention are conventional market raw materials and reagents unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A method for realizing high-quality fresh water by utilizing a solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology adopts a battery device with double salt chambers for continuous dialysis and desalination:
(I) preparation of photo-anode material
1) The size of the sample is 2.5 x 5cm2The FTO glass is cleaned in an ultrasonic bath of detergent solution, distilled water, acetone and ethanol;
2) deposition of TiO by spin coating titanium (IV) isopropoxide in acidic medium2Buffering the layer, and sintering at 450 ℃ for 30 minutes;
3) TiO was treated with the paste prepared below2Coating a dense film onto the buffer layer: 0.5g TiO2(Degussa, P25), 0.15g polyethylene glycol 35000 molecular weight, 0.10g polyethylene oxide 100000 molecular weight, two drops of Triton-X-100 and 3.5mL of 0.1M glacial acetic acid for one hour, and the entire contents were stirred for 24 hours;
4) the paste obtained was coated by the doctor blade technique and subjected to a stepwise annealing as follows: 15 minutes at 150 ℃, 10 minutes at 350 ℃, 15 minutes at 450 ℃ and 30 minutes at 500 ℃;
5) by 40mM TiCl at 70 ℃4Soaking in an aqueous medium for 30 minutes to deposit a TiO2 scattering layer;
6) finally, it was annealed at 500 ℃ for 60 minutes, cooled to 70 ℃, then immersed in a 0.3mM N719 solution in acetonitrile overnight, and the dye-coated film was washed with absolute ethanol to remove unadsorbed dye molecules;
(II) preparation of solar cell electrolyte
0.02g of lithium iodide, 0.0228g of iodine, 0.479g of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide, 0.0354g of guanidine thiocyanate and 0.2028g of 4-tert-butylpyridine were weighed out and mixed and dissolved in 5mL of acetonitrile and stirred for 5 hours to obtain I-/I3-Stirring the electrolyte, and then putting the electrolyte into a 10mL centrifuge tube;
(III) preparation of desalination cell electrolyte
Weighing 1.053g potassium ferricyanide, 1.457g potassium ferrocyanide and 0.2g sodium chloride, mixing, dissolving in 20mL deionized water to obtain K with concentration of 160mM3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6]Mixing the solution, performing ultrasonic treatment, and putting the solution into a 25mL beaker;
taking 3mL of solar cell electrolyte from the centrifuge tube, putting the solar cell electrolyte into the centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 5mL, and taking 2mL of K from the beaker3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6]Putting the mixed solution into a centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 4 mL;
(IV) preparation of NaCl solution as saline solution to be treated
Preparing 20mL and 10g/L of salt solution from NaCl with the purity of 99%, putting the salt solution into a 25mL beaker, continuously taking 1mL of NaCl solution twice from the beaker, respectively putting the NaCl solution into two centrifuge tubes with the measuring range of 4mL, and filling ion exchange resin in a desalting centrifuge tube for preparing deionized water;
(V) preparation of solar redox flow desalting device
Using the FTO glass obtained in the step (I) as a photoelectric anode material and a solar cell I-/I3-Electrolyte and desalination cell electrolyte K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6]The mixed solution, two 10g/L salt solutions A, B, one piece of anion exchange membrane (2cm multiplied by 2cm), two pieces of cation exchange membrane (2cm multiplied by 2cm), two acrylic outer plates (4cm multiplied by 0.5cm) and four thin silica gel plates (effective area is 1.5cm multiplied by 1.5cm) are assembled into the double-salt chamber desalting battery device, and a stud and a bolt are used for assembling the double-salt chamber desalting battery deviceThe nut was secured to the apparatus and electrolyte salt solution A, B was circulated using a small peristaltic pump, respectively.
The first method for assembling the solar energy and the desalination device comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a short circuit is generated between a photoelectric anode and a counter electrode, then the short circuit is connected into a desalting cell, as shown in figure 1, a 3D schematic diagram of a solar redox flow cell device is shown, after the desalting cell device is assembled, an XQ350 adjustable type photocatalysis instrument is started, output current is set to be 8A, electrochemical performance test is carried out, the NaCl removal effect is observed, as shown in figure 2, the photoelectric anode of a solar cell device is connected with the cathode of the desalting device to drive the desalting device to work in a short circuit mode, discharging photocurrent and corresponding concentration change are carried out, the measured current-time and salt concentration-time graphs of the desalting cell are shown, and salt solution is a desalting process and reflects desalting change and better desalting efficiency in a double-salt chamber;
FIG. 3 shows the voltage of the desalination cell measured when the photovoltage and the corresponding concentration change when 1.5mA discharge current is applied, and the current change rate in the time indicates good desalination efficiency;
as shown in fig. 4, when 1.0, 1.5, 2, 1.5mA of discharge current is applied, the photovoltage and corresponding concentration change, and the measured voltage-time and salt concentration-time graphs of the desalting cell show that as the current increases, the cell voltage decreases, i.e. the higher the current, the higher the desalting efficiency.
A second solar energy and desalination device assembly mode:
connecting the solar cell and the oxidation-reduction desalination cell in parallel, and detecting and observing a photocurrent curve and corresponding concentration change in the parallel solar oxidation-reduction flow cell device as shown in a 3D schematic diagram of the parallel solar oxidation-reduction flow cell device in FIG. 5;
after the desalting cell is assembled, starting the XQ350 adjustable photocatalysis instrument, setting the output current to be 8A, carrying out electrochemical performance test, testing the conductivity of the solution by using the conductivity instrument, and further obtaining the NaCl removal effect, as shown in FIG. 6, connecting the photoelectric anode of the solar cell device with the anode of the desalting device, connecting the photoelectric cathode with the cathode of the desalting device, and driving the desalting device to work in a parallel mode. The measured curves are a photocurrent curve and corresponding concentration change, and a current-time curve and a salt concentration-time curve of the desalting battery are measured;
and a third solar energy and desalination device assembly mode:
the solar cell and the redox desalination cell are connected in series, for example, a series-connected solar redox flow cell device is shown in FIG. 7, and the photocurrent curve and the corresponding concentration change are detected and observed.
As shown in FIG. 8, when a photocathode and an anode of a desalination device are connected to form a desalination process which realizes energy output in series, when 1.5mA discharge current is applied, photovoltage and corresponding concentration change, and the voltage of a measured desalination cell, the current change rate in the time indicates good desalination efficiency.
Example 2
A method for realizing high-quality fresh water by utilizing a solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology adopts a battery device with double salt chambers for continuous dialysis and desalination:
(I) preparation of photo-anode material
The same as example 1;
(II) preparation of solar cell electrolyte
Weighing FeCl3/FeCl2Dissolved in 5mL of deionized water and stirred for 5 hours to obtain 0.6M FeCl3/FeCl2Stirring the electrolyte, and then putting the electrolyte into a 10mL centrifuge tube;
(III) preparation of desalination cell electrolyte
The same as example 1;
(IV) preparation of NaCl solution as saline solution to be treated
The same as example 1;
(V) preparation of solar redox flow desalting device
Using the FTO glass obtained in the step (I) as a photoelectric anode material and a solar cell FeCl3/FeCl2Electrolyte and desalination cell electrolyte K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6]Mixed solution, two 10g/L salt solutions A, B, one piece of anion exchange membrane (2cm multiplied by 2cm),Two cation exchange membranes (2cm multiplied by 2cm), two acrylic outer plates (4cm multiplied by 0.5cm) and four thin silica gel plates (the effective area is 1.5cm multiplied by 1.5cm) are assembled into a double-salt chamber desalting battery device, the device is fixed by a stud and a nut, and electrolyte salt solution A, B circularly flows by a small peristaltic pump respectively;
the method comprises the steps of respectively connecting a solar cell and a redox desalination cell in parallel and series with a photocurrent curve and corresponding concentration change, starting an XQ350 adjustable type photocatalysis instrument after the desalination cell device is assembled, setting the output current to be 8A, carrying out electrochemical performance test, and testing the conductivity of a solution by using a conductivity instrument so as to obtain the NaCl removal effect.
Example 3
A method for realizing high-quality fresh water by utilizing a solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology adopts a battery device with double salt chambers for continuous dialysis and desalination:
(I) preparation of photo-anode material
1) The size of the sample is 2.5 x 5cm2The FTO glass is cleaned in an ultrasonic bath of detergent solution, distilled water, acetone and ethanol;
2) deposition of TiO by spin coating titanium (IV) isopropoxide in acidic medium2Buffering the layer, and sintering at 450 ℃ for 30 minutes;
3) TiO was treated with the paste prepared below2Coating a dense film onto the buffer layer: 0.5g TiO2(Degussa, P25), 0.15g polyethylene glycol 35000 molecular weight, 0.10g polyethylene oxide 100000 molecular weight, two drops of Triton-X-100 and 3.5mL of 0.1M glacial acetic acid for one hour, and the entire contents were stirred for 24 hours;
4) the paste obtained was coated by the doctor blade technique and subjected to a stepwise annealing as follows: 15 minutes at 150 ℃, 10 minutes at 350 ℃, 15 minutes at 450 ℃ and 30 minutes at 500 ℃;
5) by 40mM TiCl at 70 ℃4Soaking in an aqueous medium for 30 minutes to deposit a TiO2 scattering layer;
6) finally, it was annealed at 500 ℃ for 60 minutes, cooled to 70 ℃, then immersed overnight in a 0.3mM solution of LEG4 in acetonitrile, and the dye-coated film was washed with anhydrous ethanol to remove unadsorbed dye molecules;
(II) preparation of solar cell electrolyte
Weighing 0.4687g of TEMPO, dissolving in 5mL of acetonitrile, stirring for 5 hours to obtain TEMPO electrolyte, and stirring and then putting into a 10mL centrifuge tube;
(III) preparation of desalination cell electrolyte
20.0mmol of BTMAP-Fc or FcNCl (or FcN)2Br2) Dissolved in 60mL of water, 10.0mL of 1.0M hydrochloric acid and 512. mu.L of a 30 wt% H2O2 solution were added, followed by stirring for three days until the solution became dark green in color;
taking 3mL of solar cell electrolyte from the centrifuge tube, putting the solar cell electrolyte into the centrifuge tube with the range of 5mL, and taking 2mL of BTMAP-Fc/BTMAP-Fc from the beaker+Or FcN+/FcN2+Putting the mixed solution into a centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 4 mL;
(IV) preparation of NaCl solution as saline solution to be treated
Preparing 20mL and 10g/L of salt solution from NaCl with the purity of 99%, putting the salt solution into a 25mL beaker, continuously taking 1mL of NaCl solution twice from the beaker, respectively putting the NaCl solution into two centrifuge tubes with the measuring range of 4mL, and filling ion exchange resin in a desalting centrifuge tube for preparing deionized water;
(V) preparation of solar redox flow desalting device
Using the FTO glass obtained in the step (I) as a photoelectric anode material, and mixing with solar cell TEMPO electrolyte and desalination cell electrolyte BTMAP-Fc/BTMAP-Fc+Or FcN+/FcN2+The mixed solution, two parts of 10g/L saline solution A, B, one piece of anion exchange membrane (2cm multiplied by 2cm), two pieces of cation exchange membrane (2cm multiplied by 2cm), two acrylic outer plates (4cm multiplied by 0.5cm) and four pieces of thin silica gel plates (effective area is 1.5cm multiplied by 1.5cm) are assembled into a double-salt chamber desalting battery device, the device is fixed by a stud and a nut, and the electrolyte saline solution A, B respectively flows in a circulating way by a small peristaltic pump;
the photoelectric anode is connected with the cathode of the desalting device to drive the desalting device to work in a short circuit mode.
Example 4
A method for realizing high-quality fresh water by utilizing a solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology adopts a battery device with double salt chambers for continuous dialysis and desalination:
(I) preparation of photo-anode material
1) The size of the sample is 2.5 x 5cm2The FTO glass is cleaned in an ultrasonic bath of detergent solution, distilled water, acetone and ethanol;
2) deposition of TiO by spin coating titanium (IV) isopropoxide in acidic medium2Buffering the layer, and sintering at 450 ℃ for 30 minutes;
3) TiO was treated with the paste prepared below2Coating a dense film onto the buffer layer: 0.5g TiO2(Degussa, P25), 0.15g polyethylene glycol 35000 molecular weight, 0.10g polyethylene oxide 100000 molecular weight, two drops of Triton-X-100 and 3.5mL of 0.1M glacial acetic acid for one hour, and the entire contents were stirred for 24 hours;
4) the paste obtained was coated by the doctor blade technique and subjected to a stepwise annealing as follows: 15 minutes at 150 ℃, 10 minutes at 350 ℃, 15 minutes at 450 ℃ and 30 minutes at 500 ℃;
5) by 40mM TiCl at 70 ℃4Soaking in an aqueous medium for 30 minutes to deposit a TiO2 scattering layer;
6) finally, it was annealed at 500 ℃ for 60 minutes, cooled to 70 ℃, then immersed overnight in a 0.3mM Z907 solution in acetonitrile, and the dye-coated membrane was washed with anhydrous ethanol to remove unadsorbed dye molecules;
(II) preparation of solar cell electrolyte
Weighing K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6]Dissolve in 5mL of deionized water and stir for 5 hours to give 0.6M K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6]Stirring the electrolyte, and then putting the electrolyte into a 10mL centrifuge tube;
(III) preparation of electrolyte for desalting cell:
weighing TEMPO and sodium fluoride, mixing, dissolving in 20mL of deionized water to prepare a TEMPO mixed solution with the concentration of 160mM, and putting in a 25mL beaker after ultrasonic treatment;
taking 3mL of solar cell electrolyte from the centrifuge tube, putting the solar cell electrolyte into the centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 5mL, taking 2mL of TEMPO mixed solution from the beaker, and putting the TEMPO mixed solution into the centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 4 mL;
(IV) preparation of NaF solution as a salt solution to be treated
Preparing 20mL and 10g/L salt solution from NaF with the purity of 99%, placing the salt solution into a 25mL beaker, continuously taking 1mL of NaF solution twice from the beaker, respectively placing the NaF solution into two centrifuge tubes with the measuring range of 4mL, and filling ion exchange resin in a desalting centrifuge tube for preparing deionized water;
(V) preparation of solar redox flow desalting device
Using the FTO glass obtained in the step (I) as a photoelectric anode material and a solar cell K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6]The double-salt chamber desalting battery device is formed by assembling an electrolyte and desalting battery electrolyte TEMPO mixed solution, two 10g/L salt solutions A, B, an anion exchange membrane (2cm multiplied by 2cm), two cation exchange membranes (2cm multiplied by 2cm), two acrylic outer plates (4cm multiplied by 0.5cm) and four thin silica gel plates (the effective area is 1.5cm multiplied by 1.5cm) into a double-salt chamber desalting battery device, fixing the device by using a stud and a nut, and circularly flowing electrolyte salt solutions A, B by using a small peristaltic pump respectively;
the first assembly method of the solar device and the desalination cell comprises the following steps: and connecting the photoelectric anode of the solar cell device with the cathode of the desalting device to drive the desalting device to work in a short circuit mode.
The second method comprises the following steps: connecting the photoelectric anode of the solar cell device with the anode of the desalting device, and connecting the photoelectric cathode with the cathode of the desalting device, and driving the desalting device to work in a parallel mode.
The third method comprises the following steps: the desalination device is integrated in the solar cell device, then two or more devices are connected in parallel to realize the desalination process of energy output, and the solar cell device drives the desalination device to work in a constant voltage mode.
The method is as follows: the photocathode and the anode of the desalting device are connected to form a desalting process which is connected in series to realize energy output.
The fifth mode is as follows: the desalination device is integrated in the solar cell device, then two or more desalination processes of energy output are realized in series, and the solar cell device drives the desalination device to work in a constant current mode.
The method six: the light anode of the solar cell device is connected with the anode of the desalination device, the light cathode is connected with the cathode of the desalination device to form parallel connection, the light cathode is connected with the anode of the desalination device to form serial connection, and the two parts are connected in series and parallel to realize the desalination process of energy output.
Example 5
A method for realizing high-quality fresh water by utilizing a solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology adopts a battery device with double salt chambers for continuous dialysis and desalination:
(I) preparation of photo-anode material
1) The size of the sample is 2.5 x 5cm2The FTO glass is cleaned in an ultrasonic bath of detergent solution, distilled water, acetone and ethanol;
2) deposition of TiO by spin coating titanium (IV) isopropoxide in acidic medium2Buffering the layer, and sintering at 450 ℃ for 30 minutes;
3) TiO was treated with the paste prepared below2Coating a dense film onto the buffer layer: 0.5g TiO2(Degussa, P25), 0.15g polyethylene glycol 35000 molecular weight, 0.10g polyethylene oxide 100000 molecular weight, two drops of Triton-X-100 and 3.5mL of 0.1M glacial acetic acid for one hour, and the entire contents were stirred for 24 hours;
4) the paste obtained was coated by the doctor blade technique and subjected to a stepwise annealing as follows: 15 minutes at 150 ℃, 10 minutes at 350 ℃, 15 minutes at 450 ℃ and 30 minutes at 500 ℃;
5) by 40mM TiCl at 70 ℃4Soaking in an aqueous medium for 30 minutes to deposit a TiO2 scattering layer;
6) finally, it was annealed at 500 ℃ for 60 minutes, cooled to 70 ℃, then immersed in a 0.3mM MK2 solution in acetonitrile overnight, and the dye-coated film was washed with anhydrous ethanol to remove unadsorbed dye molecules;
(II) preparation of solar cell electrolyte
Weighing FeCl3/FeCl2Mix and dissolve in 5mL of deionized water and stir 5In hours, 0.6M FeCl was obtained3/FeCl2Stirring the electrolyte, and then putting the electrolyte into a 10mL centrifuge tube;
(III) preparation of desalination cell electrolyte
Weighing VCl3/VCl2Mixing with sodium fluoride, dissolving in 20mL deionized water to obtain 160mM VCl3/VCl2Ultrasonic treatment of the electrolyte, and placing the electrolyte into a 25mL beaker;
taking 3mL of solar cell electrolyte from the centrifuge tube, putting the solar cell electrolyte into the centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 5mL, and taking 2mL of VCl from the beaker3/VCl2Putting the mixed solution into a centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 4 mL;
(IV) preparation of NaF solution as a salt solution to be treated
The same as example 4;
(V) preparation of solar redox flow desalting device
Using the FTO glass obtained in the step (I) as a photoelectric anode material and a solar cell FeCl3/FeCl2Electrolyte and desalination cell electrolyte VCl3/VCl2The mixed solution, two 10g/L saline solutions A, B, an anion exchange membrane, two cation exchange membranes, two acrylic outer plates and four thin silica gel plates are assembled into a double-salt-chamber desalting battery device, the device is fixed by a stud and a nut, and the electrolyte saline solution A, B circularly flows by a small peristaltic pump respectively;
the photoelectrode is connected with the anode of the desalting device, the photoelectrode is connected with the cathode of the desalting device, and the desalting device is driven to work in a constant voltage mode.
Example 6
A method for realizing high-quality fresh water by utilizing a solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology adopts a battery device with double salt chambers for continuous dialysis and desalination:
(I) preparation of photo-anode material
1) The size of the sample is 2.5 x 5cm2The FTO glass is cleaned in an ultrasonic bath of detergent solution, distilled water, acetone and ethanol;
2) deposition of TiO by spin coating titanium (IV) isopropoxide in acidic medium2Buffering the layer, and sintering at 450 ℃ for 30 minutes;
3) TiO was treated with the paste prepared below2Coating a dense film onto the buffer layer: 0.5g TiO2(Degussa, P25), 0.15g polyethylene glycol 35000 molecular weight, 0.10g polyethylene oxide 100000 molecular weight, two drops of Triton-X-100 and 3.5mL of 0.1M glacial acetic acid for one hour, and the entire contents were stirred for 24 hours;
4) the paste obtained was coated by the doctor blade technique and subjected to a stepwise annealing as follows: 15 minutes at 150 ℃, 10 minutes at 350 ℃, 15 minutes at 450 ℃ and 30 minutes at 500 ℃;
5) by 40mM TiCl at 70 ℃4Soaking in an aqueous medium for 30 minutes to deposit a TiO2 scattering layer;
6) finally, it was annealed at 500 ℃ for 60 minutes, cooled to 70 ℃, then immersed overnight in a 0.3mM Z907 solution in acetonitrile, and the dye-coated membrane was washed with anhydrous ethanol to remove unadsorbed dye molecules;
(II) preparation of solar cell electrolyte
Weighing VCl3/VCl2Dissolve in 5mL of deionized water and stir for 5 hours to give 0.6M VCl3/VCl2Stirring the electrolyte, and then putting the electrolyte into a 10mL centrifuge tube;
(III) preparation of desalination cell electrolyte
Weighing FeCl3/FeCl2Mixing with sodium fluoride, dissolving in 20mL deionized water to obtain FeCl with concentration of 160mM3/FeCl2Mixing the solution, performing ultrasonic treatment, and putting the solution into a 25mL beaker;
taking 3mL of solar cell electrolyte from the centrifuge tube, putting the solar cell electrolyte into the centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 5mL, and taking 2mL of FeCl from the beaker3/FeCl2Putting the mixed solution into a centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 4 mL;
(IV) preparation of NaF solution as a salt solution to be treated
The same as example 4;
(V) preparation of solar redox flow desalting device
Using the FTO glass obtained in the step (I) as a photoelectric anode material and a solar cell VCl3/VCl2Electrolyte and desalination cell electrolyte FeCl3/FeCl2The mixed solution, two 10g/L saline solutions A, B, an anion exchange membrane, two cation exchange membranes, two acrylic outer plates and four thin silica gel plates are assembled into a double-salt-chamber desalting battery device, the device is fixed by a stud and a nut, and the electrolyte saline solution A, B circularly flows by a small peristaltic pump respectively;
and connecting the cathode of the photoelectric anode with the anode of the desalting device to drive the desalting device to work in a constant current mode.
Example 7
A method for realizing high-quality fresh water by utilizing a solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology adopts a battery device with double salt chambers for continuous dialysis and desalination:
(I) preparation of photo-anode material
Preparing a perovskite solar cell anode from a silicon and germanium photoelectric conversion semiconductor material;
(II) preparation of solar cell electrolyte
0.02g of lithium iodide, 0.0228g of iodine, 0.479g of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide, 0.0354g of guanidine thiocyanate and 0.2028g of 4-tert-butylpyridine were weighed out and mixed and dissolved in 5mL of butyronitrile and stirred for 5 hours to obtain I-/I3-Stirring the electrolyte, and then putting the electrolyte into a 10mL centrifuge tube;
(III) preparation of desalination cell electrolyte
Dissolving 0.436g of zinc chloride in 20mL of deionized water to prepare a 160mM zinc chloride solution, and putting the zinc chloride solution into a 25mL beaker after ultrasonic treatment;
taking 3mL of solar cell electrolyte from the centrifuge tube, putting the solar cell electrolyte into the centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 5mL, taking 2mL of zinc chloride mixed solution from the beaker, and putting the zinc chloride mixed solution into the centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 4 mL;
(IV) preparation of KCl solution as saline solution to be treated
While example 4;
(V) preparation of solar redox flow desalting device
The perovskite solar cell anode obtained in the step (I) and a solar cell I-/I3-Electrolyte solutionThe desalting battery device is assembled by a desalting battery electrolyte zinc chloride mixed solution, two 10g/L salt solutions A, B, an anion exchange membrane, two cation exchange membranes, two acrylic outer plates and four thin silica gel plates, the device is fixed by a stud and a nut, and the electrolyte salt solution A, B circularly flows by a small peristaltic pump respectively;
and (3) short-circuiting the photoelectric anode and the counter electrode, and connecting the photoelectric anode and the counter electrode to the desalting cell.
Example 8
A method for realizing high-quality fresh water by utilizing a solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology adopts a battery device with double salt chambers for continuous dialysis and desalination:
(I) preparation of photo-anode material
Preparing a silicon substrate solar cell anode by using a III-V compound photoelectric conversion semiconductor material;
(II) preparation of solar cell electrolyte
0.02g of lithium iodide, 0.0228g of iodine, 0.479g of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide, 0.0354g of guanidine thiocyanate and 0.2028g of 4-tert-butylpyridine were weighed out and mixed and dissolved in 5mL of a halogenated 1-alkyl 3-methylimidazolium salt and stirred for 5 hours to obtain I-/I3-Stirring the electrolyte, and then putting the electrolyte into a 10mL centrifuge tube;
(III) preparation of desalination cell electrolyte
Dissolving 0.436g of zinc chloride in 20mL of deionized water to prepare a 160mM zinc chloride solution, and putting the zinc chloride solution into a 25mL beaker after ultrasonic treatment;
taking 3mL of solar cell electrolyte from the centrifuge tube, putting the solar cell electrolyte into the centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 5mL, taking 2mL of zinc chloride mixed solution from the beaker, and putting the zinc chloride mixed solution into the centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 4 mL;
(IV) preparation of KCl solution as saline solution to be treated
Preparing KCl with the purity of 99% into 20mL and 10g/L salt solutions, placing the salt solutions into a 25mL beaker, continuously taking 1mL of KCl solution twice from the beaker, respectively placing the KCl solution into two centrifuge tubes with the measuring range of 4mL, and filling ion exchange resin in a desalting centrifuge tube for preparing deionized water;
(V) preparation of solar redox flow desalting device
The silicon substrate solar cell anode obtained in the step (I) and a solar cell I-/I3-The double-salt-chamber desalting battery device is assembled by an electrolyte and desalting battery electrolyte zinc chloride mixed solution, two 10g/L salt solutions A, B, an anion exchange membrane, two cation exchange membranes, two acrylic outer plates and four thin silica gel plates, the device is fixed by a stud and a nut, and the electrolyte salt solution A, B circularly flows by a small peristaltic pump respectively;
and (3) short-circuiting the photoelectric anode and the counter electrode, and connecting the photoelectric anode and the counter electrode to the desalting cell.
Example 9
A method for realizing high-quality fresh water by utilizing a solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology adopts a battery device with double salt chambers for continuous dialysis and desalination:
(I) preparation of photo-anode material
Preparing a perovskite solar cell anode from a silicon and germanium photoelectric conversion semiconductor material;
(II) preparation of solar cell electrolyte
0.02g of lithium iodide, 0.0228g of iodine, 0.479g of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide, 0.0354g of guanidine thiocyanate and 0.2028g of 4-tert-butylpyridine were weighed out and mixed and dissolved in 5mL of butyronitrile and stirred for 5 hours to obtain I-/I3-Stirring the electrolyte, and then putting the electrolyte into a 10mL centrifuge tube;
(III) preparation of desalination cell electrolyte
Dissolving 0.436g of zinc chloride in 20mL of deionized water to prepare a 160mM zinc chloride solution, and putting the zinc chloride solution into a 25mL beaker after ultrasonic treatment;
taking 3mL of solar cell electrolyte from the centrifuge tube, putting the solar cell electrolyte into the centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 5mL, taking 2mL of zinc chloride mixed solution from the beaker, and putting the zinc chloride mixed solution into the centrifuge tube with the measuring range of 4 mL;
(IV) saline solution to be treated Na2SO4Preparation of the solution
Mixing Na with purity of 99%2SO4Configured into 20mL, 10g/LSalt solution, put into a 25mL beaker, and 1mL of Na was taken twice in succession from the beaker2SO4The solution is respectively put into two centrifuge tubes with the measuring range of 4mL, and ion exchange resin is filled in a desalting centrifuge tube and is used for preparing deionized water;
(V) preparation of solar redox flow desalting device
Assembling the perovskite solar cell anode obtained in the step (I), a solar cell I-/I3-electrolyte and desalting cell electrolyte zinc chloride mixed solution, two 10g/L salt solutions A, B, an anion exchange membrane, two cation exchange membranes, two acrylic outer plates and four thin silica gel plates into a double-salt chamber desalting cell device, fixing the device by using a stud and a nut, and enabling an electrolyte salt solution A, B to respectively flow circularly by using a small peristaltic pump;
and (3) short-circuiting the photoelectric anode and the counter electrode, and connecting the photoelectric anode and the counter electrode to the desalting cell.
Claims (10)
1. A method for realizing high-quality fresh water by using a solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology is characterized by comprising the steps of adopting the solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology to supply power to a desalting device, driving an electrochemical redox process to carry out desalting, and obtaining high-quality fresh water;
the solar device comprises one of a dye-sensitized solar cell, a perovskite solar cell and a silicon substrate solar cell.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the solar device comprises one of an aqueous solar cell, an organic solar cell, and an ionic solvent solar cell.
3. The method for realizing high quality fresh water according to claim 2, wherein the battery solvent in the solar device comprises one of water, anhydrous acetonitrile, butyronitrile solvents and halogenated 1-alkyl 3-methyl imidazole salts.
4. The method for realizing high-quality fresh water according to claim 1, wherein the combination of the solar energy device and the battery of the desalination device comprises two or more batteries which are connected in parallel, in series or in series, so as to realize the desalination process with controllable current, voltage or energy output.
5. The method for realizing high-quality fresh water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solar device and the desalination device drive desalination operation in a short circuit mode, a constant voltage mode or a constant current mode.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the solar device cell electrolyte comprises I-/I3- Solutions, TEMPO solutions, K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6]Solution, FeCl3/FeCl2Solutions, VCl3/VCl2Solution BTMAP-Fc solution, FcNCl or FcN2Br2One of (1) and (b).
7. The method for realizing high quality fresh water according to claim 1, wherein the photoelectric conversion semiconductor material used between the solar device and the desalination device comprises one of N719, LEG4, Z907, MK2, silicon, germanium and tri-v compound.
8. The method for realizing high quality fresh water according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte of the desalination cell in the desalination device comprises K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6]Solution, FeCl3/FeCl2Solution, ZnCl2Solutions, TEMPO solutions, VCl3/VCl2Solutions, I-/I3-Solutions, BTMAP-Fc solutions, FcNCl or FcN2Br2One kind of solution.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the combination of the solar plant with the desalination plant comprises a separate integration or a desalination plant integrated inside the solar cell device, the chambers being separated by ion exchange membranes;
and ion exchange resin is filled in the cavity and is used for preparing deionized water.
10. The application of the method for realizing high-quality fresh water by using the solar-driven redox flow electrolysis technology of any one of claims 1 to 9 in the fields of seawater desalination, deionized water preparation, and fluoride ion or toxic ion removal.
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