CN112456268B - Safety system of elevator and using method - Google Patents
Safety system of elevator and using method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112456268B CN112456268B CN202011326026.7A CN202011326026A CN112456268B CN 112456268 B CN112456268 B CN 112456268B CN 202011326026 A CN202011326026 A CN 202011326026A CN 112456268 B CN112456268 B CN 112456268B
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- Prior art keywords
- elevator
- bottom plate
- upper floor
- safety system
- driving
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
- B66B11/02—Cages, i.e. cars
- B66B11/026—Attenuation system for shocks, vibrations, imbalance, e.g. passengers on the same side
- B66B11/0266—Passive systems
- B66B11/0273—Passive systems acting between car and supporting frame
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
- B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/28—Buffer-stops for cars, cages, or skips
Abstract
The invention discloses a safety system of an elevator and a using method thereof, wherein the elevator cage comprises a top part, a bottom part and side parts, the top part, the bottom part and the side parts surround a box body with an opening on the side surface, the elevator cage is provided with a channel near the bottom end and along the direction vertical to the opening of the box body, the bottom part comprises an upper bottom plate, an elastic bottom plate and a lower bottom plate, the bottom part also comprises a supporting part and a connecting part for fixedly connecting with the side parts, the lower bottom plate is fixedly provided with a driving mechanism, the upper bottom plate can be moved out when the elevator fails or is suddenly powered off, and is abutted on an elevator shaft to act together with a pulley block braking system of the elevator, and an elastic bottom plate capable of reducing impact force is provided, so that the damage of passengers when accidents occur is reduced to the maximum extent, and simultaneously, in the normal working process, the bottom part of the elevator also comprises the upper bottom plate and the elastic bottom plate, the feeling of riding the elevator is not different from the feeling of directly arranging the bottom plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a safety system of an elevator, in particular to an elevator safety system comprising secondary safety protection, and the invention further relates to a method of using a safety system comprising such an elevator.
Background
An elevator is a permanent transport device serving a number of specific floors in a building, the cars of which travel in at least two rigid tracks perpendicular to the horizontal or inclined at an angle of less than 15 ° to the vertical. There are also steps, where the tread plates are mounted on a track for continuous operation, commonly known as escalators or moving walkways. A fixed elevator apparatus serving a predetermined floor. The vertical lift elevator has a car that runs between at least two vertical rows of rigid guide rails or guide rails with an angle of inclination of less than 15 °. The size and the structural form of the car are convenient for passengers to access or load and unload goods. It is customary to use elevators as a generic term for vertical transport means in buildings, irrespective of their drive mode. According to the speed, the elevator can be divided into a low-speed elevator (below 4 m/s), a high-speed elevator (4-12 m/s) and a high-speed elevator (above 12 m/s). The hydraulic elevator begins to appear in the middle of the 19 th century and is still applied to low-rise buildings until now. In 1852, e.g. austs in the united states developed a safety hoist for wire rope hoisting. In the 80 s, further improvements were made to the drive means, such as motors driving the winding drum via a worm drive, the use of counterweights, etc. At the end of the 19 th century, friction wheel transmission is adopted, and the lifting height of the elevator is greatly increased.
In the process of practical use of the elevator, along with the continuous progress of the society, people pay more and more attention to the safety of the elevator, because the elevator is a mechanical product, the condition of abrasion in use exists, meanwhile, the elevator is also a public product, and the familiarity degree of passengers to the product is difficult to predict, therefore, accidents are difficult to avoid in the daily use of the elevator, the conventional safety system of the elevator reduces the danger caused by sudden falling of the elevator through braking the pulley, but the whole process generates heat and is seriously abraded, a second insurance does not exist for ensuring the safety of the whole process, meanwhile, in the sudden falling and sudden braking process of the elevator, the impact caused by acceleration and deceleration of the passengers can not be reduced, meanwhile, the mixed wheel brake can not accurately control the position of the elevator when the elevator suddenly falls, the mixed wheel brake often appears in the middle layer, certain obstacle is caused to rescue, and the sudden falling safety system of the elevator does not have a continuous and reliable mechanical system for preventing the secondary sudden falling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a safety system of an elevator, which increases the braking reliability and reduces the impact force of passengers to effectively protect the safety of the passengers when the elevator breaks down by arranging a movable upper bottom plate and an elastic bottom plate fixed on an elevator cage.
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing a using method of the safety system of the elevator, which has simple steps, is safe and reliable, and can effectively embody the technical effect of the safety system of the elevator comprehensively.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a safety system for an elevator, comprising:
an elevator shaft and an elevator cage;
the elevator cage comprises a top part, a bottom part and side parts, wherein the side parts are U-shaped, the side parts are fixedly connected with the top part, the side parts are fixedly connected with the bottom part, the top part, the bottom part and the side parts surround a box body with an opening on the side surface, the top part is provided with a pulley assembly which is connected with a power source of the elevator and drives the elevator cage to move up and down in the elevator shaft, the elevator cage is close to the bottom end and is provided with a channel along the direction vertical to the opening of the box body, the bottom part comprises an upper bottom plate which can move horizontally relative to the bottom part, an elastic bottom plate which is arranged on the upper bottom plate and is fixed on the elevator cage and a lower bottom plate which is arranged at the bottom end of the bottom part, the bottom part also comprises a supporting part for supporting the upper bottom plate and a connecting part for fixedly connecting with the side parts, the lower bottom plate is fixedly provided with a driving mechanism, the output end of the driving mechanism is fixedly connected with the upper bottom plate, the upper bottom plate can move on the supporting part relative to the elevator cage through the passage and is abutted against the elevator shaft, the elevator safety system arranged in the mode can move out of the upper bottom plate when an elevator fault occurs or power failure occurs suddenly and is abutted against the elevator shaft to act together with a pulley block braking system of the elevator, an elastic bottom plate capable of reducing impact force is provided, damage of passengers when accidents occur is reduced to the maximum extent, meanwhile, in the normal working process, the bottom of the elevator still comprises the upper bottom plate and the elastic bottom plate, and the feeling of taking the elevator is not different from that of directly arranging the bottom plate.
Furthermore, the upper edge of the channel of the elevator cage is also provided with a blocking part, the blocking part comprises a blocking side plate and a blocking rib plate, the blocking rib plate is triangular, the blocking part is arranged on the outer side of the elevator cage and the upper edge of the channel of the elevator cage, the shearing force of the side part of the elevator cage on the upper bottom plate can be effectively reduced, the vibration generated when the upper bottom plate is abutted to the elevator shaft can also be reduced, the overall safety performance is better, and the passenger protection is better.
Further, the supporting part includes the ball open slot and sets up the ball in the ball open slot, the ball maximum diameter is located the ball open slot just the ball exposes in the ball open slot, the ball supports the upper plate, through the supporting part that the ball set up, be favorable to sliding of upper plate on the one hand, be unlikely to under the frictional force effect that positive pressure produced, the upper plate difficulty of sliding, the holding power dispersion of ball is even simultaneously, and support effect is good, can let the upper plate more steady arrange elevator railway carriage or compartment bottom in, eliminates portable upper plate to passenger's influence in normal work.
Furthermore, the upper bottom plate comprises an upper bottom plate bearing part and a friction abutting part, the upper bottom plate bearing part is a flat steel plate, the friction abutting part and the upper bottom plate bearing part are fixedly connected and have the same thickness with the upper bottom plate bearing part, the friction abutting part comprises a friction abutting connecting part and a friction abutting contact part, the friction abutting contact part is obliquely arranged and gradually becomes smaller along the downward running direction of the elevator, grooves are arranged at intervals of the friction abutting contact part, the bottom of one end of the upper bottom plate bearing part far away from the friction abutting part is provided with an upper bottom plate anti-falling limiting part, the friction abutting part is obliquely arranged, the downward moving direction of the elevator is reduced, the friction surface can be effectively abutted against the elevator shaft by virtue of downward moving force, the friction area is increased during abutting, and braking force is more efficiently provided on the basis of not increasing the thickness of the upper bottom plate, through the setting of recess, can prevent that friction surface and elevartor shaft side contact failure from leading to the problem that area of contact is little to appear, set up the spacing portion of anticreep, installation bottom plate that can be better, the problem that the bottom plate removal formed too big and break away from the elevator car can not appear simultaneously.
Further, the driving mechanism comprises a driving fixing part, a driving moving part and an elastic compression part, the driving fixing part is fixedly arranged on the lower bottom plate, the driving moving part is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the upper bottom plate, the driving fixing part comprises a first hollow cavity, the opening direction of the first hollow cavity is consistent with that of the channel, the driving moving part comprises a shape matched with the first hollow cavity and a second hollow cavity, the elastic compression part is arranged in the first hollow cavity and the second hollow cavity, the driving moving part can move along the opening direction of the first hollow cavity under the action of the elastic compression part, braking can be realized without an additional electric power storage system when power failure due to the arrangement of a physical elastic part, and meanwhile, the stroke which is nearly doubled can be improved on the premise of reducing weight due to the arrangement of the first hollow cavities of the driving fixing part and the driving moving part, saving material and space of the drive mechanism.
Furthermore, the elevator cage comprises a switch baffle which is electromagnetic control, the switch baffle keeps in a state of resisting the upper base plate in a power-on state, when the passage is opened in a power-off state, the upper base plate moves out of the elevator cage under the action of the driving mechanism and is in contact with the elevator shaft, and the physical elastic driving structure can be triggered to realize braking in the power-off state through the electromagnetic control switch baffle.
Further, the bottom part also comprises an inflatable airbag, the length of the supporting part in the moving direction of the upper bottom plate is smaller than 3/4 of the length of the bottom part in the moving direction of the upper bottom plate, the inflatable airbag comprises an airbag body, a driving avoiding part, a supporting avoiding part and a bottom plate avoiding part, the driving avoiding part is used for enabling the driving mechanism to move smoothly in the bottom part, the supporting avoiding part is an upper through groove and a lower through groove and is used for avoiding the supporting part, the bottom plate avoiding part is used for enabling the upper bottom plate to move smoothly in the bottom part, the inflatable airbag is integrally formed and forms a complete through cavity, through the arrangement of the inflatable airbag, on one hand, secondary support for the elastic bottom plate can be directly provided, on the other hand, mechanical parts at the bottom part can be effectively wrapped, the mechanical parts at the bottom part can be prevented from causing damage to passengers, and the size of the supporting part is set, can let the gasbag integral type set up, and need not set up a plurality of gasbags respectively, the gasbag that the integral type set up is better to mechanical parts's parcel performance, and the mode of aerifing simultaneously can be simpler.
Further, the elevator cage further comprises a second air bag, the second air bag is arranged below the bottom, the elevator shaft comprises a concave-convex arranged friction surface and a limiting groove, the limiting groove comprises a blocking surface and a guide surface, the guide surface is obliquely arranged, the blocking surface is horizontally arranged, the blocking surface and the guide surface form an open groove gradually enlarged, the blocking surface is flush with the upper plane of each floor, the friction surface of the elevator shaft is arranged, the upper plate can be matched with the elevator to brake better, the upper plate can be guided into the limiting groove through the arrangement of the horn mouth limiting groove, and the blocking surface is used for mechanically limiting the elevator cage, so that the braking position of the elevator cage can be controlled, and the rescue can be expanded in the aspect.
Furthermore, the upper plate comprises an upper plate left side and an upper plate right side, the upper plate left side and the upper plate right side are symmetrically arranged, the channel is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the elevator cage, the driving mechanism comprises a group of driving mechanisms and is reversely arranged, the supporting parts are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the upper plate left side and the upper plate right side and are used for respectively supporting the upper plate left side and the upper plate right side, the upper plates are symmetrically arranged, the whole safety system can be braked more stably, and meanwhile, the whole braking stability can be guaranteed by matching with a guide rail preset in the elevator shaft and a rail of the elevator cage.
The other technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: when the acceleration sensor detects abnormity and the infrared sensor detects that people exist in the elevator, the brake system responds, meanwhile, the driver drives the upper bottom plate to move out and abut against the elevator shaft, at the moment, the people in the elevator stand on the elastic bottom plate to safely decelerate, and the five-party intercom system is corresponding to eliminate faults at the first time;
or when the power is suddenly cut off, the acceleration sensor detects abnormity and the infrared sensor detects a person in the elevator, the brake system responds, the switch baffle is opened, the upper bottom plate is ejected out under the drive of the physical driving mechanism and is abutted to the elevator shaft, the person in the elevator stands on the elastic bottom plate at the moment, the speed is safely reduced, and the fault is eliminated at the first time by corresponding to the five-way intercom system;
when the safety system of the elevator comprises the inflatable air bag, the inflatable air bag is inflated, people stand on the elastic bottom plate and are supported by the inflatable air bag, the use method of the safety system of the elevator is simple and efficient to use, the elevator car can be quickly braked, passengers in the elevator car are protected, and the method is suitable for various faults including system failure, emergency falling of the elevator, power failure of the elevator and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the structure design has the following advantages:
the invention can be movably supported against the upper bottom plate of the elevator shaft and the elastic bottom plate fixed in the elevator cage, and can be used for high-efficiency braking under the combined action of the upper bottom plate and the elastic bottom plate of the elevator and a pulley block braking system of the elevator when the elevator fails or is suddenly powered off, so that the damage of passengers in accidents is reduced to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the feeling of taking the elevator is not different from that of directly arranging the bottom plate in the normal working process.
The invention introduces a method for using a safety system of an elevator, which is simple and efficient to use, can quickly brake an elevator car and simultaneously protect passengers in the elevator car, and is suitable for various faults including system failure, emergency drop of the elevator, power failure of the elevator and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a left side view of the upper base plate of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the upper plate of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the portion D of fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a front view of a support portion of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 5.
FIG. 7 is a top view of a support portion of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a front view of another support portion of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a sectional view G-G of fig. 8.
FIG. 10 is a top view of another support portion of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a left side view of the drive mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of an elevator cage of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of an elevator cage and an elevator shaft according to the present invention.
Fig. 15 is an enlarged partial view of portion E of fig. 14.
Fig. 16 is a partially enlarged view of portion F of fig. 14.
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of an inflatable bladder of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is another schematic view of the cage and the elevator shaft of the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a schematic view of an elevator car of the present invention including an inflatable air bag.
Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 19.
Shown in the figure: 100. an elevator shaft; 110. a friction surface; 120. a limiting groove; 121. a resisting surface; 122. a guide surface; 200. an elevator cage; 210. a top portion; 211. a sheave assembly; 220. a bottom; 221. an upper base plate; 2211. a floor carrying section; 2212. a frictional abutment; 2213. a frictional abutment connection; 2214. a frictional contact portion; 2215. a groove; 2216. an upper bottom plate anti-drop limiting part; 2217. the upper bottom plate is left; 2218. the upper bottom plate is right; 222. an elastic bottom plate; 223. a support portion; 2231. a ball opening groove; 2232. a ball bearing; 224. a drive mechanism; 2241. a drive fixing part; 2242. a drive moving section; 2243. an elastic compression member; 2244. a first hollow cavity; 2245. a hollow cavity II; 225. a lower base plate; 230. a side portion; 240. a channel; 250. a resisting part; 251. a resisting side plate; 252. a resisting rib plate; 260. a switch baffle; 270. an inflatable air bag; 271. an airbag body; 272. a drive avoidance section; 273. a support avoiding part; 274. a bottom plate avoiding part; 280. a second air bag.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
An energy-saving shower room is shown in figures 1-20 and comprises an elevator shaft 100 and an elevator cage 200;
the elevator cage 200 comprises a top 210, a bottom 220 and sides 230, the sides 230 are U-shaped, the sides 230 are fixedly connected with the top 210, the sides 230 are fixedly connected with the bottom 220, the top 210, the bottom 220 and the sides 230 enclose a box body with an opening on one side, the top 210 is provided with pulley assemblies 211 which are connected with a power source of the elevator to drive the elevator cage 200 to move up and down in the elevator shaft 100, the elevator cage 200 is provided with a channel 240 near the bottom end and along the direction vertical to the opening of the box body, the channel 240 can be arranged on the sides 230 or the bottom 220, the bottom 220 comprises an upper bottom plate 221 which can move horizontally relative to the bottom 220, an elastic bottom plate 222 which is arranged on the upper bottom plate 221 and fixed on the elevator cage 200 and a lower bottom plate 225 which is arranged at the bottom end of the bottom 220, the elastic bottom plate 222 can be fixedly arranged on the sides 230 or the bottom 220, the bottom part 220 further comprises a support part 223 for supporting the upper floor 221 and a connecting part for fixed connection with the side part 230, the lower floor 225 is fixedly provided with a driving mechanism 224, the output end of the driving mechanism 224 is fixedly connected with the upper floor 221, and under the action of the driving mechanism 224, the upper floor 221 can move on the support part 223 relative to the elevator cage 200 through the passage 240 and abut against the elevator shaft 100.
In a specific implementation, as a further scheme, a resisting portion 250 is further arranged on the upper edge of the passageway 240 of the elevator car 200, the resisting portion 250 comprises a resisting side plate 251 and a resisting rib plate 252, and the resisting rib plate 252 is arranged in a triangular shape.
In a specific implementation, as a further scheme, the support portion 223 includes a ball opening groove 2231 and a ball 2232 disposed in the ball opening groove 2231, a maximum diameter of the ball 2232 is located in the ball opening groove 2231, the ball 2232 is exposed out of the ball opening groove 2231, the ball 2232 supports the upper base plate 221, two sides of the ball opening groove 2231 are closed, the ball opening groove 2231 may be made in a form of a counter bore and a side cover plate, or the ball opening groove 2231 may be made in a form of a semicircular rest opening groove and an upper cover plate.
In a specific implementation, as a further scheme, the upper base plate 221 includes an upper base plate bearing portion 2211 and a friction abutting portion 2212, the upper base plate bearing portion 2211 is a flat steel plate, the friction abutting portion 2212 and the upper base plate bearing portion 2211 are fixedly connected and have the same thickness as the upper base plate bearing portion 2211, the friction abutting portion 2212 includes a friction abutting connection portion 2213 and a friction abutting contact portion 2214, the friction abutting contact portion 2214 is obliquely arranged and gradually becomes smaller along a downward moving direction of the elevator, grooves 2215 are arranged at intervals of the friction abutting contact portion 2214, the upper base plate bearing portion 2211 is provided with an upper base plate anti-falling limiting portion 2216 at a bottom 220 of one end far away from the friction abutting portion 2212, the friction abutting portion 2212 is made of wear-resistant rubber, and the oblique angle is 60 ° to 80 °.
In a specific implementation, as a further scheme, the driving mechanism 224 comprises a driving fixed part 2241, a driving moving part 2242 and an elastic compression part 2243, the driving fixing part 2241 is fixedly disposed on the lower plate 225, the driving moving part 2242 is fixedly disposed on the bottom 220 of the upper plate 221, the driving fixing part 2241 includes a first hollow cavity 2244, an opening direction of the first hollow cavity 2244 is identical to an opening direction of the passage 240, the driving moving part 2242 includes an outer shape fitting the hollow cavity and a hollow cavity two 2245, the resilient compression member 2243 is disposed in the hollow cavity one 2244 and the hollow cavity two 2245, the driving moving part 2242 may move in the opening direction of the hollow cavity one 2244 by the elastic compression part 2243, the overlapping portion of the first hollow cavity 2244 and the second hollow cavity 2245 exceeds 90% of the entire driving fixing part 2241.
In a specific implementation, as a further scheme, the elevator cage 200 comprises a switch baffle 260, the switch baffle 260 is electromagnetic control, the switch baffle 260 is kept in a state of resisting the upper bottom plate 221 in a power-on state, when the passage 240 is opened in a power-off state, the upper bottom plate 221 is moved out of the elevator cage 200 and is abutted with the elevator shaft 100 under the action of the driving mechanism 224, and if the elevator is in a failure without power-off, the electromagnetic control on the baffle is controlled to be disconnected by the controller, and the passage 240 is opened.
In a specific implementation, as a further scheme, the bottom 220 further includes an inflatable airbag 270, the length of the supporting portion 223 in the moving direction of the upper bottom 221 is smaller than 3/4 of the length of the bottom 220 in the moving direction of the upper bottom 221, the inflatable airbag 270 includes an airbag body 271, a driving avoiding portion 272, a supporting avoiding portion 273 and a bottom plate avoiding portion 274, the driving avoiding portion 272 is used for enabling the driving mechanism 224 to move smoothly at the bottom 220, the supporting avoiding portion 273 is an upper through groove and a lower through groove and is used for avoiding the supporting portion 223, the bottom plate avoiding portion 274 is used for enabling the upper bottom 221 to move smoothly at the bottom 220, and the inflatable airbag 270 is integrally formed and forms a complete through cavity.
In a specific implementation, as a further scheme, the elevator car 200 further includes a second air bag 280, the second air bag 280 is disposed below the bottom 220, the elevator shaft 100 includes a concave-convex disposed friction surface 110 and a limiting groove 120, the limiting groove 120 includes a resisting surface 121 and a guiding surface 122, the guiding surface 122 is disposed obliquely, the resisting surface 121 is disposed horizontally, the resisting surface 121 and the guiding surface 122 form a gradually enlarged open slot, and the resisting surface 121 is flush with the upper plane of the floor slab of each floor.
In a specific implementation, as a further scheme, the upper bottom plate 221 includes an upper bottom plate left 2217 and an upper bottom plate right 2218, the upper bottom plate left 2217 and the upper bottom plate right 2218 are symmetrically arranged, the passages 240 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the elevator car 200, the driving mechanisms 224 include a group and are oppositely arranged, and the supporting parts 223 are respectively arranged on the bottom parts 220 of the upper bottom plate left 2217 and the upper bottom plate right 2218 and are used for respectively supporting the upper bottom plate left 2217 and the upper bottom plate right 2218.
Another embodiment of the invention is: when the acceleration sensor detects abnormity and the infrared sensor detects that a person exists in the elevator, the brake system responds, meanwhile, the driver drives the upper bottom plate 221 to move out and abut against the elevator shaft 100, at the moment, the person in the elevator stands on the elastic bottom plate 222 to safely decelerate, and the five-party intercom system is corresponding, so that the fault is eliminated at the first time;
or when the power is suddenly cut off, the acceleration sensor detects abnormity and the infrared sensor detects a person in the elevator, the braking system responds, the switch baffle 260 is opened, the upper bottom plate 221 is ejected out under the drive of the physical driving mechanism 224 and is abutted to the elevator shaft 100, the person in the elevator stands on the elastic bottom plate 222 at the moment, the speed is safely reduced, and the five-party intercom system is used for eliminating the fault at the first time;
when the safety system of the elevator includes the inflatable air bag 270, the inflatable air bag 270 is inflated, a person stands on the elastic bottom plate 222, and is supported by the inflatable air bag 270.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but rather various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention, which is defined by the scope of the independent claims.
Claims (10)
1. A safety system for an elevator, comprising:
an elevator shaft (100) and an elevator cage (200);
the elevator cage (200) comprises a top part (210), a bottom part (220) and side parts (230), the side parts (230) are U-shaped, the side parts (230) are fixedly connected with the top part (210), the side parts (230) are fixedly connected with the bottom part (220), the top part (210), the bottom part (220) and the side parts (230) enclose a box body with an opening on one side, the top part (210) is provided with pulley assemblies (211) which are connected with a power source of the elevator and drive the elevator cage (200) to move up and down in the elevator shaft (100), the elevator cage (200) is provided with a channel (240) close to the bottom end and along the direction vertical to the opening of the box body, the bottom part (220) comprises an upper bottom plate (221) which can move horizontally relative to the bottom part (220), an elastic bottom plate (222) which is arranged on the upper bottom plate (221) and fixed on the elevator cage (200) and a lower bottom plate (225) arranged at the bottom end of the bottom part (220), the bottom (220) further comprises a support part (223) for supporting the upper bottom plate (221) and a connecting part for fixedly connecting with the side part (230), the lower bottom plate (225) is fixedly provided with a driving mechanism (224), the output end of the driving mechanism (224) is fixedly connected with the upper bottom plate (221), under the action of the driving mechanism (224), the upper bottom plate (221) can move on the support part (223) relative to the elevator cage (200) and is abutted against the elevator shaft (100) through the passage (240), and the bottom (220) further comprises an inflatable air bag (270).
2. An elevator safety system according to claim 1, characterized in that the passage (240) of the elevator car (200) is further provided at its upper edge with a stop (250), which stop (250) comprises a stop side plate (251) and a stop rib (252), which stop rib (252) is arranged in a triangular shape.
3. The safety system of an elevator, according to claim 1, wherein the support part (223) comprises a ball opening groove (2231) and a ball (2232) disposed in the ball opening groove (2231), the ball (2232) being located in the ball opening groove (2231) at the maximum diameter and the ball (2232) being exposed to the ball opening groove (2231), the ball (2232) supporting the upper base plate (221).
4. The safety system of an elevator according to claim 1, wherein the upper floor (221) comprises an upper floor bearing portion (2211) and a friction abutting portion (2212), the upper floor bearing portion (2211) is a flat steel plate, the friction abutting portion (2212) and the upper floor bearing portion (2211) are fixedly connected and have the same thickness as the upper floor bearing portion (2211), the friction abutting portion (2212) comprises a friction abutting connection portion (2213) and a friction abutting contact portion (2214), the friction abutting contact portion (2214) is obliquely arranged and gradually becomes smaller along the downward moving direction of the elevator, the friction abutting contact portion (2214) is provided with a groove (2215) at an interval, and the upper floor bearing portion (2211) is provided with an upper floor anti-falling limiting portion (2216) at the bottom (220) far away from one end of the friction abutting portion (2212).
5. A safety system of an elevator according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism (224) includes a driving fixing part (2241), a driving moving part (2242), and a resilient compression member (2243), the driving fixing part (2241) is fixedly arranged on the lower bottom plate (225), the driving moving part (2242) is fixedly arranged at the bottom (220) of the upper bottom plate (221), the driving fixing part (2241) comprises a first hollow cavity (2244), the opening direction of the first hollow cavity (2244) is consistent with the opening direction of the passage (240), the driving moving part (2242) comprises an outer shape matched with the hollow cavity and a hollow cavity II (2245), the elastic compression part (2243) is arranged in the hollow cavity I (2244) and the hollow cavity II (2245), the driving moving part (2242) can move along the opening direction of the hollow cavity I (2244) under the action of the elastic compression part (2243).
6. An elevator safety system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the cage (200) comprises a switch panel (260), the switch panel (260) being electromagnetically controlled and being held against the upper floor (221) in the energized state, and the upper floor (221) being moved out of the cage (200) into abutment with the elevator shaft (100) by the drive mechanism (224) when the passage (240) is opened in the de-energized state.
7. The elevator safety system according to claim 1, wherein the length of the support portion (223) in the moving direction of the upper floor (221) is smaller than 3/4 of the length of the bottom portion (220) in the moving direction of the upper floor (221), the inflatable airbag (270) comprises an airbag body (271), a driving avoiding portion (272), a support avoiding portion (273) and a floor avoiding portion (274), the driving avoiding portion (272) is used for enabling the driving mechanism (224) to move smoothly on the bottom portion (220), the support avoiding portion (273) is an upper and lower through groove and used for avoiding the support portion (223), the floor avoiding portion (274) is used for enabling the upper floor (221) to move smoothly on the bottom portion (220), and the inflatable airbag (270) is integrally formed and forms a complete through cavity.
8. An elevator safety system according to claim 1, characterized in that the elevator car (200) further comprises a second air bag (280), the second air bag (280) being disposed below the bottom (220), the elevator shaft (100) comprising a concavo-convex friction surface (110) and a limiting groove (120), the limiting groove (120) comprising a stop surface (121) and a guide surface (122), the guide surface (122) being disposed obliquely, the stop surface (121) being disposed horizontally, the stop surface (121) and the guide surface (122) forming a gradually enlarged open groove, the stop surface (121) being flush with the floor upper plane of each floor.
9. An elevator safety system as defined in claim 1, wherein the upper floor (221) comprises an upper floor left (2217) and an upper floor right (2218), the upper floor left (2217) and the upper floor right (2218) are symmetrically disposed, the passages (240) are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the elevator car (200), the driving mechanism (224) comprises a set and is oppositely disposed, and the supporting portions (223) are respectively disposed at the bottom portions (220) of the upper floor left (2217) and the upper floor right (2218) for respectively supporting the upper floor left (2217) and the upper floor right (2218).
10. A method of using the safety system of an elevator, characterized in that it comprises the safety system of an elevator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising an infrared sensor, an acceleration sensor, a braking system and a five-way intercom system, the braking system reacting when the acceleration sensor detects an abnormality and the infrared sensor detects a person in the elevator, while the drive drives the upper floor (221) to move out of abutment against the elevator shaft (100), when the person in the elevator stands on the elastic floor (222), decelerates safely and the five-way intercom system, eliminates the fault for the first time;
or when the power is suddenly cut off, the acceleration sensor detects abnormity and the infrared sensor detects a person in the elevator, the braking system responds, the switch baffle (260) is opened, the upper bottom plate (221) is ejected out under the driving of the physical driving mechanism (224) and is abutted to the elevator shaft (100), at the moment, the person in the elevator stands on the elastic bottom plate (222), the speed is safely reduced, and the five-party intercom system is used correspondingly, so that the fault is eliminated at the first time;
when the safety system of the elevator includes the inflatable airbag (270), the inflatable airbag (270) is inflated, a person stands on the resilient floor (222) and is supported by the inflatable airbag (270).
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| CN112456268A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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