CN112453761B

CN112453761B - Synthetic lubricating cleaning oil for aluminum alloy MIG welding wire

Info

Publication number: CN112453761B
Application number: CN202011021219.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周建勋; 居晓锋; 潘冬; 李振华
Original assignee: Hit Welding Industry Co ltd
Current assignee: Hit Welding Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-24
Filing date: 2020-09-24
Publication date: 2022-07-12
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-24
Also published as: CN112453761A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lubricating cleaning oil, and provides synthetic lubricating cleaning oil for an aluminum alloy MIG welding wire, which comprises an extreme-pressure anti-wear additive, an anti-emulsifier, an antirust agent, an antioxidant and base oil in percentage by weight, wherein the extreme-pressure anti-wear additive is prepared by compounding thiophosphoramide ester, 1-hydroxy ethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid (dioctyl) ester and cerium isooctoxy borate, the synthetic lubricating cleaning oil is obtained by optimizing the compounding of the base oil, is used before a final process for producing the aluminum alloy welding wire is wound into a finished product, is uniformly coated on the surface of the aluminum alloy welding wire according to a certain amount through oiling equipment, has cleaning and lubricating effects on the surface of the welding wire, has uniform resistance in the conveying process of the welding wire through a plurality of aluminum alloy welding tests, and does not generate black silicon islands on the surface of a welding line, And the surface of the welding line is polished to see fewer air holes.

Description

Synthetic lubricating cleaning oil for aluminum alloy MIG welding wire

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of lubricating cleaning oil, and particularly relates to synthetic lubricating cleaning oil for an aluminum alloy MIG welding wire.

Background

The aluminum welding wire is a soft material with relatively poor columnar strength and is extremely sensitive to the solubility of hydrogen in melting, so that the success of the aluminum welding wire in a production environment depends greatly on the reasonability of the method and control means in the production process, and the factors which have the greatest influence on the performance of the MIG aluminum welding wire are the surface cleanliness of the welding wire and the surface lubricity of the welding wire. The aluminum alloy welding wire inevitably uses lubricants when the mould is drawn, and most of the lubricants are mixed oily substances such as engine oil, cylinder oil and the like, and welding tests show that a large amount of splashes and air holes are generated in the uncleaned welding wire welding process, a layer of black ash exists on the surfaces of a welding line and surrounding base metal, and the welding line is poor in forming, and the main reasons are as follows: (1) the surface oil stain is carbonized in the welding process, a layer of black ash (2) oil stain is formed on the surfaces of a welding line and surrounding base materials, electric arc combustion is unstable in the welding process, splashing is easy to generate, poor welding line forming is achieved, OH compounds exist in the oil stain and dust, and H air holes are generated through ionization at high welding temperature.

Comparing the solubility of the aluminum alloy to H under different states; aluminum produces 40 times as much H bubbles as steel compared to steel. Another index factor is the lubricity of the aluminum alloy welding wire, which is softer than all steel welding wires and is easy to useCutting and easy distortion, firstly, poor lubricity causes large resistance when entering a wire guide pipe, the surface is easy to be rubbed to generate an abrasion powder layer of aluminum powder and resin materials in the wire guide pipe, thus the welding wire can be prevented from being conveyed for a long time, or the wire feeding speed is not uniform when entering a contact nozzle to generate unstable arc, and in addition, the welding wire has poor lubricity and generates unstable arc due to large friction resistance or nonuniform resistance when passing through the contact nozzle. CN201610964013.X A nanometer lubricating oil for special coating welding wire without copper plating and its preparation method are prepared from the following components by mass percent: 55-75% of palm oil, 3-16% of polytetrafluoroethylene, 4-20% of carbon black, 2.5-7.5% of MoS, 0.3-5% of nano CuO0, and nano TiO₂0.2-1.6% of graphene and 2-7% of graphene. Nano CuO and nano TiO₂The particles flow into the friction surface along with the lubricating oil to form a physical adsorption film layer on the surface of the matrix, so that the friction coefficient of the surface of the matrix is reduced, and the wear resistance and friction reduction performance of the lubricating oil are improved. And at present, clean lubricating oil is mainly composed of base oil, additives and nanoparticles, wherein a large amount of nanoparticles are required to be contained, and the nanoparticles are complex in composition and expensive in price. Moreover, the protective film formed by the granular lubricating oil may be unfavorable for subsequent welding of the aluminum alloy welding wire, because under the conditions of high welding temperature and the like, the substances are formed on the surface of the welding wire in many cases, so that the combustion is unstable, the welding seam is poor in formation and the like. Although it is possible to solve the problem of wire feedability, it does not address the problem of cleaning the surface of the wire, nor does it address the effect on weld porosity during welding.

And for the aluminum alloy MIG welding wire, when in welding, the metal particles can be added into the welding wire, and silicon, manganese, iron and other trace elements are formed by interaction with oxygen, but oxides are easily formed, black silicon islands appear in the welding line, the cleaning is difficult, the appearance of the welding line is influenced, and even air holes are generated in the welding line, so that the performance of the welding line is influenced. Therefore, the synthetic oil is required to play a role in lubricating and cleaning the aluminum alloy welding wire, and the oil cannot carry substances which generate various defects when the aluminum alloy welding wire is welded, so that the adverse effect on the surface of a welding seam is avoided. Therefore, how to not contain metal particles with complex components and high price and still ensure the performances of arc stability, feeding property, rust prevention and the like in the using process of the welding wire is the technical problem to be solved by the invention.

The invention content is as follows:

in order to solve the problems, the synthetic oil for the aluminum alloy MIG welding wire is used before a final process for producing the aluminum alloy welding wire is wound on a finished product, is uniformly coated on the surface of the aluminum alloy welding wire according to a certain time quantum through oiling equipment, has cleaning and lubricating effects on the surface of the welding wire, has uniform resistance in the conveying process of the welding wire through a plurality of aluminum alloy welding tests, does not generate black silicon islands on the surface of the welding wire, and has fewer pores after the surface of the welding wire is polished.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the synthetic lubricating cleaning oil for the aluminum alloy MIG welding wire comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:

further, the rust inhibitor is: triethanolamine borate or 2, 5-dimercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole; the preferable 2, 5-dimercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole is easy to generate chemical adsorption with metal components of the welding wire in the using process, so that chelation is generated, a protective film can be formed on the metal surface, various corrosion factors outside can be effectively isolated, and the antirust and antioxidant effects are achieved. And the 2, 5-dimercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole can also be used as an extreme pressure antiwear additive to be added and compounded with other extreme pressure antiwear additives, and has good antiwear and extreme pressure resistance.

Furthermore, a small amount of anti-emulsifier, preferably anti-emulsifier T1001, is added into the synthetic lubricating cleaning oil, so that the storage stability of the lubricating oil can be remarkably improved, the service life of the lubricating oil can be prolonged, the lubricating oil can be synergistically enhanced with the extreme pressure anti-wear additive, and the use effect of the lubricating oil can be further improved.

Further, the extreme pressure antiwear additive is obtained by compounding 60-80% of thiophosphoramide ester, 0.01-0.05% of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid (dioctyl) ester (HEDP) and 20-40% of isooctyloxy cerium borate.

The extreme pressure antiwear additive is obtained by compounding the substances, and can be directionally arranged on the surface of metal through physical adsorption or chemical adsorption, so that a lubricating layer can be firmly attached to the surface of a welded pipe, the lubricating effect is enhanced, and the abrasion of the inner wall and the outer wall of the pipe in the cold drawing process is reduced. The prepared extreme pressure antiwear additive not only can enable lubricating grease to have excellent extreme pressure performance, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance, but also can remarkably improve the oxidation resistance and the rust resistance of lubricating clean oil and reduce the usage amount of the traditional antioxidant and the antirust agent. The invention finds that the extreme pressure antiwear additive containing the iso-octyloxy cerium borate can obviously reduce pores on the welding surface, and if the iso-octyloxy calcium borate or the iso-octyloxy copper borate is adopted, the pores in a welding seam are higher than that of the iso-octyloxy cerium borate.

After the raw materials are compounded, the using amount of the antioxidant can be obviously reduced, the excellent antioxidant effect can be achieved only by additionally adding 0.01-0.1% of the antioxidant, and the antioxidant is preferably IRGANOX L57.

Further, the base oil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of poly alpha olefin synthetic base oil PAO and 5-10 parts of liquid paraffin; 3.5 to 5.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 0.1 to 0.3 part of lauric acid monoglyceride and 1 to 2 parts of trimethylolpropane ester.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following excellent effects:

the lubricating oil compounded by the invention can form a stable protective film on the surface of the welding wire, thereby improving the rust resistance, the abrasion resistance and the arc stability of the welding wire, and stabilizing the welding resistance and the feeding property, more importantly. After the aluminum alloy welding wire disclosed by the invention is used, pores on the welding surface and the welding appearance can be obviously improved, the problem that black silicon islands appear in a welding seam due to the traditional use of a nano-particle extreme pressure anti-wear additive can be avoided, the pores in the welding seam can be avoided, and the performance of the welding seam is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph of wire feed resistance and wire feed rate of a welding wire after use of the lubricating oil formulated in example 1;

FIG. 2 is a graph of wire feed resistance and wire feed rate of the welding wire after the lubricating oil formulated in comparative example 1 was used;

FIG. 3 is a comparative graph of weld porosity after welding with the wire after lubricating oil of example 1 and comparative example 2 was used;

FIG. 4 is an appearance of a weld joint of the welding wire after the lubricating oil is used in the embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is an appearance of a weld joint of the welding wire after the lubricating oil of comparative example 1 is used.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.

Example 1

extreme pressure antiwear additive 5%

Wherein: the antiwear additive is prepared by compounding 65% of thiophosphoramide ester, 0.01% of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid (dioctyl) ester (HEDP) and 34.99% of cerium isooctyloxy borate.

The base oil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of poly alpha olefin synthetic base oil PAO and 10 parts of liquid paraffin; 5.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 0.3 part of lauric acid monoglyceride and 2 parts of trimethylolpropane ester.

FIG. 4 is an external view of a weld bead of the wire used in the lubricating oil of example 1 after welding, and it can be seen from the figure that the outer side of the edge of the weld bead surface is straight.

Example 2

extreme pressure antiwear additive 8%

Wherein: the antiwear additive is prepared by compounding 60 percent of thiophosphoramide ester, 0.05 percent of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid (dioctyl) ester (HEDP) and 39.95 percent of isooctyloxy cerium borate.

The base oil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of PAO (polyamide oil) and 5 parts of liquid paraffin; 3.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 0.1 part of lauric acid monoglyceride and 1 part of trimethylolpropane ester.

Example 3

extreme pressure antiwear additive 3%

Wherein: the antiwear additive is prepared by compounding 70 percent of thiophosphoramide ester, 0.03 percent of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid (dioctyl) ester (HEDP) and 29.97 percent of isooctyloxy cerium borate.

The base oil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of poly alpha olefin synthetic base oil PAO and 8 parts of liquid paraffin; 3.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 0.2 part of lauric acid monoglyceride and 1.5 parts of trimethylolpropane ester.

Comparative example 1

Comparative example 1 is different from example 1 in that: the antiwear additive does not contain cerium isooctyloxy borate, and the thiophosphoramide ester is replaced by the same mass. Other conditions were the same as in example 1.

FIG. 5 is an appearance of a weld joint of the welding wire after the lubricating oil of comparative example 1 is used, and the outside straightness of the edge of the surface of the weld joint is poor.

Comparative example 2

Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that: equal mass of cerium isooctyloxy borate is replaced by calcium isooctyloxy borate. Other conditions were the same as in example 1.

FIG. 3 is a comparison of weld porosity after welding with the wire used in lubricating oils of example 1 and comparative example 2; as can be seen from the comparison of the figures, the weld surface obtained in comparative example 2 is polished to see more pores; and less blowholes are seen after the weld surface of example 1 is ground. Thus, comparative example 2 is disadvantageous in stabilizing the weld properties.

Comparative example 3

Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that: replacing cerium isooctyloxyborate with composite nanoparticles, wherein the composite nanoparticles are prepared from carbon black and nano MoS₂And nano TiO₂Mixed particles of nano-MoS₂3 percent of TiO in the mass of the carbon black₂Accounting for 5 percent of the mass of the carbon black. Other conditions were the same as in example 1.

The extreme pressure anti-wear additive, the anti-emulsifying agent, the antirust agent, the antioxidant and the base oil in the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3 are stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain the synthetic lubricating cleaning oil for the aluminum alloy MIG welding wire, before the final process of producing the aluminum alloy welding wire is wound into a finished product, the lubricating oil is uniformly coated on the surface of the aluminum alloy MIG welding wire through oiling equipment, the coating amount is controlled to be 0.4Kg/t, the coated welding wire is used for welding, and performance detection is carried out.

The welding parameters are as follows: the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the welding current is 28A, the welding voltage is 260V, and the protective gas is CO₂. And continuously welding the welding wires for the same time, and detecting the wire feeding stability and the welding effect under the same conditions.

Detecting a first welding wire resistance test: and judging the influence of the oil on the lubricity of the welding wire by looking at the resistance of the welding wire in the conveying process and the resistance uniformity of the welding wire in a period of welding.

And secondly, judging the influence of the lubricated welding wire on the appearance of the welding seam by shaping the appearance of the welding seam after trial welding.

And thirdly, detecting air holes by polishing the surface of the welding seam a little, and finally judging the influence condition of the oil on the aluminum alloy welding wire.

And recording the resistance of the welding wire and the maximum value and the minimum value of the wire feeding speed of the welding wire during welding, and calculating to obtain a welding wire resistance difference value and a welding wire speed difference value to judge the influence of the synthetic lubricating cleaning oil on the feeding stability of the welding wire during use.

After the lubricating oil in the embodiment 1 is added with oil and used, the resistance range of the welding wire is 4-10(N), the difference is 6(N), the wire feeding speed of the welding wire is 13-18m/min, and the difference is 5. In comparative example 1, the resistance of the welding wire is 6-20(N), the difference is 14(N), the wire feeding speed of the welding wire is 10-20m/min, and the difference is 10.

Claims

1. A synthetic lubricating oil for aluminum alloy MIG welding wires is characterized in that: the synthetic lubricating oil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:

extreme pressure antiwear additive: 3 to 10 percent

And (3) anti-emulsifier agent: 0.1 to 0.3 percent

Antirust agent: 2 to 5 percent

Antioxidant: 0.01 to 0.1 percent

Base oil: balance of

Wherein the antirust agent is selected from triethanolamine borate or 2, 5-dimercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole; the demulsifier is selected from T1001; the extreme pressure antiwear additive is prepared by compounding 60-80 wt% of thiophosphoramide ester, 0.01-0.05 wt% of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) and 20-40 wt% of cerium isooctyloxy borate;

the base oil consists of: 100 parts of poly alpha olefin synthetic base oil PAO and 5-10 parts of liquid paraffin; 3.5 to 5.5 parts of soybean lecithin, 0.1 to 0.3 part of lauric acid monoglyceride and 1 to 2 parts of trimethylolpropane ester.

2. The synthetic lubricant for an aluminum alloy MIG welding wire as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the antioxidant is selected from IRGANOX L57.

3. The use of the synthetic lubricant of claim 1 in an aluminum alloy MIG welding wire, wherein: stirring and mixing an extreme pressure antiwear additive, an anti-emulsifier, an antirust agent, an antioxidant and base oil uniformly to obtain synthetic lubricating oil for the aluminum alloy MIG welding wire, and uniformly coating the lubricating oil on the surface of the aluminum alloy MIG welding wire by oiling equipment before winding a finished product in the last process of producing the aluminum alloy welding wire, wherein the coating amount is controlled to be 0.3-0.8 Kg/t.