CN112450272A - Sugar-cored apple storage disease-resistant and odor-resistant sustained-release regulator and use method thereof - Google Patents
Sugar-cored apple storage disease-resistant and odor-resistant sustained-release regulator and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112450272A CN112450272A CN202011138079.6A CN202011138079A CN112450272A CN 112450272 A CN112450272 A CN 112450272A CN 202011138079 A CN202011138079 A CN 202011138079A CN 112450272 A CN112450272 A CN 112450272A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- solution
- temperature
- apples
- resistant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethylamino)propyliminomethylidene-ethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000008055 phosphate buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 74
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- JARKCYVAAOWBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanal Chemical compound CCCCCC=O JARKCYVAAOWBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- AOGQPLXWSUTHQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(C)=O AOGQPLXWSUTHQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- XHIUFYZDQBSEMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)COC(C)=O XHIUFYZDQBSEMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- MBDOYVRWFFCFHM-SNAWJCMRSA-N (2E)-hexenal Chemical compound CCC\C=C\C=O MBDOYVRWFFCFHM-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- MBDOYVRWFFCFHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-2-hexenal Natural products CCCC=CC=O MBDOYVRWFFCFHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XEYBHCRIKKKOSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;azanylidyneoxidanium;iron(2+);pentacyanide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].[O+]#N XEYBHCRIKKKOSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229940083618 sodium nitroprusside Drugs 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1C UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QNILTEGFHQSKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propan-2-ylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)NC(=O)C=C QNILTEGFHQSKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010010 raising Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 206010064458 Penicilliosis Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 11
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 11
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- RSDDTPVXLMVLQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexyl 3-methylbutanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CC(C)C RSDDTPVXLMVLQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 4
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical class CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- CYHBDKTZDLSRMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexyl 2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)C CYHBDKTZDLSRMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCC XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- WTOYNNBCKUYIKC-JMSVASOKSA-N (+)-nootkatone Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](C(C)=C)C[C@@]2(C)[C@H](C)CC(=O)C=C21 WTOYNNBCKUYIKC-JMSVASOKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBZKQDXXFMITAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC(C)CC MBZKQDXXFMITAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001529821 Agastache Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- XAPCMTMQBXLDBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid hexyl ester Natural products CCCCCCOC(=O)CCC XAPCMTMQBXLDBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WTOYNNBCKUYIKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dl-nootkatone Natural products C1CC(C(C)=C)CC2(C)C(C)CC(=O)C=C21 WTOYNNBCKUYIKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004345 fruit ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCDCLPBOMHPFCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC NCDCLPBOMHPFCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOKKOFHHJFGZHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CC GOKKOFHHJFGZHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DILOFCBIBDMHAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acetate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 DILOFCBIBDMHAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HTUIWRWYYVBCFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OCCC HTUIWRWYYVBCFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/16—Coating with a protective layer; Compositions or apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/264—Synthetic macromolecular compounds derived from different types of monomers, e.g. linear or branched copolymers, block copolymers, graft copolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28016—Particle form
- B01J20/28021—Hollow particles, e.g. hollow spheres, microspheres or cenospheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
- C08F2/24—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
- C08F2/30—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents non-ionic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F265/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00
- C08F265/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group C08F20/00 on to polymers of acids, salts or anhydrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/36—After-treatment
- C08J9/40—Impregnation
- C08J9/405—Impregnation with polymerisable compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/06—Polystyrene
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a disease-resistant and odor-resistant sustained-release regulator for storage of sugar-cored apples, which comprises the following preparation steps: mixing the mixed fragrance-retaining adsorbent, the disease-resistant sustained-release agent and the water-locking additive to obtain a mixed buffer solution, adding the mixed buffer solution into the temperature-sensitive thin film suspension, and keeping for 80 min; adding saturated solution of 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride into the solution to activate the carboxyl groups of the suspension; then, placing the mixture at 10 ℃ for reaction; after the reaction is finished, purifying by a centrifugal mode, and washing the product again by using a phosphate buffer solution to obtain the product. When the regulator is used for storing apples, the dehydration and shrinkage of the apple peel are reduced, and the commercial value is improved; the loss of the aroma of the apples is reduced or eliminated; preventing the apples from rotting and softening during storage, particularly penicilliosis; the regulator of the invention solves the problems of short action time and large residue of the apple preservative.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a disease-resistant and odor-resistant slow-release regulator for storage of sugar-cored apples and a using method thereof.
Background
At present, the following problems exist in the storage period of apples:
(1) the apple peel is dehydrated and shrunk, thus reducing the commercial value; (2) the loss of the aroma of the apples is reduced or eliminated; (3) the apples are rotten and softened during storage, particularly penicilliosis; (4) the apple preservative has the problems of short action time and large residue.
The main reasons for this problem are:
(1) in the process of storage after picking, the quality and the flavor are continuously changed, and especially small molecular substances such as aroma and the like are easily oxidized by air; (2) during storage, the fruit quality is reduced due to microbial infection, and the fruit is degraded and softened; (3) the picked apples are attached to the surfaces of fruits by using the preservative, and although the effect is strong, the time is short and substance residues are caused.
The prior art at present has the following defects:
(1) most adopt sealed package to prevent moisture from volatilizing, but cause bacterial growing more easily, it is less to fruit effect itself.
(2) For the problem of apple aroma, aroma components are mostly researched, but small molecular components for retaining aroma are rarely reported.
(3) In the aspect of apple preservation, most of the apples are soaked in a chemical preservative or fumigated, the dosage of the reagent is large, and the problem of preservative residue exists after the reagent is used.
(4) The apple is preserved fresh, and the use amount is large, and the action time is short, so the preservation time efficiency is short, and much waste is caused.
Aiming at the problem of providing water locking, aroma preserving and disease resistance, the prior art only aims at apple fresh-keeping research, and has no relevant report on specific apple species and functional requirements. At present, the major research is the apple preservation method, for example, as follows:
(1) an apple taste enhancer and an apple taste enhancing method (CN105212170A) disclosed that apple-taste flavors are imparted with a spread accompanied by a sweet-like pulp feeling of apple and a hard, crispy and sweet pulp feeling such as biting of apple, which cannot be reproduced in the past, and that a small amount of aurantialdehyde or nootkatone is added.
(2) A triple fresh-keeping storage method (CN109042859A) for apples discloses that apples are subjected to fresh-keeping storage through steps of picking, sorting, cleaning, ultraviolet treatment, preservative spraying, subpackaging, warehousing and the like, the content is comprehensive, but only ultraviolet and single preservative spraying are selected for fresh-keeping, the method is single, and the problem of comprehensive analysis and treatment cannot be solved.
(3) An apple preservative and a preparation method thereof (CN108617763A), which discloses a preservative with chitosan, modified sodium alginate, organic extractant and the like as main formulas, the method is simple, the formula is reasonable, but the chitosan and the modified sodium alginate are used for coating the apple, and no method is provided for degrading and eliminating the chitosan and the modified sodium alginate at the later stage.
By contrast, the present patent application is substantially different from the above patent publications.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a disease-resistant and odor-resistant sustained-release regulator for storing sugar-cored apples and a using method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a sugar-cored apple storage disease-resistant and odor-resistant sustained release regulator is prepared by the following steps:
mixing the mixed fragrance-retaining adsorbent, the disease-resistant slow-release agent and the water-locking additive according to the mass ratio of 7:2:3 to prepare a mixed buffer solution, adding the mixed buffer solution into the temperature-sensitive thin film suspension, wherein the mixed buffer solution comprises the following components in parts by mass: proportion mL of temperature-sensitive thin film suspension: mL is 4.2-5: 5-5.8, and keeping at 10 deg.C for 80 min; adding 1-1.8% by volume of saturated solution of 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) at 25 ℃ to the solution to activate the carboxyl groups of the suspension; then, placing the mixture at 10 ℃ for reaction; after the reaction is finished, purifying by a centrifugal mode, and cleaning the mixture again by using 10mM phosphate buffer solution with the pH value of 7.2 to obtain the disease-resistant and peculiar smell-resistant slow-release regulator for storing the sugar-cored apples.
Moreover, the preparation steps of the aroma-retention adsorbent are as follows:
weighing primary polystyrene amine (PSA), adding absolute ethyl alcohol, and adding the primary polystyrene amine (PSA): proportion g of absolute ethyl alcohol: mL is 1: 10, stirring and reacting for 5 hours in a water bath at 40 ℃, washing with distilled water for multiple times until the solution is neutral, performing suction filtration, and performing vacuum drying for 24 hours at the vacuum degree of 0.1MPa and the drying temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain activated primary amine resin spheres (PSA);
adding the activated PSA into N, N-dimethylformamide, soaking for 12h, performing suction filtration and drying, and adding an ethanol aqueous solution with the concentration of 80%, namely absolute ethanol according to the volume ratio: adding monomer methacrylic acid into deionized water (8: 2), stirring, heating, raising the temperature, and adding ammonium persulfate and ethanol as solvents to start reaction when the temperature reaches 35 ℃; repeatedly washing with distilled water for many times after 8h, and carrying out vacuum drying for 24h after suction filtration to obtain grafted particles; wherein, the PSA: n, N-dimethylformamide: ethanol aqueous solution: monomeric methacrylic acid: ammonium persulfate: proportion g of ethanol: mL: mL: mL: g: mL is 0.1: 10: 50: 3.0: 0.03: 50;
respectively soaking the grafted particles in 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal to form four substances of saturated and adsorbed 2-methylbutyl acetate grafted microspheres, hexyl acetate grafted microspheres, n-hexanal grafted microspheres and (E) -2-hexenal grafted microspheres; respectively taking four microspheres and drying in vacuum, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.1-0.2MPa, the drying temperature is 50-60 ℃, then respectively adding 1g/L of 80% ethanol mixed solution of 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal, (E) -2-hexenal, taking the ethanol mixed solution as a solvent, and taking ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether as a cross-linking agent, wherein each microsphere is as follows: each ethanol mixed solution: proportion g of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether: mL: mL is 0.5-0.8: 50-65: 0.1-0.25; stirring under reflux at 40 deg.C for 6h, vacuum drying, adding mixed solution of methanol and acetic acid, methanol: the volume ratio of acetic acid is 5-6: 1-2, stirring for 4h at normal temperature, and washing off 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal templates; vacuum drying at the vacuum degree of 0.1MPa and the drying temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain the aroma-keeping adsorbent capable of adsorbing four aroma substances, namely 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal, wherein the four adsorbents are as follows according to the mass ratio: 2-methylbutyl acetate: hexyl acetate: n-hexanal: (E) -2-hexenal ═ 1-1.5: 0.9-1.3: 1.4-2.6: 1.0-1.7, and mixing uniformly to obtain the fragrance-retaining adsorbent.
Moreover, the preparation steps of the anti-disease sustained release agent are as follows:
adding chitosan and distilled water into a container provided with a stirring paddle, a reflux condenser tube and a nitrogen guide tube, and stirring at 45-55 ℃ to obtain a uniform solution; in N2Adding initiator ammonium persulfate under protection and stirring for 30 min; adding a mixed aqueous solution containing glycerol and sodium nitroprusside, wherein the mass concentration of the glycerol in the mixed aqueous solution is 20 percent, and the mass concentration of the sodium nitroprussideThe quantitative concentration is 60 percent; after 15min, adding a cross-linking agent N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, raising the temperature to 70-80 ℃, and carrying out a stirring reaction for 130-150min, wherein the whole reaction process is carried out in N2Under protection, centrifuging at 4500r/min for 15-30min, and collecting supernatant; vacuum drying the obtained product at 50 deg.C to obtain disease-resistant sustained release agent, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve;
wherein the chitosan: distilled water: ammonium persulfate: mixing an aqueous solution: ratio g of N, N' -methylenebisacrylamide: mL: g: mL: g is 4.0-6.0: 18-24: 0.3-0.5: 35-40: 0.15-0.3.
Moreover, the preparation steps of the water-locking additive are as follows:
according to the mass ratio of 2-2.3: 6-7: 0.6-1: weighing starch, acrylate, water and sorbitol as cross-linking agent 0.1-0.3, mixing, centrifuging at 3000r/min for 25-35min to obtain the water-locking additive.
The preparation method of the temperature-sensitive thin film suspension comprises the following steps:
preparing a water phase: firstly, according to the weight percentage of acrylic acid: ammonium persulfate: isopropyl alcohol: proportion of water mL: g: g: mL is 5.5-6.5: 1.2-1.7: 0.7-1.0: 20-25, adding acrylic acid, ammonium persulfate and isopropanol into water, heating to 75 ℃, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 100min in a container provided with a reflux condenser; after the reaction is finished, removing impurities from the polyacrylic acid solution by using petroleum ether, and drying at the temperature of a vacuum chamber to obtain polyacrylic acid for later use;
dissolving N-isopropyl acrylamide, polyacrylic acid, N '-methylene bisacrylamide and ammonium persulfate in deionized water, wherein the mass ratio of N-isopropyl acrylamide, polyacrylic acid, N' -methylene bisacrylamide and ammonium persulfate is as follows: the mass ratio of the deionized water is 5-6: 4-4.5: 2-2.3: 3-3.4: 10-11, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 4.5 by using hydrochloric acid to obtain a water phase;
preparing an oil phase: according to the formula of cyclohexane: scale mL of span 80: g is 50-55: 1-1.5 mixing cyclohexane and span 80 to obtain oil phase;
the aqueous phase was dispersed into the oil phase for 30min at a stirring rate of 140-160rpm, acrylic acid: scale mL of span 80: g is 5.5-6.5: 1-1.5, preparing a water-in-oil pre-emulsion; making the pre-emulsion pass through a microporous membrane with the aperture of 5.0 mu m under the nitrogen pressure of 0.5-1.0MPa by using a rapid membrane emulsifier, and removing oxygen in the solution from the obtained emulsion by nitrogen; meanwhile, dissolving N, N, N ', N' -tetramethyldiethylamine in cyclohexane at 25 deg.C with concentration of 0.1-0.3g/ml, acrylic acid: ratio of cyclohexane mL: mL is 5.5-6.5: 2, adding the mixture into the emulsion with the oxygen removed to accelerate the polymerization reaction; reacting for 4 hours at the temperature of 20 ℃ in a nitrogen environment; after the polymerization reaction, the emulsion is respectively centrifuged and washed for three times by acetone and deionized water so as to remove incompletely reacted chemicals, and finally the obtained substance is stored in the deionized water, namely suspension with the concentration of 3-5mg/m L for later use.
The application method of the disease-resistant and odor-resistant slow-release regulator for storing the sugar-cored apples comprises the following steps:
soaking fructus Mali Pumilae in the slow-release regulator with effects of disease resistance and odor resistance at 10 deg.C for 50 mm, air drying, and storing at 0 deg.C and 95% humidity.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. when the regulator is used for storing apples, the dehydration and shrinkage of the apple peel are reduced, and the commercial value is improved; the loss of the aroma of the apples is reduced or eliminated; preventing the apples from rotting and softening during storage, particularly penicilliosis; the regulator of the invention solves the problems of short action time and large residue of the apple preservative.
2. The regulator of the invention takes polystyrene primary amine microspheres (PSA) with macroporous adsorption as a base material, methacrylic acid (MAA) is combined into a functional monomer to prepare the adsorbent, and the material has specific adsorption performance on volatile alkene. The slow release agent is prepared by taking chitosan as a wall material and sodium nitroprusside as a core material, and the material can delay fruit senescence and improve disease resistance. The protein is methylated to connect with the adsorbent and the sustained release agent to form a cross-linked network structure, and a film coating is formed on the apple epidermis. On one hand, components of the preservative are easier to lock and are retained in the apple to the maximum, on the other hand, when the water temperature reaches 45 ℃, the protein denaturation loses the crosslinking property, a film forming structure cannot be formed, the preservative is automatically adsorbed and falls off, and the human body injury cannot be caused.
3. The regulator disclosed by the invention is particularly suitable for the requirements of keeping the moisture content, aroma components, commercial quality, greenness, no residue and the like of the picked apples, and is rare in the prior art reports.
4. The regulator of the invention uses food grade high water absorption resin as water locking agent to prevent apple moisture from volatilizing: the water retention agent contains a large amount of amide and carboxyl hydrophilic groups, and can absorb a large amount of water by utilizing osmotic pressure generated by concentration difference of ions and groups in the resin and related components of an aqueous solution. Starch graft acrylate is selected, i.e. 20% starch, 70% acrylate, 10% water and 1.0% cross-linking agent (sorbitol). Forming a film to be evenly coated on the surface of the fruit and locking the water.
5. The regulator of the invention uses porous substances to adsorb volatile components, prevents the loss of apple fragrance: during storage of apples, 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal are the main characteristic volatile substances in apples and are also the main components providing apple aroma. By using molecular imprinting technology, coating film on apple epidermis, and when the fragrance overflows, the porous monomer (adsorbent) adsorbs volatile substances, and the volatile substances are remained in the apple epidermis to prevent fragrance emission.
6. The regulator of the invention uses sodium nitroprusside as the active ingredient of the slow release agent, improves the disease resistance of the apple: sodium Nitroprusside (SNP) is a donor of exogenous Nitric Oxide (NO), can be spontaneously decomposed and release NO through a reduction reaction, delays the quality reduction of fruits in a storage process and improves the resistance of the fruits to penicilliosis. Chitosan is used as a wall material, SNP is used as a core material, a slow release agent is prepared, and the slow release agent acts on fruits step by step. On one hand, the action time is prolonged, and on the other hand, the chitosan can slow down the softening rate of the apples.
7. After the regulator is used, the surface of the fruit is coated with a temperature sensitive film, and the regulator can be removed by increasing the temperature of cleaning water: aiming at the problems of easy microbial erosion, softening and water loss of fruit surface and the like during postharvest storage, the adsorbent, the slow release agent and the protein film are combined, and the micromolecule substances are firmly locked to directly act on the apple epidermis by utilizing the protein crosslinking effect. When a human body eats and cleans apples, the water temperature is increased to reach the protein denaturation temperature, the cross-linking effect is lost, so that the apple peels disappear, and the apple peel cleaning agent is non-toxic and harmless to the human body, safe and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the verification that the regulator of the present invention uses food grade super absorbent resin as a water-locking agent to prevent apple water from volatilizing; wherein (a) is the case where no regulator is used (control group), and (b) is the case where a regulator is used (experimental group);
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the effect of sodium nitroprusside and chitosan in the regulator of the present invention; wherein (a) shows the case where no regulator was used (control group), and (b) shows the case where a regulator was used (experimental group).
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and not limitation, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
The raw materials used in the invention are conventional commercial products unless otherwise specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
A sugar-cored apple storage disease-resistant and odor-resistant sustained release regulator is prepared by the following steps:
mixing the mixed fragrance-retaining adsorbent, the disease-resistant slow-release agent and the water-locking additive according to the mass ratio of 7:2:3 to prepare a mixed buffer solution, adding the mixed buffer solution into the temperature-sensitive thin film suspension, wherein the mixed buffer solution comprises the following components in parts by mass: proportion mL of temperature-sensitive thin film suspension: mL is 4.2-5: 5-5.8, and keeping at 10 deg.C for 80 min; adding 1-1.8% by volume of saturated solution of 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) at 25 ℃ to the solution to activate the carboxyl groups of the suspension; then, placing the mixture at 10 ℃ for reaction; after the reaction is finished, purifying by a centrifugal mode, and cleaning the mixture again by using 10mM phosphate buffer solution with the pH value of 7.2 to obtain the disease-resistant and peculiar smell-resistant slow-release regulator for storing the sugar-cored apples.
Preferably, the preparation steps of the aroma-retention adsorbent are as follows:
weighing primary polystyrene amine (PSA), adding absolute ethyl alcohol, and adding the primary polystyrene amine (PSA): proportion g of absolute ethyl alcohol: mL is 1: 10, stirring and reacting for 5 hours in a water bath at 40 ℃, washing with distilled water for multiple times until the solution is neutral, performing suction filtration, and performing vacuum drying for 24 hours at the vacuum degree of 0.1MPa and the drying temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain activated primary amine resin spheres (PSA);
adding the activated PSA into N, N-dimethylformamide, soaking for 12h, performing suction filtration and drying, and adding an ethanol aqueous solution with the concentration of 80%, namely absolute ethanol according to the volume ratio: adding monomer methacrylic acid into deionized water (8: 2), stirring, heating, raising the temperature, and adding ammonium persulfate and ethanol as solvents to start reaction when the temperature reaches 35 ℃; repeatedly washing with distilled water for many times after 8h, and carrying out vacuum drying for 24h after suction filtration to obtain grafted particles; wherein, the PSA: n, N-dimethylformamide: ethanol aqueous solution: monomeric methacrylic acid: ammonium persulfate: proportion g of ethanol: mL: mL: mL: g: mL is 0.1: 10: 50: 3.0: 0.03: 50;
respectively soaking the grafted particles in 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal to form four substances of saturated and adsorbed 2-methylbutyl acetate grafted microspheres, hexyl acetate grafted microspheres, n-hexanal grafted microspheres and (E) -2-hexenal grafted microspheres; respectively taking four microspheres and drying in vacuum, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.1-0.2MPa, the drying temperature is 50-60 ℃, then respectively adding 1g/L of 80% ethanol mixed solution of 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal, (E) -2-hexenal, taking the ethanol mixed solution as a solvent, and taking ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether as a cross-linking agent, wherein each microsphere is as follows: each ethanol mixed solution: proportion g of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether: mL: mL is 0.5-0.8: 50-65: 0.1-0.25; stirring under reflux at 40 deg.C for 6h, vacuum drying, adding mixed solution of methanol and acetic acid, methanol: the volume ratio of acetic acid is 5-6: 1-2, stirring for 4h at normal temperature, and washing off 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal templates; vacuum drying at the vacuum degree of 0.1MPa and the drying temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain the aroma-keeping adsorbent capable of adsorbing four aroma substances, namely 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal, wherein the four adsorbents are as follows according to the mass ratio: 2-methylbutyl acetate: hexyl acetate: n-hexanal: (E) -2-hexenal ═ 1-1.5: 0.9-1.3: 1.4-2.6: 1.0-1.7, and mixing uniformly to obtain the fragrance-retaining adsorbent.
Preferably, the preparation steps of the disease-resistant sustained-release agent are as follows:
adding chitosan and distilled water into a container provided with a stirring paddle, a reflux condenser tube and a nitrogen guide tube, and stirring at 45-55 ℃ to obtain a uniform solution; in N2Adding initiator ammonium persulfate under protection and stirring for 30 min; adding a mixed aqueous solution containing glycerol and sodium nitroprusside, wherein the mass concentration of the glycerol in the mixed aqueous solution is 20 percent, and the mass concentration of the sodium nitroprusside is 60 percent; after 15min, adding a cross-linking agent N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, raising the temperature to 70-80 ℃, and carrying out a stirring reaction for 130-150min, wherein the whole reaction process is carried out in N2Under protection, centrifuging at 4500r/min for 15-30min, and collecting supernatant; vacuum drying the obtained product at 50 deg.C to obtain disease-resistant sustained release agent, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve;
wherein the chitosan: distilled water: ammonium persulfate: mixing an aqueous solution: ratio g of N, N' -methylenebisacrylamide: mL: g: mL: g is 4.0-6.0: 18-24: 0.3-0.5: 35-40: 0.15-0.3.
Preferably, the water-locking additive is prepared by the following steps:
according to the mass ratio of 2-2.3: 6-7: 0.6-1: weighing starch, acrylate, water and sorbitol as cross-linking agent 0.1-0.3, mixing, centrifuging at 3000r/min for 25-35min to obtain the water-locking additive.
Preferably, the preparation steps of the temperature-sensitive film suspension are as follows:
preparing a water phase: firstly, according to the weight percentage of acrylic acid: ammonium persulfate: isopropyl alcohol: proportion of water mL: g: g: mL is 5.5-6.5: 1.2-1.7: 0.7-1.0: 20-25, adding acrylic acid, ammonium persulfate and isopropanol into water, heating to 75 ℃, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 100min in a container provided with a reflux condenser; after the reaction is finished, removing impurities from the polyacrylic acid solution by using petroleum ether, and drying at the temperature of a vacuum chamber to obtain polyacrylic acid for later use;
dissolving N-isopropyl acrylamide, polyacrylic acid, N '-methylene bisacrylamide and ammonium persulfate in deionized water, wherein the mass ratio of N-isopropyl acrylamide, polyacrylic acid, N' -methylene bisacrylamide and ammonium persulfate is as follows: the mass ratio of the deionized water is 5-6: 4-4.5: 2-2.3: 3-3.4: 10-11, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 4.5 by using hydrochloric acid to obtain a water phase;
preparing an oil phase: according to the formula of cyclohexane: scale mL of span 80: g is 50-55: 1-1.5 mixing cyclohexane and span 80 to obtain oil phase;
the aqueous phase was dispersed into the oil phase for 30min at a stirring rate of 140-160rpm, acrylic acid: scale mL of span 80: g is 5.5-6.5: 1-1.5, preparing a water-in-oil pre-emulsion; making the pre-emulsion pass through a microporous membrane with the aperture of 5.0 mu m under the nitrogen pressure of 0.5-1.0MPa by using a rapid membrane emulsifier, and removing oxygen in the solution from the obtained emulsion by nitrogen; meanwhile, dissolving N, N, N ', N' -tetramethyldiethylamine in cyclohexane at 25 deg.C with concentration of 0.1-0.3g/ml, acrylic acid: ratio of cyclohexane mL: mL is 5.5-6.5: 2, adding the mixture into the emulsion with the oxygen removed to accelerate the polymerization reaction; reacting for 4 hours at the temperature of 20 ℃ in a nitrogen environment; after the polymerization reaction, the emulsion is respectively centrifuged and washed for three times by acetone and deionized water so as to remove incompletely reacted chemicals, and finally the obtained substance is stored in the deionized water, namely suspension with the concentration of 3-5mg/m L for later use.
The application method of the disease-resistant and odor-resistant slow-release regulator for storing the sugar-cored apples comprises the following steps:
soaking fructus Mali Pumilae in the slow-release regulator with effects of disease resistance and odor resistance at 10 deg.C for 50 mm, air drying, and storing at 0 deg.C and 95% humidity.
More specifically, the preparation and detection are as follows:
a sugar-cored apple storage disease-resistant and odor-resistant sustained release regulator is prepared by the following steps:
1. preparation of fragrance-retaining adsorbent
50g of primary polystyrene amine (PSA) is weighed and placed in a 300mL four-neck flask, 500mL of absolute ethyl alcohol is added, the mixture is stirred and reacted for 5 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ in a water bath, then the mixture is washed to be neutral by distilled water for many times, is filtered by suction and is placed in a vacuum drying oven to be dried for 24 hours (the vacuum degree is 0.1MPa, and the temperature is 55 ℃). Obtaining the activated primary amine resin ball PSA.
Adding 0.1g of activated PSA into a 100mL four-neck flask containing 10mL of DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide) solution, soaking for 12h, performing suction filtration and drying, putting into a 100mL four-neck flask, adding 50mL of ethanol aqueous solution, adding 3.0mL (2.0% of the total mass) of monomer methacrylic acid (MAA), stirring and heating by using a water bath kettle, and adding 0.03g of ammonium persulfate and 50mL of ethanol as solvents to start reaction when the temperature reaches 35 ℃. And repeatedly washing the particles with distilled water for many times after 8 hours, and drying the particles for 24 hours by using a vacuum oven after suction filtration to prepare the grafted particles.
And respectively soaking the grafted particles in 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal solutions to form four substances of saturated and adsorbed 2-methylbutyl acetate grafted microspheres, hexyl acetate grafted microspheres, n-hexanal grafted microspheres and (E) -2-hexenal grafted microspheres. 0.5g of each of the four microspheres was vacuum-dried and placed in a four-necked flask. 50mL of 1g/L ethanol solutions of 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal were added as solvents, and 0.1mL of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether was added as a crosslinking agent, respectively. Stirring under reflux at 40 deg.C for 6 h. Vacuum drying, placing into a four-neck flask, adding methanol and acetic acid (V)1：V25: 1) the mixture is stirred for 4 hours at normal temperature, and 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal templates are washed away. After vacuum drying, the molecular adsorbent capable of adsorbing four aroma substances (2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal) is obtained.
2. Preparation of disease-resistant sustained-release agent
5.0g of chitosan and 20mL of distilled water were put into a 250mL four-necked flask equipped with a stirring paddle, a reflux condenser and a nitrogen gas introduction tube, and stirred at 50 ℃ to obtain a homogeneous solution. In N2Adding an initiator ammonium persulfate solution under protection and stirring for 30 min; adding a mixture containing 4g of glycerol (mass concentration of 20%) and Sodium Nitroprusside (SNP) (mass concentration of 60%)And (3) solution. Adding cross-linking agent N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide after 15min, raising the temperature, stirring and reacting for 150min, wherein the whole reaction process is carried out in N2Under protection, centrifuging at 4500r/min for 20min, and collecting supernatant. Vacuum drying the obtained product at 50 deg.C, and sieving the dried disease-resistant sustained-release agent.
3. Preparation of water-locking additive
Selecting 20% of starch, 70% of acrylate, 10% of water and 1.0% of cross-linking agent (sorbitol), mixing uniformly, centrifuging at 3000r/min for 25min, and obtaining a mixture for later use
4. Preparation of temperature-sensitive film
First, 5.5mL of acrylic acid, 1.2g of ammonium persulfate, and 0.7g of isopropanol were added to 20mL of water, heated to 75 ℃ and subjected to polymerization for 100min in a 100mL three-necked flask equipped with a reflux condenser. After the reaction is finished, removing impurities from the polyacrylic acid solution by petroleum ether, and drying at the vacuum chamber temperature for later use. Isopropyl acrylamide, polyacrylic acid, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, and ammonium persulfate (6:4:2:3) in various ratios were dissolved in 10mL of deionized water, and the pH of the solution was adjusted to 4.5 with hydrochloric acid. Preparing an oil phase: in a beaker, 100mL of cyclohexane was mixed well with 2.0g of span 80. Then, the aqueous phase was dispersed into the oil phase for 30min at a stirring rate of 140rpm to prepare a water-in-oil pre-emulsion. The pre-emulsion is made to pass through a microporous membrane with a pore size of 5.0 microns under a certain nitrogen pressure by using a rapid membrane emulsifier, and the obtained emulsion is subjected to nitrogen to remove oxygen in the solution. Meanwhile, N, N, N ', N' -tetramethyldiethylamine was dissolved in 2mL of cyclohexane and added to the above emulsion to accelerate the polymerization reaction. And reacting for 4 hours at 20 ℃ under a nitrogen environment. After the polymerization reaction, the emulsion is respectively centrifugally washed for three times by acetone and deionized water so as to remove incompletely reacted chemicals, and finally the obtained substance is stored in the deionized water, namely suspension for later use.
5. Preparation of storage sustained release regulator
Adding the adsorbent containing dehydrated herba Agastaches, disease-resistant delayed release agent, and water-locking additive into suspension (15mL, 3.7mg/m L) with mixed buffer solution (60 mM) at ratio of 7:2:3, and maintaining at 10 deg.C for 80 min. To the above solution was added a further amount of 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) solution at 25 ℃ to activate the carboxyl groups of the suspension. Then, the reaction mixture was left at 10 ℃. After the reaction was completed, the excess was separated from the reaction solution by centrifugation and washed again with 10mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.2). Soaking the apples in the finally obtained solution at 10 ℃ for 50 mm, then air-drying and storing the apples under the optimal storage conditions (temperature 0 ℃ and humidity 95%).
The relevant verification is as follows:
1. the regulator of the invention uses food grade high water absorption resin as water locking agent to prevent apple moisture from volatilizing: the water retention agent contains a large amount of amide and carboxyl hydrophilic groups, and can absorb a large amount of water by utilizing osmotic pressure generated by concentration difference of ions and groups in the resin and related components of an aqueous solution. Starch graft acrylate is selected, i.e. 20% starch, 70% acrylate, 10% water and 1.0% cross-linking agent (sorbitol). Forming a film to be evenly coated on the surface of the fruit and locking the water. As shown in FIG. 1, after storing the apples at 15 ℃ for 10 days, the apples in FIG. 1a (untreated) were shrunken on the surface, dehydrated severely, lost the crisp and smooth mouthfeel, and had dark color, while the apples in FIG. 1b (treated) were smooth on the surface, and had crisp and smooth mouthfeel and bright color without significant dehydration.
2. The regulator of the invention uses porous substances to adsorb volatile components, prevents the loss of apple fragrance: during storage of apples, 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal are the main characteristic volatile substances in apples and are also the main components providing apple aroma. By using molecular imprinting technology, coating film on apple epidermis, and when the fragrance overflows, the porous monomer (adsorbent) adsorbs volatile substances, and the volatile substances are remained in the apple epidermis to prevent fragrance emission.
The relevant verification is as follows:
after 3 months of storage, the apples were subjected to GC-MS analysis for differences in the content of volatile flavour substances of class 2 apples with (experimental) and without (control) regulator. The results show that: esters, alcohols and aldehydes are fragrance components that change primarily during storage. Wherein the aroma components mainly changed during the storage of the apples in the experimental group are butyl acetate, 2-methylbutyl acetate, butyl butyrate, hexyl acetate, 2-methylbutyl butyrate, hexyl iso-valerate, n-butanol, n-hexanal and the like; the main aroma components stored in the control group are propyl caproate, hexyl propionate, hexyl isobutyrate, hexyl butyrate, hexyl iso-valerate, hexyl caproate, n-hexanol and the like. Comprehensive analysis shows that the main aroma components of the apples without the regulator are less during storage, while the aroma components of the apples in the experimental group are more during storage.
3. The regulator of the invention uses sodium nitroprusside as the active ingredient of the slow release agent, improves the disease resistance of the apple: sodium Nitroprusside (SNP) is a donor of exogenous Nitric Oxide (NO), can be spontaneously decomposed and release NO through a reduction reaction, delays the quality reduction of fruits in a storage process and improves the resistance of the fruits to penicilliosis. Chitosan is used as a wall material, SNP is used as a core material, a slow release agent is prepared, and the slow release agent acts on fruits step by step. On one hand, the action time is prolonged, and on the other hand, the chitosan can slow down the softening rate of the apples.
1) The effect of sodium nitroprusside is verified as follows:
after-harvest SNP treatment obviously reduces or inhibits the lesion diameter of apple fruits, and delays the occurrence time of apple fruit respiratory peak during storage. In fruits without regulator, black spots are easily observed on the surface, as shown in FIG. 2 (a). However, the fruit using the regulator was still intact and shiny, as shown in FIG. 2 (b).
2) The chitosan can effectively inhibit the increase of the loss rate of the substantial amount of the apple fruits, reduce the respiratory intensity of the fruits, delay the decrease of the pulp hardness, prevent the dehydration and shrinkage of the surfaces, maintain the quality of the apple fruits and delay the aging of the apple fruits. As can be seen from fig. 1(a), for fruit surface shrinkage without the use of conditioning agents, the hardness decreased (hardness value 11.52N to 8.62N); the reduction in hardness of the fruit (fig. 1(b)) using the regulator slowed (hardness value 11.63N down to 9.21N).
4. After the regulator is used, the surface of the fruit is coated with a temperature sensitive film, and the regulator can be removed by increasing the temperature of cleaning water: aiming at the problems of easy microbial erosion, softening and water loss of fruit surface and the like during postharvest storage, the adsorbent, the slow release agent and the protein film are combined, and the micromolecule substances are firmly locked to directly act on the apple epidermis by utilizing the protein crosslinking effect. When a human body eats and cleans apples, the water temperature is increased to reach the protein denaturation temperature, the cross-linking effect is lost, so that the apple peels disappear, and the apple peel cleaning agent is non-toxic and harmless to the human body, safe and reliable.
The relevant verification is as follows:
the adsorbent, the sustained-release agent and the protein membrane are combined through hydrogen bonds, and the protein is denatured by heating, mainly the hydrogen bonds in molecules are broken, no chemical bond is broken and generated, no new substance is generated, and the adsorbent, the sustained-release agent and the protein membrane are separated and fall off. The apple peel not cleaned by using the regulator, the apple peel cleaned by using the regulator and the apple peel not cleaned by using the regulator are respectively taken for strain analysis, and the result shows that no pathogenic bacteria and mixed bacteria are generated.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed.
Claims (6)
1. The slow released regulator for preventing diseases and bad smell in storing candied apple is characterized by comprising the following components: the preparation steps are as follows:
mixing the mixed fragrance-retaining adsorbent, the disease-resistant slow-release agent and the water-locking additive according to the mass ratio of 7:2:3 to prepare a mixed buffer solution, adding the mixed buffer solution into the temperature-sensitive thin film suspension, wherein the mixed buffer solution comprises the following components in parts by mass: proportion mL of temperature-sensitive thin film suspension: mL is 4.2-5: 5-5.8, and keeping at 10 deg.C for 80 min; adding 1-1.8% by volume of saturated solution of 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride into the solution at 25 ℃ to activate the carboxyl groups of the suspension; then, placing the mixture at 10 ℃ for reaction; after the reaction is finished, purifying by a centrifugal mode, and cleaning the mixture again by using 10mM phosphate buffer solution with the pH value of 7.2 to obtain the disease-resistant and peculiar smell-resistant slow-release regulator for storing the sugar-cored apples.
2. The slow release regulator for resisting diseases and peculiar smell stored in sugared apples according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the preparation steps of the aroma-retention adsorbent are as follows:
weighing primary polystyrene amine (PSA), adding absolute ethyl alcohol, and adding the primary polystyrene amine (PSA): proportion g of absolute ethyl alcohol: mL is 1: 10, stirring and reacting for 5 hours in a water bath at 40 ℃, washing with distilled water for multiple times until the solution is neutral, performing suction filtration, and performing vacuum drying for 24 hours at the vacuum degree of 0.1MPa and the drying temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain activated primary amine resin spheres (PSA);
adding the activated PSA into N, N-dimethylformamide, soaking for 12h, performing suction filtration and drying, and adding an ethanol aqueous solution with the concentration of 80%, namely absolute ethanol according to the volume ratio: adding monomer methacrylic acid into deionized water (8: 2), stirring, heating, raising the temperature, and adding ammonium persulfate and ethanol as solvents to start reaction when the temperature reaches 35 ℃; repeatedly washing with distilled water for many times after 8h, and carrying out vacuum drying for 24h after suction filtration to obtain grafted particles; wherein, the PSA: n, N-dimethylformamide: ethanol aqueous solution: monomeric methacrylic acid: ammonium persulfate: proportion g of ethanol: mL: mL: mL: g: mL is 0.1: 10: 50: 3.0: 0.03: 50;
respectively soaking the grafted particles in 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal to form four substances of saturated and adsorbed 2-methylbutyl acetate grafted microspheres, hexyl acetate grafted microspheres, n-hexanal grafted microspheres and (E) -2-hexenal grafted microspheres; respectively taking four microspheres and drying in vacuum, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.1-0.2MPa, the drying temperature is 50-60 ℃, then respectively adding 1g/L of 80% ethanol mixed solution of 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal, (E) -2-hexenal, taking the ethanol mixed solution as a solvent, and taking ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether as a cross-linking agent, wherein each microsphere is as follows: each ethanol mixed solution: proportion g of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether: mL: mL is 0.5-0.8: 50-65: 0.1-0.25; stirring under reflux at 40 deg.C for 6h, vacuum drying, adding mixed solution of methanol and acetic acid, methanol: the volume ratio of acetic acid is 5-6: 1-2, stirring for 4h at normal temperature, and washing off 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal templates; vacuum drying at the vacuum degree of 0.1MPa and the drying temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain the aroma-keeping adsorbent capable of adsorbing four aroma substances, namely 2-methylbutyl acetate, hexyl acetate, n-hexanal and (E) -2-hexenal, wherein the four adsorbents are as follows according to the mass ratio: 2-methylbutyl acetate: hexyl acetate: n-hexanal: (E) -2-hexenal ═ 1-1.5: 0.9-1.3: 1.4-2.6: 1.0-1.7, and mixing uniformly to obtain the fragrance-retaining adsorbent.
3. The slow release regulator for resisting diseases and peculiar smell stored in sugared apples according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the preparation steps of the disease-resistant sustained release agent are as follows:
adding chitosan and distilled water into a container provided with a stirring paddle, a reflux condenser tube and a nitrogen guide tube, and stirring at 45-55 ℃ to obtain a uniform solution; in N2Adding initiator ammonium persulfate under protection and stirring for 30 min; adding a mixed aqueous solution containing glycerol and sodium nitroprusside, wherein the mass concentration of the glycerol in the mixed aqueous solution is 20 percent, and the mass concentration of the sodium nitroprusside is 60 percent; after 15min, adding a cross-linking agent N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, raising the temperature to 70-80 ℃, and carrying out a stirring reaction for 130-150min, wherein the whole reaction process is carried out in N2Under protection, centrifuging at 4500r/min for 15-30min, and collecting supernatant; vacuum drying the obtained product at 50 deg.C to obtain disease-resistant sustained release agent, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve;
wherein the chitosan: distilled water: ammonium persulfate: mixing an aqueous solution: ratio g of N, N' -methylenebisacrylamide: mL: g: mL: g is 4.0-6.0: 18-24: 0.3-0.5: 35-40: 0.15-0.3.
4. The slow release regulator for resisting diseases and peculiar smell stored in sugared apples according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the preparation steps of the water-locking additive are as follows:
according to the mass ratio of 2-2.3: 6-7: 0.6-1: weighing starch, acrylate, water and sorbitol as cross-linking agent 0.1-0.3, mixing, centrifuging at 3000r/min for 25-35min to obtain the water-locking additive.
5. The slow-release regulator for controlling diseases and resisting peculiar smell in storage of candied apples according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that: the preparation steps of the temperature-sensitive thin film suspension are as follows:
preparing a water phase: firstly, according to the weight percentage of acrylic acid: ammonium persulfate: isopropyl alcohol: proportion of water mL: g: g: mL is 5.5-6.5: 1.2-1.7: 0.7-1.0: 20-25, adding acrylic acid, ammonium persulfate and isopropanol into water, heating to 75 ℃, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 100min in a container provided with a reflux condenser; after the reaction is finished, removing impurities from the polyacrylic acid solution by using petroleum ether, and drying at the temperature of a vacuum chamber to obtain polyacrylic acid for later use;
dissolving N-isopropyl acrylamide, polyacrylic acid, N '-methylene bisacrylamide and ammonium persulfate in deionized water, wherein the mass ratio of N-isopropyl acrylamide, polyacrylic acid, N' -methylene bisacrylamide and ammonium persulfate is as follows: the mass ratio of the deionized water is 5-6: 4-4.5: 2-2.3: 3-3.4: 10-11, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 4.5 by using hydrochloric acid to obtain a water phase;
preparing an oil phase: according to the formula of cyclohexane: scale mL of span 80: g is 50-55: 1-1.5 mixing cyclohexane and span 80 to obtain oil phase;
the aqueous phase was dispersed into the oil phase for 30min at a stirring rate of 140-160rpm, acrylic acid: scale mL of span 80: g is 5.5-6.5: 1-1.5, preparing a water-in-oil pre-emulsion; making the pre-emulsion pass through a microporous membrane with the aperture of 5.0 mu m under the nitrogen pressure of 0.5-1.0MPa by using a rapid membrane emulsifier, and removing oxygen in the solution from the obtained emulsion by nitrogen; meanwhile, dissolving N, N, N ', N' -tetramethyldiethylamine in cyclohexane at 25 deg.C with concentration of 0.1-0.3g/ml, acrylic acid: ratio of cyclohexane mL: mL is 5.5-6.5: 2, adding the mixture into the emulsion with the oxygen removed to accelerate the polymerization reaction; reacting for 4 hours at the temperature of 20 ℃ in a nitrogen environment; after the polymerization reaction, the emulsion is respectively centrifuged and washed for three times by acetone and deionized water so as to remove incompletely reacted chemicals, and finally the obtained substance is stored in the deionized water, namely suspension with the concentration of 3-5mg/m L for later use.
6. The use of the slow-release regulator for controlling diseases and odors in stored apples according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
soaking fructus Mali Pumilae in the slow-release regulator with effects of disease resistance and odor resistance at 10 deg.C for 50 mm, air drying, and storing at 0 deg.C and 95% humidity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011138079.6A CN112450272A (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Sugar-cored apple storage disease-resistant and odor-resistant sustained-release regulator and use method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011138079.6A CN112450272A (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Sugar-cored apple storage disease-resistant and odor-resistant sustained-release regulator and use method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112450272A true CN112450272A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
Family
ID=74833993
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011138079.6A Pending CN112450272A (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Sugar-cored apple storage disease-resistant and odor-resistant sustained-release regulator and use method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112450272A (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102527358A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2012-07-04 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Preparation method and application of phenylethanolamine A molecularly-imprinted material |
| CN106578018A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-04-26 | 余骋怀 | Fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping agent |
| CN108905997A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 中北大学 | A kind of preparation method and application of stevioside adsorbent material |
| CN110305736A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-10-08 | 冉圳 | A kind of preparation method of lasting fragrance flavoring apple essence material |
| CN110447711A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-15 | 贵州大学 | A kind of technology of tea polyphenols composite preservative to grape fresh-keeping |
| US20190357555A1 (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2019-11-28 | Zhejiang Academy Of Agricultural Sciences | Blueberry fresh-keeping agent, preparation method and applications thereof |
| CN111139077A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-05-12 | 新疆红旗坡农业发展集团有限公司 | Biological soil conditioner for enhancing color, aroma, taste and texture of sugar-cored apples and treatment technology |
-
2020
- 2020-10-22 CN CN202011138079.6A patent/CN112450272A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102527358A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2012-07-04 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Preparation method and application of phenylethanolamine A molecularly-imprinted material |
| CN106578018A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-04-26 | 余骋怀 | Fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping agent |
| US20190357555A1 (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2019-11-28 | Zhejiang Academy Of Agricultural Sciences | Blueberry fresh-keeping agent, preparation method and applications thereof |
| CN108905997A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-30 | 中北大学 | A kind of preparation method and application of stevioside adsorbent material |
| CN110305736A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-10-08 | 冉圳 | A kind of preparation method of lasting fragrance flavoring apple essence material |
| CN110447711A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-15 | 贵州大学 | A kind of technology of tea polyphenols composite preservative to grape fresh-keeping |
| CN111139077A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-05-12 | 新疆红旗坡农业发展集团有限公司 | Biological soil conditioner for enhancing color, aroma, taste and texture of sugar-cored apples and treatment technology |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 李喜宏等: "壳聚糖果蔬保鲜复合涂膜的制备与保鲜效果研究进展", 《西华大学学报(自然科学版)》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4587284A (en) | Absorbent polymer material and its preparation | |
| WO2011038374A2 (en) | Absorbent composition and methods thereof | |
| EP0229380A1 (en) | Preservative composition | |
| CN112450272A (en) | Sugar-cored apple storage disease-resistant and odor-resistant sustained-release regulator and use method thereof | |
| CN106942360B (en) | Preparation method of preservative for preserving sweet cherries | |
| CN115152643B (en) | Preparation process of puffed cat litter from grains | |
| CN110150368A (en) | A kind of preservation method extending banana shelf life | |
| CN115777883A (en) | Production method of high-moisture cooked light dried small shrimps | |
| CN112831070B (en) | Preparation method of functional composite fruit and vegetable preservative film | |
| EP0165074B1 (en) | Absorbent polymer material and its preparation | |
| JPH0616841B2 (en) | Oxygen absorber | |
| CN111990458A (en) | Green antibacterial crisp-keeping type fresh-keeping packaging method for sugar-cored Fuji apples | |
| CN112544696B (en) | Preservative paper and method for delaying browning of banana peel | |
| CN112544694A (en) | Preservative paper for curing picked kiwi fruits and curing method of picked kiwi fruits | |
| CN109965346B (en) | Preparation method of large-particle solid aromatic beads for cigarette filter tip rod | |
| CN115491926B (en) | Grape preservative paper and preparation method and application thereof | |
| US6348231B1 (en) | Method for preparation of deodorized mushroom powder | |
| CN111887056B (en) | Sugar core promoting and insect pest preventing apple tree regulating agent and application | |
| CN1485253A (en) | Functional fresh-keeping packaging film (bag) | |
| CN117796442B (en) | Storage and fresh-keeping method for watermelon after picking | |
| WO2021189180A1 (en) | Preparation method for fruit and vegetable freshness-preservation material, freshness-preservation material and use of freshness-preservation material | |
| CN112972742B (en) | Environment-friendly plant composite extract for removing formaldehyde, decomposing peculiar smell and sterilizing and preparation thereof | |
| CN116019123A (en) | Preparation method of chlorine dioxide bactericide | |
| CN114343011A (en) | Method for prolonging storage period of mangoes | |
| SU1572996A1 (en) | Method of regeneration of zeolites used for deep drying of organic substances |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210309 |