CN112449475B - Linear induction accelerating cavity structure - Google Patents
Linear induction accelerating cavity structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112449475B CN112449475B CN202011422922.3A CN202011422922A CN112449475B CN 112449475 B CN112449475 B CN 112449475B CN 202011422922 A CN202011422922 A CN 202011422922A CN 112449475 B CN112449475 B CN 112449475B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H9/00—Linear accelerators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/02—Constructional details
Abstract
The invention discloses a linear induction acceleration cavity structure which comprises a ferromagnetic chamber, wherein a magnetic core group is arranged in the ferromagnetic chamber and comprises a ferrite magnetic core and an amorphous magnetic core. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the transverse impedance is greatly reduced, and the transverse coupling impedance of the amorphous magnetic core induction cavity is reduced in a mode of increasing the radius of a beam pipeline like a conventional amorphous magnetic core induction cavity so as to meet the transportation requirement of a strong stream; the ferrite magnetic material approximates to the insulating material and separates the amorphous magnetic core from the high-voltage feed-in plate, so that the pressure resistance of the induction acceleration cavity of the amorphous magnetic core is greatly improved; the structure is compact and reliable, and the device can be used for short pulse, long pulse, multiple pulse and the like, and more volt-seconds need to be provided; compared with the existing induction cavity, the magnetic core can be reduced in use, the acceleration gradient is improved, the length of the accelerator is reduced, the transmission of strong flow beams is facilitated, and meanwhile, the manufacturing cost of the accelerator is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-current linear induction accelerator, in particular to a linear induction acceleration cavity structure.
Background
Linear induction accelerators are a building block type structure of high current pulse accelerators developed in the 60 s of the 20 th century to produce high current pulsed charged particle beams. Taking an electron linear induction accelerator as an example, the current intensity of a pulse electron beam generated by the electron linear induction accelerator is in the order of a few kA, the energy is tens of MeV, and the pulse width is tens of ns to a few mu s.
The accelerating section of the linear induction accelerator is mainly formed by serially connecting a plurality of linear induction accelerating cavities (induction cavities for short). The inductive cavity is typically isolated by induction of a nonlinear magnetic core loaded in a ferromagnetic chamber of an annular stainless steel cavity, providing a time-varying field inside the vacuum acceleration gap while no potential is externally added. Wherein the product of the increase in the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic core and the cross-sectional area of the magnetic core (called volt-seconds) characterizes the ability of the induction chamber to generate an induction pulse of a certain amplitude and width.
The magnetic material in the sensing cavity of the linear induction accelerator is typically a ferrite or amorphous core. Since amorphous magnetic ribbon has a much larger increment of magnetic induction (about 3T) than ferrite (about 0.7T), with the rapid development of amorphous magnetic ribbon manufacturing technology, current linear induction accelerator induction chambers tend to use amorphous magnetic cores, especially in cases where long pulse, multi-pulse linear induction accelerators, etc. require the cores to provide more volts, such as the induction chamber of the long pulse (-2 μs) linear induction accelerator DARHT-II in the united states (fig. 1). Even if the encapsulation of amorphous magnetic strips is considered, the increment of the magnetic induction intensity of the amorphous magnetic ring as a finished product is more than 1.4T, and the price is substantially identical to that of ferrite of the same size, so that the use of an amorphous magnetic core is advantageous in greatly reducing the cross-sectional area of the induction cavity in terms of the capacity of the number of volts required to supply an induction voltage of a certain magnitude and width, as compared with the use of a ferrite core.
However, the existing amorphous magnetic core induction cavity suitable for engineering has two main weaknesses at present: firstly, the problem of high voltage withstand voltage; firstly, the beam pipe radius is greatly increased to meet the design requirement of transverse coupling impedance.
The amorphous magnetic material (also called metallic glass) used in the amorphous magnetic core induction cavity is a good conductor, the skin depth is only a fraction of a micron, and when in use, the amorphous magnetic core induction cavity is required to be made into a micron-sized thin strip, and is wrapped by an insulating material (or a coating) and wound into a ring shape. In addition to the interlayer insulation of all the amorphous cores and the insulation at the inner and outer diameters of the amorphous cores, the insulation of the amorphous cores at the high voltage feed-in is also important to consider. Because of the design defect that the amorphous magnetic cores of the amorphous induction cavities are too close to the high-voltage feed-in plate, large-area breakdown occurs in the high-voltage debugging of many amorphous magnetic core induction cavities originally designed in the United states of America DARHT-II. After a series of complex processes such as integral cutting, lengthening, packaging of The accelerating cavity are adopted to increase The distance between The high voltage feed plate and The amorphous magnetic core and use insulating spokes (reference 'Mechanical engineering upgrades to The DARHT-II induction cells', J. Barrazat, T. Ilg, K. Nielsen, et al., the 15th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference, 2005), DARHT-II is finally finished after seven years of delay. Insulating spokes also waste the DARHT-II sensing cavity ferromagnetic chamber space.
In addition, from the viewpoint of long-distance stable transmission of the strong current Beam, the structural design of the induction cavity needs to consider the problem of restraining Beam breakdown instability (BBU), and how to control the transverse coupling impedance of the acceleration cavity within a required range is a major consideration. The lateral coupling impedance is proportional to the gap width and inversely proportional to the square of the pipe radius. The amorphous magnetic material is similar to metal, and can strongly reflect electromagnetic waves, so that the transverse coupling impedance of the induction cavity of the amorphous magnetic core is higher, and in order to design the transverse coupling impedance of the induction cavity of the amorphous magnetic core to an acceptable degree, the radius of a beam pipeline of the induction cavity of the metal glass needs to be greatly increased, so that the inner and outer radiuses of the magnetic core need to be increased, and the reduction of the consumption and the cost of the magnetic core caused by the high magnetic induction intensity increment of the amorphous material is offset to some extent. For example, the DARHT-II long pulse linear induction accelerator in the United states has an acceleration gap width of an amorphous magnetic core induction cavity designed to be 25mm, the beam tube radius of the first 8 induction cavities after the induction cavity is designed to be 178mm, and the beam tube radius of the rest induction cavities reaches 127mm; in contrast, typical short pulse linear induction accelerators such as DARHT-I in the United states and AIRIX in France have ferrite induction cavities with acceleration gap widths of 19mm and beam tube radii of 74mm.
As described above, the conventional amorphous magnetic core induction cavity has great advantages in terms of providing sufficient number of volts for the magnetic core due to the high increment of magnetic induction intensity of the amorphous magnetic material, and can be used for both short pulses and long pulses, multiple pulses, etc. when more number of volts need to be provided, but the amorphous magnetic core induction cavity has problems of potential pressure hazards caused by the approach of the amorphous magnetic core to the high-voltage feed-in plate, problems of wasting space of the ferromagnetic chamber by insulating spokes, and problems of greatly increasing the use amount and cost of the magnetic core caused by increasing the beam pipeline radius to reduce the transverse coupling impedance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects of the prior art, and aims to provide a linear induction accelerating cavity structure which solves the problems of transverse coupling impedance and pressure resistance of an amorphous magnetic core induction cavity.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a linear induction acceleration cavity structure comprises a ferromagnetic chamber, wherein a magnetic core group is arranged in the ferromagnetic chamber and comprises a ferrite magnetic core and an amorphous magnetic core.
Further, the ferrite core is located between the amorphous core and the accelerating gap.
Further, the ferrite core is located between the amorphous core and the high voltage feed-in board forming the accelerating gap.
Further, the ferrite core is provided with one piece.
Further, the housing, shorting plate I, middle housing and high voltage feed plate form a ferromagnetic chamber.
Further, the device also comprises a coil chamber, and a coil group is arranged in the coil chamber.
Further, the coil group comprises a solenoid coil and a correction coil.
Further, the shorting plate I, the middle case, the inner case, and the high voltage feed plate form a coil chamber.
Further, the high voltage feed plate and the shorting plate II form an accelerating gap.
Further, an insulating ring is arranged in the accelerating gap.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the linear induction accelerating cavity structure, the ferrite magnetic material is used in the ferromagnetic chamber close to the high-voltage feed-in plate, and due to the wave absorption characteristic of the ferrite magnetic material, when the ferrite is placed on the surface of the amorphous magnetic core, the transverse impedance of the amorphous magnetic core is greatly reduced, and the transverse coupling impedance of the amorphous magnetic core induction cavity is reduced in a mode of increasing the radius of a beam pipeline like a conventional amorphous magnetic core induction cavity so as to meet the transportation requirement of a strong stream. Compared with the existing amorphous magnetic core induction cavity, the induction cavity disclosed by the invention is more compact in structure.
2. The invention relates to a linear induction accelerating cavity structure, which is mainly characterized in that the number of volt seconds required for supporting pulse voltage with certain amplitude and pulse width is mainly provided by an amorphous magnetic core in a ferromagnetic chamber, and a ferrite magnetic material is used in the ferromagnetic chamber near a high-voltage feed-in plate. Compared with the existing amorphous magnetic core induction cavity, the induction cavity structure has stronger pressure resistance and more reliable operation.
3. The linear induction accelerating cavity structure provided by the invention has the advantages that the added ferrite magnetic material additionally provides the volt-seconds of the accelerating cavity, and meanwhile, the induction cavity structure is compact and reliable, and can be used for short pulse, long pulse, multiple pulses and other situations requiring to provide more volt-seconds. Compared with the existing induction cavity, the magnetic core can be reduced in use, the acceleration gradient is improved, the length of the accelerator is reduced, the transmission of strong flow beams is facilitated, and meanwhile, the manufacturing cost of the accelerator is greatly reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an induction cavity structure of an amorphous magnetic core.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
In the drawings, the reference numerals and corresponding part names: 1-insulating spokes, 2-ferrite cores, 3-amorphous cores, 4-outer shell, 5-short circuit disc I, 6-middle shell, 7-coil group, 8-inner shell, 9-high voltage feed-in board, 10-insulating ring, 11-short circuit disc II.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 2, the linear induction acceleration cavity structure comprises an outer shell 4 of magnetic tiny cylindrical stainless steel, an annular short-circuit disc I5, a cylindrical middle shell 6, a cylindrical inner shell 8, an annular high-voltage feed-in plate 9, an annular insulating ring 10 and an annular short-circuit disc II 11.
The outer housing 4, a part of the short-circuit plate I5, the middle housing 6 and a part of the high-voltage feed-in plate 9 form a ferromagnetic chamber, a part of the short-circuit plate I5, the middle housing 6, the inner housing 8 and a part of the high-voltage feed-in plate 9 form a coil chamber, and the high-voltage feed-in plate 9 and the short-circuit plate II11 form an accelerating gap.
A magnetic core group is arranged in the ferromagnetic chamber, and comprises a ferrite magnetic core 2 and an amorphous magnetic core 3. The ferrite core 2 is provided with a piece, and the ferrite core 2 is arranged between the amorphous magnetic core 3 and the high-voltage feed-in plate 9, and is used for absorbing waves and improving the pressure resistance of the induction cavity, and can provide a certain number of volt seconds. The number of amorphous cores may be determined based on the number of volts seconds required.
The coil room is equipped with the coil group, and the coil group includes solenoid coil and correction coil. An insulating ring 10 is provided in the accelerating gap for supporting an accelerating voltage applied therebetween and separating transformer oil in the ferromagnetic chamber region from a vacuum region of the accelerating tube.
In one embodiment, the linear induction acceleration chamber for the delivery of the intense stream is structured as follows: the lateral coupling impedance measurements were made with different cores using the same structure of the induction cavity, except for the different cores used in the ferromagnetic chamber. The ferrite core is a domestic NZ ferrite core, the outer diameter is 508mm, the inner diameter is 254mm, the thickness is 25mm, bs is more than or equal to 0.38T, and Br is more than or equal to 0.29T; the amorphous magnetic core is a domestic rapid pulse large-size amorphous magnetic core, the packaging outer diameter is 497mm, the inner diameter is 266mm, and the thickness is 27mm. When all domestic NZ ferrite cores are used, the frequency corresponding to the TM110 mode is 450MHz, and the transverse coupling impedance is 99.3 ohm/m; when all domestic fast pulse large-size amorphous magnetic cores with corresponding sizes are used, the frequency corresponding to the TM110 mode is 539MHz, and the transverse coupling impedance is 175 Ω/m; when the magnetic core combination of the amorphous magnetic core and the 1-block ferrite is used, the frequency corresponding to the TM110 mode is 437MHz, and the transverse coupling impedance is 108 omega/m. Compared with the case of using the ferrite core, the transverse coupling impedance of the induction cavity is 76% greater when using the amorphous core; the transverse coupling impedance of the induction cavity is only 8% greater than that of the core combination of the amorphous core and the 1 ferrite when the ferrite core is used in total, and is basically the same as that of the case of using the ferrite core in total, and the ferrite core has a very excellent wave absorbing effect in the core combination of the amorphous core and the 1 ferrite.
In another embodiment, the same structure of induction chamber is used except for the different magnetic cores used in the ferromagnetic chamber, and the high voltage test is performed under different conditions. The ferrite core is a domestic NZ ferrite core, the outer diameter is 508mm, the inner diameter is 254mm, the thickness is 25mm, bs is more than or equal to 0.4T, and Br is more than or equal to 0.3T; the amorphous magnetic core is a domestic rapid pulse large-size amorphous magnetic core, the packaging outer diameter is 497mm, the inner diameter is 266mm, and the thickness is 27mm. Under the two conditions of using 11 domestic NZ ferrites and using 6 amorphous magnetic cores and 1 ferrite, high-voltage square wave pulse of 250kV is obtained, the voltage-seconds and the voltage-resistant capacity of the amorphous magnetic cores meet the requirements, and the insulating spokes 1 do not need to be provided for high-voltage protection. In addition, the high-voltage saturation experiment of the magnetic core proves that the number of volt-seconds which can be provided by 1 amorphous magnetic core after encapsulation is approximately equal to the number of volt-seconds which can be provided by 2 ferrite magnetic cores, and the increased ferrite magnetic cores are opposite to insulating spokes, so that the number of volt-seconds can be provided for an acceleration cavity, the consumption of the magnetic core is further reduced, and the integral structure of the acceleration cavity is reduced.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A linear induction acceleration cavity structure comprises a cylindrical outer shell (4), an annular short-circuit disc I (5), a cylindrical middle shell (6), a cylindrical inner shell (8), an annular high-voltage feed-in plate (9), an annular insulating ring (10) and an annular short-circuit disc II (11); the outer shell (4), a part of the short-circuit disc I (5), the middle shell (6) and a part of the high-voltage feed-in plate (9) form a ferromagnetic chamber, a part of the short-circuit disc I (5), the middle shell (6), the inner shell (8) and a part of the high-voltage feed-in plate (9) form a coil chamber, and the high-voltage feed-in plate (9) and the short-circuit disc II (11) form an accelerating gap; the ferromagnetic chamber is provided with a magnetic core group, and is characterized in that: the magnetic core group comprises a ferrite magnetic core (2) and an amorphous magnetic core (3); the ferrite core (2) is positioned between the amorphous magnetic core (3) and the high-voltage feed-in plate (9) forming an accelerating gap.
2. The linear induction acceleration chamber structure of claim 1, characterized in that: the ferrite core (2) is provided with one block.
3. The linear induction acceleration chamber structure of claim 1, characterized in that: and a coil group is arranged in the coil chamber.
4. A linear induction acceleration chamber structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the coil set includes a solenoid coil and a correction coil.
5. The linear induction acceleration chamber structure of claim 1, characterized in that: an insulating ring (10) is arranged in the accelerating gap.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011422922.3A CN112449475B (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Linear induction accelerating cavity structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011422922.3A CN112449475B (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Linear induction accelerating cavity structure |
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| CN112449475A CN112449475A (en) | 2021-03-05 |
| CN112449475B true CN112449475B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5122662A (en) * | 1990-10-16 | 1992-06-16 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Circular induction accelerator for borehole logging |
| RU2198485C1 (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2003-02-10 | Сумский Государственный Университет | Induction-type multichannel linear charge- particle accelerator |
| JP4534005B2 (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2010-09-01 | 独立行政法人放射線医学総合研究所 | High frequency acceleration cavity and equipment |
| JP4485437B2 (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2010-06-23 | 三菱電機株式会社 | High-frequency accelerating cavity and circular accelerator |
| US7638957B2 (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-12-29 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Single drive betatron |
| US7994739B2 (en) * | 2008-12-14 | 2011-08-09 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Internal injection betatron |
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