CN112449275A - Directional audio system based on flexible membrane - Google Patents
Directional audio system based on flexible membrane Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112449275A CN112449275A CN201910826223.6A CN201910826223A CN112449275A CN 112449275 A CN112449275 A CN 112449275A CN 201910826223 A CN201910826223 A CN 201910826223A CN 112449275 A CN112449275 A CN 112449275A
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- frequency
- flexible film
- filtering
- module
- audio system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/323—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only for loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
- H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2207/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers or their suspension covered by H04R7/00 but not provided for in H04R7/00 or in H04R2307/00
- H04R2207/021—Diaphragm extensions, not necessarily integrally formed, e.g. skirts, rims, flanges
Abstract
The present invention provides a directional audio system based on a flexible membrane, comprising: an analog-to-digital converter for converting the sound signal into an electrical signal; the filtering and amplifying module is used for amplifying the electric signals and filtering impurity signals in the electric signals; the processing module is connected with the filtering and amplifying module and is used for filtering the electric signals with impurities removed according to low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency and fusing the filtered electric signals into a single signal; the filtering module is used for filtering high-frequency components in the single signal; a polarization module providing a high voltage at which the polarized flexible film is polarized; the driving module is used for coupling and modulating the high-voltage and high-frequency-filtered single signal into an ultrasonic carrier signal, and the high-voltage ultrasonic carrier signal is used for promoting the polarized flexible membrane to directionally sound through high-frequency vibration. The invention realizes directional sound transmission, ensures the privacy and the safety of the transmitted sound, adopts the transducer consisting of the polarized flexible film, has small distortion and high reduction degree, and is more beneficial to sound transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of directional sound production, in particular to a directional audio system based on a flexible film.
Background
Directional sound technology is an innovative audio solution that provides an efficient way of sound propagation without the need for large speaker arrays, but also allows highly directional projection of sound to a specific area, creating a specific audio space. According to the acoustic theory, the sound wave that can be heard by human ears belongs to low-frequency sound wave, the sound spreads in all directions, while the ultrasonic wave has directional propagation characteristic, and the high-frequency signal with frequency more than 20KHz has directivity in the transmission process. The sound is made to propagate in a narrow-band sound beam in a given direction, i.e. a "column" is sent, similar to the column emitted by a searchlight, so that only the person in the direction covered by the column can hear the sound, i.e. the sound is made to propagate in a certain direction.
However, the existing directional audio system adopts an array type ultrasonic transducer to modulate a plurality of units in the array to make the units generate sound, and the sound is modulated to the same frequency or similar frequencies, and each unit in the array has frequency errors, so that the sound is easy to distort; meanwhile, since the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave is much smaller than that of the sound source, a large number of array units are required to obtain a large sound pressure output and high directivity, which is not favorable for the modulation of the sound source frequency.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a directional audio system based on a flexible film for solving the problem that sound is easily distorted due to modulation when the directional audio system in the prior art generates sound by ultrasound.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a directional audio system based on a flexible film, comprising:
an analog-to-digital converter for converting the sound signal into an electrical signal;
the filtering and amplifying module is connected with the analog-to-digital converter and used for amplifying the electric signals and filtering impurity signals in the electric signals;
the processing module is connected with the filtering and amplifying module and is used for filtering the electric signals with impurities removed according to low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency and fusing the filtered electric signals into a single signal;
the filtering module is connected with the processing module and is used for filtering high-frequency components in the single signal;
a polarization module providing a high voltage at which the polarized flexible film is polarized;
the driving module is connected with the filtering module and the polarization module, acts on the polarization flexible membrane, and is used for coupling and modulating the high-voltage and high-frequency filtered single signal into an ultrasonic carrier signal, and the ultrasonic carrier signal with the high voltage enables the polarization flexible membrane to directionally sound through high-frequency vibration.
As described above, the flexible film based directional audio system of the present invention has the following advantageous effects:
the invention realizes directional sound transmission, ensures the privacy and safety of the transmitted sound, and avoids sound pollution to the surrounding environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flexible film based directional audio system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a complete structure of a directional audio system based on a flexible film according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible film according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a flexible film compaction configuration provided for embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a metal plate embedded in a top plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a flexible film is embedded in a top plate according to an embodiment of the invention
Description of the element reference numerals
1 Flexible film
2 base
3 Top board
4 Metal plate
5 Metal sheet
11 Flexible substrate
12 conductive polarization film
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that describe several embodiments of the application. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that mechanical, structural, electrical, and operational changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. The following detailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of embodiments of the present application is defined only by the claims of the issued patent. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. Spatially relative terms, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "lower," "below," "lower," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein to facilitate describing one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures.
Although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements in some instances, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, the first steering oscillation may be referred to as a second steering oscillation, and similarly, the second steering oscillation may be referred to as a first steering oscillation, without departing from the scope of the various described embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a structure diagram of a directional audio system based on a flexible film; the details are as follows:
an analog-to-digital converter for converting the sound signal into an electrical signal;
the analog-to-digital converter converts collected or input sound signals into electric signals, so that the digital signals can be conveniently processed subsequently, and the sampling frequency can be freely set according to the requirements of users.
The filtering and amplifying module is connected with the analog-to-digital converter and used for amplifying the electric signals and filtering impurity signals in the electric signals;
the electric signal is amplified by the filtering amplification module so as to filter impurity signals in the electric signal because the amplitude of the electric signal is small;
the processing module is connected with the filtering and amplifying module and is used for filtering the electric signals with impurities removed according to low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency and fusing the filtered electric signals into a single signal; for example, the single signal may be a sine wave signal or the like.
The processing module is any one of chips such as a singlechip, a DSP (digital signal processor), an FPGA (field programmable gate array) and the like.
Specifically, the processing module includes a low-frequency filter composed of a first frequency and a second frequency, an intermediate-frequency filter composed of the second frequency and a third frequency, and a high-frequency filter larger than the third frequency, and extracts the electric signals of the filter impurities respectively according to the low-frequency filter, the intermediate-frequency filter, and the high-frequency filter, and fuses the extracted electric signals into a single signal. The low-frequency filtering adopts intermediate-frequency simulation fitting to the extracted electric signals, the intermediate-frequency filtering adopts five frequency bands to adjust the amplitude of the extracted intermediate-frequency signals, and the high-frequency filtering attenuates the extracted high-frequency signals until the extracted high-frequency signals reach a preset decibel.
The low-frequency filtering can eliminate high-frequency resonance caused by noise interference, and the high-frequency filtering can filter low-frequency or direct-current components; and the sound collected by the low-frequency filtering is resampled by the intermediate-frequency signal to simulate fitting, so that the sound is transplanted to the intermediate-frequency part. In addition, the transplanted intermediate-frequency low-frequency signal, the intermediate-frequency signal and the high-frequency signal are fused into a single signal, so that the problem of poor reduction degree (sound breaking and unclear) of low-frequency sound after ultrasonic transmission is avoided, meanwhile, the problem of sound change of the intermediate-frequency sound during ultrasonic transmission is also solved, and the sound reduction degree of the ultrasonic transmission is obviously improved.
The filtering module is connected with the processing module and is used for filtering the high-frequency component of the single signal;
the low-pass filter of RC can be adopted, and the digital filter filters the high-frequency component of the single signal so as to reduce the fluctuation interference in the acoustic signal.
A polarization module providing a high voltage at which the polarized flexible film is polarized;
the high voltage is 200-300V, the value of the high voltage is automatically adjusted according to the volume, and the high voltage is boosted by direct current, so that the high voltage is safe and reliable and is harmless to human bodies.
The driving module is connected with the filtering module and the polarization module, acts on the polarization flexible membrane, and is used for coupling and modulating the high-voltage and high-frequency filtered single signal into an ultrasonic carrier signal, and the ultrasonic carrier signal with the high voltage enables the polarization flexible membrane to directionally sound through high-frequency vibration.
In the embodiment, ultrasonic waves are adopted as carrier waves, the ultrasonic waves are modulated by a single signal through an electronic amplitude modulation technology, the signals can be modulated onto ultrasonic carrier signals in a sound mode, amplitude modulated waves are emitted through a transducer formed by a polarized flexible film, in the process that the ultrasonic waves with different frequencies are transmitted in the air, due to the nonlinear acoustic effect of the air, the signals can generate sound interaction and self-demodulation, new waves with the frequencies of the sum frequency and the difference frequency of the original ultrasonic waves are further generated, if the ultrasonic waves are selected properly, the ultrasonic waves with the difference frequency can fall in an audible sound domain, and due to the fact that the ultrasonic waves have high directivity, the difference frequency waves generated by the interaction in the transmission process also have high directivity, and therefore directional transmission of the sound signals, namely directional sound emission, is achieved.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a complete structure of a directional audio system based on a flexible film according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes, based on the foregoing embodiment:
and the human-computer interaction module is connected with the processor and used for adjusting corresponding filtering parameters by utilizing the processor according to external input.
In this embodiment, the external input control is realized through the human-computer interaction module, for example, setting and adjusting various filtering parameters in the audio system, such as a filtering module, a filtering and amplifying module, a low frequency, an intermediate frequency, a high frequency, and the like.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of a flexible film according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, including:
at least one flexible substrate 11, and conductive polarization films 12 compounded on two sides of the flexible substrate 11; wherein, the flexible substrate 11 is a piezoelectric flexible film.
In this embodiment, the piezoelectric flexible film is at least one of a polyvinylidene chloride film (PVDF) and a zinc oxide piezoelectric film. For example, the piezoelectric flexible film made of the polyvinylidene chloride film has high chemical stability, low hygroscopicity, high thermal stability, high ultraviolet radiation resistance, high impact resistance and fatigue resistance, the chemical stability of the piezoelectric flexible film is 10 times higher than that of ceramic, the acoustic impedance of the piezoelectric flexible film is close to that of water, the matching state is good, and the application sensitivity is high; the PVDF piezoelectric film has high resonant frequency of stretching vibration in the thickness direction, can obtain wider flat response, and has frequency response width superior to that of a common piezoelectric ceramic transducer. In addition, the material is a zinc oxide piezoelectric film which has excellent piezoelectric, photoelectric, gas-sensitive and pressure-sensitive properties, and a high-quality monocrystal or polycrystal ZnO film with preferred c-axis orientation has excellent piezoelectric properties, so that the zinc oxide piezoelectric film can be used for preparing piezoelectric converters such as high-frequency fiber acousto-optic devices, ultrasonic and acousto-optic modulators and the like.
In another embodiment, the flexible film includes two piezoelectric flexible films and three conductive polarization films, which are arranged in a crossing manner, and the flexible film adopting the above structure can also include three layers or four layers, which is not further limited herein.
In another embodiment, the thickness ratio of the piezoelectric flexible film to the conductive polarization film ranges from 1 to 3, and the piezoelectric flexible film can be ensured to stretch after the conductive polarization film is subjected to high-voltage electric polarization by adopting the thickness ratio; on the other hand, on the premise of ensuring the above, the reduction of the thickness of the conductive polarized film does not influence the vibration sound production of the flexible film, and the use amount of the thickness of the conductive polarized film can be reduced.
Referring to fig. 4, a structural block diagram of a transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, including:
the flexible film 1 and a piezoelectric structure clamping the flexible film; the piezoelectric structure comprises a substrate 2, a top plate 3 and a pressing piece, wherein the substrate and the top plate are matched and fixed (in the figure, screws are adopted, the like are adopted, and the like), the flexible film is embedded between the substrate 2 and the top plate 3, and electrodes (not shown in the figure) correspondingly connected with each conductive polarization film of the flexible film 1 are embedded on a frame of the top plate 3; the pressing piece is matched with the top plate 3 and is placed on the surface of the flexible membrane 1.
The material of the substrate 2 is not limited, and the substrate may be made of metal or nonmetal, and the flexible film is fixed by matching with the top plate.
In this embodiment, the flexible film is divided into a plurality of regions by the frame of the top plate, and a pressing member is provided in each region corresponding to the flexible film, and the flexible film is divided into a plurality of regions to realize distribution and pressing, specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the flexible film is divided into two regions by the top plate, which facilitates the assembly and installation of the ultrasonic transducer, and when the flexible film corresponding to the plurality of layers of flexible substrates is used, the flexible film is prevented from cracking due to the fixing structure, and the sound can be positively superimposed without being offset.
In another embodiment, the pressing member comprises a metal plate 4 and a metal sheet 5, the metal plate is embedded in the top plate frame and tightly attached to the flexible membrane to form a compacted structure, and two ends of the metal sheet are placed in corresponding grooves of the top plate frame and pressed in the metal plate, as shown in fig. 5, wherein one side of the metal plate contacting the flexible membrane is serrated.
In another embodiment, the metal plate 4 is an aluminum plate, wherein the aluminum plate is serrated on the side contacting the flexible membrane, and the flexible membrane can be limited in the front-back expansion distance by the serrations, thereby playing a role of protection, as shown in fig. 6, the metal plate is embedded in the top plate on the side with the serrations.
In another embodiment, the metal sheet 5 is a copper sheet, and the copper sheet can enable an aluminum sheet to be completely pressed on the surface of the flexible film.
In the embodiment, because the flexible membrane is adopted to perform ultrasonic sound production by polarization electrification, compared with a matrix ultrasonic transducer, the frequency of the flexible membrane is easier to modulate, and the reduction degree of sound is higher.
In this embodiment, the flexible membrane inlay in between basement and the roof, just basement and roof are supporting fixed, through compressing tightly a supporting and placing in with the roof flexible membrane is surperficial, can be under the flexible membrane high pressure drive situation, through the flexible membrane both sides lead electric polarization membrane circular telegram impel piezoelectricity flexible membrane flexible, change its and compress tightly the depression degree between the piece internal gap to produce the sound wave, simultaneously, the roof will the flexible membrane is cut apart into a plurality of regions and is adopted respectively to compress tightly a cooperation, on the one hand, the transducer structure of being convenient for equipment, and on the other hand has restricted flexible membrane vibration amplitude, makes it be difficult for the shatter, thereby has prolonged the life-span of transducer.
In conclusion, the invention realizes directional sound transmission, ensures the privacy and safety of transmitted sound, and avoids sound pollution to the surrounding environment. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A flexible film based directional audio system, comprising:
an analog-to-digital converter for converting the sound signal into an electrical signal;
the filtering and amplifying module is connected with the analog-to-digital converter and used for amplifying the electric signals and filtering impurity signals in the electric signals;
the processing module is connected with the filtering and amplifying module and is used for filtering the electric signals with impurities removed according to low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency and fusing the filtered electric signals into a single signal;
the filtering module is connected with the processing module and is used for filtering high-frequency components in the single signal;
a polarization module providing a high voltage at which the polarized flexible film is polarized;
and the driving module is connected with the filtering module and acts on the polarization module, and is used for coupling and modulating the high-voltage and high-frequency filtered single signal into an ultrasonic carrier signal, and the ultrasonic carrier signal with the high voltage enables the polarized flexible membrane to directionally sound through high-frequency vibration.
2. The flexible film-based directional audio system according to claim 1, wherein the processing module comprises a low frequency filter composed of a first frequency and a second frequency, an intermediate frequency filter composed of a second frequency and a third frequency, and a high frequency filter greater than the third frequency, the electrical signals of the filtering impurities are extracted separately according to the low frequency filter, the intermediate frequency filter, and the high frequency filter, and the extracted electrical signals are merged into a single signal.
3. The flexible film-based directional audio system of claim 2, wherein the low frequency filtering employs a mid-frequency analog fit to the extracted electrical signal, the mid-frequency filtering employs five frequency bins for amplitude modulation to the extracted mid-frequency signal, and the high frequency filtering attenuates the extracted high frequency signal until a predetermined decibel.
4. The flexible film-based directional audio system according to claim 1, wherein the polarized flexible film comprises at least a piezoelectric flexible film, and conductive polarized films compounded on both sides of the flexible substrate.
5. The flexible film-based directional audio system of claim 4, wherein the piezoelectric flexible film is at least one of a polyvinylidene chloride film, a zinc oxide piezoelectric film.
6. The flexible film-based directional audio system according to claim 1, wherein the transducer formed by the polarized flexible film has a shape of any one of a square, a circle, an elliptic curve, a hemispherical curve, and a cylindrical curve.
7. The flexible film-based directional audio system of claim 6, wherein the flexible film is coupled to a piezoelectric structure that clamps the flexible film; the piezoelectric structure comprises a substrate, a top plate and a pressing piece, the substrate and the top plate are matched and fixed, the flexible film is embedded between the substrate and the top plate, and electrodes correspondingly connected with the conductive polarization films of the flexible film are embedded on a frame of the top plate; the pressing piece is matched with the top plate and is placed on the surface of the flexible film.
8. The flexible film-based directional audio system of claim 7, wherein the flexible film is divided into a plurality of regions by a frame of the top plate, and wherein a pressing member is provided in association with each region of the flexible film.
9. The flexible film-based directional audio system of claim 1, further comprising a human-computer interaction module coupled to the processor for adjusting corresponding filtering parameters with the processor based on an external input.
10. The flexible film based directional audio system of claim 1, wherein the high voltage generated by the polarization module is 200-300V.
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| CN201910826223.6A CN112449275B (en) | 2019-09-03 | 2019-09-03 | Directional audio system based on flexible membrane |
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Effective date of registration: 20220824 Address after: Room 6-39, 6th Floor, Building 6, Phase 3, R&D Building, Building 2, No. 36, Xiyong Avenue, High-tech Zone, Shapingba District, Chongqing 401332 Patentee after: CHONGQING QINGWEN TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room b210, standard workshop auxiliary room, Jinyang science and Technology Industrial Park, Guiyang National High tech Industrial Development Zone, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province Patentee before: Guiyang qingwenyun Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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