CN112447163B - Noise reduction method and acoustic noise elimination structure in vehicle cab - Google Patents

Noise reduction method and acoustic noise elimination structure in vehicle cab Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112447163B
CN112447163B CN201910808243.0A CN201910808243A CN112447163B CN 112447163 B CN112447163 B CN 112447163B CN 201910808243 A CN201910808243 A CN 201910808243A CN 112447163 B CN112447163 B CN 112447163B
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noise
sound
target
layer
transfer
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CN112447163A (en
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赵永吉
孙亚轩
严竹芳
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17861—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices using additional means for damping sound, e.g. using sound absorbing panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/061—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B25/042—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B25/045—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17813—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17873—General system configurations using a reference signal without an error signal, e.g. pure feedforward
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • B60R2013/0287—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners integrating other functions or accessories
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/128—Vehicles
    • G10K2210/1282—Automobiles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a noise reduction method and an acoustic noise elimination structure in a vehicle cab, wherein the noise reduction method in the vehicle cab comprises the following steps: collecting noise data corresponding to a noise source point, a noise test point and a noise transfer point corresponding to a driving state; performing frequency spectrum conversion on the noise data to obtain a frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data; based on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data, carrying out path transfer analysis on the noise data, and determining a target transfer path; determining an acoustic silencing structure according to the target transmission path; and carrying out acoustic wrapping on the target sound source point corresponding to the target transmission path by adopting the acoustic silencing structure, so as to realize noise reduction. The method can control from the noise transmission path, block noise transmission and realize noise reduction.

Description

Noise reduction method and acoustic noise elimination structure in vehicle cab
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile acoustic packaging, in particular to a noise reduction method in a vehicle cab and an acoustic noise elimination structure.
Background
With the improvement of living conditions, the requirements of drivers, passengers and other drivers on the driving experience are higher and higher, and the requirements on the indoor noise level of the vehicle are higher and higher. In the current vehicle interior noise formation process, noise emitted from a noise source point (i.e., a noise source) on a vehicle is transmitted to a vehicle interior through a noise transmission point (i.e., a noise transmission medium) so that a driver and passengers hear the corresponding noise. Because the number of the noise source points is multiple, and the number of the noise transfer points is also multiple, the noise emitted by the noise source points is transferred into the vehicle room through different noise transfer paths, and the current noise reduction mode in the vehicle cab mainly comprises the steps of firstly determining an acoustic package structure, then manufacturing an acoustic package according to the determined acoustic package structure, and wrapping a vehicle noise source so as to realize noise reduction. However, for determining the transmission path, complicated test analysis work of the noise transmission path and the noise source is required, the workload is large, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a noise reduction method in a vehicle cab, which aims to solve the problems of more complicated noise transmission path and noise source test analysis work, larger workload and cost consumption in the conventional determination of an acoustic package structure.
A method of noise reduction in a vehicle cab, comprising:
collecting noise data corresponding to a noise source point, a noise test point and a noise transfer point corresponding to a driving state;
Performing Fourier transform processing on the noise data to obtain a frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data;
based on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data, carrying out path transfer analysis on the noise data, and determining a target transfer path;
Determining an acoustic silencing structure according to the target transmission path;
And carrying out acoustic wrapping on the noise transfer points corresponding to the target transfer paths by adopting the acoustic silencing structure, so as to realize noise reduction.
The first sound elimination structure comprises a heat insulation layer arranged on the opposite surface of the noise source point, a sound absorption layer tightly combined with the heat insulation layer and a sound insulation layer tightly combined with the sound absorption layer.
In the noise reduction method and the acoustic noise elimination structure in the vehicle cab, the noise source point, the noise test point and the noise data corresponding to the noise transfer point corresponding to the driving state are collected, and then the noise data is subjected to frequency spectrum conversion so as to convert the noise data in the time domain into the frequency domain, so that the corresponding frequency spectrum is obtained, and the energy distribution of noise is analyzed. Then, based on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data, path transfer analysis is carried out on the noise data, and a target transfer path is determined, so that the correlation of the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data is analyzed, complex test and calculation are not needed, the workload is reduced, and meanwhile, the development cost is reduced. And determining an acoustic silencing structure according to the target transmission path, and acoustically wrapping a noise transmission point corresponding to the target transmission path by adopting the acoustic silencing structure so as to control the noise transmission path, prevent noise transmission and realize noise reduction.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an application environment of a method for noise reduction in a vehicle cab according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing step S30 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing step S32 in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing step S321 in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a specific flowchart of step S50 in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided a method for reducing noise in a vehicle cab, including the steps of:
s10: and collecting noise data corresponding to the noise source point, the noise test point and the noise transfer point corresponding to the driving state.
The noise source point refers to a vehicle noise source, and the vehicle noise source includes but is not limited to noise sources such as an engine, a hub, a motor controller, a transmission and the like. The noise test point refers to a noise receiving point in a vehicle room, and the noise test point includes, but is not limited to, positions of a right ear of a main driver, a secondary driver and the like, and the vehicle room refers to a cab of the vehicle. The noise transmission points are structures for transmitting noise through vibration in the vehicle interior, and include noise transmission points corresponding to an indoor ceiling, noise transmission points corresponding to an indoor floor, noise transmission points corresponding to an indoor door, noise transmission points corresponding to an indoor rear wall, and the like. The noise data refers to noise signal data collected by the sensor.
Specifically, noise data transmitted by noise in an air medium is obtained by arranging sound sensors at noise source points and noise test points, respectively, and noise data transmitted by noise in a solid medium is obtained by arranging vibration signal sensors at noise transmission points. When the vibration signal sensors are arranged, a plurality of vibration signal sensors may be arranged in different areas of the noise transmission points, for example, when the vibration signal sensors are arranged on the indoor floor, the vibration signal sensors may be arranged in a driving area, an operation area, a middle position of front and rear seats, or the like, so that the accuracy of the subsequent noise path transmission analysis is improved by arranging the plurality of vibration signal sensors on a plurality of noise transmission points in the vehicle. Because the noise source point and the noise test point are provided with the sound sensor, the collected noise data are sound signal data; since the noise transfer points are provided with vibration signal sensors, the noise data collected by the vibration signal sensors are vibration signal data.
S20: and performing frequency spectrum conversion on the noise data to obtain a frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data.
Because the noise data collected by the sensor is expressed in a time domain form, and the characteristics of the signal are generally difficult to be seen by the transformation of the signal in the time domain, the collected noise data needs to be converted into energy distribution in the frequency domain for analysis, and different energy distribution represents the characteristics of different sounds.
In this embodiment, the spectral transformation of the noise data may be performed by fourier transform processing or fast fourier transform processing, so as to obtain a spectrum corresponding to the noise data, so as to analyze acoustic features according to the spectrum analysis. Because the collected noise data includes the sound signal data corresponding to the noise source point, the sound signal data corresponding to the noise test point, and the vibration signal data corresponding to the noise transfer point, the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data obtained in step S20 includes the sound signal frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise source point, the sound signal frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise test point, and the vibration signal frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise transfer point.
S30: and carrying out path transfer analysis on the noise data based on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data, and determining a target transfer path.
The current noise reduction methods mainly include the following three methods: control at the noise source, control during delivery, and take protective action at the receiver. In this embodiment, noise reduction is mainly achieved by controlling the transmission process, that is, by determining a noise transmission path in advance, so as to control the transmission path from the noise transmission path, and by designing an acoustic noise elimination structure to block noise transmission of a noise source.
In this embodiment, path transfer analysis is performed on noise data based on a frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data, that is, according to a sound signal frequency spectrum corresponding to a noise source point, a sound signal frequency spectrum corresponding to a noise test point, and a vibration signal frequency spectrum corresponding to a noise transfer point, path transfer analysis is performed on the noise data, and a main noise transfer path is determined, where the main noise transfer path is a target transfer path, so as to control from the noise transfer path, block noise transfer, implement noise reduction, and improve noise reduction effect. Since the target transfer path is a main noise transfer path, a noise source point corresponding to the target transfer path can be determined as a target source point, and a noise transfer point corresponding to the target transfer path can be determined as a target transfer point.
S40: an acoustic muffling structure is determined from the target transfer path.
The acoustic silencing structure comprises a first silencing structure and a second silencing structure. The first silencing structure is an acoustic package structure designed according to the noise source characteristics of the target sound source point. The second sound attenuation structure is an acoustic packet structure designed according to the noise characteristics of the target transmission point. Specifically, the target sound source points and the target transfer points corresponding to different target transfer paths are different, and the corresponding acoustic silencing structures are different, so that the acoustic silencing structures are required to be determined according to the noise source characteristics corresponding to the target transfer paths.
For example, if the target sound source point corresponding to the target transmission path is an engine, the engine is semi-wrapped due to the large volume and the complex structure of the engine, and more heat is generated when the engine is running, so that the acoustic silencing structure is designed to achieve the heat insulation effect and the noise reduction effect.
Because the prior engine is acoustically wrapped, an aluminum foil and a chemical crosslinking polyethylene foaming material are generally adopted as an acoustic noise elimination structure, the acoustic noise elimination structure has defects in acoustic noise reduction, namely, the main function of the acoustic noise elimination structure is heat insulation, and the noise reduction effect is poor; therefore, a corresponding acoustic silencing structure is designed according to the noise source characteristic corresponding to the target sound source point of the engine, and the acoustic silencing structure can achieve the heat insulation effect and the noise reduction effect.
S50: and the acoustic silencing structure is adopted to acoustically wrap the noise transfer points corresponding to the target transfer path, so that noise reduction is realized.
In this embodiment, an acoustic silencing structure is used to acoustically encapsulate the noise transfer point corresponding to the target transfer path, so that the noise transfer point corresponding to the main transfer path is acoustically encapsulated to control the noise transfer path, block noise transfer, achieve the purpose of noise reduction, and improve the noise reduction effect.
Further, the noise transfer points may be all noise transfer points or target transfer points corresponding to the target transfer path. When the acoustic silencing structure is adopted to acoustically wrap the noise transmission points, the target sound source points and the target transmission points corresponding to the target transmission paths can be acoustically wrapped, so that the purpose of noise reduction is achieved, and the cost of acoustic wrapping is reduced; and the target sound source points and all the noise transmission points corresponding to the target transmission paths can be acoustically wrapped, so that the overall noise in the vehicle room is effectively reduced.
For example, since the power system inside the truck is a main noise source, namely a target sound source point, and the engine of the truck is large in size and complex in structure, the traditional acoustic bag is difficult to fully wrap the target sound source point, so that the target sound source point needs to be semi-wrapped, and the target sound source point is not fully wrapped, and the semi-wrapping mode still has larger noise; therefore, only the target transfer points corresponding to the target transfer paths are acoustically wrapped, and the noise reduction effect is poor, so that the scheme of half-wrapping of noise sources and full-wrapping of the noise transfer points in the vehicle room can be adopted, and the noise reduction effect is better. In one embodiment, when the noise transmission points in the vehicle room are fully wrapped, the material of the noise transmission points corresponding to the target transmission paths can be thickened, and other noise transmission points can be properly reduced in thickness, so that the cost is reduced.
In this embodiment, by collecting noise source points corresponding to the driving state, noise test points, and noise data corresponding to the noise transfer points, then performing spectrum conversion on the noise data to convert the noise data in the time domain into the frequency domain, so as to obtain a corresponding spectrum, so as to analyze the energy distribution of the noise. Then, based on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data, path transfer analysis is carried out on the noise data, a target transfer path is determined, complex testing and calculation are not needed, the workload is reduced, and meanwhile, the development cost is reduced. And determining an acoustic silencing structure according to the target transmission path, and acoustically wrapping a noise transmission point corresponding to the target transmission path by adopting the acoustic silencing structure so as to control the noise transmission path, prevent noise transmission, realize noise reduction and effectively improve the noise reduction effect.
In the embodiment of determining the target transmission path by performing path transmission analysis on the spectrum corresponding to the noise data, as shown in fig. 2, in step S30, that is, performing path transmission analysis on the spectrum corresponding to the noise data, the method specifically includes the following steps:
s31: and carrying out feature analysis on the noise data based on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data, and determining a target sound source point.
In this embodiment, based on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data, feature analysis is performed on the noise data, and a target sound source point is determined, so as to determine that a main noise source is the target sound source point, so that path transfer analysis is performed according to the sound source feature of the target sound source point.
Specifically, the spectral characteristics and sound pressure levels (that is, representing the intensity of sound) of the spectrums corresponding to the noise source points and the noise transfer points can be analyzed, if the main noise energy (which can be described by adopting the sound pressure levels) in the spectrums corresponding to the noise source points and the noise transfer points is distributed in the same frequency region, or peaks exist at certain frequencies, the noise source point can be considered as the main noise source point, and the main noise source point is determined as the target source point, so that the determination process of the target source point is simple and convenient, and the workload is reduced.
S32: and carrying out path transfer analysis on the noise data according to the sound source characteristics corresponding to the target sound source points, and determining a target transfer path.
Specifically, since the noise transmission can be further transmitted based on the vibration of the structure in the vehicle room, the present embodiment can further perform path transmission analysis on the noise data based on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the target sound source point, the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise test point, and the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise transmission point, further determine the main noise transmission path, determine the main noise transmission path as the target transmission path, and provide a technical source for performing noise control on the target transmission path subsequently.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, in step S32, path transfer analysis is performed on noise data according to sound source characteristics corresponding to target sound source points, and a target transfer path is determined, which specifically includes the following steps:
S321: and carrying out correlation analysis on the target sound source point and the noise test point according to the sound source characteristics of the target sound source point corresponding to the same driving state to obtain the relevant frequency data corresponding to the driving state.
The related frequency data refer to noise frequency bands with similar or similar noise energy in frequency spectrums corresponding to the target sound source point and the noise test point.
Specifically, the correlation analysis is performed on the frequency spectrums corresponding to the target sound source point and the noise test point under the same driving state, that is, a correlation analysis function (such as corrcoef) can be used to analyze which noise frequency band the noise energy of the target sound source point and the noise test point are similar or similar, so as to determine the relevant frequency data corresponding to the driving state.
In an embodiment, after step S321, the method for noise reduction in a vehicle cab further includes:
And counting the relevant frequency data corresponding to all the driving states, removing frequency abnormal points in the relevant frequency data, and updating the relevant frequency data.
Specifically, since correlation analysis is performed only according to the frequency spectrums corresponding to the target sound source point and the noise test point corresponding to the same driving state, so as to obtain the relevant frequency data corresponding to the driving state, which has randomness and may cause inaccuracy of the result of the noise transmission path determined according to the relevant frequency data, in this embodiment, the relevant frequency data corresponding to all driving states needs to be counted, and frequency outliers in the relevant frequency data need to be removed so as to update the relevant frequency data, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the noise transmission path determined subsequently.
In this embodiment, by counting the relevant frequency data corresponding to all the driving states, frequency outliers in the relevant frequency data are removed, and the relevant frequency data are updated to eliminate interference, so that the accuracy of the noise transmission path is ensured to be determined subsequently.
S322: and carrying out path transfer analysis on the noise transfer points based on the related frequency data, and determining a target transfer path.
Specifically, based on the relevant frequency data, energy analysis is performed on a frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise transfer point, specifically, statistics is performed on noise energy corresponding to the relevant frequency data in the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise transfer point, that is, the contribution amount of the noise transfer point to the noise in the vehicle room is analyzed, so that a target transfer path is determined.
In this embodiment, correlation analysis is performed on the frequency spectrums corresponding to the target sound source point and the noise test point corresponding to the same driving state, so as to obtain relevant frequency data corresponding to the driving state, so that energy analysis is performed on the frequency spectrums corresponding to the noise transfer point based on the relevant frequency data, that is, the contribution of the noise transfer point to the noise in the vehicle room is analyzed, so that a target transfer path is determined, and the determination method for determining the target transfer path is simple and can quickly determine the target transfer path.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, in step S322, that is, based on the relevant frequency data, energy analysis is performed on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise transfer point, so as to determine the target transfer path, which specifically includes the following steps:
S3221: and carrying out energy analysis on the noise transfer points based on the related frequency data to obtain energy maximum points corresponding to the related frequency data.
S3222: and determining a target transmission path based on the noise transmission point corresponding to the energy maximum point.
The maximum energy point refers to a noise transmission point with the maximum noise energy corresponding to the relevant frequency data in the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise transmission point.
Specifically, statistics is performed on noise energy corresponding to relevant frequency data in a frequency spectrum corresponding to each noise transfer point, so as to determine an energy maximum point, the energy maximum point is determined as a target transfer point, a target transfer path can be determined according to the target sound source point and the target transfer point, for example, if the indoor door position is determined to be the target transfer point, the target transfer path is the target sound source point and is transferred to the noise test point through the target transfer point.
In this embodiment, energy analysis is performed on a frequency spectrum corresponding to a noise transfer point based on relevant frequency data to obtain an energy maximum point corresponding to the relevant frequency data, a target transfer point is determined by the noise transfer point corresponding to the energy maximum point, and a target transfer path is determined according to the target sound source point and the target transfer point.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, in step S51, the method for noise reduction in the vehicle cab further includes the steps of:
s511: and carrying out acoustic wrapping on the target sound source point corresponding to the target transmission path by adopting the first silencing structure, so as to realize noise reduction.
Because the prior engine is acoustically wrapped, an aluminum foil and a chemical crosslinking polyethylene foaming material are generally adopted as an acoustic noise elimination structure, the acoustic noise elimination structure has defects in acoustic noise reduction, namely, the main function of the acoustic noise elimination structure is heat insulation, and the noise reduction effect is poor; therefore, a corresponding acoustic silencing structure is designed according to the noise source characteristic corresponding to the target sound source point of the engine, and the acoustic silencing structure can achieve the heat insulation effect and the noise reduction effect.
In one embodiment, the first sound attenuating structure includes a thermal insulation layer disposed opposite the target sound source point, a sound absorbing layer closely coupled to the thermal insulation layer, and a sound insulating layer closely coupled to the sound absorbing layer.
The engine is huge in size and complex in structure, so that the engine is semi-wrapped, more heat is generated when the engine runs, and therefore the acoustic silencing structure capable of achieving the heat insulation effect and the noise reduction effect when designing the acoustic silencing structure is designed, namely, the first silencing structure comprising the heat insulation layer arranged on the opposite surface of the target sound source point, the sound absorption layer tightly combined with the heat insulation layer and the sound insulation layer tightly combined with the sound absorption layer is designed, so that the heat insulation effect is achieved, and meanwhile, the noise reduction requirement can be met.
In one embodiment, the thermal insulation layer comprises an aluminum foil layer or a fiberglass layer, the sound absorbing layer comprises a foamed polyurethane layer or a sound absorbing cotton layer, and the sound insulating layer comprises a rubber-plastic foamed sound insulating layer or a rubber sound insulating layer.
Specifically, when the acoustic noise elimination structure material is selected, a high polymer material with larger density such as a foaming polyurethane material, a rubber plastic foaming material and the like can be selected, closed-pore foaming is performed, and in the material manufacturing process, the hardness of the material can be reduced, so that noise is blocked, and meanwhile, vibration in a cockpit can be reduced.
In the embodiment, the aluminum foil layer can be aluminum foil, and the glass fiber layer can be glass fiber, so as to achieve the heat insulation effect; the foaming polyurethane layer can be foaming polyurethane, and the sound-absorbing cotton layer can be flame-retardant sound-absorbing cotton so as to achieve the effect of absorbing noise; the sound insulation layer includes, but is not limited to, a rubber foam material or a rubber sound insulation pad to reduce vibration in the cabin while blocking noise.
S512: and the second silencing structure is adopted to acoustically wrap the noise transfer points corresponding to the target transfer path, so that noise reduction is realized.
The second silencing structure is used for silencing and reducing noise at a noise transmission point corresponding to the target transmission path. Because the noise transfer points comprise noise transfer points corresponding to the indoor ceiling, noise transfer points corresponding to the indoor floor, noise transfer points corresponding to the indoor vehicle door, noise transfer points corresponding to the indoor rear periphery and the like, and the noise is transferred through vibration in the vehicle, the shape, the position and the manufacturing materials of each noise transfer point are different, so that the effect of the noise transferred in the vibration process is different, different noise transfer points can be acoustically wrapped by adopting different second silencing structures, noise reduction is realized, and the noise reduction efficiency is improved.
In an embodiment, the second silencing structure includes a sound absorbing layer disposed opposite to the noise transmission point and a damping layer or a sound insulating layer tightly combined with the sound absorbing layer, and is used for acoustically wrapping the noise transmission point corresponding to the indoor ceiling and the noise transmission point corresponding to the indoor rear wall, so as to reduce noise.
Specifically, the second silencing structure comprises a sound absorbing layer arranged on the opposite face of the noise transmission point and a damping layer or a sound insulating layer tightly combined with the sound absorbing layer, and is used for acoustically wrapping the noise transmission point corresponding to the indoor ceiling and the noise transmission point corresponding to the indoor rear wall, absorbing low-frequency noise generated by vibration through the sound absorbing layer, and isolating or damping vibration through the sound insulating layer or the damping layer to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction and noise reduction. In addition, laminate mutually with the car panel beating on the puigging or the damping layer to prevent to produce panel beating resonance and the cavity resonance of driver's cabin.
The second silencing structure comprises a sound absorption layer or a damping layer and is used for acoustically wrapping the noise transmission points corresponding to the indoor floor, so that noise reduction is realized.
Specifically, by adopting the sound absorption layer or the damping layer for acoustic wrapping, low-frequency noise generated by chassis vibration caused by vibration transmitted to the chassis through the suspension system and vibration transmitted to the chassis by other systems can be greatly reduced.
The second silencing structure comprises a sound absorption layer and is used for acoustically wrapping the noise transmission points corresponding to the indoor vehicle door, so that noise reduction is realized.
Specifically, when the indoor vehicle door and the acoustic wrapping are carried out, the sound absorbing layer can be adopted for sealing and wrapping so as to reduce noise generated by vibration of the vehicle door and absorb and lighten external noise to be transmitted into the vehicle room, and the purposes of sound absorption and noise reduction are achieved.
Preferably, the indoor floor adopts foamed polyurethane with the thickness of 20mm to be compounded with rubber plastic foaming materials with the thickness of 2mm to form a second silencing structure corresponding to the sound absorption layer and the sound insulation layer for acoustic wrapping; the lower part of the indoor rear wall adopts a rubber and plastic foaming material with the thickness of 2mm, 600g of sound-absorbing cotton with the thickness of 20mm is externally attached to form a second silencing structure corresponding to the sound-absorbing layer and the sound-insulating layer for acoustic packaging, the upper part of the indoor rear wall adopts 4mm of foaming polyurethane, 600g of sound-absorbing cotton with the thickness of 20mm is externally attached to form a second silencing structure corresponding to the sound-absorbing layer and the sound-insulating layer for acoustic packaging, the indoor vehicle door is mounted with the shape of 20mm of 600g of sound-absorbing cotton to form a second silencing structure corresponding to the sound-absorbing layer for acoustic packaging, the indoor ceiling adopts 4mm of foaming polyurethane, and 600g of sound-absorbing cotton with the thickness of 20mm is externally attached to form a second silencing structure corresponding to the sound-absorbing layer and the sound-insulating layer for acoustic packaging.
It is to be noted that foaming polyurethane and rubber and plastic foam material are directly laminated with the vehicle panel beating mutually, play the effect of sound insulation layer on the one hand, on the other hand can act as the damping layer, prevent to produce panel beating resonance and the cavity resonance of driver's cabin.
In the embodiment, the noise transmission points in the cab are fully wrapped so as to control the overall noise in the vehicle cab, and the overall noise in the vehicle cab is effectively reduced.
In one embodiment, an acoustic sound attenuating structure is provided that includes a first sound attenuating structure for surrounding a noise source point, the first sound attenuating structure including a thermal insulating layer disposed opposite the noise source point, a sound absorbing layer in intimate association with the thermal insulating layer, and a sound insulating layer in intimate association with the sound absorbing layer.
Further, the acoustic muffler structure further includes a second muffler structure for surrounding the noise transfer point.
Further, the noise transfer points include an indoor ceiling, an indoor rear wall, an indoor floor, and an indoor door; the second sound attenuation structure comprises a sound absorption layer arranged on the opposite surface of the indoor ceiling or the indoor rear wall, a damping layer or a sound insulation layer closely combined with the sound absorption layer, the sound absorption layer or the damping layer arranged on the opposite surface of the indoor floor, and the sound absorption layer arranged on the opposite surface of the indoor door.
Further, the heat insulation layer comprises an aluminum foil layer or a glass fiber layer, the sound absorption layer comprises a foaming polyurethane layer or a sound absorption cotton layer, and the sound insulation layer comprises a rubber foaming sound insulation layer or a rubber sound insulation layer.
Specific implementation details in the embodiment correspond to those described in the above method embodiment one by one, and in order to avoid repetition, details are not repeated here.
It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the foregoing embodiment does not mean that the execution sequence of each process should be determined by the function and the internal logic, and should not limit the implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above described methods may be accomplished by way of a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which when executed, may comprise the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium employed in embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. The nonvolatile memory can include Read Only Memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (SYNCHLINK) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), among others.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-described division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical application, the above-described functional distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, i.e. the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-described functions.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. A method of reducing noise in a vehicle cab, comprising:
collecting noise data corresponding to a noise source point, a noise test point and a noise transfer point corresponding to a driving state;
Performing frequency spectrum conversion on the noise data to obtain a frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data;
performing feature analysis on the noise data based on the frequency spectrum corresponding to the noise data, and determining a target sound source point;
According to the sound source characteristics of the target sound source points corresponding to the same driving state, carrying out correlation analysis on the target sound source points and the noise test points to obtain the relevant frequency data corresponding to the driving state;
based on the related frequency data, carrying out path transfer analysis on the noise transfer points, and determining a target transfer path;
Determining an acoustic silencing structure according to the target transmission path;
And carrying out acoustic wrapping on the noise transfer points corresponding to the target transfer paths by adopting the acoustic silencing structure, so as to realize noise reduction.
2. The method for noise reduction in a vehicle cab according to claim 1, wherein after performing correlation analysis on the target sound source point and the noise test point according to the sound source characteristics of the target sound source point corresponding to the same driving state, the method for noise reduction in a vehicle cab further comprises:
And counting all relevant frequency data corresponding to the running state, removing frequency abnormal points in the relevant frequency data, and updating the relevant frequency data corresponding to the running state.
3. The method of noise reduction in a vehicle cab of claim 1, wherein the performing a path transfer analysis on the noise transfer points based on the related frequency data, determining the target transfer path, includes:
based on the related frequency data, carrying out energy analysis on the noise transfer points to obtain energy maximum points corresponding to the related frequency data;
And determining the target transfer path based on the noise transfer point corresponding to the energy maximum point.
4. The method for noise reduction in a vehicle cab according to claim 1, wherein the acoustic packaging the noise transfer point corresponding to the target transfer path by using the acoustic silencing structure, for noise reduction, includes:
The first silencing structure is adopted to acoustically wrap the target sound source point corresponding to the target transmission path, so that noise reduction is realized;
and adopting a second silencing structure to acoustically wrap the noise transmission points corresponding to the target transmission path, so as to realize noise reduction.
5. The method of noise reduction in a vehicle cab according to claim 4, wherein the first sound attenuating structure includes a heat insulating layer disposed on a side opposite to the target sound source point, a sound absorbing layer closely bonded to the heat insulating layer, and a sound insulating layer closely bonded to the sound absorbing layer.
6. The method of noise reduction in a vehicle cab according to claim 5, wherein the heat insulating layer comprises an aluminum foil layer or a glass fiber layer, the sound absorbing layer comprises a foamed polyurethane layer or a sound absorbing cotton layer, and the sound insulating layer comprises a rubber sound insulating layer.
7. The method of noise reduction in a vehicle cab of claim 6, wherein the rubber acoustic barrier is a rubber-plastic foamed acoustic barrier.
8. The method of noise reduction in a vehicle cab of claim 4, wherein the noise transfer points include a noise transfer point corresponding to an indoor ceiling, a noise transfer point corresponding to an indoor floor, a noise transfer point corresponding to an indoor door, and a noise transfer point corresponding to an indoor rear wall.
9. The method for noise reduction in a vehicle cab according to claim 8, wherein the second sound attenuation structure includes a sound absorption layer disposed on a side opposite to the noise transmission point and a damping layer or a sound insulation layer closely bonded to the sound absorption layer, for acoustically covering the noise transmission points corresponding to the indoor ceiling and the indoor rear wall, to thereby achieve noise reduction;
the second silencing structure comprises a sound absorption layer or a damping layer and is used for acoustically wrapping the noise transmission points corresponding to the indoor floor so as to reduce noise;
The second silencing structure comprises a sound absorption layer and is used for acoustically wrapping the noise transmission points corresponding to the indoor vehicle door, so that noise reduction is realized.
10. An acoustic sound attenuation structure for use in the method of reducing noise in a vehicle cab according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a first sound attenuation structure for enveloping a noise source point, the first sound attenuation structure comprising a heat insulating layer disposed on an opposite side of the noise source point, a sound absorbing layer closely bonded to the heat insulating layer, and a sound insulating layer closely bonded to the sound absorbing layer.
11. The acoustic muffling structure of claim 10, further comprising a second muffling structure for enveloping a noise transfer point.
12. The acoustic muffling structure of claim 11, wherein the noise transfer points include an indoor ceiling, an indoor rear wall, an indoor floor, and an indoor door; the second silencing structure comprises a sound absorption layer arranged on the opposite surface of the indoor ceiling or the indoor rear wall, a damping layer or a sound insulation layer tightly combined with the sound absorption layer, a sound absorption layer or a damping layer arranged on the opposite surface of the indoor floor, and a sound absorption layer arranged on the opposite surface of the indoor vehicle door.
13. The acoustic muffling structure of claim 12, wherein the thermal insulation layer comprises an aluminum foil layer or a fiberglass layer, the sound absorbing layer comprises a foamed polyurethane layer or a sound absorbing cotton layer, and the sound insulating layer comprises a rubber sound insulating layer.
14. The acoustic muffling structure of claim 13, wherein the rubber sound-insulating layer is a rubber-plastic foamed sound-insulating layer.
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