CN112443357A - Intelligent early warning method for monitoring stability of surrounding rock of mine roadway - Google Patents
Intelligent early warning method for monitoring stability of surrounding rock of mine roadway Download PDFInfo
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- CN112443357A CN112443357A CN202011345841.8A CN202011345841A CN112443357A CN 112443357 A CN112443357 A CN 112443357A CN 202011345841 A CN202011345841 A CN 202011345841A CN 112443357 A CN112443357 A CN 112443357A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N prednisolone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/02—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection having means for indicating tension
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of mine roadway early warning, and provides an intelligent early warning method for monitoring stability of surrounding rock of a mine roadway, which comprises strength early warning, strain early warning, neutral point early warning, stress tangent early warning and working resistance attenuation early warning, wherein when relevant actual data exceed an early warning index, the early warning is generated, in addition, a comprehensive early warning index can be obtained, the comprehensive early warning index represents the danger degree of working conditions of an anchor rod and an anchor cable, the index can provide stability and safety quantitative evaluation information of the surrounding rock of the mine roadway, and a basis is provided for taking corresponding measures for production and construction. By adopting the mode, the early warning is carried out from different dimensions, so that the reliability of the early warning is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of early warning of mine roadways, in particular to an intelligent early warning method for monitoring stability of surrounding rocks of a mine roadway.
Background
In recent years, the mining industry in China is rapidly developed, the mechanization degree and the management level are gradually improved, but the mine safety problem is still not well solved, wherein roof accidents occupy a high proportion, so that the monitoring of the working stress condition of a roof is very important. At present, monitoring and early warning of roadway mine pressure mainly monitor and early warning of strength and strain of an anchor rod or an anchor cable, and due to the fact that the data type is single, the early warning effect is poor when the mode is adopted for monitoring.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to carry out early warning from different aspects to obtain better early warning effect, the invention provides an intelligent early warning method for monitoring stability of surrounding rock of a mine roadway.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:
the intelligent early warning method for monitoring the stability of the surrounding rock of the mine roadway gives an alarm when any one of the following conditions is met:
early warning of strength: when the working stress of the anchor rod or the anchor cable is greater than the strength of the rod body or the cable body, alarming is carried out, and the judging method is as follows: sigma > [ sigma ] and [ sigma ] are strength early warning indexes, and sigma is an actual working stress value of the anchor rod or the anchor cable;
early warning of strain: when the working strain of the anchor rod or the anchor cable is larger than the strain limit of the rod body or the cable body, alarming is carried out, and the judging method is as follows: epsilon and epsilon are strain early warning indexes, and epsilon is an actual working strain value of the anchor rod or the anchor cable;
neutral point early warning: the method for early warning of lost anchor according to the stressed neutral point of the anchor rod or the anchor cable comprises the following steps: l is more than [ L ], wherein [ L ] is a neutral point early warning index, and L is the distance between the neutral point and the initial anchor point;
early warning of stress tangent: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out early warning according to the sudden increase or sudden decrease change of the working resistance of the anchor rod or the anchor cable: the [ k ] is a stress tangent line early warning index, and the k is the slope of the stress tangent line at the time point;
early warning of attenuation of working resistance: early warning is carried out through the resistance attenuation amplitude and the resistance attenuation rate, and the judgment method is as follows: delta F, delta F/t, delta F and delta F are early warning indexes of resistance attenuation amplitude, delta V is early warning indexes of resistance attenuation rate, delta F is actual resistance attenuation amplitude, and t is time.
Further, in the neutral point warning, [ L ] is 3/4L0, and L0 is an anchor length.
Further, the method further comprises the step of obtaining a comprehensive early warning index W, wherein the comprehensive early warning index W is used for representing the danger degree of the working condition of the anchor rod or the anchor cable, and W is index ([ delta ] sigma) + index ([ delta epsilon) + index ([ L ]) + index ([ k ] |) + index ([. DELTA.F ]) + index (| DELTA.F/t |), wherein [ delta ] sigma ] -sigma and [ delta epsilon ] -epsilon.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting five dimensions of strength early warning, strain early warning, neutral point early warning, stress tangent early warning and working resistance attenuation early warning, mine roadway early warning is carried out, and the reliability of early warning is improved. Along with deformation and damage of surrounding rocks around a roadway, the stress concentration peak value is transferred to the deep part, the stressed neutral point of the anchor rod or the anchor cable body is gradually transferred to the deep part, and when the transfer position reaches the end (deep part) of the anchor rod or the anchor cable and is accompanied with sudden change, early warning of anchor loss can be carried out; the sharp increase or sharp decrease of the working resistance indicates that stronger surrounding rock activities for loading or unloading the anchor rod or the anchor cable exist in a short period, and the slope of the stress tangent line can reflect the change, so that the stress tangent line early warning is increased; along with the increase of working time limit, the enlargement of a surrounding rock destruction ring, the decline of self-bearing force of a rock body, the attenuation and the loss of the working resistance of an anchor rod or an anchor cable are inevitable processes, and the integral stability can be evaluated through the attenuation amplitude and the attenuation rate of the resistance value. The comprehensive early warning index W represents the degree of danger of the working conditions of the anchor rod and the anchor cable, and the index can give out stability and safety quantitative evaluation information of the surrounding rock of the mine roadway and provide basis for taking corresponding measures for production and construction.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The intelligent early warning method for monitoring the stability of the surrounding rock of the mine roadway gives an alarm when any one of the following conditions is met:
early warning of strength: when the working stress of the anchor rod or the anchor cable is greater than the strength of the rod body or the cable body, alarming is carried out, and the judging method is as follows: sigma > [ sigma ] and [ sigma ] are strength early warning indexes, and sigma is an actual working stress value of the anchor rod or the anchor cable; drilling holes in a rock mass, placing an anchoring agent, and then installing an anchor rod or an anchor cable, wherein the axial force of the anchor rod or the anchor cable is gradually increased along with the deformation of the surrounding rock, and the bearing capacity of the anchor rod or the anchor cable is suddenly changed after the strength limit is reached, even the rod body or the cable body is broken, so that strength early warning is set, and the strength early warning index can be determined according to the national standard and the actual use land condition according to experience; and the delta sigma is [ sigma ] -sigma, the delta sigma is the difference value of the working stress distance and the critical stress, the larger the difference value is, the safer the working stress distance is, and the delta sigma is graded to realize quantitative safety evaluation, and the index size is index (delta sigma).
Early warning of strain: when the working strain of the anchor rod or the anchor cable is smaller than the strain limit of the rod body or the cable body, alarming is carried out, and the judging method is as follows: epsilon and epsilon are strain early warning indexes, and epsilon is an actual working strain value of the anchor rod or the anchor cable; and the larger the difference is, the safer the working stress distance is, and the quantitative safety evaluation is realized by grading the delta sigma, wherein the index size is index (delta epsilon).
Neutral point early warning: the method for early warning of lost anchor according to the stressed neutral point of the anchor rod or the anchor cable comprises the following steps: l > [ L ]]， [L]Is a neutral point early warning index, and L is the distance between the neutral point and the initial anchoring point; along with deformation and damage of surrounding rocks around a roadway, the stress concentration peak value is transferred to the deep part, the stressed neutral point of the anchor rod or the anchor cable body is gradually transferred to the deep part, and when the transfer position reaches the end (deep part) of the anchor rod or the anchor cable and is accompanied with mutation, early warning of anchor loss can be carried out; in this embodiment, let the anchor length be L0, and the neutral point be a distance L, [ L ] to the bottom of the hole from the initial anchor point]Is taken as 3/4L0；[L]Or the method can be determined according to the actual situation of the using place and graded according to the danger degree; a larger L indicates a greater anchoring risk the further the neutral point is from the orifice, and thus for L]The hierarchical management is carried out, the hierarchical management of the danger degree is embodied, and the [ L ] is managed]Grading to realize quantification of risk degree with index ([ L ]])。
Early warning of stress tangent: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out early warning according to the sudden increase or sudden decrease change of the working resistance of the anchor rod or the anchor cable: the [ k ] is a stress tangent line early warning index, and the k is the slope of the stress tangent line at the time point; the sharp increase or sharp decrease of the working resistance indicates that stronger surrounding rock activities for loading or unloading the anchor rod or the anchor cable exist in a short period, and the slope of the stress tangent line can reflect the changes, so that the stress tangent line early warning is increased; the larger the | k | is, the higher the risk degree is, so that the | k | is subjected to hierarchical management, and the risk degree is quantified by classifying the | k | with the index size of index (| [ k ] |).
Early warning of attenuation of working resistance: early warning is carried out through the resistance attenuation amplitude and the resistance attenuation rate, and the judgment method is as follows: delta F [ deltaF ], [ delta F/t ], [ deltaF ] is a resistance attenuation amplitude early warning index, [ v ] is a resistance attenuation rate early warning index, [ delta F ] is an actual resistance attenuation amplitude, and t is time; along with the increase of working time limit, the expansion of a surrounding rock destruction ring, the fall of self-bearing capacity of a rock body, and the attenuation and loss of the working resistance of an anchor rod or an anchor cable are inevitable processes, and the integral stability can be evaluated through the attenuation amplitude and the attenuation rate of the resistance value; the larger the < DELTA > F < DELTA > and the < DELTA > F/t < DELTA > are, the higher the risk degree is, so that the graded management of the risk degree is embodied, and the quantification of the risk degree is realized by grading the < DELTA > F < DELTA > and the < DELTA > F/t < DELTA > with the index sizes of index (< DELTA > F < DELTA >) and index (DELTA > F/t < DELTA >) respectively.
Furthermore, the comprehensive early warning index can be obtained according to the hierarchical management, so the early warning index of the method comprises two sets of index systems, namely the one-way early warning index and the comprehensive early warning index.
Wherein the discrimination conditions of the single early warning indexes are sigma > [ sigma ], epsilon > [ epsilon ], L > [ L ], | k > | [ k ] |, | F > [. DELTA.F ], | F/t > [ v ]. The one-way early warning indexes give safety threshold values of the anchor rod and the anchor cable, and warning is given when the safety threshold values are exceeded in work to represent precursor information of disasters.
The comprehensive early warning index is W ═ index ([ delta ] sigma) + index ([ delta epsilon) + index ([ L ]) + index ([ k ] |) + index ([. DELTA.F ]) + index (| [ Delta F/t |). The comprehensive early warning index system represents the danger degree of the working conditions of the anchor rod and the anchor cable, the indexes can give out stability and safety quantitative evaluation information of the surrounding rock of the mine roadway, and provide basis for taking corresponding measures for production and construction, and the comprehensive early warning index system represents the inoculation information of disasters.
Claims (3)
1. The intelligent early warning method for monitoring the stability of the surrounding rock of the mine roadway is characterized by alarming when any one of the following conditions is met:
early warning of strength: when the working stress of the anchor rod or the anchor cable is greater than the strength of the rod body or the cable body, alarming is carried out, and the judging method is as follows: sigma > [ sigma ] and [ sigma ] are strength early warning indexes, and sigma is an actual working stress value of the anchor rod or the anchor cable;
early warning of strain: when the working strain of the anchor rod or the anchor cable is larger than the strain limit of the rod body or the cable body, alarming is carried out, and the judging method is as follows: epsilon and epsilon are strain early warning indexes, and epsilon is an actual working strain value of the anchor rod or the anchor cable;
neutral point early warning: the method for early warning of lost anchor according to the stressed neutral point of the anchor rod or the anchor cable comprises the following steps: l is more than [ L ], wherein [ L ] is a neutral point early warning index, and L is the distance between the neutral point and the initial anchor point;
early warning of stress tangent: the early warning is carried out according to the sudden increase or sudden decrease change of the working resistance of the anchor rod or the anchor cable, and the judging method is as follows: the [ k ] is a stress tangent line early warning index, and the k is the slope of the stress tangent line at the time point;
early warning of attenuation of working resistance: early warning is carried out through the resistance attenuation amplitude and the resistance attenuation rate, and the judgment method is as follows: delta F, delta F/t, delta F are early warning indexes of resistance attenuation amplitude, delta V is early warning indexes of resistance attenuation rate, delta F is actual resistance attenuation amplitude, and t is time.
2. The mine roadway surrounding rock stability monitoring intelligent early warning method according to claim 1, wherein in the neutral point early warning, [ L ] is 3/4L0, and L0 is an anchoring length.
3. The mine roadway surrounding rock stability monitoring intelligent early warning method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of obtaining a comprehensive early warning index W, wherein W is equal to index ([ delta ] sigma) + index ([ delta epsilon) + index ([ L ]) + index ([ k ] |) + index ([. DELTA F ]) + index (| [ delta ] F/t |), wherein [ delta ] sigma ] -sigma and [ epsilon ] -epsilon ], and the comprehensive early warning index W is used for representing the danger degree of working conditions of the anchor rod or the anchor cable.
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| CN202011345841.8A CN112443357A (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | Intelligent early warning method for monitoring stability of surrounding rock of mine roadway |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN117128044A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-11-28 | 浙江华东测绘与工程安全技术有限公司 | Online early warning method for stability and safety of surrounding rock in underground cavity construction |
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