CN112442601A - Process for improving leaching rate of carbon-containing tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore - Google Patents
Process for improving leaching rate of carbon-containing tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/08—Obtaining noble metals by cyaniding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/12—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic alkaline solutions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a process for improving leaching rate of carbon-containing tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ores, which belongs to the technical field of hydrometallurgy and comprises the following steps: ore pretreatment, ore alkaline leaching pretreatment, ore pulp filter pressing, ore pulp cyanidation and product separation. After the refractory limestone is fully finely ground and the monomers are dissociated, sodium hydroxide is added to carry out chemical reaction under the ventilation condition, so that carbon substances are passivated, part of tellurium and gold ores are dissolved, gold is fully exposed, then sodium cyanide is used for leaching the gold, activated carbon is used for adsorbing the gold to form gold-loaded carbon, and finally the gold is resolved and smelted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wet metallurgy, and particularly relates to a process for improving the leaching rate of carbon-containing tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ores.
Background
With the decreasing of high-grade and easy-to-sort gold ores, low-grade and complex difficult-to-sort gold ores gradually become main resources of the future gold industry, the carbon-containing type micro-fine particle difficult-to-leach difficult-to-sort gold ores are one of the difficult-to-process gold ores, the resource amount is large, the grade is high, the conventional leaching rate is low (generally below 40%), the resources cannot be efficiently utilized, and the processing methods for the carbon-containing type micro-fine particle difficult-to-leach difficult-to-sort gold ores at home and abroad mainly comprise the following steps: the method comprises the steps of hot-pressing oxidation treatment, bacterial oxidation treatment, oxidation roasting treatment and chemical oxidation, wherein at present, only a small amount of mines in China adopt the roasting method to treat refractory gold ores, and other treatment methods are incomplete in industrial application and basically in the scope of laboratories;
due to the reasons of fine embedded particle size, close relationship between gold and gangue minerals, gold-robbing substances contained in ores and the like, except for roasting pretreatment, the recovery rate of the conventional mineral separation process is low, particularly, the direct leaching rate of carbon-containing tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ores is only about 40%, and the recovery rate of a flotation-leaching combined process is less than 60%, so that the normal treatment of the ores is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a process for improving the leaching rate of carbon-containing tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ores.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a process for improving leaching rate of carbon-containing tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, ore pretreatment: the method comprises the following steps that pre-screening is carried out on refractory limestone through a 300mm grid sieve, large materials are crushed to-300 mm by a crushing hammer and then enter a first-stage jaw crusher and a second-stage double-roller crusher through the grid sieve, grinding is carried out through a closed circuit grinding system consisting of a ball mill and a spiral classifier, the ground ores overflow through the spiral classifier and enter a slurry pump pool to form ore pulp, the ore pulp is conveyed to a swirler through a slurry pump to be classified, the overflow of the swirler automatically flows into a thickener to be concentrated, and settled sand of the swirler returns to the ball mill to be ground again;
s2, alkaline leaching pretreatment of ore: conveying underflow pulp of the thickener to a stirring tank by a slurry pump for alkali treatment, controlling the content of sodium hydroxide in the pulp to be more than or equal to 60g/L by taking liquid sodium hydroxide with the content of 48% as an alkali source in the stirring tank, fully ventilating and aerating, and performing alkali leaching pretreatment for 24 hours;
s3, ore pulp pressure filtration: feeding the ore pulp into a filter press through a filter press feeding pump for direct filter pressing, feeding the alkali-containing filtrate subjected to filter pressing into a thickener in an automatic flow mode, conveying the alkali-containing filtrate serving as production water back to the ore pretreatment for recycling through a conveying pump, and conveying filter cakes subjected to filter pressing to an open space for flattening and airing;
s4, pulp cyaniding: after size mixing, the filter cake is conveyed to a stirring tank through a slag slurry pump for cyanidation treatment, a sodium cyanide solution is added into the stirring tank, ventilation and full aeration are carried out, leaching is carried out for 48 hours, concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium metabisulfite are added into tailing slurry for cyanogen breaking treatment, then the tailing slurry is conveyed to a filter pressing working section, and filter pressing filtrate is buffered by a filtrate tank and then returned to a thickener for recycling;
s5, product precipitation: adding activated carbon into the stirring tank, adsorbing in the leached ore pulp for 48 hours to form gold-loaded carbon, and then carrying out resolution smelting on the gold-loaded carbon to obtain gold.
Preferably, the grinding fineness of S1 requires that the content of 200 meshes is more than or equal to 96%, the overflow concentration of the cyclone is 8.5%, and the concentration of the ore pulp concentrated by the thickener is 35-40%.
Preferably, the concentration of the sodium cyanide solution in the S4 is 33%, and the content of cyanide in the ore pulp is 0.5-0.6 per mill.
Preferably, the pH value of the tailing slurry in the S4 is controlled to be 8.5, the using amount of the sodium metabisulfite is 3kg/t, and the reaction time of the cyanogen breaking treatment is 6 h.
Preferably, the bottom of the stirring tank used in S2 and S4 is provided with a microporous aeration plate for aeration.
Preferably, sodium hydroxide solution is added into the stirring tank as protective alkali during cyanidation in S4, and the pH value of the ore pulp is 10-11.
Preferably, after the cyanidation adsorption treatment in the S4, the gold-containing solution in the ore pulp and the tailing pulp need to be subjected to solid-liquid separation.
Preferably, the stirring tank comprises an aeration plate, an air pipe and a stirring tank body, the bottom of the stirring tank body is provided with the aeration pipe, the bottom of the aeration pipe is communicated with the air pipe, and the air pipe is communicated with the outside.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: compared with the prior art, the process for improving the leaching rate of the carbon-containing tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore has the following advantages:
after the refractory limestone is fully finely ground and the monomers are dissociated, sodium hydroxide is added to carry out chemical reaction under the ventilation condition, so that carbon substances are passivated, part of tellurium and gold ores are dissolved, gold is fully exposed, then sodium cyanide is used for leaching the gold, activated carbon is used for adsorbing the gold to form gold-loaded carbon, and finally the gold is resolved and smelted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the agitation tank of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an aeration plate; 2. an air duct; 3. the stirring tank body.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not delimit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A process for improving the leaching rate of carbon-containing tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ores comprises the following steps:
s1, ore pretreatment: the refractory limestone is pre-screened by a 300mm grid sieve, large materials are crushed to-300 mm by a crushing hammer and then enter a first-section jaw crusher and a second-section double-roll crusher through the grid sieve, then grinding the ore by a closed circuit grinding system consisting of a ball mill and a spiral classifier, overflowing the grinded ore into a slurry pump pool through the spiral classifier to form ore slurry, conveying the ore slurry to a swirler for classification through a slurry pump, automatically flowing the overflow of the swirler into a thickener for concentration, returning the settled sand of the swirler to the ball mill for regrinding, wherein the grinding fineness requires that the content of 200 meshes is more than or equal to 96 percent, the overflow concentration of the swirler is 8.5 percent, the concentration of the ore slurry concentrated by the thickener is 35 percent, and a jaw crusher adopts the principle of mutual extrusion of jaw plates to process the materials, the crushing device is used for one process of crushing various ore rocks, and can process various ores with the compressive strength not higher than 320MPa to medium granularity at one time;
the double-roller crusher is mainly used for fine crushing operation with ore granularity smaller than 80mm, has the advantages of small size, large crushing ratio, low noise, simple structure and convenience in maintenance, ensures uniform granularity of crushed materials and low over-crushing rate, ensures that the granularity of finished products is 0.5-40 mm, and can effectively crush refractory limestone into required granularity through the jaw crusher and the double-roller crusher.
S2, alkaline leaching pretreatment of ore: the underflow pulp of the thickener is conveyed to a stirring tank by a slurry pump for alkali treatment, liquid sodium hydroxide with the sodium hydroxide content of 48% is used as an alkali source in the stirring tank, the sodium hydroxide content in the pulp is controlled to be more than or equal to 60g/L, the pulp is fully ventilated and aerated, the alkali leaching pretreatment is carried out for 24 hours, a sodium hydroxide elevated tank and a dosing stabilizing tank are arranged, a liquid level meter of the elevated tank is interlocked with a storage tank dosing pump, the sodium hydroxide is conveniently added into the stirring tank to control the content of the pulp, the pulp is ventilated by an air suspension air compressor, and a special microporous aeration plate is arranged at the bottom of the stirring tank for ventilation and aeration.
S3, ore pulp pressure filtration: the ore pulp is sent into a filter press by an ore feeding pump of the filter press to be directly subjected to filter pressing, the alkali-containing filtrate after filter pressing automatically flows into a thickener to be used as production water and is conveyed back to ore pretreatment for recycling by a conveying pump, a filter cake after filter pressing is conveyed to an empty place to be flattened and aired, an excavator is matched with a movable external belt to directly supply ore for semi-autogenous grinding, a layer of 20-mesh steel wire mesh is paved on a sieve plate of 3mm of a semi-autogenous grinding return material vibrating screen to be used for cleaning slag on the sieve, a pipeline is newly paved before an original pipeline of a slag slurry pump enters a cyclone, and the pipeline is directly connected to the vibrating.
S4, pulp cyaniding: the filter cake is conveyed to a stirring tank through a slag slurry pump after size mixing for cyaniding treatment, sodium cyanide solution is added into the stirring tank and is fully aerated, the stirring tank comprises an aeration plate 1, an air pipe 2, a stirring tank body 3 and a stirrer inside the stirring tank body 3, the stirrer comprises a driving motor and a stirring rod connected with the driving motor, at least two groups of stirring blades are installed at the upper end and the lower end of the stirring rod, the aeration plate 1 is installed at the bottom of the stirring tank body 3, the bottom of the aeration plate 1 is communicated with the air pipe 2, the air pipe 2 is communicated with the outside, dissolved oxygen can be introduced into ore pulp inside the stirring tank body 3 through the air pipe 2 and the aeration plate 1, the concentration of the sodium cyanide solution is 33 percent, the content of cyanide in the ore pulp is 0.5 per thousand, the ore pulp is leached for 48 hours, concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium metabisulfite are added into the ore pulp and then conveyed to a filter pressing section after cyanogen breaking treatment, filter press filtration, during cyaniding treatment, adding a sodium hydroxide solution serving as a protective alkali into a stirring tank, wherein the pH value of the ore pulp is 10, and the protective alkali is mainly used for maintaining the stability of the cyanide solution and reducing the hydrolysis loss of cyanide, so that the addition of the alkali in cyaniding leaching is maintained in the stirring tank or the ore grinding process of cyaniding raw ore, and when the ore has complex components and contains some minerals harmful to the cyaniding process, such as pyrrhotite, the protective alkali is added in the ore grinding process, and the harmful minerals are favorably oxidized or precipitated and removed;
s5, product precipitation: adding activated carbon into the stirring tank, adsorbing in the leached ore pulp for 48 hours to form gold-loaded carbon, and then carrying out resolution smelting on the gold-loaded carbon to obtain gold.
The activated carbon is a strong adsorbent, has a unique pore structure and a large surface area, has certain mechanical strength, heat resistance, acid and alkali resistance and other properties, and has a granularity of more than 0.8mm because the gold-loaded carbon needs to be separated from ore pulp in use, and the activity of the carbon after gold removal of the gold-loaded carbon can be recovered to a certain extent after activation and regeneration treatment, so that the carbon can be recycled, and the production cost is greatly reduced;
the commonly used method for activating and regenerating the carbon comprises the following steps: firstly, stirring and leaching the gold carbon for about one hour by using a 3% hydrochloric acid solution at room temperature to remove carbonate such as calcium, magnesium and the like and other acid-soluble impurities, then washing by using water, and then neutralizing and washing by using a 1% sodium hydroxide solution until the solution is neutral;
the gold-removed carbon is then dried at a low temperature below 200 ℃, then heated to 200 ℃ to remove volatile substances, then thermally dissociated at 500 ℃ to remove the volatile substances, and finally activated in the presence of superheated steam at 700 ℃.
Example 2
A process for improving the leaching rate of carbon-containing tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ores comprises the following steps:
s1, ore pretreatment: the refractory limestone is pre-screened by a 300mm grid sieve, large materials are crushed to-300 mm by a crushing hammer and then enter a first-section jaw crusher and a second-section double-roll crusher through the grid sieve, then grinding the ore by a closed circuit grinding system consisting of a ball mill and a spiral classifier, overflowing the grinded ore into a slurry pump pool through the spiral classifier to form ore slurry, conveying the ore slurry to a swirler for classification through a slurry pump, automatically flowing the overflow of the swirler into a thickener for concentration, returning the settled sand of the swirler to the ball mill for regrinding, wherein the grinding fineness requires that the content of 200 meshes is more than or equal to 96 percent, the overflow concentration of the swirler is 8.5 percent, the concentration of the ore slurry concentrated by the thickener is 37.5 percent, and a jaw crusher adopts the principle of mutual extrusion of jaw plates to process the materials, the crushing device is used for one process of crushing various ore rocks, and can process various ores with the compressive strength not higher than 320MPa to medium granularity at one time;
the double-roller crusher is mainly used for fine crushing operation with ore granularity smaller than 80mm, has the advantages of small size, large crushing ratio, low noise, simple structure and convenience in maintenance, ensures uniform granularity of crushed materials and low over-crushing rate, ensures that the granularity of finished products is 0.5-40 mm, and can effectively crush refractory limestone into required granularity through the jaw crusher and the double-roller crusher.
S2, alkaline leaching pretreatment of ore: the underflow pulp of the thickener is conveyed to a stirring tank by a slurry pump for alkali treatment, liquid sodium hydroxide with the sodium hydroxide content of 48% is used as an alkali source in the stirring tank, the sodium hydroxide content in the pulp is controlled to be more than or equal to 60g/L, the pulp is fully ventilated and aerated, the alkali leaching pretreatment is carried out for 24 hours, a sodium hydroxide elevated tank and a dosing stabilizing tank are arranged, a liquid level meter of the elevated tank is interlocked with a storage tank dosing pump, the sodium hydroxide is conveniently added into the stirring tank to control the content of the pulp, the pulp is ventilated by an air suspension air compressor, and a special microporous aeration plate is arranged at the bottom of the stirring tank for ventilation and aeration.
S3, ore pulp pressure filtration: the ore pulp is sent into a filter press by an ore feeding pump of the filter press to be directly subjected to filter pressing, the alkali-containing filtrate after filter pressing automatically flows into a thickener to be used as production water and is conveyed back to ore pretreatment for recycling by a conveying pump, a filter cake after filter pressing is conveyed to an empty place to be flattened and aired, an excavator is matched with a movable external belt to directly supply ore for semi-autogenous grinding, a layer of 20-mesh steel wire mesh is paved on a sieve plate of 3mm of a semi-autogenous grinding return material vibrating screen to be used for cleaning slag on the sieve, a pipeline is newly paved before an original pipeline of a slag slurry pump enters a cyclone, and the pipeline is directly connected to the vibrating.
S4, pulp cyaniding: the filter cake is conveyed to a stirring tank through a slurry pump after size mixing for cyanidation treatment, sodium cyanide solution is added into the stirring tank and is fully aerated through ventilation, the stirring tank comprises an aeration plate 1, an air pipe 2 and a stirring tank body 3, the aeration plate 1 is installed at the bottom of the stirring tank body 3, the bottom of the aeration plate 1 is communicated with the air pipe 2, the air pipe 2 is communicated with the outside, dissolved oxygen can be introduced into ore pulp in the stirring tank body 3 through the air pipe 2 and the aeration plate 1, the concentration of the sodium cyanide solution is 33 percent, the content of cyanide in the ore pulp is 0.55 per mill, leaching is carried out for 48 hours, concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium metabisulfite are added into tailing pulp for cyanogen breaking treatment and then conveyed to a filter-pressing working section, filter-pressing filtrate is buffered by a filtrate tank and then returned to a thickener for recycling, sodium hydroxide solution is added into the stirring tank during cyanidation treatment as protective alkali, the pH value of the ore pulp is 10.5, and the, the hydrolysis loss of cyanide is reduced, the addition of alkali in cyanidation leaching is kept in a stirring tank or in the ore grinding process of cyanidation raw ore, and when the ore has complex components and contains some minerals harmful to cyanidation, such as pyrrhotite, the protective alkali is added in the ore grinding process, so that the harmful minerals are oxidized or form precipitates to be removed;
s5, product precipitation: adding activated carbon into the stirring tank, adsorbing in the leached ore pulp for 48 hours to form gold-loaded carbon, and then carrying out resolution smelting on the gold-loaded carbon to obtain gold.
The activated carbon is a strong adsorbent, has a unique pore structure and a large surface area, has certain mechanical strength, heat resistance, acid and alkali resistance and other properties, and has a granularity of more than 0.8mm because the gold-loaded carbon needs to be separated from ore pulp in use, and the activity of the carbon after gold removal of the gold-loaded carbon can be recovered to a certain extent after activation and regeneration treatment, so that the carbon can be recycled, and the production cost is greatly reduced;
the commonly used method for activating and regenerating the carbon comprises the following steps: firstly, stirring and leaching the gold carbon for about one hour by using a 4% hydrochloric acid solution at room temperature to remove carbonate such as calcium, magnesium and the like and other acid-soluble impurities, then washing by using water, and then neutralizing and washing by using a 1% sodium hydroxide solution until the solution is neutral;
the gold-removed carbon is then dried at a low temperature below 200 ℃, then heated to 350 ℃ to remove volatile substances, then thermally dissociated at 600 ℃ to remove the volatile substances, and finally activated in the presence of superheated steam at 700 ℃.
Example 3
A process for improving the leaching rate of carbon-containing tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ores comprises the following steps:
s1, ore pretreatment: the refractory limestone is pre-screened by a 300mm grid sieve, large materials are crushed to-300 mm by a crushing hammer and then enter a first-section jaw crusher and a second-section double-roll crusher through the grid sieve, then grinding the ore by a closed circuit grinding system consisting of a ball mill and a spiral classifier, overflowing the grinded ore into a slurry pump pool through the spiral classifier to form ore slurry, conveying the ore slurry to a swirler for classification through a slurry pump, automatically flowing the overflow of the swirler into a thickener for concentration, returning the settled sand of the swirler to the ball mill for regrinding, wherein the grinding fineness requires that the content of 200 meshes is more than or equal to 96 percent, the overflow concentration of the swirler is 8.5 percent, the concentration of the ore slurry concentrated by the thickener is 40 percent, and the jaw crusher adopts the principle of mutual extrusion of jaw plates to process the materials, the crushing device is used for one process of crushing various ore rocks, and can process various ores with the compressive strength not higher than 320MPa to medium granularity at one time;
the double-roller crusher is mainly used for fine crushing operation with ore granularity smaller than 80mm, has the advantages of small size, large crushing ratio, low noise, simple structure and convenience in maintenance, ensures uniform granularity of crushed materials and low over-crushing rate, ensures that the granularity of finished products is 0.5-40 mm, and can effectively crush refractory limestone into required granularity through the jaw crusher and the double-roller crusher.
S2, alkaline leaching pretreatment of ore: the underflow pulp of the thickener is conveyed to a stirring tank by a slurry pump for alkali treatment, liquid sodium hydroxide with the sodium hydroxide content of 48% is used as an alkali source in the stirring tank, the sodium hydroxide content in the pulp is controlled to be more than or equal to 60g/L, the pulp is fully ventilated and aerated, the alkali leaching pretreatment is carried out for 24 hours, a sodium hydroxide elevated tank and a dosing stabilizing tank are arranged, a liquid level meter of the elevated tank is interlocked with a storage tank dosing pump, the sodium hydroxide is conveniently added into the stirring tank to control the content of the pulp, the pulp is ventilated by an air suspension air compressor, and a special microporous aeration plate is arranged at the bottom of the stirring tank for ventilation and aeration.
S3, ore pulp pressure filtration: the ore pulp is sent into a filter press by an ore feeding pump of the filter press to be directly subjected to filter pressing, the alkali-containing filtrate after filter pressing automatically flows into a thickener to be used as production water and is conveyed back to ore pretreatment for recycling by a conveying pump, a filter cake after filter pressing is conveyed to an empty place to be flattened and aired, an excavator is matched with a movable external belt to directly supply ore for semi-autogenous grinding, a layer of 20-mesh steel wire mesh is paved on a sieve plate of 3mm of a semi-autogenous grinding return material vibrating screen to be used for cleaning slag on the sieve, a pipeline is newly paved before an original pipeline of a slag slurry pump enters a cyclone, and the pipeline is directly connected to the vibrating.
S4, pulp cyaniding: the filter cake is conveyed to a stirring tank through a slurry pump after size mixing for cyanidation treatment, sodium cyanide solution is added into the stirring tank and is fully aerated through ventilation, the stirring tank comprises an aeration plate 1, an air pipe 2 and a stirring tank body 3, the aeration plate 1 is installed at the bottom of the stirring tank body 3, the bottom of the aeration plate 1 is communicated with the air pipe 2, the air pipe 2 is communicated with the outside, dissolved oxygen can be introduced into the ore pulp in the stirring tank body 3 through the air pipe 2 and the aeration plate 1, the concentration of the sodium cyanide solution is 33 percent, the content of cyanide in the ore pulp is 0.6 per thousand, leaching is carried out for 48 hours, concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium metabisulfite are added into the tailing pulp for cyanogen breaking treatment, the tailing pulp is conveyed to a filter-pressing working section, filter-pressing filtrate is buffered by a filtrate tank and then returned to a thickener for recycling, sodium hydroxide solution is added into the stirring tank during cyanidation treatment as protective alkali, the pH value of the ore pulp, the hydrolysis loss of cyanide is reduced, the addition of alkali in cyanidation leaching is kept in a stirring tank or in the ore grinding process of cyanidation raw ore, and when the ore has complex components and contains some minerals harmful to cyanidation, such as pyrrhotite, the protective alkali is added in the ore grinding process, so that the harmful minerals are oxidized or form precipitates to be removed;
s5, product precipitation: adding activated carbon into the stirring tank, adsorbing in the leached ore pulp for 48 hours to form gold-loaded carbon, and then carrying out resolution smelting on the gold-loaded carbon to obtain gold.
The activated carbon is a strong adsorbent, has a unique pore structure and a large surface area, has certain mechanical strength, heat resistance, acid and alkali resistance and other properties, and has a granularity of more than 0.8mm because the gold-loaded carbon needs to be separated from ore pulp in use, and the activity of the carbon after gold removal of the gold-loaded carbon can be recovered to a certain extent after activation and regeneration treatment, so that the carbon can be recycled, and the production cost is greatly reduced;
the commonly used method for activating and regenerating the carbon comprises the following steps: firstly, stirring and leaching the gold carbon for about one hour by using a 5% hydrochloric acid solution at room temperature to remove carbonate such as calcium, magnesium and the like and other acid-soluble impurities, then washing by using water, and then neutralizing and washing by using a 1% sodium hydroxide solution until the solution is neutral;
the gold-removed carbon is then dried at a low temperature below 200 ℃, then heated to 500 ℃ to remove volatile substances, then thermally dissociated at 700 ℃ to remove the volatile substances, and finally activated in the presence of superheated steam at 700 ℃.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A process for improving leaching rate of carbon-containing tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, ore pretreatment: the method comprises the following steps that pre-screening is carried out on refractory limestone through a 300mm grid sieve, large materials are crushed to-300 mm by a crushing hammer and then enter a first-stage jaw crusher and a second-stage double-roller crusher through the grid sieve, grinding is carried out through a closed circuit grinding system consisting of a ball mill and a spiral classifier, the ground ores overflow through the spiral classifier and enter a slurry pump pool to form ore pulp, the ore pulp is conveyed to a swirler through a slurry pump to be classified, the overflow of the swirler automatically flows into a thickener to be concentrated, and settled sand of the swirler returns to the ball mill to be ground again;
s2, alkaline leaching pretreatment of ore: conveying underflow pulp of the thickener to a stirring tank by a slurry pump for alkali treatment, controlling the content of sodium hydroxide in the pulp to be more than or equal to 60g/L by taking liquid sodium hydroxide with the content of 48% as an alkali source in the stirring tank, fully ventilating and aerating, and performing alkali leaching pretreatment for 24 hours;
s3, ore pulp pressure filtration: feeding the ore pulp into a filter press through a filter press feeding pump for direct filter pressing, feeding the alkali-containing filtrate subjected to filter pressing into a thickener in an automatic flow mode, conveying the alkali-containing filtrate serving as production water back to the ore pretreatment for recycling through a conveying pump, and conveying filter cakes subjected to filter pressing to an open space for flattening and airing;
s4, pulp cyaniding: after size mixing, the filter cake is conveyed to a stirring tank through a slag slurry pump for cyanidation treatment, a sodium cyanide solution is added into the stirring tank, ventilation and full aeration are carried out, leaching is carried out for 48 hours, concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium metabisulfite are added into tailing slurry for cyanogen breaking treatment, then the tailing slurry is conveyed to a filter pressing working section, and filter pressing filtrate is buffered by a filtrate tank and then returned to a thickener for recycling;
s5, product precipitation: adding activated carbon into the stirring tank, adsorbing in the leached ore pulp for 48 hours to form gold-loaded carbon, and then carrying out resolution smelting on the gold-loaded carbon to obtain gold.
2. The process for improving the leaching rate of the carbon-containing and tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore according to claim 1, wherein the leaching rate of the carbon-containing and tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore is characterized in that: the ore grinding fineness in the S1 requires that the content of 200 meshes is more than or equal to 96 percent, the overflow concentration of the cyclone is 8.5 percent, and the ore pulp concentration of the ore pulp concentrated by the thickener is 35 to 40 percent.
3. The process for improving the leaching rate of the carbon-containing and tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore according to claim 2, wherein the leaching rate is as follows: the concentration of the sodium cyanide solution in the S4 is 33%, and the content of cyanide in the ore pulp is 0.5-0.6 per mill.
4. The process for improving the leaching rate of the carbon-containing and tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore according to claim 3, wherein the leaching rate of the carbon-containing and tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore is as follows: the pH value of tailing slurry in the S4 is controlled to be 8.5, the using amount of sodium metabisulfite is 3kg/t, and the reaction time of cyanogen breaking treatment is 6 h.
5. The process for improving the leaching rate of the carbon-containing and tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore according to claim 4, wherein the leaching rate of the carbon-containing and tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore is as follows: the bottom of the stirring tank used in S2 and S4 is provided with a microporous aeration plate for aeration.
6. The process for improving the leaching rate of the carbon-containing and tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore according to claim 5, wherein the leaching rate of the carbon-containing and tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore is characterized in that: and adding a sodium hydroxide solution into the stirring tank as a protective alkali during cyanidation in S4, wherein the pH value of the ore pulp is 10-11.
7. The process for improving the leaching rate of the carbon-containing and tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore according to claim 6, wherein the leaching rate of the carbon-containing and tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore is as follows: after cyaniding adsorption treatment in the S4, solid-liquid separation needs to be carried out on the gold-containing solution in the ore pulp and tailing pulp.
8. The process for improving the leaching rate of the carbon-containing and tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore according to claim 5, wherein the leaching rate of the carbon-containing and tellurium-containing refractory limestone type gold ore is characterized in that: the stirring tank comprises an aeration plate (1), an air pipe (2) and a stirring tank body (3), wherein the aeration plate (1) is installed at the bottom of the stirring tank body (3), the bottom of the aeration plate (1) is communicated with the air pipe (2), and the air pipe (2) is communicated with the outside.
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| CN114350973A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-15 | 中国地质科学院 | Pretreatment method of gold ore |
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| CN107794375A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2018-03-13 | 湖南有色金属研究院 | A kind of method that gold, silver are extracted from difficult low-grade pyrite cinder |
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| JP2004218001A (en) * | 2003-01-14 | 2004-08-05 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Treatment method for selenium and tellurium |
| CN101451192A (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-06-10 | 灵宝市金源矿业有限责任公司 | Comprehensive recovery method for directly cyanating and intensified leaching multi-metal gold ore concentrate |
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