CN112593073A - Method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings - Google Patents
Method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN112593073A CN112593073A CN202011288868.8A CN202011288868A CN112593073A CN 112593073 A CN112593073 A CN 112593073A CN 202011288868 A CN202011288868 A CN 202011288868A CN 112593073 A CN112593073 A CN 112593073A
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#[C-] MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005363 electrowinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/08—Obtaining noble metals by cyaniding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/20—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of noble metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings, which comprises the steps of firstly screening ores, conveying screened fine particles into a mixed ore bin through a powder ore belt conveyor, crushing coarse particles into a cone crusher, conveying the powder ore into a flotation tank, adding a collecting agent and a foaming agent into feed ore pulp, pumping the produced concentrate into a fine selection tank, primarily purifying the ore pulp, dehydrating the ore pulp in a thickener, absorbing gold by using alcohol after dehydrating the ore pulp, grinding the ore powder in the mixed ore bin through an ore grinding operation line, enabling the produced final ground ore product to have the diameter of 20 mu m, enabling the fine selection concentrate to automatically flow into a wet-process smelting plant for cyaniding, enabling tailings to return to a single-chamber flotation tank, enabling the tailings in the single-chamber flotation tank to automatically flow into a corresponding ball mill, enabling overflow to remove a desliming loop, enabling underflow to flow into the single-chamber flotation tank, and enabling the produced overflow to automatically flow into a tailing thickener. The invention relates to a method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings, which belongs to the field of valuable metal recovery and can be used for recovering valuable metals in the tin tailings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of valuable metal recovery, in particular to a method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings.
Background
The smelting method of tin mainly depends on the material composition of the concentrate and the content thereof. Generally, fire is used as the main method and wet is used as the auxiliary method. Modern tin production generally involves four main processes: smelting pretreatment, reduction smelting, slag smelting and crude tin refining. As the foundation of the pillar industry, tin resources are exploited and utilized in large quantities, the reserves are reduced year by year, the amount of tailings is increased at a surprising speed, and the loss and idle of the tailings occupy a large amount of land resources, pollute the environment and cause serious waste of resources. With the increasing shortage of tin ore resources, the tin tailings are recycled, and valuable components in the tin tailings are recovered, so that resource waste can be avoided, the environment can be protected, and potential safety hazards caused by tailing accumulation can be eliminated. The tin tailings in China have the characteristics of low grade, fine granularity, few easily-selected size fraction monomer particles, high mud content, complex mineral composition, high gangue content and the like, so that the useful minerals are very difficult to recover from the tin tailings.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings includes such steps as screening ore, conveying the fine particles to mixed ore cabin by powdered ore belt conveyer, crushing coarse particles in conic crusher, floatation, adding collector and foaming agent to feed ore pulp, pumping the ore pulp to concentrating tank, purifying, dewatering in thickening machine, and sucking gold by alcohol.
Preferably, the mineral powder in the mixed ore bin is ground by an ore grinding operation line, and the diameter of the produced final ore grinding product is 20 um.
Preferably, the concentrated concentrate automatically flows to a hydrometallurgy plant for cyanidation treatment, tailings return to a single-chamber flotation tank, tailings in the single-chamber flotation tank automatically flow into a corresponding ball mill, overflow is removed from a desliming loop, underflow automatically flows into the single-chamber flotation tank, produced overflow automatically flows into a tailings thickener, underflow is fed into a scavenging tank, the same reagent is added into the scavenging tank, and produced concentrate returns to the single-chamber flotation tank.
Preferably, the pulp is leached by sodium cyanide in the tank for 72h and then treated in the adsorption tank for 6h, the activated carbon and the pulp are in counter-current flow to produce gold-carrying carbon, and residual cyanide is destroyed by sulfur dioxide gas.
Preferably, the pulp is leached by sodium cyanide in the tank for 72h and then treated in the adsorption tank for 6h, the activated carbon and the pulp are in counter-current flow to produce gold-carrying carbon, and residual cyanide is destroyed by sulfur dioxide gas.
Preferably, the gold-loaded carbon is washed on a vibrating screen and then treated with acid to remove impurities, then the gold-loaded carbon is presoaked in strong alkaline cyanide solution to dissolve gold, the presoaked carbon is sent to an elutriation tank, the gold is absorbed by alcohol, the alcohol is distilled and recycled, the cyanide solution containing the gold is electrolyzed by aluminum foil to produce a gold cathode, the gold cathode is dealuminated by sodium causticized, washed and dried, and then the gold cathode is sent to an induction furnace to be smelted, and the produced gold and silver ingots are sold after being refined, wherein the gold color is 90-95%, and the silver color is 5-10%.
Preferably, the gold powder is desorbed by a solution containing 10 to 20 percent of alcohol, 1 percent of NaOH and 0.1 percent of NaCN for 6 hours at 80 ℃ and normal pressure, and is subjected to iron removal by hydrochloric acid, filtration and washing, and then is sent to smelting and ingot casting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the tin tailing ore can be ground to select useful components, valuable metals such as gold and silver contained in the tin tailing can be effectively recovered, the mineral separation index is good, the comprehensive recovery of valuable elements in low-grade ore can be realized, the recycling of the tin tailing can solve the problem of environmental pollution, resources can be saved, and the tin tailing can be recycled.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
A method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings includes such steps as screening ore, conveying the fine particles to mixed ore cabin by powdered ore belt conveyer, crushing coarse particles in conic crusher, floatation, adding collector and foaming agent to feed ore pulp, pumping the ore pulp to concentrating tank, purifying, dewatering in thickening machine, and sucking gold by alcohol.
In the embodiment, in order to extract valuable metals from mineral powder, the mineral powder in a mixed ore bin is ground by a grinding operation line, the diameter of the produced final ground product is 20 microns, concentrated concentrate automatically flows to a wet-process smeltery for cyanidation, tailings return to a single-chamber flotation tank, the tailings in the single-chamber flotation tank automatically flow into a corresponding ball mill, overflow flows to a desliming loop, underflow automatically flows into the single-chamber flotation tank, the produced overflow automatically flows into a tailing thickener, the underflow is fed into a scavenging tank, the same medicament is added into the scavenging tank, the produced concentrate returns to the single-chamber flotation tank, the water content of the dewatered concentrate is 35 percent and is lifted into a buffer tank at the speed of 2t/h, the slurry in the tank is lifted to a leaching tank by a variable speed centrifugal pump, a mass flowmeter and an ore slurry densimeter are arranged on the pump, the ore slurry is leached by sodium cyanide for 72h in the tank, the slurry is treated for 6h in an adsorption tank, and active carbon and the ore slurry, the gold-carrying carbon is produced, residual cyanide is destroyed by sulfur dioxide gas, the gold-carrying carbon is washed on a vibrating screen and then treated by acid to remove impurities, then the gold-carrying carbon is presoaked in strong alkaline cyanide solution to dissolve gold, the presoaked carbon is sent to an elutriation tank to absorb gold by alcohol, the gold is desorbed by 10% -20% alcohol and 1% NaOH + 0.1% NaCN solution at 80 ℃ and normal pressure for 6h, the gold powder after iron removal by hydrochloric acid and filtration washing is sent to smelting cast ingot, the ethanol is distilled and recycled, the cyanide solution containing the gold is electrolyzed by aluminum foil to produce a gold cathode, the gold cathode is dealuminized by sodium causticization, washing, drying and then sending to an induction furnace to smelting, the produced gold and silver cast ingot is sold after refining, the gold color is 90-95%, and the silver color is 5-10%.
The invention is a method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings, firstly screening the tin tailings, conveying screened fine particles into a mixed ore bin by a belt conveyer, feeding coarse particles into a cone crusher for re-crushing, conveying screened tailings into an ore grinding operation line, feeding ore powder into 2 ore grinding operation lines with the processing capacity of 187.5t/h, feeding the produced final ground ore product with the diameter of 20 microns, conveying the produced ore powder into a flotation tank, feeding the ore powder into the flotation tank, adding a collecting agent and a foaming agent into ore pulp feed, feeding 2 single-chamber flotation tanks into each ore grinding machine, feeding the produced ore concentrate into a concentration tank, automatically flowing the concentrated concentrate into a wet smelting plant for cyanidation, returning tailings to the single-chamber flotation tanks, automatically flowing the tailings in corresponding ball mills, and matching 2 groups of 30 cyclones 30 into a discharge pump of each ore grinding machine, the overflow goes to desliming loop, the underflow flows into the single-chamber flotation tank automatically, the desliming loop is composed of 2 groups of 40 cyclones 4, the produced overflow flows into the tailing thickener automatically, and the underflow is fed into the scavenging tank. Adding the same agent into a scavenging tank, returning the produced concentrate to a single-chamber flotation tank, primarily purifying ore pulp, dewatering the ore pulp in a thickener, controlling the water content of the dewatered concentrate to be 35%, raising the concentrate into a buffer tank at the speed of 2t/h, raising the ore pulp in the tank to a first tank of 4 leaching tanks connected in series by a variable speed centrifugal pump, leaching the ore pulp in the tank for 72h by using sodium cyanide, treating the ore pulp in an adsorption tank by using an activated carbon Davy Mckee carbon pulp method for 6h, leading the activated carbon to be in countercurrent with the ore pulp to produce gold-loaded carbon, destroying residual cyanide by using sulfur dioxide gas, washing the gold-loaded carbon on a vibrating screen, treating the gold-loaded carbon by using acid to remove impurities, presoaking in strongly alkaline cyanide solution to dissolve gold, sending the presoaked carbon to one tank of 2 Micron leaching tanks, sucking gold by using alcohol, distilling and recovering ethanol, electrolyzing the gold-containing cyanide solution to produce a gold cathode, and dealuminizing the gold cathode by using sodium, washing, drying, then sending into an induction furnace for smelting, and selling the produced gold and silver ingots after refining, wherein the gold color is 90-95%, and the silver color is 5-10%, and the principle process of the carbon slurry gold extraction process mainly comprises the operations of raw material preparation, stirring leaching, carbon countercurrent adsorption, gold-loaded carbon desorption, pregnant solution electrodeposition, ingot smelting, carbon regeneration and the like. The ore pulp after grinding and grading is sieved in advance to remove gravel and wood chips, then is concentrated to the solid content of 40-50%, cyaniding leaching is carried out, and the cyaniding ore pulp is sent to a carbon countercurrent adsorption system. The adsorption system generally comprises 4-6 adsorption tanks, and the ore pulp and the active carbon realize countercurrent flow through the screens among the tanks. The screen between the grooves can be a fixed screen or a vibrating screen. The carbon slurry process mainly adopts a fixed sieve, the carbon slurry is periodically lifted to a first tank by an air lifter, regenerated carbon or new carbon is added into a last adsorption tank, and gold-loaded carbon is periodically transferred to a desorption system from the first adsorption tank to carry out gold desorption and carbon regeneration. In the adsorption system, the active carbon and the ore pulp flow in a countercurrent mode. And (4) after the tail slurry after adsorption is checked, screened and recovered, and the leaked fine-grain gold-loaded carbon is sent to a tail slurry treatment process. After wood chips are removed and desliming is carried out on the gold-carrying carbon, gold and silver can be absorbed by an alcohol method, desorption is carried out for 6 hours by using a solution containing 10-20% of alcohol, 1% of NaOH and 0.1% of NaCN at 80 ℃ and normal pressure, and the pregnant solution obtained by desorption is delivered for electrodeposition. The electrowinning of the pregnant solution generally adopts a stainless steel plate anode and a steel wool cathode. Holes are drilled on the anode plate to enable the electrolyte to uniformly pass through, and steel wool is arranged in a detachable plastic frame with holes drilled on two sides of the cathode, wherein the density of the steel wool is 35g/L, so that the electrolyte can uniformly pass through and short circuit can be prevented. The ratio of gold to iron in the gold-carrying steel wool produced by electrodeposition is about 20: 1, gold powder after iron removal by hydrochloric acid, filtration and washing is sent to smelting and ingot casting, and the desorbed activated carbon is sent to regeneration operation after acid washing, alkali neutralization and water washing. Most plants are quenched after heating to 650 ℃ in an indirectly heated rotary kiln to restore the adsorptive activity of the activated carbon. After the regenerated active carbon is screened to remove fine carbon particles, water is added to prepare carbon slurry which is returned to the adsorption system for recycling. The charcoal regeneration can also be carried out by a shaft furnace or a multi-hearth furnace, and the charcoal can be heated by oil, coal gas or electricity. The gold-carrying carbon can also be washed by acid and then desorbed, 5 percent hydrochloric acid or nitric acid is used for washing the gold-carrying carbon, calcium carbonate passive film and calcium, silicon, zinc, nickel, iron, flotation reagent and other organic impurities on the surface of the carbon can be washed, and the washing process can be strengthened by heating. Washing the gold-loaded carbon after acid washing with water to neutrality, removing chlorine radicals or nitrate radicals, and then desorbing. The pollutants can be timely discharged out of the desorption electrodeposition system by acid washing and desorption, so that the surface activity of the activated carbon can be enhanced, and the adsorption rate of gold is improved.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps: screening ore, conveying screened fine particles into a mixed ore bin by a powder ore belt conveyor, crushing coarse particles in a cone crusher, conveying the powder ore into a flotation tank, adding a collecting agent and a foaming agent into feed ore pulp, pumping the produced concentrate into a fine selection tank, primarily purifying the ore pulp, dehydrating the ore pulp in a thickener, and absorbing gold by alcohol after the ore pulp is dehydrated.
2. The method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the mineral powder in the mixed ore bin is ground by an ore grinding operation line, and the diameter of the produced final ore grinding product is 20 mu m.
3. The method for recovering valuable metal minerals in the tin tailings as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the concentrated concentrate automatically flows to a wet-process smelting plant for cyanidation treatment, tailings return to a single-chamber flotation tank, the tailings in the single-chamber flotation tank automatically flow into a corresponding ball mill, overflow is carried out to remove a desliming loop, underflow automatically flows into the single-chamber flotation tank, the produced overflow automatically flows into a tailing thickener, the underflow is fed into a scavenging tank, the same reagent is added into the scavenging tank, and the produced concentrate returns to the single-chamber flotation tank.
4. The method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the water content of the dewatered concentrate is 35 percent, the concentrate is pumped into a buffer tank at the speed of 2t/h, the ore pulp in the tank is pumped into a leaching tank by a variable speed centrifugal pump, and a mass flowmeter and an ore pulp concentration meter are arranged on the pump.
5. The method for recovering valuable metal minerals in the tin tailings as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: leaching the ore pulp in the tank for 72h by using sodium cyanide, treating the ore pulp in the adsorption tank for 6h, carrying out countercurrent flow on the activated carbon and the ore pulp to produce gold-loaded carbon, and destroying residual cyanide by using sulfur dioxide gas.
6. The method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: washing gold-carrying carbon on a vibrating screen, treating the washed carbon with acid to remove impurities, presoaking the carbon in strong alkaline cyanide solution to dissolve gold, conveying the presoaked carbon to an elutriation tank, absorbing the gold with alcohol, distilling and recycling the ethanol, electrolyzing the cyanide solution containing the gold with aluminum foil to produce a gold cathode, dealuminizing the gold cathode with sodium causticide, washing, drying, conveying the washed and dried carbon to an induction furnace for smelting, and refining and selling the produced gold and silver ingots, wherein the gold color is 90-95% and the silver color is 5-10%.
7. The method for recovering valuable metal minerals in tin tailings according to claim 6, wherein the alcohol gold absorption method comprises the following steps: desorbing the gold powder by using a solution containing 10 to 20 percent of alcohol, 1 percent of NaOH and 0.1 percent of NaCN for 6 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ and under the normal pressure, and sending the gold powder subjected to iron removal by hydrochloric acid, filtration and washing to smelting and ingot casting.
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