CN112440754A - Vehicle-mounted charging system for electric automobile - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted charging system for electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN112440754A CN112440754A CN201910821565.9A CN201910821565A CN112440754A CN 112440754 A CN112440754 A CN 112440754A CN 201910821565 A CN201910821565 A CN 201910821565A CN 112440754 A CN112440754 A CN 112440754A
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
- B60L2210/42—Voltage source inverters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted charging system of an electric automobile, which comprises: the three-phase motor-driven generator comprises a three-phase power supply, a first three-phase motor, a first three-phase inverter, a second three-phase motor, a battery pack, a first contactor, a second contactor, a third contactor and a fourth contactor which are sequentially connected in series. The three-phase power supply comprises an upper power supply, a middle power supply and a lower power supply, and the first three-phase motor comprises an upper winding, a middle winding and a lower winding. One end of the first contactor is connected with the upper winding, and the other end of the first contactor is used for being connected with an upper power supply or a middle winding. One end of the second contactor is connected with the middle winding, and the other end of the second contactor is used for being connected with a middle power supply or the lower winding. One end of the third contactor is connected with a lower power supply, and the other end of the third contactor is connected with the lower winding. One end of the fourth contactor is connected with the battery pack, and the other end of the fourth contactor is connected with the second three-phase motor or the second three-phase inverter. The invention can complete the charging operation without additionally adding an inductor, and has the advantages of simple structure, small volume and low production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to a vehicle-mounted charging system of an electric automobile.
Background
With the decrease of fossil fuels and the aggravation of environmental problems, the global demand for clean and efficient energy sources is increasing. Compared with the traditional fuel oil automobile, the electric automobile has the characteristics of small emission and high energy conversion rate, and becomes an important direction for the development of the automobile industry. At present, an electric vehicle generally drives a motor by using an inverter, that is, high-voltage direct current output by a battery pack is converted into three-phase alternating current by the inverter and output to the motor.
The prior art charger generally comprises: the bidirectional dc converter, the control circuit, the inductor, and the like form a rectifier by using some components of the inverter during operation, and the external inductor charges the battery pack by using a single-phase ac power. When charging, the connection between the inverter and the three-phase winding of the motor needs to be cut off through the switch, the single-phase power supply is connected with the inverter through the inductor, and the single-phase power supply is converted into direct current through the rectifier to charge the battery pack.
The inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following problems:
the prior art has a complex structure, and an inductor needs to be additionally added, so that the charger has the disadvantages of complex structure, large volume and high production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a vehicle-mounted charging system of an electric automobile, which is used for simplifying the structure, reducing the volume and lowering the production cost and comprises the following components: the three-phase motor comprises a three-phase power supply, a first three-phase motor, a first three-phase inverter, a second three-phase motor and a battery pack which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the three-phase power supply comprises an upper power supply, a middle power supply and a lower power supply, and the first three-phase motor comprises an upper winding, a middle winding and a lower winding;
one end of the first contactor is connected with the upper winding, and the other end of the first contactor is used for being connected with the upper power supply or the middle winding;
one end of the second contactor is connected with the middle winding, and the other end of the second contactor is used for being connected with the middle power supply or the lower winding;
one end of the third contactor is connected with the lower power supply, and the other end of the third contactor is used for being connected with the lower winding;
one end of the fourth contactor is connected with the battery pack, and the other end of the fourth contactor is used for being connected with the second three-phase motor or the second three-phase inverter;
the first three-phase inverter and the second three-phase inverter respectively comprise three parallel-connected bridge arms, and each bridge arm is provided with two power devices which are connected in series up and down.
Optionally, the system further includes: a first capacitor and a second capacitor;
the first capacitor is connected with the first three-phase inverter in parallel;
the second capacitor is connected in parallel with the battery pack.
Optionally, the second capacitor is a filter capacitor.
Optionally, the system further includes: and two ends of the smoothing reactor are respectively used for being connected with the second three-phase motor and the fourth contactor.
Optionally, the power device includes: insulated gate bipolar transistors and diodes.
Optionally, three windings of the first three-phase motor are respectively connected to midpoints of three bridge arms of the first three-phase inverter.
Optionally, three windings of the second three-phase motor are respectively connected to midpoints of three bridge arms of the second three-phase inverter.
Optionally, the operation mode of the system includes: a motoring mode and a charging mode.
Optionally, when the system operates in the power-driven mode, the third contactor is opened;
the upper winding is connected with the middle winding through the first contactor;
the middle winding is connected with the lower winding through the second contactor;
the battery pack and the second three-phase inverter are connected through the fourth contactor.
Optionally, when the system operates in the charging mode, the upper winding is connected with the upper power supply through the first contactor;
the middle winding is connected with the middle power supply through the second contactor;
the lower winding is connected with the lower power supply through the third contactor;
and the battery pack is connected with the second three-phase motor through the fourth contactor.
In the embodiment of the invention, the double-motor system is formed by arranging the three-phase power supply, the first three-phase motor, the first three-phase inverter, the second three-phase motor and the battery pack which are sequentially connected in series, and has more excellent output performance. The electric mode and the charging mode can be realized by arranging the first contactor, the second contactor, the third contactor and the fourth contactor, controlling the connection relations of the first contactor, the second contactor, the third contactor, the three-phase power supply and the first three-phase motor and controlling the connection relations of the fourth contactor, the battery pack, the second three-phase inverter and the second three-phase motor. In conclusion, the charging operation can be completed without additionally adding an inductor, and the charging device is simple in structure, small in size and low in production cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a rectification control diagram of a bridge arm of a first three-phase inverter in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a charging control diagram of the second three-phase inverter in the embodiment of the invention.
The reference numbers are as follows:
1 a three-phase power supply, and a power supply,
101 is connected to the power supply of the circuit,
the power supply of the middle path 102 is,
103 the power supply is taken off the line,
2 a first three-phase motor for driving the motor,
201, the winding on the upper side of the coil,
202 of the winding of the motor vehicle,
203, the lower winding of the coil, and the lower winding of the coil,
3 a first three-phase inverter for converting the AC voltage into a DC voltage,
4 a second three-phase inverter for converting the AC voltage into a DC voltage,
5 a second three-phase motor, and a third three-phase motor,
6 a battery pack, wherein the battery pack is provided with a plurality of batteries,
7 a first contactor is arranged at the first side of the device,
8 of the second contact device, and 8 of the second contact device,
9 a third contact device for the third contact device,
10 a fourth contactor of the type described in the introduction,
11 a power device, wherein the power device is provided with a power supply,
12 a first capacitor, which is connected to the first capacitor,
13 a second capacitance of the second capacitor, wherein,
14 smoothing reactor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a vehicle-mounted charging system of an electric automobile, which comprises the following components as shown in the attached figure 1: the three-phase motor comprises a three-phase power supply 1, a first three-phase motor 2, a first three-phase inverter 3, a second three-phase inverter 4, a second three-phase motor 5, a battery pack 6, a first contactor 7, a second contactor 8, a third contactor 9 and a fourth contactor 10 which are sequentially connected in series. Wherein the three-phase power supply 1 includes an upper power supply 101, a middle power supply 102, and a lower power supply 103, and the first three-phase motor 2 includes an upper winding 201, a middle winding 202, and a lower winding 203. The first contactor 7 has one end connected to the upper winding 201 and the other end connected to the upper power source 101 or the middle winding 202. One end of the second contactor 8 is connected to the middle winding 202, and the other end is used for connecting to the middle power supply 102 or the lower winding 203. One end of the third contactor 9 is connected to the down power supply 103, and the other end is used for connecting to the lower winding 203. One end of the fourth contactor 10 is connected to the battery pack 6, and the other end is used for connecting to the second three-phase motor 5 or the second three-phase inverter 4. The first three-phase inverter 3 and the second three-phase inverter 4 respectively comprise three parallel-connected bridge arms, and each bridge arm is provided with two power devices 11 which are connected in series up and down.
Wherein the second three-phase motor 5 may be a permanent magnet motor.
The power device 11 includes: an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) and a Diode (VD).
The IGBT is a composite fully-controlled voltage-driven power semiconductor device composed of a BJT (bipolar transistor) and an MOS (insulated gate field effect transistor), and has the advantages of both high input impedance of the MOSFET and low conduction voltage drop of the GTR. Wherein, GTR saturation voltage is reduced, the current carrying density is high, but the driving current is large; the MOSFET has small driving power, high switching speed, large conduction voltage drop and small current carrying density. The IGBT integrates the advantages of the two devices, and has small driving power and reduced saturation voltage.
As shown in fig. 1, the connection relationships of the S1-S6 igbt and VD1-VD6 diodes of the first three-phase inverter 3 with the battery pack 6 and the first three-phase motor 2 are as follows:
S1collector electrode of (1), diode VD1Is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 6. S1Emitter, diode VD1With S2Collector electrode of (1), diode VD2And the midpoint of the bridge arm is led out therefrom to be connected with the winding of the first three-phase motor 2. S2Emission collector and diode VD2Is connected to the negative electrode of the battery 6. S3Collector electrode of (1), diode VD3Is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 6. S3Emitter, diode VD3With S4Collector electrode of (1), diode VD4Is connected with the cathode, and the midpoint of the bridge arm is led out from the cathode and is connected with the firstThe three-phase motor 2 is connected with the winding. S4Emission collector and diode VD4Is connected to the negative electrode of the battery 6. S5Collector electrode of (1), diode VD5Is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 6. S5Emitter, diode VD5With S6Collector electrode of (1), diode VD6And the midpoint of the bridge arm is led out therefrom to be connected with the winding of the first three-phase motor 2. S6Emission collector and diode VD6Is connected to the negative electrode of the battery 6.
The connection relationship between the second three-phase inverter 4, the battery pack 6, and the second three-phase motor 5 is the same as the above-described connection relationship.
The operation mode of the vehicle-mounted charging system of the electric automobile provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: a motoring mode and a charging mode.
When the system is in the motoring mode, the third contactor 9 is opened, the upper winding 201 and the middle winding 202 are connected by the first contactor 7, the middle winding 202 and the lower winding 203 are connected by the second contactor 8, and the battery pack 6 and the second three-phase inverter 4 are connected by the fourth contactor 10. At this time, the battery pack 6 is used for supplying power to the first three-phase inverter 3 and the second three-phase inverter 4, and the first three-phase inverter 3 and the second three-phase inverter 4 convert direct current into alternating current and transmit the alternating current to the first three-phase motor 2 and the second three-phase motor 5 respectively, so that the two motors are driven.
When the system operates in the charging mode, the upper winding 201 is connected to the upper power supply 101 by the first contactor 7, the middle winding 202 is connected to the middle power supply 102 by the second contactor 8, the lower winding 203 is connected to the lower power supply 103 by the third contactor 9, and the battery pack 6 is connected to the second three-phase motor 5 by the fourth contactor 10. At this time, the three arms of the first three-phase inverter 3 operate in a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) mode, the upper arm IGBTs of the three arms of the second three-phase inverter 4 are synchronously turned on or off, and the lower arm IGBTs are always turned off. (since the three-phase rectified voltage is higher than the battery charging voltage, a step-down is required to safely charge the battery pack 6. the legs of the first three-phase inverter 3 perform the rectifying function, and the legs of the second three-phase inverter 4 perform the step-down function, so that the lower legs of the second three-phase inverter 4 are always off while operating in the step-down function).
Specifically, in the charging mode, the second three-phase inverter 4 can realize three kinds of step-down modes: a single-phase buck mode, a two-phase parallel buck mode, and a three-phase parallel buck mode. Wherein, the single-phase working mode refers to that only the insulated gate bipolar transistor S is used7And S8Operating in a buck mode. Two-phase parallel depressurization refers to S alone7,S8,S9And S10Operating in a buck mode. Three-phase parallel connection means S7,S8,S9，S10，S11And S12The two three-phase inverter 4 works in a voltage reduction mode, a specific electric control diagram of the second three-phase inverter 4 in a charging mode refers to fig. 3, a reference charging voltage or a charging current is given according to a charging requirement, and a duty ratio is changed through a PI controller loop, so that the charging closed-loop control of the battery pack 6 is realized.
Specifically, when the first three-phase inverter 3 is operating in the charging mode, the unit power factor operation is achieved using a double closed loop based feed forward decoupling control. As shown in fig. 2, the outer ring adopts a direct-current voltage closed loop, and the inner ring adopts a dq-axis current inner ring (the dq axis is obtained by the first three-phase inverter 3 through three-phase to two-phase rotating direct-current conversion). Because the inner ring has dq axis coupling, decoupling is realized by adopting three PI controllers and feedforward control, and unit power factor operation is realized by controlling the current component of the dq axis to be 0.
The PI controller realizes the rectification function of a bridge arm of the first three-phase inverter 3 and converts three-phase alternating current into direct current. The direct current is subjected to voltage reduction and conversion and then supplies power to the battery pack 6.
The torque generated by current decoupling aiming at alternating current in the charging process of the first three-phase motor 2 is realized by adopting three PI controllers and feedforward components, and the motor 1 can be kept static by loosening a clutch and using devices such as a hand brake.
When the second three-phase inverter 4 operates in the charging mode, three power supply modes can be freely switched, and when a bridge arm fails, the second three-phase inverter can also operate in a single-phase or two-phase fault-tolerant charging mode.
According to the vehicle-mounted charging system for the electric vehicle, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, the three-phase power supply 1, the first three-phase motor 2, the first three-phase inverter 3, the second three-phase inverter 4, the second three-phase motor 5 and the battery pack 6 which are sequentially connected in series are arranged, so that a double-motor system is formed, and the vehicle-mounted charging system has more excellent output performance. The electric mode and the charging mode can be realized by arranging the first contactor 7, the second contactor 8, the third contactor 9 and the fourth contactor 10 and controlling the connection relations between the first contactor 7, the second contactor 8 and the third contactor 9 and the three-phase power supply 1 and the first three-phase motor 2 and between the fourth contactor 10 and the battery pack 6, the second three-phase inverter 4 and the second three-phase motor 5 respectively. In conclusion, the charging operation can be completed without additionally adding an inductor, and the charging device is simple in structure, small in size and low in production cost.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to store electric charge, as shown in fig. 1, the system further includes: a first capacitor 12 and a second capacitor 13. Wherein, the first capacitor 12 is connected in parallel with the first three-phase inverter 3; a second capacitor 13 is connected in parallel with the battery 6.
Further, the second capacitor 13 may be a filter capacitor. By using the filter capacitor, the alternating current ripple coefficient can be reduced, and the high-efficiency smooth direct current output is improved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the system further includes: smoothing reactor 14. Both ends of the smoothing reactor 14 are used for connection with the second three-phase motor 5 and the fourth contactor 10, respectively.
By arranging the smoothing reactor 14 and connecting the two ends of the smoothing reactor with the second three-phase motor 5 and the fourth contactor 10 respectively, current continuous work can be realized, the current ripple of the winding of the second three-phase motor 5 can be reduced by combining a synchronous pulse width modulation (namely PWM) mode at the moment, the loss of the second three-phase motor 5 is further reduced, and higher charging efficiency is obtained. Furthermore, since the charging current of the windings of the second three-phase electric machine 5 is direct current, the second three-phase electric machine 5 can be kept stationary.
The duty ratio of the PWM pulse is obtained by performing voltage closed-loop fast charging or current closed-loop trickle charging according to the charging requirement. The duty ratio adjusting range is wide, the voltage adjustment of 144V-576V can be realized, the voltage grade of most electric vehicles is met, and the international standard is met.
In summary, the invention realizes unit power factor operation based on double closed loop feedforward decoupling control, and aims at the problem of current interruption caused by too small inductance of a motor winding, a smoothing reactor 14 is additionally arranged on the side of an output direct current bus to realize a current continuous working mode, and synchronous Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is combined to reduce current ripples of a motor phase winding, so that the electromagnetic loss of the permanent magnet motor is reduced. Compared with the traditional vehicle-mounted charger, the dual-motor system of the invention shares two sets of inverters, sensors, controllers and permanent magnet motor windings which are inherent in the electric automobile, and an additional inductor is not needed, so the dual-motor system has lower cost, smaller volume and stronger performance. In addition, the charging and electric modes can be freely switched through the combination of the first contactor 7, the second contactor 8, the third contactor 9 and the fourth contactor 10, the charging system has three charging modes, namely a single-phase voltage reduction mode, a two-phase parallel voltage reduction mode and a three-phase parallel voltage reduction mode, the voltage regulation range is wide, and the charging voltage grade requirement of most electric automobile batteries is met.
In addition, aiming at staggered PWM control commonly used in the market, the synchronous PWM control with external inductive filtering is adopted, the continuous current mode of the direct current converter can be realized, the output current ripple is reduced by more than 85% compared with the traditional single-phase BUCK conversion circuit (namely, a BUCK circuit), the damage to the battery pack 6 is less, the service life of the battery pack 6 is longer, and the charging current ripple is lower, so that the winding loss of the permanent magnet motor can be reduced. Secondly, the invention adopts a multi-phase parallel inverter, and can obtain higher power factor.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an on-vehicle charging system of electric automobile which characterized in that includes: the three-phase motor comprises a three-phase power supply (1), a first three-phase motor (2), a first three-phase inverter (3), a second three-phase inverter (4), a second three-phase motor (5) and a battery pack (6) which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the three-phase power supply (1) comprises an upper power supply (101), a middle power supply (102) and a lower power supply (103), and the first three-phase motor (2) comprises an upper winding (201), a middle winding (202) and a lower winding (203);
a first contactor (7) having one end connected to the upper winding (201) and the other end connected to the upper power supply (101) or the middle winding (202);
a second contactor (8), one end of which is connected with the middle winding (202), and the other end of which is used for being connected with the middle power supply (102) or the lower winding (203);
one end of the third contactor (9) is connected with the down power supply (103), and the other end of the third contactor is used for being connected with the lower winding (203);
a fourth contactor (10) having one end connected to the battery pack (6) and the other end connected to the second three-phase motor (5) or the second three-phase inverter (4);
the first three-phase inverter (3) and the second three-phase inverter (4) respectively comprise three parallel-connected bridge arms, and each bridge arm is provided with two power devices (11) which are connected in series up and down.
2. The vehicle-mounted charging system for the electric vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising: a first capacitor (12) and a second capacitor (13);
the first capacitor (12) is connected in parallel with the first three-phase inverter (3);
the second capacitor (13) is connected in parallel with the battery pack (6).
3. The on-board charging system for electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that the second capacitor (13) is a filter capacitor.
4. The vehicle-mounted charging system for the electric vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising: and two ends of the smoothing reactor (14) are respectively used for being connected with the second three-phase motor (5) and the fourth contactor (10).
5. The charging system on board an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that said power device (11) comprises: insulated gate bipolar transistors and diodes.
6. The on-board charging system for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the three windings of the first three-phase electric machine (2) are connected to the middle points of the three legs of the first three-phase inverter (3), respectively.
7. The on-board charging system for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the three windings of the second three-phase electric machine (5) are connected to the middle points of the three legs of the second three-phase inverter (4), respectively.
8. The vehicle-mounted charging system for electric vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the operation mode of the system comprises: a motoring mode and a charging mode.
9. The charging system on board an electric vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that when the system operates in electric mode, said third contactor (9) is open;
the upper winding (201) is connected with the middle winding (202) through the first contactor (7);
the middle winding (202) and the lower winding (203) are connected through the second contactor (8);
the battery pack (6) and the second three-phase inverter (4) are connected through the fourth contactor (10).
10. The vehicle-mounted charging system for the electric vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that when the system operates in a charging mode, the upper winding (201) is connected with the on-line power supply (101) through the first contactor (7);
the middle winding (202) is connected with the middle power supply (102) through the second contactor (8);
the lower winding (203) is connected with the down power supply (103) through the third contactor (9);
the battery pack (6) is connected with the second three-phase motor (5) through the fourth contactor (10).
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| CN201910821565.9A CN112440754A (en) | 2019-09-02 | 2019-09-02 | Vehicle-mounted charging system for electric automobile |
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| CN201910821565.9A CN112440754A (en) | 2019-09-02 | 2019-09-02 | Vehicle-mounted charging system for electric automobile |
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