CN112436582A

CN112436582A - Chain type composite self-energy supply device and marine organism sensing system

Info

Publication number: CN112436582A
Application number: CN202011257706.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 柳长昕; 曲广皓; 刘健豪; 李华安; 曲致雨; 马科飞; 黄哲; 徐敏义; 潘新祥
Original assignee: Dalian Maritime University
Current assignee: Dalian Maritime University
Priority date: 2020-11-11
Filing date: 2020-11-11
Publication date: 2021-03-02
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-11
Also published as: CN112436582B

Abstract

The invention provides a chain type composite self-powered device and a marine organism sensing system. Wherein the chain is compound from power supply unit includes: a plurality of thermoelectric power generation parts and water flow friction nanometer power generation parts which are connected at intervals through waterproof films; the thermoelectric generation part comprises a P-type micro thermoelectric arm, an N-type micro thermoelectric arm, an upper polar plate and a lower polar plate, wherein the upper surface of the upper polar plate is in contact with the inner side wall of a waterproof layer with good thermal conductivity; the water flow friction nano power generation part comprises an electropositive film, an electronegative film, a positive plate and a negative plate, wherein the positive plate is arranged below the electropositive film, and the negative plate is arranged below the electronegative film. The invention utilizes the temperature difference between the organism and the seawater and the flowing energy of the seawater, effectively combines the micro-nano energy technology, improves the power generation efficiency, and has the advantages of long endurance, simple structure and strong practicability.

Description

Chain type composite self-energy supply device and marine organism sensing system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of micro-nano energy self-energy supply and electrical control, in particular to a chain type composite self-energy supply device and a marine organism sensing system.

Background

With the vigorous construction and popularization of the 5G communication network, many industries face the iterative upgrade of the whole informatization by relying on the 5G network. Compared with the prior communication network, the 5G network improves not only the simple communication speed, but also more importantly, the 5G network improves the cross-level on the aspects of low time delay, ultra-low power consumption, multi-terminal compatibility and the like. Due to such future 5G applications, the explosive development of the "everything interconnection" technology may be promoted. Meanwhile, the demand of the sensor for energy is also increased explosively, and the development of the Internet of things industry is not supported enough only by the energy supply of a battery. As sensor technologies, wireless communication technologies, microelectronic technologies, and embedded application technologies have matured, wireless sensor networks have also developed rapidly. By utilizing the wireless sensor network, the monitoring of physical conditions, environmental conditions, biological information and the like in the deployed area can be realized. The wireless sensor network can be deployed rapidly and has the advantages of self-organization, high fault tolerance rate and strong concealment, so that the wireless sensor network can be suitable for application occasions such as ocean detection, environment monitoring, ship monitoring and the like. With the coming of the internet of things age of 'everything interconnection', the monitoring and exploration of the ocean by the marine organisms and the blue energy sources can be further developed.

The marine organism sensing device used at present mainly uses a storage battery as a power supply to work, and because marine organisms have the characteristics of flexibility, large quantity, wide distribution range and complex living environment, the continuous work of the marine organism sensing device is not practical to maintain by regularly replacing the battery, so the cruising ability of the battery becomes a main factor for limiting the exploration of life habits of oceans and marine organisms, marine environment and the like. Generally, it is necessary to periodically replace the battery of the sensor in order to maintain the normal operation of the device, but the inconvenience of capturing marine life, the large activity range, and the like make it impossible to replace the battery of the device, resulting in problems of high cost of marine life tracking, shortened battery life, environmental pollution, and the like.

At present, the energy supply modes of the self-energy supply device mainly comprise solar power generation, temperature difference power generation, friction nanometer power generation, a chemical energy battery and a fuel battery. The service life of the battery is short by utilizing the chemical energy battery and the fuel cell for one-time power supply, long-term power supply can be realized by utilizing the micro-nano energy to provide energy for a low-power-consumption system, and the power density is not changed along with the time. By utilizing the temperature difference between the body temperature of marine organisms and the temperature in the marine environment and the water flow energy in the marine environment, the thermoelectric material and the friction nano power generation material can be respectively adopted to realize a simple energy conversion structure under the condition of not using an external power supply, so as to supply power for the marine organism sensing device.

In conclusion, the micro temperature difference power generation device can play a significant role in an environment with stable temperature difference, and the water flow friction nano power generation device can play a significant role in an environment with marine organism movement. When marine organisms live in the sea normally, the temperature difference between the body temperature of the marine organisms and the sea water is stable, so that a sufficient temperature difference can be provided for the TEG device. When moving in the ocean, the marine organisms and the water flow form obvious relative movement, and the huge water flow can provide a sufficient water flow source for a water flow friction nano generator device (Flu-TENG). With the further exploration of marine organisms by human beings, the micro temperature difference power generation device and the friction nanometer power generation device can provide continuous and stable electric energy for marine organism sensing equipment, and promote the further exploration of the marine position field and organisms by human beings, so that a self-energy supply device integrating the advantages of the micro temperature difference power generation device and the friction nanometer power generation device is needed to be provided, and the strong national strategy of the marine in China is promoted to be further implemented.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a chain type composite self-powered device and a marine organism sensing system. The heat energy based mainly on marine bioenergy TEG and current friction TENG (Flu-TENG) realizes the multi-energy complementation with the current energy.

The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:

a chained composite self-powered device comprising: a plurality of thermoelectric power generation parts and water flow friction nanometer power generation parts which are connected at intervals through waterproof films;

the thermoelectric generation part comprises a P-type micro thermoelectric arm, an N-type micro thermoelectric arm, an upper polar plate and a lower polar plate, wherein the P-type micro thermoelectric arm and the N-type micro thermoelectric arm are arranged in parallel, a cold junction of the P-type micro thermoelectric arm and a cold junction of the N-type micro thermoelectric arm are both connected with the lower surface of the upper polar plate, a hot junction of the P-type micro thermoelectric arm and a hot junction of the N-type micro thermoelectric arm are both connected with the upper surface of the lower polar plate, and the upper surface of the upper polar plate is in contact with the inner side wall of a waterproof layer with good thermal conductivity;

the water flow friction nano power generation part comprises an electropositive film, an electronegative film, a positive plate and a negative plate, wherein the positive plate is arranged below the electropositive film, the negative plate is arranged below the electronegative film, and the positions, corresponding to the electropositive film and the electronegative film, of the waterproof film are arranged in a hollow manner, so that the electropositive film and the electronegative film can be contacted with water flow.

Further, the thermoelectric generation part is arranged in the device in an array form.

Further, each of the thermoelectric generation parts is connected in series by a wire.

Further, the water flow friction nano power generation parts are connected in parallel through a lead.

A marine organism sensing system comprises an energy storage unit, an energy control unit, a sensor unit and at least one chain type composite self-powered device as described in any one of the above items; the chain type composite self-powered device charges the energy storage unit according to a control instruction of the energy control unit, and the energy storage unit is used for supplying power to the sensor unit.

Furthermore, the energy storage unit comprises rechargeable batteries which are mutually standby, and the rechargeable batteries are all provided with battery protection modules.

Further, the energy control unit mainly includes:

the energy collecting module is used for collecting electric energy generated by the temperature difference power generation part and the water flow friction nanometer power generation part;

a load switch for controlling the flow of energy;

and a microprocessor for controlling the action of the load switch.

Furthermore, a positioning port of the microprocessor is connected with a satellite positioning module, and a communication port is connected with a communication module.

Furthermore, the load switch is connected with the voltage conversion module, so that the electric energy provided by the energy storage unit can meet different load requirements.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the water flow TENG structure and the marine organism energy TENG structure of the belt-shaped chain type energy acquisition part are in flexible step-shaped mixed chain type arrangement, and the chain type self-energy supply device transmits the collected electric energy to the energy storage and energy control unit to supply power to an internal load.

2. According to the invention, a waterproof layer is attached to the cold end of the TEG structure, and the waterproof layer is in direct contact with seawater. The two films with different charge affinities of the TENG structure are also directly exposed in a seawater environment, seawater in the environment flows to accelerate heat dissipation of the cold junction of the TENG structure on the basis of keeping the cold junction of the TENG structure in a low-temperature environment, temperature difference of the cold and hot ends of thermoelectric materials of the TENG structure is further enlarged, and power generation efficiency of the TENG structure is improved.

In conclusion, the band-shaped chain type self-powered marine organism sensing device based on the heat energy and water flow energy multi-energy complementation of the marine organism energy TEG and the water flow friction type TENG solves the problem of endurance of the biological sensing device in the prior art.

For the above reasons, the present invention can be widely applied to the field of biological detection.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a chain type composite self-powered device of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the chain type composite self-powered device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the chain type composite self-powered device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the marine organism sensing system of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the hardware arrangement position in the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the marine organism sensing system mounted on a dolphin according to the embodiment.

In the figure: 1. an electropositive thin film; 2. an upper polar plate; 3. a P-type micro-thermoelectric arm; 4. an N-type micro thermoelectric arm; 5. a waterproof layer; 6. a waterproof film; 7. an electronegative film; 8. a lower polar plate; 9. packaging the device; 10. a housing; 11. an internal circuit; 12. a wire conduit.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a chain type composite self-powered device, comprising: a plurality of thermoelectric generation parts and water flow friction nanometer generation parts which are connected at intervals through waterproof films 6. A thermoelectric generation part and a water flow friction nano-generation part which are adjacent form a composite function working group, as shown in A in figure 1.

The thermoelectric generation part comprises a P-type miniature thermoelectric arm 3, an N-type miniature thermoelectric arm 4, an upper polar plate 2 and a lower polar plate 8, the P-type miniature thermoelectric arm 3 and the N-type miniature thermoelectric arm 4 are arranged in parallel, a cold junction of the P-type miniature thermoelectric arm 3 and a cold junction of the N-type miniature thermoelectric arm 4 are both connected with the lower surface of the upper polar plate 2, a hot junction of the P-type miniature thermoelectric arm 3 and a hot junction of the N-type miniature thermoelectric arm 4 are both connected with the upper surface of the lower polar plate 8, and the upper surface of the upper polar plate 2 is in contact with the inner side wall of a waterproof layer 5 with good thermal conductivity.

Specifically, the P-type micro thermoelectric arms 3 and the N-type micro thermoelectric arms 4 are arranged in an array below the waterproof layer, and the flexible lead pipeline 12 is laid in the middle of the multiple groups of array arrangement structures. Each micro thermoelectric arm is embedded between the bottom and top waterproof layers 5. The bottom waterproof layer 5 can ensure that the hot end nodes are not invaded by water flow. On the contrary, the cold junction is laminated with the waterproof layer, carries out the cold junction heat dissipation through rivers. The bottom and top cavities are sealed with high vacuum, which serves to reduce heat loss via conduction and convection from the water flow. By such a design, a planar thermocouple can obtain a higher temperature difference in the vertical direction. In addition, the heat dissipation metal level contacts with marine environment, and on the flow of water kept marine organism on the basis of TEG structure cold junction low temperature environment, the temperature of sea water can reduce along with the increase of ocean depth simultaneously, has consequently further increased the difference in temperature in thermoelectric material cold and hot side, has improved TEG's generating efficiency. Further, each of the thermoelectric generation parts is connected in series by a wire.

The water flow friction nano power generation part comprises an electropositive film 1, an electronegative film 7, a positive plate arranged below the electropositive film 1 and a negative plate arranged below the electronegative film, wherein the positions, corresponding to the electropositive film 1 and the electronegative film 7, of the waterproof film 6 are arranged in a hollow manner, so that the electropositive film 1 and the electronegative film 7 can be contacted with water flow. In the Flu-TENG structure, films in contact with water flow are respectively made of films with different charges, a plurality of groups of leads led out from a polar plate below the films are connected in parallel with the inside of an external interface, under the action of the water flow, a negative electric film attracts positive ions in water, a positive electric film attracts negative ions in the water, surface charges with opposite signs are formed on a thin copper sheet at the bottom, when the flow rate is changed, a reverse potential difference is generated to balance an electric field, and electrons can flow back.

Further, the water flow friction nano power generation parts are connected in parallel through a lead. Preferably, the flexible waterproof membrane (6) is made of silicon or other materials to form a hollow columnar structure.

The whole chain type composite self-powered device is waterproof and sealed, and an external interface is reserved on the side of the device and used for transmitting the collected energy out.

The invention also provides a marine organism sensing system which comprises an energy storage unit, an energy control unit, a sensor unit and at least one chain type composite self-powered device as described in any one of the above; the chain type composite self-powered device charges the energy storage unit according to a control instruction of the energy control unit, and the energy storage unit is used for supplying power to the sensor unit. Wherein the energy control unit mainly comprises: the energy collecting module is used for collecting electric energy generated by the temperature difference power generation part and the water flow friction nanometer power generation part; a load switch for controlling the flow of energy; and a microprocessor for controlling the action of the load switch. The energy storage unit comprises rechargeable batteries which are mutually standby, and the rechargeable batteries are all provided with battery protection modules.

The solution of the invention is further illustrated by the following specific application examples.

In this embodiment, a dolphin carries the biosensing system of the present invention as an example. The system utilizes the body temperature of the dolphin and the water flow energy generated during movement in the sea to provide electric energy for marine organism sensing equipment, so that the self-energy supply of a marine organism and environment monitoring device is realized, the water flow energy generated by the movement of the dolphin in the water can provide stable water flow energy for a water flow friction nano generator, meanwhile, the body temperature of the dolphin can provide stable heat energy for a TEG hot end node of the marine organism, the temperature of the seawater in the sea can cool the temperature of a cold end of the TEG, the cold end node is always kept on the basis of the low-temperature environment of the seawater, and meanwhile, the temperature of the seawater can be reduced along with the increase of the depth of the sea, so that the temperature difference of the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric material is further increased, and the. In addition, the dolphin can jump out of the water surface once every 10 to 12 minutes, and great convenience is provided for the energy storage control center to send data.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the system includes an energy storage unit, an energy control unit, a sensor unit, and a chain type composite self-powered device.

The chain type composite self-power supply device comprises a thermoelectric generation part and a water flow friction nanometer generation part. Wherein two kinds of chain links up of receiving the energy device a little is accomplished through adhering to on waterproof film, and wherein miniature thermoelectric generation portion bottom has the miniature thermoelectric arm of P type and the miniature thermoelectric arm of N type that multiunit formation array was arranged, lays flexible wire pipeline in the middle of multiunit array arrangement structure by the miniature thermoelectric arm of P type with the thermocouple both ends that the miniature thermoelectric arm of N type constitutes are equipped with waterproof layer and polar plate respectively, the cold junction of the miniature thermoelectric arm of P type with the cold junction of the miniature thermoelectric arm of N type with the inside wall contact of the waterproof layer that has good heat conductivity, still be equipped with under the waterproof layer and be used for with the polar plate of cold junction contact. The structure that the friction nanometer of rivers sends out portion is banded flexible construction, includes: a film with positive electric property and a film with negative electric property on the upper surface of the device, and a metal plate arranged below the two films. Under the action of water flow, the films with different electronegativities attract the positive ions and the negative ions in the seawater to form a potential difference. The miniature self-powered device transmits the electric energy collected by the upper electrode 2 and the lower electrode 8 to an energy storage control center through leads respectively arranged on the upper electrode 2 and the lower electrode 8.

The internal circuit 11 mainly comprises an energy storage unit, an energy control unit and a sensor unit which are all packaged in a waterproof corrosion-resistant shell 10, and the exterior of the shell is also provided with a streamline-shaped semi-arc package 9 with the outermost surface toughness. The buffer liquid is filled between the housing 10 and the package 9. And an external interface used for connecting with a control center is reserved at the bottom side of the tail part of the encapsulation 9. The energy control unit mainly comprises a voltage conversion module, a weak energy collecting chip, a rectifying and filtering circuit, a microprocessor and a load switch. The energy storage unit mainly comprises a battery protection module and a battery.

In this embodiment, the energy that chain complex self-power device will gather is carried energy storage and energy control unit through the connecting wire, at first marine organism can TEG and rivers friction TENG's electric current pass through voltage conversion module and rectifier filter circuit respectively again through weak energy collection chip for battery charging 2, when battery 2 charges, supply power for the load by battery 1, prevent and treat that the battery overshoots through battery protection module, when battery 1 is not enough to provide the electric energy, microprocessor control load switch switches over to battery 2 and supplies power for the load, battery 1 begins to charge this moment, with this circulation is reciprocal, the high efficiency of having realized the circuit lasts self-power output.

Furthermore, the microprocessor is also connected with a satellite positioning module, a communication module, an electric protection module and the like.

The embodiment provides a band-shaped chain type self-energy supply device and a marine organism sensing system based on multi-energy complementation of heat energy and water flow energy of marine organism energy TEG and water flow friction type TENG (Flu-TENG). From energy supply device upper surface adoption rivers friction nanometer generator and the mixed array structure of film thermoelectric generation device, the film of two kinds of different charge affinities can attract the anion and cation in aquatic to produce voltage under marine life's and sea water relative movement's effect, utilize the space between every group TEG to lay the wire, the lower surface is direct to form stable hot junction with marine life skin contact, the upper surface contact sea water forms the cold junction, thermoelectric material cold and hot end has generated stable temperature difference and has improved thermoelectric generation efficiency greatly. The whole energy band-shaped acquisition part is sealed in a waterproof mode, and an external interface is reserved on the side of the whole energy band-shaped acquisition part and used for transmitting the acquired energy to an energy storage control center. The surface of an energy storage control center part of the sensing system is packaged by a waterproof material with toughness, a buffer solution is filled between an internal circuit packaging part and an outer side surface, and a voltage conversion module, a weak energy collecting chip, a rectifying and filtering circuit, a load switch, a battery protection module, a battery, a microprocessor, a satellite positioning module, a communication module, an electric protection module and other main sensors are arranged inside the circuit packaging. And a circuit external interface is reserved at the tail part, and the two core units are connected through the external interface, so that the distance is not limited, and the corresponding position and distance can be adjusted according to the characteristics of different marine organisms.

Energy storage and energy control unit are carried through the connecting wire to the energy that banded chain energy collection system will gather, at first marine organism can TEG and rivers friction TENG's electric current pass through voltage conversion module and rectification filter circuit respectively again through weak energy collection chip for battery charging 2, when battery 2 charges, supply power for the load by battery 1, prevent and treat that the battery overshoots overdischarging through battery protection module, when battery 1 is not enough to provide the electric energy, microprocessor control load switch switches over to battery 2 and supplies power for the load, battery 1 begins to charge this moment, with this circulation is reciprocal, the high efficiency of having realized the circuit lasts self-powered output.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chain type composite self-powered device is characterized by comprising: a plurality of thermoelectric power generation parts and water flow friction nanometer power generation parts which are connected at intervals through waterproof films;

2. The chain type composite self-powered device according to claim 1, wherein the thermoelectric generation parts are arranged in an array inside the device.

3. The chain type composite self-power-supplying device according to claim 1, wherein the thermoelectric generation parts are connected in series by a wire.

4. The chain type composite self-powered device according to claim 1, wherein the water flow friction nano-power generation parts are connected in parallel through a wire.

5. A marine organism sensing system, comprising an energy storage unit, an energy control unit, a sensor unit and at least one chain type composite self-powered device according to any one of claims 1 to 4; the chain type composite self-powered device charges the energy storage unit according to a control instruction of the energy control unit, and the energy storage unit is used for supplying power to the sensor unit.

6. The marine organism sensing system according to claim 5, wherein the energy storage unit comprises rechargeable batteries that are backup to each other, the rechargeable batteries being each provided with a battery protection module.

7. The marine organism sensing system of claim 5, wherein the energy control unit consists essentially of:

a load switch for controlling the flow of energy;

and a microprocessor for controlling the action of the load switch.

8. The marine organism sensing system of claim 7, wherein the positioning port of the microprocessor is connected to a satellite positioning module and the communication port is connected to a communication module.

9. The marine organism sensing system of claim 5, wherein the load switch is connected to the voltage conversion module to enable the electrical energy provided by the energy storage unit to meet different load requirements.