CN112434393B - Marketing water meter positioning method using hundred-degree map API and ArcGIS - Google Patents
Marketing water meter positioning method using hundred-degree map API and ArcGIS Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A marketing water meter positioning method utilizing hundred-degree map API and ArcGIS belongs to the technical field of municipal engineering pipe network information. The method comprises the steps of manually positioning a large-user marketing water meter, accessing a hundred-degree map API (application program interface) forward/reverse geocoding interface, obtaining hundred-degree map data of a small-user marketing water meter, and generating a layer; converting the hundred-degree coordinate system water meter layer into a WGS_1984 coordinate system water meter layer, and projecting the WGS_1984 coordinate data under the Beijing_1954 coordinate system; according to the coordinate deviation of the known key position points in the GIS of the pipe network under the local coordinate system and the coordinate deviation of the known key position points in the GIS of the pipe network under the Beijing 1954 coordinate system, carrying out first average deviation on the water table layer; and selecting a special point, comparing the pipeline GIS of the point with a hundred-degree map, selecting an expected position, calculating deviation, and performing secondary fine offset to realize batch positioning. The method realizes small average distance error of positioning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a method for positioning coordinate-free marketing water meters in a pipe network model in batches by using a hundred-degree map API and an ArcGIS platform according to marketing water meter address information based on the requirement of constructing a hydraulic model of a municipal water supply pipe network, and belongs to the technical field of municipal engineering pipe network information.
Background
Water supply network systems are an important infrastructure of cities. With the rapid development of the economy and the continuous expansion of the scale of urban construction in China, the water supply network system is increasingly complex, the carried information amount is also increasingly increased, and the method for maintenance, operation and management by experience cannot meet the requirements of management science and modernization. Along with the development of pipe network information technology, the establishment of a water supply pipe network hydraulic model has become a modern technical method for the urban water supply department to conduct pipe network planning, operation management and optimal scheduling, and is an important development direction of the development of the urban water supply system modern management technology.
The hydraulic model of the water supply network is a tool for realizing hydraulic simulation of a real pipe network system by taking a computer software system as a technical platform, building a network topological structure through basic data such as pipelines, water sources and the like, adding node water consumption information through a user charging water meter of a marketing system, and finally determining hydraulic parameters of each component part of the pipe network through solving a basic equation set of the pipe network.
In the pipe network hydraulic model building process, node water quantity distribution is an important working step and is also an important factor for determining model accuracy. When the WaterGEMs platform is used for constructing a water supply network hydraulic model, marketing water meter water quantity data can be distributed in the model in a mode of point load data through a billing device set, a nearest node or a nearest pipeline by utilizing a water demand loading tool, the method is simple, convenient and quick, meanwhile, the reliability is verified through engineering practice, but the premise of using the method is that a complete marketing water meter positioning map layer is needed.
Most marketing water meters usually have no automatic positioning function through meter reading and charging, and a marketing system records address information of the water meters but does not have clear water meter coordinate data under a local coordinate system, so that complete marketing water meter layer files cannot be directly obtained. In this case, it is necessary to locate the marketing water meter in the local coordinate system based on the address information to ensure that the water distribution in the subsequent model is successful. The positioning under the local coordinate system is because the planning and the design of the urban pipe network system are completed under the local coordinate system, and the relative correctness of the position can be ensured only by positioning the water meter under the same coordinate system. The patent provides a technology for positioning the coordinate-free marketing water meters in batches into a pipe network model by using a hundred-degree map API and an ArcGIS platform according to the marketing water meter address information, and meanwhile, the technology also relates to fuzzy conversion of a standard projection coordinate system and a local coordinate system because the clear conversion relation of the local coordinate system is not externally disclosed, and finally positioning of the marketing water meters under the local coordinate system is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that marketing water meters commonly occurring in the water distribution process of a water supply network hydraulic model have no complete layer information and influence automatic distribution of user water quantity data in the model, and provides a method for realizing quick batch positioning of the water meters by utilizing a hundred-degree map API and an ArcGIS platform to obtain marketing water meter coordinate information in batches according to address information.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for using hundred-degree map API and ArcGIS platform to position the coordinate-free marketing water meter into pipe network model in batches according to marketing water meter address information includes using image similarity of hundred-degree map and pipe network GIS to position large user marketing water meter occupying less area manually, using python language to access forward/reverse geocoding of hundred-degree map API, obtaining longitude and latitude coordinate data of hundred-degree map in batches according to small user marketing water meter address information, and generating small user marketing water meter dot diagram layer; the coordinate conversion tool written in the arcpy site package of the ArcGIS is called by using the python language to realize the automatic conversion from the hundred-degree coordinate system water meter layer to the WGS_1984 coordinate system water meter layer, and the ArcGIS projection toolbox is utilized to project the WGS_1984 coordinate data under the Beijing_1954 coordinate system; according to the deviation of the coordinates of the known key position points (up, middle, down, left and right) in the pipe network GIS under the local coordinate system and the coordinates of the Beijin_1954 coordinate system, carrying out first average deviation on the water table layer; and selecting a special position point in the to-be-positioned points, comparing the pipeline GIS of the point with a hundred-degree map, selecting the expected position of the point, calculating deviation, carrying out secondary fine offset on the water meter layer according to the deviation, and finally realizing batch positioning of the coordinate-free water meters under a local coordinate system.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Address information standardization processing;
firstly, the address information of the water meter provided by the marketing system is standardized as accurately as possible according to the province/city/district/street/house number, so that more accurate positioning can be performed.
(2) Manually positioning a large user marketing water meter;
the water content exceeds 1000m 3 Marketing water meter of/h belongs to big user water meterThe position of (2) has a very important influence on the accuracy of the distribution of the water volume in the model, it should be ensured that its positioning in the model is as accurate as possible and that in general the number of large users is not great, so that it is preferable to position this part of the water meter manually. Municipal water supply network is usually laid along the road, so the network GIS has great similarity with the local hundred-degree map in the graph, the specific position of the large user is manually searched by utilizing the hundred-degree map according to the water meter address information, the position displayed by the hundred-degree map is compared with the network GIS in detail, and the optimal position of the large user water meter can be manually determined.
(3) Accessing a hundred-degree map API forward/reverse geocoding service, and obtaining the hundred-degree coordinates of the marketing water meters in batches;
(3.1) creating a hundred-degree map API platform key, entering an official website of a hundred-degree map open platform to create an account, then creating a new application in application management, starting a forward/reverse geocoding service, and obtaining a key AK;
and (3.2) constructing an access website URL according to marketing water meter address information and a forward/reverse geocoding service webpage of the hundred-degree map by using a python language, and acquiring the hundred-degree coordinates of the small-user marketing water meter in batches by using the acquired AK, wherein the free limit of the AK is 30 ten thousand times per day, so that the requirement of positioning quantity can be basically met.
(4) Converting a coordinate system;
(4.1) generating a dot pattern layer file of the marketing water meter under a coordinate-free system by using ArcGIS according to the hundred-degree coordinates of the obtained marketing water meter, and naming the dot pattern layer file as baidu. Shp;
(4.2) conversion of the hundred degrees coordinate system to the wgs_1984 coordinate system;
using python language to call a coordinate conversion tool prepared by site package arcpy of ArcGIS to realize conversion from hundred-degree coordinate system to WGS_1984 coordinate system;
wgs_1984 is a geodetic coordinate system, and is also a coordinate system used by the GPS global satellite positioning system widely used at present. Gcj_02 is the coordinate system of the geographic information system formulated by the national survey and drawing bureau of china, which is the coordinate system of wgs_1984 after encryption, commonly known as the mars coordinate system. Bd_09 is a hundred degree coordinate system obtained by encrypting again on the basis of the gcj_02 coordinate system. The positive/negative geocoding service input/output coordinate type is bd_09. The procedure for converting the hundred degree coordinates of the marketing water meter into wgs_1984 coordinates is therefore: bd_09→gcj_02→wgs_1984;
(4.3) the WGS_1984 coordinate system is projected down to the Beijing_1954 coordinate system;
the specific projection steps are as follows: opening an ArcGIS toolbox, a data management tool, projecting and transforming, projecting, and sequentially filling an input data set, an input coordinate system, an output data set and an output coordinate system according to requirements.
Finally, the projected layer is found, the layer is found out in the drawing, the attribute table of the layer is opened, the fields X and Y are added, and the projected coordinates are calculated into X and Y respectively by using a calculation geometry function.
(5) Shifting the water table layer under the bearing_1954 coordinate system;
(5.1) a first average offset;
a part of users using remote water meters exist in a water supply network, the users have coordinate information, five key points which can be used for positioning are selected from the upper, lower, left, right and middle of the users distributed in a model, hundred-degree coordinates are obtained from a hundred-degree online map through address information and then are converted into WGS (wireless telecommunication system) 1984 coordinates by using a (4.2) coordinate conversion tool, then the coordinates are projected in Beijing 1954 by adopting a (4.3) step to obtain a specific_beijing 1954.Shp map layer, corresponding coordinate X and Y values, and average deviations of X and Y and the coordinates X_local and Y_local under a local coordinate system are recorded as e x And e y ：
Wherein 1,2,3,4,5 correspond to five key points of up, down, left, right, and middle.
And (3) carrying out X and Y coordinate recalculation on the bearing_1954. Shp layer according to the calculated average deviation to obtain X_mov1 and Y_mov1:
finally, the first average offset post-dot pattern layer beijing_1954_move1.Shp is obtained according to the offset post-coordinates X_mov1 and Y_mov1.
(5.2) a second refinement offset;
selecting a special point in the bearing_1954_mov1. Shp, positioning in a hundred-degree online map according to address information, comparing the hundred-degree map of the position with a pipe network GIS in detail, repositioning the point to the nearest position which is the expected position and is displayed in the pipe network GIS and the hundred-degree map, wherein the expected position determining method is practically consistent with the manual positioning method of a large user water meter, marking the sitting of the point in the bearing_1954_mov1. Shp as X_special and Y_special, marking the sitting of the expected position of the point as X_expected and Y_expected, and calculating the position deviation e again xx And e yy ：
And (3) according to the calculated special position deviation, calculating the coordinate sequences X_mov1 and Y_mov1 of the beijing_1954_mov1. Shp dot diagram layer again to obtain X_mov2 and Y_mov2:
finally, the second refined offset layer beijing_1954_mov2. Shp is obtained according to the offset coordinate sequences X_mov2 and Y_mov2.
The method can relatively accurately position the large-user marketing water meter according to the address information of the user water meter provided by the marketing system, can obtain the coordinate information of the small-user water meter in batches, can realize relatively accurate positioning of the water meter under the condition of not knowing a local coordinate system conversion method through twice coordinate shifting, creates conditions for water distribution of a subsequent model, and can permanently reduce the burden of water meter layer updating in future to a great extent through the prepared coordinate conversion tool, and meanwhile, can avoid errors caused by using a large number of manual operations. The geographic information technology is combined with the pipe network modeling technology, and the pipe network modeling information is acquired by adopting a more scientific technical means to accord with the development direction of pipe network modeling.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for rapidly locating a coordinate-free marketing water meter into a pipe network model in batches according to marketing water meter address information by using a hundred-degree map API and an ArcGIS platform.
In fig. 2, (a) is a special point pipeline GIS map, and (b) is a hundred degree map.
Fig. 3 is a distance error frequency distribution histogram.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Preparation of a coordinate conversion tool: calling the site package arcpy of ArcGIS by using python language, writing a coordinate conversion script file transfer. Py, making a coordinate conversion script tool, accurately realizing coordinate system conversion according to an explicit encryption rule, writing the conversion rule as that the script tool uses a coordinate system which can realize simple and rapid conversion of the layer file in the GIS.
The specific steps of adding the script tool in the ArcGIS are as follows: new toolbox (transfer_tool) → add script→ add script file transfer. Py after writing→ add parameter name and type ([ input_point_file, [ transfer_type ], [ string ]).
Example 1
An example is to facilitate a positioning accuracy comparison, select 500 meters with local coordinates and address information, and conduct testing and verification of the method. Further assume that the manual positioning of the large user meter has been completed and that none of the 500 meters is a large user meter.
(1) And carrying out standardization processing on the address information.
(2) Accessing the hundred-degree map API forward/reverse geocoding service, acquiring the hundred-degree coordinates of the marketing water meter in batches according to the processed address information, taking 500 points as an example, and taking 25s for the process of acquiring the coordinates. And generating a dot pattern layer baidu. Shp in the ArcGIS according to the hundred-degree coordinates.
(3) And converting a coordinate system, namely converting hundred-degree coordinates into WGS (generalized G-1984) coordinates by using a written coordinate conversion tool transfer_tool, and then projecting under the beijin_1954 coordinate system by using a projection tool in ArcGIS to obtain a dot pattern layer beijin_1954. Shp.
(4) Selecting the points of the upper, middle, lower, left and right 5 key positions, calculating the average deviation (e) of the coordinates in the layer bearing_1954. Shp and the local real coordinates x ,e y ) And the layer is subjected to first average offset according to the average deviation, so that a dot pattern layer beijin_1954_move1. Shp is generated. Note that: in the real operation, the 5 points are irrelevant to the to-be-positioned points, only the points with real coordinates and address information are provided, and the 5 points can be used for generating the specific_beijing_1954. Shp, and in the research, the manufacture of the specific_beijing_1954. Shp is omitted because the water meter with the real coordinates is used for operation so as to verify the accuracy. The present study does not explicitly give this deviation value and the point bitmap because the true coordinates of the point cannot be revealed.
(5) And selecting a special position in the to-be-positioned points, and comparing the pipeline GIS of the position with a hundred-degree map, wherein the position of the point position can be estimated in a fuzzy manner because the water supply pipeline is mostly consistent with the trend of the road. As shown in FIG. 2, the point in the circle of the arrow in FIG. 2 (a) shows the position of the water meter in the pipe network GIS, and comparing the hundred degree map of the position in FIG. 2 (b) can be obviously observed that the point is located at the upper right corner of the affiliated cell and is approximately on the diagonal line of two pipelines, according to the judgment, the point can be shifted to the expected point (the position indicated by the circle indicated by the arrow in FIG. 2 (a)) and the deviation (e xx ,e yy ) And carrying out second refinement offset on the whole layer according to the deviation to generate a final dot pattern layer bearing_1954_move2. Shp.
(6) Final error conditions. In this embodiment, the 500 water meters are subjected to hundred-degree coordinate acquisition, coordinate system conversion, average offset and refined offset of the coordinate positions, and finally the average difference of the distances between the 500 water meters and the real positions is 206m, the maximum distance deviation is 612m, and the minimum distance deviation is 13m. Fig. 3 shows a distance error frequency distribution histogram.
Claims (3)
1. A marketing water meter positioning method utilizing a hundred-degree map API and an ArcGIS is characterized in that the marketing water meter without coordinates is positioned in a municipal water supply pipe network in batches according to marketing water meter address information by utilizing the hundred-degree map API and the ArcGIS platform, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Address information standardization processing;
firstly, carrying out accurate standardized processing on address information of a water meter provided by a marketing system according to province/city/district/street/house numbers so as to accurately position the water meter;
(2) Manually positioning a large user marketing water meter;
the water content exceeds 1000m 3 The marketing water meter of/h belongs to a large user water meter, and the part of the water meter is positioned manually; the municipal water supply network is paved along roads, the municipal water supply network GIS is similar to a local hundred-degree map in graph, the specific position of a large user is manually searched by utilizing the hundred-degree map according to the water meter address information, the position displayed by the hundred-degree map is compared with the municipal water supply network GIS in detail, and the position of the large user water meter is manually determined;
(3) Accessing a hundred-degree map API forward/reverse geocoding service, and obtaining the hundred-degree coordinates of the marketing water meters in batches;
(3.1) creating a hundred-degree map API platform key, entering an official website of a hundred-degree map open platform to create an account, then creating a new application in application management, starting a forward/reverse geocoding service, and obtaining a key AK;
(3.2) constructing an access website URL according to marketing water meter address information and a hundred-degree map forward/reverse geocoding service webpage, and acquiring the hundred-degree coordinates of the small-user marketing water meter in batches by utilizing the acquired AK;
(4) Converting a coordinate system;
(4.1) generating a dot pattern layer file of the marketing water meter under a coordinate-free system by using ArcGIS according to the hundred-degree coordinates of the obtained marketing water meter, and naming the dot pattern layer file as baidu. Shp;
(4.2) conversion of the hundred degrees coordinate system to the wgs_1984 coordinate system;
using python language to call a coordinate conversion tool prepared by site package arcpy of ArcGIS to realize conversion from hundred-degree coordinate system to WGS_1984 coordinate system;
(4.3) the WGS_1984 coordinate system is projected down to the Beijing_1954 coordinate system;
the specific projection steps are as follows: opening a data management tool in an ArcGIS toolbox, selecting projection and transformation, selecting projection, and sequentially filling an input data set, an input coordinate system, an output data set and an output coordinate system according to requirements;
finally, obtaining a projected layer bearing_1954. Shp, opening an attribute table of the layer, adding fields X and Y, and respectively recording projected coordinates into X and Y by using a calculation geometry function;
(5) Shifting the water table layer under the bearing_1954 coordinate system;
(5.1) a first average offset;
a part of users using remote water meters exist in a water supply network, the users have coordinate information, five users distributed in the upper, lower, left, right and middle are selected as points for positioning, hundred-degree coordinates are obtained from a hundred-degree online map through address information and then converted into WGS (wireless telecommunication system) -1984 coordinates according to the step (4.2), then the coordinates are projected in the Beijing (1954) step (4.3), a specific_beijing (1954) shp map layer is obtained, corresponding coordinate X and Y values are obtained, and average deviations of X and Y and the coordinates X_local and Y_local under a local coordinate system are marked as e x And e y ：
Wherein 1,2,3,4,5 correspond to five points for positioning, respectively;
and (3) carrying out X and Y coordinate recalculation on the bearing_1954. Shp layer according to the calculated average deviation to obtain X_mov1 and Y_mov1:
finally, obtaining a first average offset post-dot pattern layer beijin_1954_move1. Shp according to the offset post-coordinates X_mov1 and Y_mov1;
(5.2) a second refinement offset;
selecting one point in the bearing_1954_mov1. Shp as a special point, positioning the special point in a hundred-degree online map according to address information, comparing the hundred-degree map of the position of the special point with a pipe network GIS in detail, repositioning the special point to the nearest position which is displayed in the pipe network GIS and the hundred-degree map, namely, an expected position, wherein the determination method of the expected position is practically consistent with the manual positioning method of a large user water meter, marking the sitting of the special point in the bearing_1954_mov1. Shp as X_special and Y_special, marking the sitting of the expected position of the special point as X_expected and Y_expected, and calculating the position deviation e again xx And e yy ：
And (3) according to the calculated position deviation, calculating the coordinate sequences X_mov1 and Y_mov1 of the beijing_1954_mov1. Shp dot diagram layer again to obtain X_mov2 and Y_mov2:
finally, the second refined offset layer beijing_1954_mov2. Shp is obtained according to the offset coordinate sequences X_mov2 and Y_mov2.
2. The marketing water meter positioning method utilizing the hundred degree map API and ArcGIS of claim 1, wherein in step (4.2): wgs_1984 is a geodetic coordinate system, which is also a coordinate system used by the GPS global satellite positioning system; gcj_02 is the coordinate system of the geographic information system formulated by the national survey and drawing bureau of china, which is the coordinate system of the wgs_1984 coordinate system after encryption; BD_09 is a hundred-degree coordinate system, and is obtained by encrypting again on the basis of a GCJ_02 coordinate system; the input/output coordinate type of the forward/reverse geocoding service is BD_09; the procedure for converting the hundred degree coordinates of the marketing water meter into wgs_1984 coordinates is therefore: bd_09 is converted to gcj_02, which is then converted to wgs_1984.
3. The marketing water meter positioning method using a hundred degree map API and ArcGIS according to claim 1, wherein the coordinate conversion tool is prepared by: calling the site package arcpy of ArcGIS by using python language, writing a coordinate conversion script file transfer. Py, making a coordinate conversion script tool, accurately realizing coordinate system conversion according to an explicit encryption rule, writing the conversion rule as that the script tool uses a coordinate system which can realize simple and rapid conversion of the layer file in the GIS.
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| CN104831776A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-08-12 | 郑旭东 | Water network monitoring method |
| CN106202762A (en) * | 2016-07-16 | 2016-12-07 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of user's water yield data based on ArcGIS instrument are automatically imported modeling software method |
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