CN112432969A - Composite insulator aging degree improvement detection method based on modulation photothermal radiation - Google Patents
Composite insulator aging degree improvement detection method based on modulation photothermal radiation Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000661 Mercury cadmium telluride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCMSPRNYOJJPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium;mercury;tellurium Chemical compound [Cd]=[Te]=[Hg] MCMSPRNYOJJPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0003—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the radiant heat transfer of samples, e.g. emittance meter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/10—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors
- G01J5/20—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors using resistors, thermistors or semiconductors sensitive to radiation, e.g. photoconductive devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite insulator aging degree improvement detection method based on modulated photo-thermal radiation, which adopts a modulated photo-thermal radiation technology to respectively measure the thermal diffusivity of a composite insulator surface aging layer region and an internal unaged layer exposed after the surface aging layer is removed, and judges the aging degree of a composite insulator by utilizing the measured ratio of the thermal diffusivity of the surface aging layer to the thermal diffusivity of the internal unaged layer. The method overcomes the influence of the difference of the initial thermal diffusivity of the composite insulators with different specifications and models and the lack of accurate data on the method for evaluating the aging degree of the composite insulators by adopting the thermal diffusion characteristic, and improves the detection precision of evaluating the aging degree of the composite insulators by adopting the thermal diffusion characteristic.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for detecting the aging degree of a composite insulator, in particular to a method for evaluating the aging degree of the composite insulator based on the ratio of the thermal diffusivity of an aging layer region and an internal non-aging layer region of the composite insulator measured by modulated photothermal radiation, and belongs to the field of high-voltage electrical detection.
Background
The high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber composite insulator is widely used in a high-voltage power transmission system and plays an important role in insulating and supporting a power transmission line. However, with the increase of the operation time of the net hanging, the surface of the high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber composite insulator is gradually aged, so that the hydrophobicity of the surface of the insulator is lost, the pollution flashover resistance performance is deteriorated, and serious potential safety hazard is brought to a power transmission line. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively evaluate the degree of aging of the composite insulator in time.
At present, various methods for detecting the aging degree of the composite insulator exist. The invention patent of Chinese patent application No. 201711210684.8 discloses an optimized composite insulator water spray grading method, and the invention patent of Chinese patent application No. 201310461244.5 discloses a composite insulator aging state grading and judging method, wherein the hydrophobicity grade of the surface of an insulator is determined by respectively utilizing a water spray grading method and a water drop contact angle, so that the aging state of the insulator is detected; the invention patent of the chinese patent application No. 201410835832.5, "an insulator high-voltage end leakage current measuring device", the invention patent of the chinese patent application No. 201510958923.2, "a composite insulator artificial aging test evaluation method based on thermal stimulation current characteristics", detects the aging state of an insulator by detecting the leakage current and the thermal stimulation current characteristics of the insulator, respectively; the invention patent of the Chinese patent application No. 201410786920.0 discloses a method for evaluating the service life of a composite insulator, the invention patent of the Chinese patent application No. 201310461244.5 discloses a method for measuring the components of dirt on a high-voltage insulator, the invention patent of the Chinese patent application No. 201610157134.3 discloses a method for detecting the particle size distribution of dirt on the surface of an insulator, and the invention patent of the Chinese patent application No. 201610907461.6 discloses a nuclear magnetic resonance measuring system for detecting the aging degree of the composite insulator, wherein the aging state of the composite insulator is detected by analyzing the change of the microstructure characteristics of the surface of the insulator by utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and nuclear magnetic resonance. However, these detection methods have some limitations. For example, the surface state of the water drop attached composite insulator is artificially classified directly by judging the appearance of human eyes and a water spray classification method, which are greatly influenced by subjective factors and are not easy to quantify; the measurement of leakage current and thermal stimulation current requires the construction of a complicated experimental system, wherein the measurement of the thermal stimulation current even needs to be placed in a vacuum environment, and the operation is inconvenient. Modern material microscopic characterization technologies generally cannot meet the requirements of low-cost, quantitative and rapid test and evaluation on the aging degree of the composite insulator.
Recently, the invention patent of chinese patent application No. 201810630895.5, "a composite insulator aging degree evaluation method based on laser irradiation" and the invention patent of chinese patent application No. 201810630712.X, "a composite insulator aging degree detection method based on continuous laser irradiation" propose to evaluate the aging degree of a composite insulator by measuring the thermal physical characteristics (thermal diffusivity) of the composite insulator, but the composite insulator aging degree detection method based on the change of the thermal physical characteristics is affected by the thermal physical characteristic parameter value before (initial) use of the composite insulator screen, and usually the thermal physical parameter value before the use of the composite insulator screen is not accurately determined (unknown), so that an error is generated in the evaluation of the aging degree, and the determination accuracy of the aging degree is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method overcomes the influence of unknown (initial) thermal physical characteristic parameter values on the aging degree evaluation of the composite insulator based on the photothermal radiation technology before the composite insulator hanging net is used, and judges the aging degree of the composite insulator by respectively measuring the thermal diffusivity of the surface aged layer and the thermal diffusivity of the internal unaged layer of the composite insulator and utilizing the measured ratio of the thermal diffusivity of the surface aged layer to the thermal diffusivity of the internal unaged layer.
The method and the characteristics of the invention are as follows:
a composite insulator aging degree improvement detection method based on modulation photothermal radiation is characterized by comprising the following steps: removing the surface aging layer on the partial surface area of the aged composite insulator sample to completely expose the internal unaged layer, respectively measuring the thermal diffusivity of the surface aging layer area of the composite insulator and the thermal diffusivity of the internal unaged layer area exposed after the surface aging layer is removed by adopting a modulation photo-thermal radiation technology, and judging the aging degree of the composite insulator by utilizing the ratio of the measured thermal diffusivity of the surface aging layer to the thermal diffusivity of the internal unaged layer, wherein the specific implementation steps are as follows:
(1) removing the surface ageing layer on the surface part of the aged composite insulator sample by adopting a mechanical or chemical method to expose the unaged layer in the area;
(2) measuring and recording the frequency characteristics of photo-thermal radiation signals in a surface aging layer region and an internal non-aging layer region of an aged composite insulator sample by adopting a modulation photo-thermal radiation technology, namely an amplitude-frequency change curve and a phase-frequency change curve of the photo-thermal radiation signals;
(3) fitting the measured amplitude-frequency change curve and phase-frequency change curve of the photothermal radiation signal with the thermal diffusion theory of the composite insulator to respectively obtain the thermal diffusivity of the surface aging layer region and the thermal diffusivity of the internal non-aging layer region of the composite insulator sample;
(4) the ratio of the thermal diffusivity of the surface aged layer region and the internal unaged layer region of the composite insulator sample is calculated, and the aging degree of the composite insulator is evaluated according to the ratio: the lower the thermal diffusivity ratio, the more the composite insulator ages, and when the thermal diffusivity ratio is lower than a certain threshold, the composite insulator can be considered to be aged seriously and needs to be replaced.
The removal thickness of the surface aging layer is larger than 0.1mm and smaller than 1mm, and the surface of the exposed non-aging layer area is smooth.
The modulation photothermal radiation technology adopts a beam of continuously modulated laser beam to irradiate a measured area of a composite insulator sample, the composite insulator sample absorbs the energy of the laser beam to cause the temperature to rise and generate infrared light thermal radiation, the modulated laser irradiation enables photothermal radiation signals of the measured area of the composite insulator to carry thermal diffusion information of the sample, and the thermal diffusion characteristic information of the measured area of the composite insulator sample is obtained through detection of an infrared detector, recording of a phase-locked amplifier and processing of a computer;
the composite insulator thermal diffusion theory adopts a two-layer thermal diffusion light and thermal radiation theory for an aging layer area of a composite insulator sample, and adopts a single-layer thermal diffusion light and thermal radiation theory for an unaged layer area of the composite insulator sample.
The laser beam power used in the photothermal radiation measurement is adjustable, so that the composite insulator sample is prevented from being burnt out due to overhigh power, the thermal diffusion characteristic of the composite insulator sample is damaged, and the accurate measurement of the thermal diffusion characteristic is also prevented from being influenced due to the fact that the signal-to-noise ratio of the photothermal radiation signal is low due to overlow power.
The quantitative relation between the thermal diffusivity ratio and the aging degree of the composite insulator and the threshold value of the thermal diffusivity ratio are determined by measuring the thermal diffusivity of the surface aging layer region and the internal non-aging layer region of the composite insulator with different aging degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the invention realizes the detection of the aging degree of the composite insulator by respectively measuring the thermal diffusivity of the aging layer region and the internal non-aging layer region of the composite insulator, eliminates the influence of unknown initial thermal diffusivity of the composite insulator on the aging degree evaluation, overcomes unknown factors in the aging evaluation, improves the accuracy of aging detection, and can become an effective method for detecting the aging degree of the composite insulator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite insulator sub-portion with the aging layer removed, as measured in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows an amplitude-frequency variation curve and a phase-frequency variation curve of photothermal radiation signals of a surface aging layer region and an exposed inner non-aging layer region of a composite insulator sample, which are measured by using a modulated photothermal radiation technology, and a theoretical fitting condition.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the measured thermal diffusivity of a region of a surface aged layer and a region of an internal unaged layer exposed after removal of the surface aged layer of composite insulator samples with different degrees of aging.
Fig. 4 is a graph of measured thermal diffusivity ratio of a surface aged layer region and an exposed inner unaged layer region of a composite insulator sample with different aging degrees as a function of screening running time.
Detailed Description
The method for detecting the aging degree of the composite insulator based on the modulated photothermal radiation is specifically described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a composite insulator sub-portion region with an aging layer removed, as measured by the present invention. The surface aging layer can be removed in the partial area of the composite insulator by sanding or chemical corrosion, and the removed thickness is more than 0.1mm and less than 1 mm. The thermal diffusivity of the surface-aged layer region and the exposed unaged layer region after removal of the surface-aged layer was measured using a modulated photothermal radiation technique. The measuring laser adopts a continuous output laser with the wavelength of 405nm, the output power is 100mW, and the beam quality is close to the output of a fundamental mode. The laser beam is focused to the tested area of the composite insulator sample through a lens after being modulated. And a mercury cadmium telluride infrared detector and a phase-locked amplifier are adopted to respectively detect and read photo-thermal radiation signals. The amplitude value and the phase value of the photothermal radiation signal output by the phase-locked amplifier are collected by a computer. And regulating the modulation frequency of the laser beam by controlling a signal generator through a computer, measuring the amplitude value and the phase value of the composite insulator photothermal radiation signal at different modulation frequencies, and obtaining an amplitude-frequency change curve and a phase-frequency change curve of the photothermal radiation signal. As shown in fig. 2, the magnitude-frequency variation curve and the phase-frequency variation curve of the photothermal radiation signal of the surface aging layer region and the internal non-aging layer region exposed after the surface aging layer is removed of a certain aging composite insulator sample and the theoretical fitting result are obtained, and the thermal diffusivity of the surface aging layer region and the internal non-aging layer region of the sample is obtained. Fig. 3 shows the measurement results of the thermal diffusivity of the surface aging layer region and the internal non-aging layer region of the composite insulator with different aging degrees. The sample 1 is a 500kV composite insulator sample which is not subjected to net hanging operation, and the aging phenomenon does not exist. Samples 2-5 are aged composite insulator samples of 500kV, 6, 7, 9 and 12 years of screening run time, respectively. It should be noted that samples 1-5 were not composite insulators produced in the same batch, and were not identical in manufacturer and model, resulting in differences in thermal diffusivity in the unaged layer region (initial). The results of the measurements in fig. 3 show that as the screening run time increases, the composite insulator ages more, resulting in a decrease in the thermal diffusivity of the aging layer. Correspondingly, fig. 4 is a graph of the measured thermal diffusivity ratio of the surface aged layer region and the internal unaged layer region of the composite insulator samples with different aging degrees as a function of the screening running time. As can be seen from fig. 4, the thermal diffusivity ratio of the surface aging layer region and the internal non-aging layer region of the composite insulator sample monotonically decreases with the screening running time, and the aging degree of the composite insulator is quantitatively characterized.
In summary, the invention provides a method for detecting the aging degree of a composite insulator by measuring the ratio of the thermal diffusivity of the surface aging layer region and the thermal diffusivity of the internal non-aging layer region of a composite insulator sample. The method overcomes the defects that other traditional composite insulator aging degree assessment methods are not objective and accurate enough, cannot quantitatively judge, or are complex in operation and calculation process, expensive in manufacturing cost, long in measurement time and the like, overcomes the defect that other similar methods for representing the aging degree by adopting the thermal physical characteristics are influenced by unknown initial thermal physical characteristics of the composite insulator to cause limitation of quantitative detection precision, effectively improves the measurement precision, and enables the detection result for assessing the aging degree of the composite insulator by adopting the thermal diffusion characteristic parameters to be more accurate and credible.
Claims (6)
1. A composite insulator aging degree improvement detection method based on modulation photothermal radiation is characterized by comprising the following steps: removing the surface aging layer on the partial surface area of the aged composite insulator sample to completely expose the internal unaged layer, respectively measuring the thermal diffusivity of the surface aging layer area of the composite insulator and the thermal diffusivity of the internal unaged layer area exposed after the surface aging layer is removed by adopting a modulated photo-thermal radiation technology, and evaluating the aging degree of the composite insulator by utilizing the ratio of the measured thermal diffusivity of the surface aging layer to the thermal diffusivity of the internal unaged layer, wherein the specific implementation steps are as follows:
(1) removing the surface ageing layer on the surface part of the aged composite insulator sample by adopting a mechanical or chemical method to expose the unaged layer in the area;
(2) measuring and recording the frequency characteristics of photo-thermal radiation signals, namely an amplitude-frequency change curve and a phase-frequency change curve of the photo-thermal radiation signals, in a surface aging layer region of an aged composite insulator sample and in an internal non-aging layer region exposed after the surface aging layer is removed by adopting a modulation photo-thermal radiation technology;
(3) fitting the measured amplitude-frequency change curve and phase-frequency change curve of the photothermal radiation signal with the thermal diffusion theory of the composite insulator to respectively obtain the thermal diffusivity of the surface aging layer region of the composite insulator sample and the thermal diffusivity of the exposed inner non-aging layer region after the surface aging layer is removed;
(4) calculating the ratio of the thermal diffusivity of the surface aging layer region of the composite insulator sample and the thermal diffusivity of the internal unaged layer region exposed after the surface aging layer is removed, and evaluating the aging degree of the composite insulator according to the ratio: the lower the thermal diffusivity ratio, the more the composite insulator ages, and when the thermal diffusivity ratio is lower than a certain threshold, the composite insulator can be considered to be aged seriously and needs to be replaced.
2. The method for detecting the improvement of the aging degree of the composite insulator based on the modulated photothermal radiation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the removal thickness of the surface ageing layer is larger than 0.1mm and smaller than 1mm, and the surface of the region of the unaged layer exposed after the surface ageing layer is removed is smooth.
3. The method for detecting the improvement of the aging degree of the composite insulator based on the modulated photothermal radiation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the modulation photothermal radiation technology adopts a beam of continuously modulated laser beam to irradiate a measured area of a composite insulator sample, the composite insulator sample absorbs the energy of the laser beam to cause the temperature to rise and generate infrared light thermal radiation, the modulated laser irradiation enables photothermal radiation signals of the measured area of the composite insulator to carry thermal diffusion information of the sample, and the thermal diffusion characteristic information of the measured area of the composite insulator sample is obtained through detection of an infrared detector, recording of a phase-locked amplifier and processing of a computer.
4. The method for detecting the improvement of the aging degree of the composite insulator based on the modulated photothermal radiation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the composite insulator thermal diffusion theory adopts a two-layer thermal diffusion light and thermal radiation theory for an aging layer area of a composite insulator sample, and adopts a single-layer thermal diffusion light and thermal radiation theory for an unaged layer area exposed after the surface aging layer of the composite insulator sample is removed.
5. The method for detecting the improvement of the aging degree of the composite insulator based on the modulated photothermal radiation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power of the laser beam is adjustable as in claim 3, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the composite insulator sample is burnt out and the thermal diffusion characteristic is damaged due to overhigh power, and avoiding the phenomenon that the signal-to-noise ratio of the photo-thermal radiation signal is low due to overlow power, so that the accurate measurement of the thermal diffusion characteristic is influenced.
6. The method for detecting the improvement of the aging degree of the composite insulator based on the modulated photothermal radiation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the quantitative relation between the thermal diffusivity ratio and the aging degree of the composite insulator and the threshold value of the thermal diffusivity ratio are determined by measuring the thermal diffusivity of the surface aging layer region and the internal non-aging layer region of the composite insulator with different aging degrees.
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| CN113740238A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-12-03 | 西安交通大学 | Method for detecting uneven aging of thermosetting insulating material |
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