CN112430810B - Ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic laser cladding processing, in particular to an ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device, comprising a laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head, an ultrasonic vibration module, a rotary drive module, a three-axis motion module and a base The ultrasonic vibration module and the rotary drive module are fixedly arranged on the base, and the ultrasonic vibration module and the rotary drive module are arranged opposite to each other on the base, and the three The axis movement module is arranged on the base and is movably connected with it, and the laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head is arranged on the three axis movement module and is located above the ultrasonic vibration module. The ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and long service life, can effectively improve the structure and performance of the laser cladding layer of the gear tooth surface, and greatly improve the production efficiency of ultrasonic laser cladding processing.

Description

An ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic laser cladding processing, in particular to an ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device.

Background technique

With the increasingly complex application environment, people have put forward higher requirements for the performance of the gear surface, not only requiring it to have a certain hardness and wear resistance, but also requiring it to have ideal core toughness and corrosion resistance. Traditional techniques, such as carburizing, have been difficult to meet actual needs. Laser cladding technology has the characteristics of controllable heat input, fast cooling and metallurgical bonding with the matrix, so it has important application value in aerospace, automotive, medical and chemical industries. However, the existing cladding layer treatment technology still has many shortcomings. Chinese patent CN209923433U discloses an ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser cladding to prepare a crack-free cladding layer device, although it can solve the cladding layer cracks of curved parts to a certain extent. However, the cooling effect is not good, and residual tensile stress is prone to occur; on the other hand, due to the high temperature of the molten pool, the grains of the cladding layer are likely to be coarse; in addition, the cladding layer will also have defects such as pores and cracks. These shortcomings of the existing equipment limit the promotion and application of laser cladding technology in the gear industry.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device, which has simple structure, convenient operation, long service life, can effectively improve the structure and performance of the laser cladding layer on the gear tooth surface, and The production efficiency of ultrasonic laser cladding processing is greatly improved.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

An ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device, comprising a laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head, an ultrasonic vibration module, a rotary drive module, a three-axis motion module and a base; the ultrasonic vibration module and the rotary drive module The groups are all fixedly arranged on the base, the ultrasonic vibration module and the rotary drive module are arranged oppositely on the base, and the three-axis motion module is arranged on the base and is connected to the base. Actively connected, the laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head is arranged on the three-axis motion module and above the ultrasonic vibration module.

In the ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device of the present invention, the external energy field of ultrasonic vibration is used to improve the structure and performance of the laser cladding layer of the gear tooth surface, and the cooling compressed air is used to reduce the heat generated by the transducer, thereby improving the The production efficiency of ultrasonic laser cladding processing has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation and long service life.

Further, the ultrasonic vibration module includes a reciprocating motion assembly, a guide rail, a slider and an ultrasonic high-frequency vibration generating assembly; the guide rail is fixedly arranged on the base, and the slider is slidably connected to the guide rail, The ultrasonic high-frequency vibration generating component is arranged on the slider, and the reciprocating motion component is arranged on the base and connected with the ultrasonic high-frequency vibration generating component, using the additional energy field of ultrasonic vibration. , effectively improving the structure and performance of the laser cladding layer on the gear tooth surface.

Further, the ultrasonic high-frequency vibration generating assembly includes a casing, a wireless energy transmission module, a transducer and a tool head; the wireless energy transmission module is arranged inside the casing, and the tool head is arranged on the inner side of the casing. Outside and between the housing and the rotary drive module, the wireless energy transmission module is connected to the tool head through the transducer, which effectively improves the organization and performance of the laser cladding layer on the gear tooth surface .

Further, the wireless energy transmission module includes a primary coil, a secondary coil and a fixing seat; the transducer includes a preload nut, a piezoelectric ceramic, a horn and a cover plate; the fixing seat is arranged on the the outer casing is located at one end away from the rotary drive module, the primary coil is fixedly arranged on the fixing seat, and the secondary coil is fixedly arranged on the horn; the horn passes through the shell is movably connected with it, one end of the horn is connected with the tool head, and the other end of the horn is connected with the piezoelectric ceramics, the cover plate and the preload nut in sequence, The horn, the piezoelectric ceramics and the cover plate are communicated with each other inside and are provided with pre-tightening bolts matched with the pre-tightening nuts, so that the transmission effect is better.

Further, a limiting ring, a limiting bearing and a fixing ring are arranged at the connection between the horn and the housing; the fixing ring is arranged outside the housing, and the limiting bearing and the limiting ring are The horns are arranged inside the casing in sequence, and the horns are all movably connected with the limit ring, the limit bearing and the fixing ring, so as to effectively control the range of movement of the horn.

The working principle of the ultrasonic vibration module is as follows: first, an external ultrasonic driver is used to generate a sinusoidal excitation signal, which is wirelessly transmitted to the secondary coil through the primary coil. After the piezoelectric ceramic is excited by the electrical signal, it generates axial high-frequency mechanical vibration. After being amplified by the horn, it is transmitted to the tool head. Since the tool head and the gear specimen are always in a prestressed state, the high-frequency vibration is finally transmitted to the gear specimen, so that the gear specimen produces axial vibration, and the entire energy conversion Under the support of the limit bearing, the tool device is driven by the rotary drive module to rotate according to a predetermined control speed, and the contact and separation of the tool head and the gear specimen are realized by the reciprocating motion of the reciprocating component.

Further, the housing is provided with an air intake pipe communicating with the housing, the preload nut, the preload bolt, the cover plate, the piezoelectric ceramic, the horn and the The middle part of the tool head is designed as a cavity connected with the air inlet pipe. After the cooling compressed air is cooled by an external cooler, the air inlet pipe is output to the cavity of the fixed seat for cooling, and the cooling effect is good.

Further, the rotary drive module includes a motor, a coupling, a support seat, a support bearing, a rotating shaft and a three-jaw chuck; the support seat is fixedly arranged on the base, and the support bearing is arranged on the On the support base, the rotating shaft passes through the support bearing and is movably connected with it, the motor is arranged on the support base, and the end of the rotating shaft away from the ultrasonic vibration module is connected with the motor, The other end of the rotating shaft is connected with the three-jaw chuck, which can better clamp the gear test piece.

After the cooling compressed air is cooled by the external cooler, it is output from the intake pipe to the chamber of the fixed seat, and then divided into two paths:

1. The first path forms an air curtain through the annular gap between the cover plate, the piezoelectric ceramic and the cavity of the fixed seat to cool the piezoelectric ceramic, etc., and then output from the micro-hole of the magnetic ring seat of the secondary coil, and then reach the The chamber of the shell is finally extruded from the gap such as the limit ring guide hole;

2. The second path is directly transported to the inner diameter annular space of the gear specimen through the air outlet channel of the cavity in the middle of the pre-tightening nut, pre-tightening bolt, horn, tool head, etc., to cool the gear specimen and the three-jaw chuck, Then it flows out from the circumferential guide groove of the adjustment limit ring of the three-jaw chuck.

Further, an annular pressure sensor located between the support seat and the chuck is arranged on the rotating shaft, and an adjusting nut adapted to the rotating shaft is arranged on the annular pressure sensor. A pre-tightening spring is arranged between the sensor and the three-jaw chuck, and the quantitative control of the pre-tightening force is detected and fed back by the annular pressure sensor, and the dynamic force and the changing law of the ultrasonic vibration can be monitored in real time.

Further, the motor and the rotating shaft are connected by a coupling, and the transmission effect is better.

The principle of the rotary drive module is: the three-jaw chuck can adapt to the clamping and fixing of the gear specimen within a certain specification range. After fixing the gear specimen, the tool head presses the gear specimen under the push of the reciprocating motion component. The tight spring will be compressed, and the required preload force can be adjusted by adjusting the nut. The quantitative control of the preload force is detected and fed back by the annular pressure sensor. At the same time, the dynamic force generated by ultrasonic vibration and the change law can be monitored in real time. ;The part composed of adjusting nut, annular pressure sensor, pre-tightening spring, three-jaw chuck, etc., is driven by the rotating shaft and rotates at a predetermined control speed. The power source required for rotation is driven by the motor through the coupling shaft. is passed to the axis of rotation.

Further, the three-axis motion module includes an X-axis motion mechanism, a Y-axis motion mechanism, a Z-axis motion mechanism, a bottom plate, a vertical plate and a cladding head seat; the Y-axis motion mechanism is arranged on the base, The bottom plate is arranged on the Y-axis movement mechanism, the vertical plate is arranged on the bottom plate, the X-axis movement mechanism is arranged on the vertical plate, and the Z-axis movement mechanism and the X-axis movement are The cladding head seat is arranged on the Z-axis motion mechanism, and the laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head is arranged on the cladding head seat, which can better adjust the laser coaxial powder feeding and melting Overhead position.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The invention utilizes the additional energy field of ultrasonic vibration to improve the structure and performance of the laser cladding layer on the tooth surface of the gear, and uses cooling compressed air to reduce the heat generated by the transducer and the gear test piece, thereby improving the efficiency of ultrasonic laser cladding processing. It has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation and long service life.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from the accompanying drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of an ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second structural schematic diagram of an ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device according to the present invention;

3 is a front view of an ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic vibration module of an ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary drive module of an ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device according to the present invention.

In the picture: 1. Laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head; 2. Ultrasonic vibration module; 201, Reciprocating motion component; 202, Guide rail; 203, Slider; 204, Shell; 205, Tool head; 206, Primary coil ; 207, secondary coil; 208, fixed seat; 209, preload nut; 210, piezoelectric ceramics; 211, horn; 212, cover plate; 213, preload bolt; 214, limit ring; 215, limit position bearing; 216, fixing ring; 3, rotary drive module; 301, motor; 302, support seat; 303, rotating shaft; 304, three-jaw chuck; 305, ring pressure sensor; 306, adjusting nut; 307, preset Tight spring; 4. Three-axis motion module; 401, X-axis motion mechanism; 402, Y-axis motion mechanism; 403, Z-axis motion mechanism; 404, bottom plate; 405, vertical plate; 406, cladding head seat; 5, Base; 6. Gear specimen; 7. Air intake pipe.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention include:

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1, an ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device includes a laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head 1, an ultrasonic vibration module 2, a rotary drive module 3, a three-axis motion module 4 and a base 5; The vibration module 2 and the rotary drive module 3 are fixedly arranged on the base 5 , the ultrasonic vibration module 2 and the rotary drive module 3 are arranged oppositely on the base 5 , and the three-axis motion module 4 is arranged on the base 5 The laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head 1 is arranged on the three-axis motion module 4 and is located above the ultrasonic vibration module 2 .

In the ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device of the present invention, the external energy field of ultrasonic vibration is used to improve the structure and performance of the laser cladding layer of the gear tooth surface, and the cooling compressed air is used to reduce the heat generated by the transducer, thereby improving the The production efficiency of ultrasonic laser cladding processing has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation and long service life.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the ultrasonic vibration module 2 includes a reciprocating motion component 201 , a guide rail 202 , a slider 203 and an ultrasonic high-frequency vibration generating component; the guide rail 202 is fixedly arranged on the base 5 , and the slider 203 is slidably connected to the guide rail 202 , the ultrasonic high-frequency vibration generating component is arranged on the slider 203, and the reciprocating motion component 201 is arranged on the base 5 and is connected with the ultrasonic high-frequency vibration generating component. The additional energy field of ultrasonic vibration is used to effectively improve the gear ratio. Microstructure and properties of laser cladding layers on tooth surfaces.

As shown in FIGS. 2-3 , the ultrasonic high-frequency vibration generating assembly includes a casing 204 , a wireless energy transmission module, a transducer, and a tool head 205 ; Outside and between the housing 204 and the rotary drive module 3, the wireless energy transmission module is connected to the tool head 205 through a transducer, which effectively improves the organization and performance of the laser cladding layer on the gear tooth surface.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the wireless energy transmission module includes a primary coil 206, a secondary coil 207 and a fixing seat 208; the transducer includes a preload nut 209, a piezoelectric ceramic 210, a horn 211 and a cover plate 212; the fixing seat 208 is arranged on the casing 204 and is located at one end away from the rotary drive module 3, the primary coil 206 is fixedly arranged on the fixing seat 208, and the secondary coil 207 is fixedly arranged on the horn 211; the horn 211 passes through the casing 204 One end of the horn 211 is connected to the tool head 205, the other end of the horn 211 is connected to the piezoelectric ceramic 210, the cover plate 212 and the preload nut 209 in turn, the horn 211, the piezoelectric ceramic 210 And the interior of the cover plate 212 is communicated and provided with pre-tightening bolts 213 matched with the pre-tightening nuts 209, so that the transmission effect is better.

As shown in FIG. 4 , a limit ring 214 , a limit bearing 215 and a fixing ring 216 are provided at the connection between the horn 211 and the housing 204 ; the fixing ring 216 is arranged outside the housing 204 , the limit bearing 215 and the limit ring 214 Arranged inside the casing 204 in sequence, the horns 211 are movably connected with the limit ring 214 , the limit bearing 215 and the fixing ring 216 , so as to effectively control the range of motion of the horn 211 .

The working principle of the ultrasonic vibration module 2 is as follows: first, an external ultrasonic driver is used to generate a sinusoidal excitation signal, which is wirelessly transmitted to the secondary coil 207 through the primary coil 206, and the piezoelectric ceramic 210 is excited by the electrical signal to generate an axial high-frequency mechanical The vibration is amplified by the horn 211 and transmitted to the tool head 205. Since the tool head 205 and the gear test piece 6 are always in a prestressed state, the high-frequency vibration is finally transmitted to the gear test piece 6. The gear 6 produces axial vibration, the entire transducer device is driven by the rotary drive module 3 to rotate at a predetermined control speed under the support of the limit bearing 215, the tool head 205 contacts and separates from the gear specimen 6, and the The motion component 201 is realized by reciprocating motion.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the housing 204 is provided with an air intake pipe 7 communicating with the housing 204 , a preload nut 209 , a preload bolt 213 , a cover plate 212 , a piezoelectric ceramic 210 , a horn 211 and the middle of the tool head 205 Both are designed as a cavity connected with the intake pipe 7. After the cooling compressed air is cooled by an external cooler, it is output from the intake pipe 7 to the cavity of the fixed seat 208 for cooling, and the cooling effect is good.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the rotary drive module 3 includes a motor 301, a coupling, a support seat 302, a support bearing, a rotating shaft 303 and a three-jaw chuck 304; the support seat 302 is fixedly arranged on the base 5, and the support bearing is arranged On the support base 302, the rotating shaft 303 passes through the support bearing and is movably connected with it, the motor 301 is arranged on the support base 302, the end of the rotating shaft 303 away from the ultrasonic vibration module 2 is connected with the motor 301, and the other end of the rotating shaft 303 is connected with The three-jaw chuck 304 is connected to better clamp the gear test piece 6 .

After the cooling compressed air is cooled by the external cooler, it is output from the intake pipe 7 to the chamber of the fixed seat 208, and then divided into two paths:

1. The first path forms an air curtain through the annular gap between the cover plate 212, the piezoelectric ceramic 210 and the cavity of the holder 208 to cool the piezoelectric ceramic 210, etc. The hole is output, and then reaches the chamber of the housing 204, and is finally extruded by the gap such as the guide hole of the limit ring 214;

2. The second path is directly transported to the inner diameter annular space of the gear test piece 6 through the air outlet channel of the cavity in the middle of the preload nut 209, the preload bolt 213, the horn 211, the tool head 205, etc. The three-jaw chuck 304 is cooled, and then flows out from the circumferential guide groove of the adjustment limit ring 214 of the three-jaw chuck 304 .

As shown in FIG. 5 , the rotary shaft 303 is provided with an annular pressure sensor 305 located between the support base 302 and the chuck, the annular pressure sensor 305 is provided with an adjusting nut 306 adapted to the rotary shaft 303, and the annular pressure sensor 305 is connected to A preload spring 307 is arranged between the three-jaw chucks 304 , and the quantitative control of the preload force is detected and fed back by the annular pressure sensor 305 , and the dynamic force generated by ultrasonic vibration and its variation law can be monitored in real time.

In this embodiment, the motor 301 and the rotating shaft 303 are connected by a coupling, so the transmission effect is better.

The principle of the rotary drive module 3 is as follows: the three-jaw chuck 304 can adapt to the clamping and fixing of the gear test piece 6 within a certain specification range. After the gear test piece 6 is fixed, the tool head 205 presses the gear under the push of the reciprocating motion assembly 201 For specimen 6, the preload spring 307 will be compressed at this time, and the required preload force can be adjusted by adjusting the nut 306. The quantitative control of the preload force is detected and fed back by the annular pressure sensor 305, and the ultrasonic wave can be monitored in real time. The magnitude and variation law of the dynamic force generated by the vibration; the part composed of the adjusting nut 306, the annular pressure sensor 305, the pre-tightening spring 307, the three-jaw chuck 304, etc., is driven by the rotating shaft 303, according to the predetermined control speed For rotation, the power source required for rotation is transmitted to the rotating shaft 303 by the motor 301 through the coupling.

As shown in FIG. 2, the three-axis motion module 4 includes an X-axis motion mechanism 401, a Y-axis motion mechanism 402, a Z-axis motion mechanism 403, a bottom plate 404, a vertical plate 405 and a cladding head seat 406; the Y-axis motion mechanism 402 is provided with On the base 5 , the bottom plate 404 is set on the Y-axis motion mechanism 402 , the vertical plate 405 is provided on the bottom plate 404 , the X-axis motion mechanism 401 is provided on the vertical plate 405 , and the Z-axis motion mechanism 403 is connected with the X-axis motion mechanism 401 , the cladding head seat 406 is arranged on the Z-axis motion mechanism 403, and the laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head 1 is arranged on the cladding head seat 406, which can better adjust the position of the laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head 1.

The main workflow of this embodiment is:

1. Clamp the gear test piece 6 to the rotating shaft 303, and fix the gear test piece 6 to the initial position. At this time, the preload spring 307 has not been compressed;

2. The ultrasonic high-frequency vibration generating module is installed on the slider 203, and moves forward under the drive of the reciprocating motion assembly 201. The horn 211 and the tool head 205 push the gear specimen 6, and the gear specimen 6 pushes the compression preload The spring 307 generates a pre-tightening force. At this time, the gear test piece 6 is firmly pressed on the three-jaw chuck 304, and the size of the pre-tightening force can be adjusted by adjusting the nut 306;

3. Driven by the three-axis motion module 4, the laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head 1 moves to the top of the gear specimen 6, and is dynamically vertical to the tooth surface to be processed;

4. Due to the need to press the gear specimen 6, the transducer is subjected to axial force, and at the same time, it needs to rotate with the gear specimen 6, and is supported by the limit bearing 215 and limited by the limit ring 214. 216 is connected and mounted to the housing 204;

5. The transducer, the gear test piece 6, the pre-tightening spring 307, and the adjusting nut 306 rotate together under the drive of the rotating shaft 303, and the rotational power of the rotating shaft 303 is input by the motor 301 through the coupling connection;

6. The external ultrasonic generator generates a high-frequency sinusoidal electrical signal, and the electrical signal is wirelessly transmitted to the secondary coil 207 through the primary coil 206, and the piezoelectric ceramic 210 in the transducer is excited by the electrical signal received by the secondary coil 207 High frequency vibration is generated under the horn, amplified by the horn 211, and transmitted to the gear test piece 6 by the tool head 205, so that the gear test piece 6 generates high frequency vibration;

7. The heat generated by the transducer is quickly taken away by the external air compressor, which presses the heat-exchanged cold air into the cavity of the casing 204 and circulates;

8. Finally, under the action of high-frequency vibration and rotation, the gear specimen 6 and the laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head 1 form a combined motion, thereby completing the ultrasonic laser composite surface cladding strengthening process.

The above descriptions are only the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the patent of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the description of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are all applicable. Similarly, it is included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device is characterized by comprising a laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head, an ultrasonic vibration module, a rotary driving module, a three-axis movement module and a base; the ultrasonic vibration module and the rotation driving module are both fixedly arranged on the base, the ultrasonic vibration module and the rotation driving module are oppositely arranged on the base, the three-axis motion module is arranged on the base and movably connected with the base, and the laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head is arranged on the three-axis motion module and is positioned above the ultrasonic vibration module; the rotary driving module is provided with a three-jaw chuck; the gear test piece is positioned between the ultrasonic vibration module and the rotary driving module and is placed on the three-jaw chuck;

the ultrasonic vibration module comprises a reciprocating motion assembly, a guide rail, a sliding block and an ultrasonic high-frequency vibration generation assembly; the guide rail is fixedly arranged on the base, the sliding block is connected to the guide rail in a sliding mode, the ultrasonic high-frequency vibration generating assembly is arranged on the sliding block, and the reciprocating motion assembly is arranged on the base and connected with the ultrasonic high-frequency vibration generating assembly;

the ultrasonic high-frequency vibration generating assembly comprises a shell, a wireless energy transmission module, a transducer and a tool head; the wireless energy transmission module is arranged inside the shell, the tool head is arranged outside the shell and positioned between the shell and the rotary driving module, and the wireless energy transmission module is connected with the tool head through the transducer;

the wireless energy transmission module comprises a primary coil, a secondary coil and a fixed seat; the transducer comprises a pretightening nut, piezoelectric ceramics, a variable amplitude rod and a cover plate; the fixed seat is arranged on the shell and is positioned at one end far away from the rotary driving module, the primary coil is fixedly arranged on the fixed seat, and the secondary coil is fixedly arranged on the amplitude transformer; the amplitude transformer penetrates through the shell and is movably connected with the shell, one end of the amplitude transformer is connected with the tool head, the other end of the amplitude transformer is sequentially connected with the piezoelectric ceramic, the cover plate and the pre-tightening nut, and the amplitude transformer, the piezoelectric ceramic and the cover plate are communicated with each other and are provided with pre-tightening bolts matched with the pre-tightening nuts;

a limiting ring, a limiting bearing and a fixing ring are arranged at the joint of the amplitude transformer and the shell; the fixed ring is arranged outside the shell, the limiting bearing and the limiting ring are sequentially arranged inside the shell, and the amplitude transformer is movably connected with the limiting ring, the limiting bearing and the fixed ring;

an air inlet pipe communicated with the shell is arranged on the shell, and the middles of the pre-tightening nut, the pre-tightening bolt, the cover plate, the piezoelectric ceramic, the amplitude transformer and the tool head are all designed into cavities communicated with the air inlet pipe;

after the cooling compressed air is cooled by an external cooler, the cooling compressed air is output to a cavity of the fixed seat by an air inlet pipe and is divided into two paths for cooling:

the first path forms an air curtain through an annular gap between the cover plate, the piezoelectric ceramics and the cavity of the fixed seat to cool the piezoelectric ceramics, then the air curtain is output by the micropores of the magnetic ring seat of the secondary side coil, then the air curtain reaches the cavity of the shell, and finally the air curtain is extruded out by the gap of the flow guide hole of the limiting ring;

and the second path is directly conveyed to the inner diameter circular ring space of the gear test piece through a pre-tightening nut, a pre-tightening bolt, an amplitude transformer and an air outlet channel of a cavity in the middle of the tool head, cools the gear test piece and the three-jaw chuck, and then flows out from a circumferential guide groove of an adjusting limiting ring of the three-jaw chuck.

2. The ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device of claim 1, wherein the rotation driving module comprises a motor, a coupler, a supporting seat, a supporting bearing and a rotating shaft; the supporting seat is fixedly arranged on the base, the supporting bearing is arranged on the supporting seat, the rotating shaft penetrates through the supporting bearing and is movably connected with the supporting bearing, the motor is arranged on the supporting seat, one end of the ultrasonic vibration module is far away from the rotating shaft and is connected with the motor, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected with the three-jaw chuck.

3. The ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device as claimed in claim 2, wherein an annular pressure sensor is disposed on the rotating shaft and located between the supporting base and the chuck, an adjusting nut adapted to the rotating shaft is disposed on the annular pressure sensor, and a pre-tightening spring is disposed between the annular pressure sensor and the three-jaw chuck.

4. The ultrasonic-laser composite surface enhancement device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the motor is connected with the rotating shaft through a coupling.

5. The ultrasonic laser composite surface strengthening device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the three-axis motion module comprises an X-axis motion mechanism, a Y-axis motion mechanism, a Z-axis motion mechanism, a bottom plate, a vertical plate and a cladding headstock; the Y-axis movement mechanism is arranged on the base, the bottom plate is arranged on the Y-axis movement mechanism, the vertical plate is arranged on the bottom plate, the X-axis movement mechanism is arranged on the vertical plate, the Z-axis movement mechanism is connected with the X-axis movement mechanism, the cladding headstock is arranged on the Z-axis movement mechanism, and the laser coaxial powder feeding cladding head is arranged on the cladding headstock.

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