CN112429827A - Green preparation method and application of offshore pollution sediment repair material - Google Patents
Green preparation method and application of offshore pollution sediment repair material Download PDFInfo
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- CN112429827A CN112429827A CN202011175847.5A CN202011175847A CN112429827A CN 112429827 A CN112429827 A CN 112429827A CN 202011175847 A CN202011175847 A CN 202011175847A CN 112429827 A CN112429827 A CN 112429827A
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- offshore
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- polluted
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
- C02F1/62—Heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
Abstract
The invention provides a green preparation method and application of a repairing material for offshore polluted sediments, and belongs to the technical field of environmental repair. The seaweed extract is used as a reaction material and a stabilizer, the composite material containing seaweed organic matters and magnetic iron oxide is prepared in an environmentally-friendly manner, and then the composite material is applied to the offshore polluted sediments to strengthen the degradation function of indigenous microorganisms and stabilize heavy metals, so that the polluted sediments are efficiently repaired under natural conditions. The invention has the advantages that the preparation process of the repair material is simple, the cost is low, the repair material can generate a magnetic biological effect, slowly release various seaweed organic matters, and reduce the bioavailability of heavy metal, thereby being beneficial to improving the repair efficiency of the polluted sediments, effectively overcoming the technical bottleneck that the conventional biological strengthening technology is difficult to be applied in large scale in the in-situ repair of the marine polluted sediments, and having wide application prospect in the repair of the marine sediments and coastal wetlands polluted by organic pollution, heavy metal pollution and the combination of the organic pollution and the heavy metal pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental remediation, and relates to a green preparation method and application of a remediation material for offshore polluted sediments.
Background
With the rapid development of coastal industrialization and urbanization, the amount of discharged marine pollutants (such as petroleum hydrocarbon, heavy metals, etc.) is rapidly increased, so that the ecological environment of offshore sediments is continuously destroyed, and the biogeochemical cycle and the healthy development of marine ecosystems are seriously threatened.
At present, the restoration technology of water body pollution sediments mainly comprises physical, chemical and biological methods. For physical repair techniques (such as covering method, dredging method and the like), the cost is high, and the influence on the benthos community and the function thereof is large. In chemical remediation (such as chemical oxidation, leaching and the like), the dosage of the added chemical reagent is difficult to control, the cost is high, and the chemical reagent has certain toxicity to water body sediments, is easy to cause secondary pollution, and is difficult to be suitable for in-situ remediation. The bioremediation technology has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, no secondary pollution, good environmental compatibility and the like, so the bioremediation technology is the first choice for remedying the water body polluted sediments. Among them, the biological strengthening repair technology (adding microbial inoculum and nutritive salt, etc.) is one of the most effective methods for repairing the polluted sediments.
In the current sediment biological strengthening repair technology, the main problems are that: the cost of the used co-metabolism substrate, the biosurfactant and the microbial inoculum is higher; the in-situ applicability of adding the exogenous microbial inoculum is low; the conventional biological strengthening repair technology can often lead to the improvement of the biological effectiveness of heavy metals in the sediment; and many repair materials used by the method are difficult to apply to in-situ repair of marine sediments, and the large-scale application of the bioaugmentation technology in the repair of marine polluted sediments is severely limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an economic and efficient repair material for repairing offshore polluted sediments and an application thereof, aiming at the technical bottle diameter which has higher cost and poor heavy metal repair effect in the biological strengthening repair of the sediments and limits the application range of the sediment.
The technical scheme of the invention is that seaweed extract is used as a reaction material and a stabilizer, a composite material containing seaweed organic matters and magnetic iron oxide is prepared in an environmentally-friendly manner, and then the composite material is applied to offshore polluted sediments to strengthen the degradation function of indigenous microorganisms and stabilize heavy metals, so that the polluted sediments are efficiently repaired under natural conditions.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a green preparation method and application of a repair material for offshore pollution sediments are disclosed, which comprises the following steps:
step 1. preparation of seaweed extract
Collecting offshore large-scale seaweed, removing silt on the surface of the seaweed, chopping the seaweed, mixing the chopped seaweed and water according to the mass ratio of 1:40-60, placing the mixture in a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature to be 100-135 ℃, reacting for 90-150min, cooling the mixture to room temperature, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the mixed solution in the reaction kettle, recovering precipitate, and diluting the liquid phase part by 3-6 times by using water to obtain seaweed extract;
step 2. Green preparation of magnetic composite material
Adding the above seaweed extract into a reactor, controlling the volume of the seaweed extract to be half of the volume of the reactor, and adding FeSO4·7H2O, control of Fe2+The concentration is 0.04-0.08mol/L, and the reactor is sealed; then stirring for 10-30min at the speed of 500-; after solid-liquid separation of the obtained suspension, washing the precipitate for 1-2 times, and drying in vacuum to obtain the magnetic composite material;
step 3, strengthening and repairing the polluted sediment
When in-situ repair is carried out, the magnetic composite material obtained in the step 2 is thrown onto the surface of the offshore polluted sediment, 50-150g of the magnetic composite material is thrown onto the sediment per square meter, and the magnetic composite material is repaired for 50-70d under natural conditions; when ectopic repair is carried out, the magnetic composite material obtained in the step 2 is mixed into offshore polluted sediment, the mass ratio of the two is controlled to be 1:10000-40000, and the repair is carried out for 40-60d under the standing condition.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the raw materials used by the repair material are rich in source, the preparation process is simple, the cost is low, and a new way for the resource utilization of the seaweed can be provided.
(2) The repair material can generate a magnetic biological effect, slowly release various seaweed organic matters, is beneficial to improving the biological repair efficiency of organic pollution sediments, and can effectively avoid a plurality of defects caused by directly adding a microbial inoculum or nutrients in the conventional biological strengthening repair.
(3) The repair material can reduce the bioavailability of heavy metal in the sediment, and can efficiently repair the sediment polluted by the heavy metal and the organic-heavy metal composite pollution.
(4) The repair material is suitable for in-situ repair and ex-situ repair.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating the in situ remediation of offshore contaminated deposits with a remediation material according to the present invention.
In the figure: the ordinate represents the total petroleum hydrocarbon removal rate or lead fixation rate in%; the abscissa represents time in days. - ■ -representing total petroleum hydrocarbon removal; -. represents the lead fixation rate. The figure shows that after the repair material strengthens the in-situ repair of offshore polluted sediments for 60 days, the total petroleum hydrocarbon removal rate can reach 78.5%, and the lead fixation rate can reach 69.6%.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following technical solutions and the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of seaweed extract
Collecting offshore kelp, removing surface silt, cutting, mixing with water at a mass ratio of 1:40, placing in a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature at 120 ℃, reacting for 150min, cooling to room temperature, performing solid-liquid separation on the mixed solution in the reaction kettle, recovering precipitate, and diluting the liquid phase part with water by 5 times to obtain seaweed extract;
(2) green preparation of magnetic composite material
Adding the above seaweed extract into a reactor, controlling the volume to be half of the reactor, and adding FeSO4·7H2O, control of Fe2+The concentration is 0.05mol/L, and the reactor is sealed; then is provided withStirring at 800r/min for 20min, and controlling the pH value to be 10 in the stirring process; after solid-liquid separation of the obtained suspension, washing the precipitate for 2 times, and drying in vacuum to obtain the magnetic composite material;
(3) contaminated deposit remediation
The total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration in the offshore pollution sediment is 1.8g/kg sediment, and the lead concentration is 52.7mg/kg sediment; and (3) putting the magnetic composite material obtained in the step (2) on the surface of the offshore polluted sediment, adding 80g of the magnetic composite material per square meter of the sediment, and performing in-situ repair for 60 days under natural conditions.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of seaweed extract
Collecting offshore kelp, removing surface silt, cutting, mixing with water at a mass ratio of 1:50, placing in a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature at 130 ℃, reacting for 120min, cooling to room temperature, performing solid-liquid separation on the mixed solution in the reaction kettle, recovering precipitate, and diluting the liquid phase part with water by 5 times to obtain seaweed extract;
(2) green preparation of magnetic composite material
Adding the above seaweed extract into a reactor, controlling the volume to be half of the reactor, and adding FeSO4·7H2O, control of Fe2+The concentration is 0.06mol/L, and the reactor is sealed; then stirring for 15min at 1000r/min, and controlling the pH value to be 10 in the stirring process; after solid-liquid separation of the obtained suspension, washing the precipitate for 2 times, and drying in vacuum to obtain the magnetic composite material;
(3) contaminated deposit remediation
The total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration in the offshore pollution deposit is 2.3g/kg of deposit, and the chromium concentration is 112.5mg/kg of deposit; and (3) putting the magnetic composite material obtained in the step (2) on the surface of the offshore polluted sediment, adding 100g of the magnetic composite material per square meter of the sediment, and performing in-situ repair for 60 days under natural conditions.
Claims (2)
1. A green preparation method of a repair material for offshore pollution sediments is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1. preparation of seaweed extract
Collecting offshore large-scale seaweed, removing silt on the surface of the seaweed, chopping the seaweed, mixing the chopped seaweed and water according to the mass ratio of 1:40-60, placing the mixture in a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature to be 100-135 ℃, reacting for 90-150min, cooling the mixture to room temperature, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the mixed solution in the reaction kettle, recovering precipitate, and diluting the liquid phase part by 3-6 times by using water to obtain seaweed extract;
step 2. Green preparation of magnetic composite material
Adding the above seaweed extract into a reactor, controlling the volume of the seaweed extract to be half of the volume of the reactor, and adding FeSO4·7H2O, control of Fe2+The concentration is 0.04-0.08mol/L, and the reactor is sealed; then stirring for 10-30min at the speed of 500-; and (3) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the obtained suspension, washing the precipitate for 1-2 times, and drying in vacuum to obtain the magnetic composite material.
2. The application of the offshore polluted sediment repairing material is characterized in that the polluted sediment is repaired in a strengthening way, when in-situ repair is carried out, a magnetic composite material is thrown onto the offshore polluted sediment, 50-150g of the magnetic composite material is thrown onto every square meter of the sediment, and the offshore polluted sediment is repaired for 50-70 days under natural conditions; when the ectopic repair is carried out, the magnetic composite material is mixed into the offshore polluted sediment, the mass ratio of the magnetic composite material to the offshore polluted sediment is controlled to be 1:10000-40000, and the offshore polluted sediment is repaired for 40-60d under the standing condition.
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| CN202011175847.5A CN112429827B (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | Green preparation method and application of offshore pollution sediment repair material |
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