CN112427833A - Manganese-based flux-cored solder and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Manganese-based flux-cored solder and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112427833A CN112427833A CN202011277083.0A CN202011277083A CN112427833A CN 112427833 A CN112427833 A CN 112427833A CN 202011277083 A CN202011277083 A CN 202011277083A CN 112427833 A CN112427833 A CN 112427833A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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Abstract
The invention provides a manganese-based flux-cored solder and a preparation method and application thereof, relating to the technical field of welding, in particular to brazing. The manganese-based flux-cored solder comprises a manganese-based solder outer skin and inner core brazing flux powder wrapped in the manganese-based solder outer skin, wherein the manganese-based solder outer skin comprises the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 22.5 to 30.0 percent of Ni, 20.0 to 35.0 percent of Cu, 10.5 to 15.5 percent of Zn, 2.0 to 7.0 percent of Cr, 2.0 to 5.0 percent of Co, 0.5 to 1.0 percent of Sn, 0 to 0.3 percent of Fe and the balance of Mn. The invention also provides a preparation method and application of the manganese-based flux-cored solder. The invention overcomes the problem that the manganese-based brazing filler metal is difficult to form by improving the design and preparation method of the manganese-based brazing filler metal, realizes the cooperative, precise and automatic use of the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux, and promotes the high-efficiency application of the manganese-based brazing filler metal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a manganese-based flux-cored solder and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the fields of aerospace, weaponry, nuclear industry, precision machine tools, petroleum, chemical engineering and the like in China, brazing materials are widely applied to the fields. However, the individual demands on the solder are often different for different fields of application. In some precision machining and manufacturing, materials represented by stainless steel and high-temperature alloy and joints thereof have to meet higher application requirements, and have excellent room-temperature strength, impact resistance, oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, and also have good high-temperature or dynamic load bearing capacity. Therefore, it is urgent and important to select and use the brazing filler metal in any structure to meet the above requirements.
First, in terms of the type of filler metal, there are optionally nickel-based filler metal and manganese-based filler metal. At present, nickel-based brazing filler metal is mainly used, but a small amount of elements such as B, Si, P and the like are usually added into the nickel-based brazing filler metal, and the elements cannot be fully diffused to a base material matrix in the brazing process, so that brittle compounds which are difficult to eliminate are formed with nickel and remain in brazing seams, and therefore, the forming of a section is difficult to process, and the joint performance of the brazing of the nickel-based brazing filler metal is very sensitive to gaps. For stainless steel brazed joints with working temperatures higher than 600 ℃, the manganese-based brazing filler metal has excellent comprehensive performance and is an ideal choice. However, the existing manganese-based brazing filler metal has the problems of difficult processing and forming, unstable quality, higher cost and the like, and researches on filamentous manganese-based brazing filler metal, particularly manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal and a preparation method thereof are rarely reported.
In the aspect of solder application, the manganese-based solder is mainly applied to furnace brazing under gas protection at present, although no brazing flux is added, the cost of equipment for furnace brazing under gas protection is high, the solder and a weldment do not contain a large amount of volatile elements, protective gases such as inert gases need to be introduced in the production process, the cost is increased, the use requirement of the equipment is improved, the production capacity of each furnace is limited, the production period is long, and the defects limit the large-scale, automatic and low-cost application of the manganese-based solder. In addition, the manganese-based brazing filler metal is less applicable to induction brazing, and for induction brazing, the brazing filler metal and a brazing flux are separately used in the traditional brazing process, so that the brazing quality is unstable, the brazing efficiency is low, waste is easy to cause, and the implementation of the synergy, the accuracy and the automation of the manganese-based brazing filler metal is not facilitated.
In view of the above problems, research efforts have been made in the prior art to improve the composition of manganese-based solders and the solder preparation process. However, the problems of high content of brittle compounds in the manganese-based brazing filler metal, low efficiency of the preparation method of the brazing filler metal, low forming rate of the brazing filler metal, complex brazing process, high application requirement of the manganese-based brazing filler metal, low efficiency, high cost and the like are still not well solved.
Optimization of the structural form of the brazing filler metal is an effective way for improving the manufacturability of brazing and improving the quality and efficiency of brazing work. The flux-cored solder is a material-saving emission-reduction type composite solder product appearing in recent years and is prepared by wrapping a certain proportion of powdered soldering flux on a solder alloy sheath. Unfortunately, the manganese-based brazing filler metal is difficult to form, and the current preparation technology and equipment are not developed sufficiently, so that the popularization and application of the manganese-based brazing filler metal, particularly the manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal, are limited. In the aspect of improving the performance of a soldered joint by regulating and controlling the soldering process parameters of the manganese-based solder, research is carried out by Yangtze and Lining, etc. of Sichuan university, but the influence of external temperature on the performance of the manganese-based solder is only researched, the judgment factor is single, the soldering process cannot be comprehensively regulated and controlled, and the influence is reversely fed back to a solder preparation process improvement measure, the comparison of different components of the manganese-based solder is not carried out, the support of a manganese-based solder alloying principle is lacked, and the statistics and optimization cannot be carried out according to the single or coupling rule of each element on the manganese-based solder.
The method in the prior art can not fully improve the processing property, the brazing joint property and the working quality and efficiency of the manganese-based brazing filler metal, in particular to the manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal, and can not effectively expand the range of the manganese-based brazing filler metal and promote the popularization and application of the manganese-based brazing filler metal. Therefore, a preparation method capable of expanding the variety of the manganese-based brazing filler metal, particularly the manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal, and improving the process performance, the brazing joint performance, the working quality and the working efficiency of the manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a manganese-based flux-cored solder, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein alloy components of the manganese-based flux-cored solder are designed and optimized aiming at the embrittlement characteristic of the manganese-based solder, the preparation method is improved, the problem that the manganese-based solder is difficult to form is solved, the manganese-based flux-cored solder with excellent comprehensive performance is prepared, and the automatic, synergistic and precise use of the solder and a soldering flux is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a manganese-based flux-cored solder, which comprises a manganese-based solder outer skin and inner core brazing flux powder wrapped in the manganese-based solder outer skin, wherein the manganese-based solder outer skin comprises the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 22.5 to 30.0 percent of Ni, 20.0 to 35.0 percent of Cu, 10.5 to 15.5 percent of Zn, 2.0 to 7.0 percent of Cr, 2.0 to 5.0 percent of Co, 0.5 to 1.0 percent of Sn, 0 to 0.3 percent of Fe and the balance of Mn.
The melting point of manganese (Mn) is higher and is 1245 ℃, the solid solution temperature of the brazing filler metal formed by adding other alloying elements by taking manganese as a matrix is matched with that of stainless steel and high-temperature alloy as matrix materials, the room temperature and high-temperature mechanical properties of the brazed joint are good, and the corresponding brazing filler metal alloy can be obtained.
Other alloying elements added in the manganese-based flux-cored solder and the effects of the alloying elements are described as follows:
nickel (Ni): the melting point of Ni is 1453 ℃, and a Mn-Ni binary alloy phase diagram shows that Ni and Mn can be dissolved in a solid solution, are important elements for ensuring the comprehensive performance of the manganese-based brazing filler metal and forming the manganese-based brazing filler metal, and are often used as main elements in the manganese-based brazing filler metal alloy, but the brazing performance is sensitive to joint gaps due to excessive content of the Ni element, so that the quality of joints is reduced. Therefore, the mass percentage range of Ni in the manganese-based flux-cored solder is 22.5-30.0%. Optionally, the mass percentage of Ni is 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, or 29%.
Copper (Cu): the melting point of Cu is 1083.4 ℃, the phase diagram of the Mn-Cu binary alloy shows that the melting point of the alloy can be obviously reduced by Cu, and the Cu and Mn can be infinitely dissolved, so that the cold forming performance of the brazing filler metal can be improved, but the melting point of the manganese-based brazing filler metal is obviously reduced due to excessive Cu content, and the high-temperature strength of brazing seams is further influenced. Therefore, the mass percentage range of Cu in the manganese-based flux-cored solder is 20.0-35.0%. Optionally, the mass percentage of Cu is 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, or 34%.
Zinc (Zn): the melting point of Zn is 419.5 ℃, and a Mn-Cu-Zn ternary alloy phase diagram shows that the melting point is obviously reduced along with the increase of the mass percent of Zn, the formed Mn-Cu-Zn alloy has good comprehensive mechanical properties such as strength, plasticity and the like, the impact resistance of a joint is improved, and meanwhile, the Mn-Cu-Zn alloy has good rolling forming capacity, but when the content of Zn is excessive, a second phase is easily generated in a structure to deteriorate the quality of the joint. Therefore, the mass percentage range of Zn in the manganese-based flux-cored solder is 10.5-15.5%. Optionally, the mass percentage of Zn is 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% or 15%.
Chromium (Cr): the melting point of Cr is 1857 ℃, Cr is added for the purpose of improving the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the brazing filler metal, but the excessive Cr content can increase the melting point of the brazing filler metal and influence the texture of a brazing base material. Therefore, the mass percentage range of Cr in the manganese-based flux-cored solder is 2.0-7.0%. Optionally, the mass percentage of Cr is 3%, 4%, 5% or 6%.
Cobalt (Co): the melting point of Co is 1495 ℃, the purpose of adding Co is to improve the high-temperature strength and the corrosion resistance of the alloy solder, but the excessive content of Co is not favorable for reducing the melting point, and brittle compounds can be formed in the solder to influence the process formability of the solder. Therefore, the mass percentage range of Co in the manganese-based flux-cored solder is 2.0-5.0%. Optionally, the mass percentage of Co is 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, or 5%.
Tin (Sn): the melting point of Sn is 231.9 ℃, and the purpose of adding a trace amount of Sn is to improve the fluidity and the wettability of the alloy, increase the spreadability of the solder to a matrix during soldering, and also properly improve the hardness of the solder, but the strength and the plasticity of the solder are reduced due to the excessive content of Sn, so that the solder is not beneficial to plastic forming such as rolling and the like. Therefore, the mass percentage range of Sn in the manganese-based flux-cored solder is 0.5-1.0%. Optionally, the mass percentage of Sn is 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, or 1.0%.
Iron (Fe): fe is an impurity element. The mass percentage range of Fe in the manganese-based flux-cored solder is controlled to be not higher than 0.3 percent; namely 0 to 0.3%.
In one embodiment, the core flux powder is comprised of a mixture of borax, boric acid, and fluoride, preferably the fluoride comprises one or more of potassium bifluoride, potassium fluoroborate, calcium fluoride, and potassium fluoride.
In one embodiment, the core flux powder consists of the following components in mass percent: 15.0 to 20.0 percent of borax, 32.5 to 56.5 percent of boric acid, 2.0 to 5.0 percent of calcium fluoride, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of potassium fluoride, 15.0 to 25.0 percent of potassium bifluoride and 10.0 to 15.0 percent of potassium fluoroborate.
In one embodiment, the mass of the core flux powder is 10% to 15% of the total mass of the manganese-based core solder, optionally 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% or 15% of the total mass of the manganese-based core solder.
In one embodiment, the mass of the manganese-based brazing filler metal sheath is 85% to 90%, optionally 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89% or 90% of the total mass of the manganese-based flux cored brazing filler metal.
In one embodiment, the manganese-based cored solder has an outer diameter of 1.2mm to 2.5 mm.
The alloy melting temperature of the manganese-based flux-cored solder is 880-1070 ℃, and the brazing temperature is 910-1120 ℃.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the manganese-based flux-cored solder, which comprises the following steps: smelting alloy component raw materials of the manganese-based brazing filler metal sheath, continuously casting a melt into a brazing filler metal strip, carrying out hot continuous rolling, carrying out electrochemical cleaning on the brazing filler metal strip subjected to hot continuous rolling, cold-rolling the brazing filler metal strip into a U-shaped groove, feeding brazing filler metal powder, carrying out rolling sealing, carrying out 1-3-pass rotary forging processing, and sizing to obtain the filamentous manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal; optionally, the smelting is gas-slag combined protection smelting.
In one embodiment, the preparation method of the manganese-based flux-cored solder further comprises degassing and secondary refining after the alloy raw materials of the manganese-based solder sheath are subjected to gas-slag joint protection smelting, preferably, the gas-slag joint protection smelting is carried out under the protection of nitrogen, the smelting temperature ranges from 1350 ℃ to 1400 ℃, the smelting time ranges from 30min to 45min, and preferably, the degassing and the secondary refining are carried out by using argon.
In one embodiment, the continuous casting is carried out under nitrogen protection, preferably, the pressure ranges from 0.2MPa to 0.6 MPa; optionally, the melt continuously flows through a water-cooled crystallizer to be directly continuously cast into a strip with the thickness of 8.0 mm-15.0 mm, and then hot continuous rolling is carried out.
In one embodiment, the hot continuous rolling is carried out for 3-5 times, the reduction rate of each time is equal to or reduced from the front to the back, and the maximum reduction rate of a single time is 50%, preferably, the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip formed by the hot continuous rolling has a width of 20.0-50.0 mm and a thickness of 0.5-1.0 mm.
In one embodiment, the number of swaging passes is 1 to 3, and the compressibility is equal or decreases from front to back in each pass.
In a specific embodiment, the preparation method of the manganese-based flux-cored solder comprises the following steps:
(a) carrying out gas-slag combined protection smelting on a brazing alloy raw material: the solder alloy components are sequentially placed into a gas-slag combined protective smelting furnace according to the mass percentage, nitrogen with the purity of 99.0-99.999 percent is adopted as protective gas, the gas pressure is 0.2-0.6 MPa, and the solder alloy is smelted for the first time for 30-45 min at the smelting temperature of 1350-1400 ℃, so that the solder alloy is smelted uniformly;
(b) degassing and secondary refining the solder alloy melt: introducing the primarily smelted manganese-based brazing filler metal alloy melt into a smelting device containing a degassing tank, introducing argon with the purity of 99.9-99.99% into the degassing tank, smelting at the smelting temperature of 1350-1400 ℃ for 25-35 min at the gas flow of 25-75L/min, and fully refining the melt for the second time;
(c) and (3) continuously casting the refined brazing alloy melt under the protection of nitrogen: introducing nitrogen with the purity of 99.0-99.999 percent as protective gas into a continuous casting device, wherein the gas pressure is 0.2-0.6 MPa, and continuously flowing the brazing filler metal alloy melt after secondary refining through a water-cooled crystallizer so as to directly continuously cast into a strip with the thickness of 8.0-15.0 mm to obtain a manganese-based brazing filler metal strip;
(d) and (3) carrying out hot continuous rolling on the continuously cast brazing filler metal alloy strip: after the continuously cast manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is formed, the continuously cast manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is sent into a rolling mill to be continuously rolled for 3-5 times, the reduction rate of each time is equal or reduced from front to back in sequence, the maximum reduction rate of a single time is 50%, and the brazing filler metal strip is obtained after rolling, wherein the width of the brazing filler metal strip is 20.0-50.0 mm, and the thickness of the brazing filler metal strip is 0.5-1.00 mm; preferably, the width tolerance is ± 1.0mm and the thickness tolerance is no more than ± 0.04 mm.
(e) And (3) carrying out electrochemical cleaning on the brazing filler metal strip after hot continuous rolling: cleaning the surface oxide, oil stain and the like of the banded manganese-based brazing filler metal obtained after continuous rolling by using an electrochemical method and a cleaning reagent to obtain a manganese-based brazing filler metal strip with a clean surface;
(f) carrying out cold rolling and on-line annealing on the brazing alloy sheet strip after electrochemical cleaning: feeding the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip with a clean surface into a rolling mill to be rolled into a U-shaped groove, feeding brazing flux powder into the U-shaped groove, further rolling and sealing the U-shaped groove, and carrying out online annealing to form a manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal wire;
(g) carrying out rotary forging on the flux-cored solder: rolling and sealing the manganese-based flux-cored solder formed after online annealing, transferring the manganese-based flux-cored solder into a precision rotary forging machine for rotary forging for 1-3 times, and sizing after forging to obtain the manganese-based flux-cored solder with the outer diameter of 1.2-2.5 mm;
(h) shearing and forming the manganese-based flux-cored solder after rotary forging and sizing: the manganese-based flux-cored solder obtained after rotary forging and sizing is sheared into manganese-based flux-cored solder wires which have the same length and the same specification and are convenient to package;
(i) packaging the manganese-based flux-cored solder after shearing and forming: and packaging the manganese-based flux-cored solder with consistent specifications after shearing according to 50-200 pieces/box (bag), attaching a quality specification if the manganese-based flux-cored solder is qualified through inspection, and finally transferring to storage or transportation.
The invention also provides the use of a manganese-based flux cored brazing filler metal for brazing of stainless steels, heat resistant steels and/or superalloys, such as nickel-based alloys.
According to the invention, through an innovative preparation method and process flow of gas-slag combined protective smelting, secondary refining, continuous casting (nitrogen protection) banding, hot continuous rolling, electrochemical surface cleaning, cold rolling/online annealing, rotary forging, sizing, shearing forming and packaging, the problem of cooperative automatic addition of manganese-based brazing filler metal components and brazing flux is solved, an efficient preparation process of the high-performance manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal is provided, and efficient application of the manganese-based brazing filler metal is promoted.
Has the advantages that:
in the aspect of solder composition design: the manganese-based brazing alloy with excellent process performance (the percentage of the total mass of the flux-cored brazing alloy is 85-90%) is prepared by changing the component design of the brazing filler metal and adding alloying elements on the manganese base, so that the wettability, the filling property, the spreading property and the corrosion resistance of the brazing filler metal on stainless steel or high-temperature alloy are improved, the brazing temperature of the brazing filler metal is reduced, the structure of a brazed joint is optimized, brittle compounds and harmful substances are reduced, the process formability of the brazing filler metal and the comprehensive mechanical properties of the brazed joint at room temperature and high temperature are improved, and the like. The manganese-based flux-cored solder contains a certain amount of low-melting-point alloy elements, so that the soldering temperature is lower, the melting temperature of the alloy of the solder is 880-1070 ℃, the soldering temperature is 910-1120 ℃, and the energy consumption is obviously reduced compared with the traditional manganese-based solder. During brazing, the influence on the structure of a base material is small, the growth of structure grains around a welding seam is avoided, the obtained structure is uniform and fine, the brittle compounds are reduced, the implementation of a brazing process is facilitated, the comprehensive mechanical properties such as room temperature and high temperature strength and plasticity of a brazed joint are improved, and the forming manufacturability is improved.
In the aspects of optimization and application of the structural form of the brazing filler metal: the composite manganese-based flux-cored solder provided by the invention changes the complex and difficult-to-cooperate working conditions of the traditional manganese-based solder and a soldering flux, and adopts a structural form that the outer skin is made of alloy solder and the inner core is made of the soldering flux to prepare the manganese-based flux-cored solder, so that the synergistic, accurate and automatic implementation of the manganese-based solder and the soldering flux is improved, and the development trend of an automatic soldering technology is adapted. Furthermore, the traditional manganese-based brazing filler metal is free from the current situation of mainly being applied to brazing in a gas-shielded furnace, expensive and complex equipment and a large amount of gas consumption required by the brazing in the gas-shielded furnace are avoided, the production cost and the equipment use requirement are reduced, the brazing work efficiency is improved, the production period is shortened, and the large-scale, automatic and low-cost application of the manganese-based brazing filler metal is promoted.
In the aspect of the preparation method of the manganese-based brazing filler metal, in particular to the manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal: the preparation method and the process of the manganese-based flux-cored solder have great innovation, the traditional preparation method and the process of the manganese-based and nickel-based solder with poor processing formability are overturned, the difficult processing situation of the materials is greatly improved, the deformation rate is effectively increased, and the prepared flux-cored solder (with the outer diameter of 1.2 mm-2.5 mm) has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and the like. The production process can be shortened, the equipment and personnel investment can be reduced, and the automation and the intellectualization of the production line can be improved while the product quality is improved, so that the production period is shortened, the energy is saved, the production efficiency and the yield are improved, and the cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the improvement of the preparation method ensures that the utilization rate of raw materials is high, and avoids unnecessary material loss.
The manganese-based brazing filler metal is suitable for brazing stainless steel and high-temperature alloy in the fields of aerospace, weaponry, nuclear industry, precision machine tools and other heavy engineering and civil use.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a structural form diagram of the manganese-based flux-cored solder of the present invention, wherein 1 is a solder outer skin, 2 is a flux inner core, and 3 is an overlap joint.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a structural form diagram of the manganese-based flux cored solder of the present invention.
Example 1
The manganese-based flux-cored solder comprises 15 mass percent of inner core soldering flux powder and 85 mass percent of manganese-based solder sheath coating the inner core soldering flux powder, wherein the manganese-based solder sheath is a MnNiCuZnCrCoSn manganese-based alloy solder sheath, and the manganese-based solder sheath comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30.0% of Ni, 20.0% of Cu, 12.5% of Zn, 2.0% of Cr, 5.0% of Co, 1.0% of Sn, 0.3% of Fe and the balance of Mn. The brazing flux powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15.0% of borax, 56.5% of boric acid, 2.0% of calcium fluoride, 1.5% of potassium fluoride, 15.0% of potassium bifluoride and 10% of potassium fluoroborate.
The preparation process of the manganese-based flux-cored solder comprises the following steps:
step 1, carrying out gas-slag combined protection smelting on a brazing alloy raw material: according to the mass percent of the components of the brazing filler metal alloy, the prepared brazing filler metal alloy raw materials are sequentially placed into a gas-slag combined protective smelting furnace, nitrogen with the purity of 99.0% is adopted as protective gas, the gas pressure is 0.6MPa, and the brazing filler metal alloy is smelted for 45min at the smelting temperature of 1350 ℃ for the first time, so that the brazing filler metal alloy is smelted uniformly;
and 2, degassing and secondary refining the solder alloy melt: introducing the primarily smelted manganese-based brazing filler metal alloy melt into a smelting device containing a degassing tank, introducing argon with the purity of 99.9% into the degassing tank, wherein the gas flow is 75L/min, smelting at the smelting temperature of 1380 ℃ for 25min, and fully refining the melt for the second time;
and 3, continuously casting the refined brazing alloy melt under the protection of nitrogen: introducing nitrogen with the purity of 99.999 percent as protective gas into a continuous casting device, wherein the gas pressure is 0.4MPa, and continuously flowing the brazing filler metal alloy melt after secondary refining through a water-cooled crystallizer so as to directly perform continuous casting into a strip with the thickness of 8.5mm to obtain a manganese-based brazing filler metal strip;
step 4, carrying out hot continuous rolling on the continuously cast brazing filler metal alloy strip: after the continuously cast manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is formed, the continuously cast manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is sent into a rolling mill to be continuously rolled for 3 times, the reduction rate of each time is equal to or reduced from front to back in sequence, the maximum reduction rate of a single time is 50%, the width tolerance of the brazing filler metal strip is 20.0mm, the width tolerance is +/-1.0 mm, the thickness is 1.0mm, and the thickness tolerance is +/-0.04 mm;
step 5, carrying out electrochemical cleaning on the brazing filler metal strip after hot continuous rolling: cleaning the surface oxide, oil stain and the like of the banded manganese-based brazing filler metal obtained after continuous rolling by using an electrochemical method and a cleaning reagent to obtain a manganese-based brazing filler metal strip with a clean surface;
and 6, carrying out cold rolling and on-line annealing on the brazing alloy sheet strip after electrochemical cleaning: the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip with a clean surface is cleaned, the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is sent to a rolling mill to be rolled into a U-shaped groove, brazing flux powder is sent into the U-shaped groove, the U-shaped groove is further rolled and sealed, and the manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal strip is formed through online annealing;
and 7, carrying out rotary forging on the flux-cored solder: rolling and sealing the manganese-based flux-cored solder formed after online annealing, transferring the manganese-based flux-cored solder into a precision rotary forging machine for 2-pass rotary forging, and sizing after forging to obtain the round filamentous manganese-based flux-cored solder with the core, wherein the outer diameter of the round filamentous manganese-based flux-cored solder with the core is 2.0 mm;
and 8, performing shear forming on the manganese-based flux-cored solder after rotary forging and sizing: the manganese-based flux-cored solder obtained after rotary forging and sizing is sheared into manganese-based flux-cored solder wires which have the same length and the same specification and are convenient to package;
step 9, packaging the manganese-based flux-cored solder subjected to shear forming: and packaging the manganese-based flux-cored solder with consistent specifications after shearing according to 50 pieces/box (bag), attaching a quality specification if the manganese-based flux-cored solder is qualified through inspection, and finally transferring to storage or transportation.
Example 2
The manganese-based flux-cored solder comprises 14 mass percent of inner core brazing flux powder and 86 mass percent of manganese-based solder sheath coating the inner core brazing flux powder, wherein the manganese-based solder sheath is a MnNiCuZnCrCoSn manganese-based alloy brazing flux sheath, and the manganese-based solder sheath comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 28.5% of Ni, 23.0% of Cu, 13.5% of Zn, 3.0% of Cr, 4.4% of Co, 0.9% of Sn, 0.24% of Fe and the balance of Mn. The brazing flux powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 16.0 percent of borax, 51.5 percent of boric acid, 2.5 percent of calcium fluoride, 2.0 percent of potassium fluoride, 17.0 percent of potassium bifluoride and 11.0 percent of potassium fluoroborate.
The preparation process of the manganese-based flux-cored solder comprises the following steps:
step 1, carrying out gas-slag combined protection smelting on a brazing alloy raw material: according to the mass percent of the components of the brazing filler metal alloy, the prepared brazing filler metal alloy raw materials are sequentially placed into a gas-slag combined protective smelting furnace, nitrogen with the purity of 99.9 percent is adopted as protective gas, the gas pressure is 0.5MPa, and the brazing filler metal alloy is smelted for 40min for the first time at the smelting temperature of 1360 ℃ so as to be smelted uniformly;
and 2, degassing and secondary refining the solder alloy melt: introducing the primarily smelted manganese-based brazing filler metal alloy melt into a smelting device containing a degassing tank, introducing argon with the purity of 99.9% into the degassing tank, smelting at the smelting temperature of 1370 ℃ for 30min at the gas flow of 65L/min, and fully refining the melt for the second time;
and 3, continuously casting the refined brazing alloy melt under the protection of nitrogen: introducing nitrogen with the purity of 99.9 percent as protective gas into a continuous casting device, wherein the gas pressure is 0.3MPa, and continuously flowing the brazing filler metal alloy melt subjected to secondary refining through a water-cooled crystallizer so as to directly perform continuous casting into a strip with the thickness of 14.0mm to obtain a manganese-based brazing filler metal strip;
step 4, carrying out hot continuous rolling on the continuously cast brazing filler metal alloy strip: after the continuously cast manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is formed, the continuously cast manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is sent into a rolling mill to be continuously rolled for 5 times, the reduction rate of each time is equal or reduced from front to back in sequence, the maximum reduction rate of a single time is 50%, the width tolerance of the brazing filler metal strip is +/-1.0 mm, the thickness of the brazing filler metal strip is 0.50mm, and the thickness tolerance of the brazing filler metal strip is +/-0.025 mm;
step 5, carrying out electrochemical cleaning on the brazing filler metal strip after hot continuous rolling: cleaning the surface oxide, oil stain and the like of the banded manganese-based brazing filler metal obtained after continuous rolling by using an electrochemical method and a cleaning reagent to obtain a manganese-based brazing filler metal strip with a clean surface;
and 6, carrying out cold rolling and on-line annealing on the brazing alloy sheet strip after electrochemical cleaning: the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip with a clean surface is cleaned, the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is sent to a rolling mill to be rolled into a U-shaped groove, brazing flux powder is sent into the U-shaped groove, the U-shaped groove is further rolled and sealed, and the manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal strip is formed through online annealing;
and 7, carrying out rotary forging on the flux-cored solder: rolling and sealing the manganese-based flux-cored solder formed after online annealing, transferring the manganese-based flux-cored solder into a precision rotary forging machine for 1-pass rotary forging, and sizing after forging to obtain the round filamentous manganese-based flux-cored solder with the core, wherein the outer diameter of the round filamentous manganese-based flux-cored solder with the core is 2.5 mm;
and 8, performing shear forming on the manganese-based flux-cored solder after rotary forging and sizing: the manganese-based flux-cored solder obtained after rotary forging and sizing is sheared into manganese-based flux-cored solder wires which have the same length and the same specification and are convenient to package;
step 9, packaging the manganese-based flux-cored solder subjected to shear forming: and packaging the manganese-based flux-cored solder with consistent specifications after shearing according to 50 pieces/box (bag), attaching a quality specification if the manganese-based flux-cored solder is qualified through inspection, and finally transferring to storage or transportation.
Example 3
The manganese-based flux-cored solder comprises 13 mass percent of inner core soldering flux powder and 87 mass percent of manganese-based solder sheath coating the inner core soldering flux powder, wherein the manganese-based solder sheath is a MnNiCuZnCrCoSn manganese-based alloy solder sheath, and the manganese-based solder sheath comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 27.0% of Ni, 26.0% of Cu, 14.5% of Zn, 4.0% of Cr, 3.8% of Co, 0.8% of Sn, 0.18% of Fe and the balance of Mn. The brazing flux powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 17.0% of borax, 46.5% of boric acid, 3.0% of calcium fluoride, 2.5% of potassium fluoride, 19.0% of potassium bifluoride and 12.0% of potassium fluoroborate.
The preparation process of the manganese-based flux-cored solder comprises the following steps:
step 1, carrying out gas-slag combined protection smelting on a brazing alloy raw material: according to the mass percent of the components of the brazing filler metal alloy, the prepared brazing filler metal alloy raw materials are sequentially placed into a gas-slag combined protective smelting furnace, nitrogen with the purity of 99.9 percent is adopted as protective gas, the gas pressure is 0.4MPa, and the brazing filler metal alloy is smelted for 35min for the first time at the smelting temperature of 1370 ℃ so as to be smelted uniformly;
and 2, degassing and secondary refining the solder alloy melt: introducing the primarily smelted manganese-based brazing filler metal alloy melt into a smelting device containing a degassing tank, introducing argon with the purity of 99.99% into the degassing tank, wherein the gas flow is 55L/min, smelting at the smelting temperature of 1350 ℃ for 35min, and fully refining the melt for the second time;
and 3, continuously casting the refined brazing alloy melt under the protection of nitrogen: introducing nitrogen with the purity of 99.0 percent as protective gas into a continuous casting device, wherein the gas pressure is 0.2MPa, and continuously flowing the brazing filler metal alloy melt subjected to secondary refining through a water-cooled crystallizer so as to directly perform continuous casting into a strip with the thickness of 9.5mm to obtain a manganese-based brazing filler metal strip;
step 4, carrying out hot continuous rolling on the continuously cast brazing filler metal alloy strip: after the continuously cast manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is formed, the continuously cast manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is sent into a rolling mill to be continuously rolled for 4 times, the reduction rate of each time is equal to or reduced from front to back in sequence, the maximum reduction rate of a single time is 50%, the width tolerance of the brazing filler metal strip is 45.0mm, the width tolerance is +/-1.0 mm, the thickness is 0.65mm, and the thickness tolerance is +/-0.030 mm;
step 5, carrying out electrochemical cleaning on the brazing filler metal strip after hot continuous rolling: cleaning the surface oxide, oil stain and the like of the banded manganese-based brazing filler metal obtained after continuous rolling by using an electrochemical method and a cleaning reagent to obtain a manganese-based brazing filler metal strip with a clean surface;
and 6, carrying out cold rolling and on-line annealing on the brazing alloy sheet strip after electrochemical cleaning: the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip with a clean surface is cleaned, the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is sent to a rolling mill to be rolled into a U-shaped groove, brazing flux powder is sent into the U-shaped groove, the U-shaped groove is further rolled and sealed, and the manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal strip is formed through online annealing;
and 7, carrying out rotary forging on the flux-cored solder: rolling and sealing the manganese-based flux-cored solder formed after online annealing, transferring the manganese-based flux-cored solder into a precision rotary forging machine for 3-pass rotary forging, and sizing after forging to obtain the round filamentous manganese-based flux-cored solder with the core, wherein the outer diameter of the round filamentous manganese-based flux-cored solder with the core is 1.6 mm;
and 8, performing shear forming on the manganese-based flux-cored solder after rotary forging and sizing: the manganese-based flux-cored solder obtained after rotary forging and sizing is sheared into manganese-based flux-cored solder wires which have the same length and the same specification and are convenient to package;
step 9, packaging the manganese-based flux-cored solder subjected to shear forming: and packaging the manganese-based flux-cored solder with consistent specifications after shearing according to 100 pieces/box (bag), attaching a quality specification if the manganese-based flux-cored solder is qualified through inspection, and finally transferring to storage or transportation.
Example 4
The manganese-based flux-cored solder comprises 12 mass percent of inner core soldering flux powder and 88 mass percent of manganese-based solder sheath coating the inner core soldering flux powder, wherein the manganese-based solder sheath is a MnNiCuZnCrCoSn manganese-based alloy solder sheath, and the manganese-based solder sheath comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 25.5 percent of Ni, 29.0 percent of Cu, 11.5 percent of Zn, 5.0 percent of Cr, 3.2 percent of Co, 0.7 percent of Sn, 0.12 percent of Fe and the balance of Mn. The brazing flux powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 18.0 percent of borax, 42.0 percent of boric acid, 3.5 percent of calcium fluoride, 2.5 percent of potassium fluoride, 21.0 percent of potassium bifluoride and 13.0 percent of potassium fluoroborate.
The preparation process of the manganese-based flux-cored solder comprises the following steps:
step 1, carrying out gas-slag combined protection smelting on a brazing alloy raw material: according to the mass percent of the components of the brazing filler metal alloy, the prepared brazing filler metal alloy raw materials are sequentially placed into a gas-slag combined protective smelting furnace, nitrogen with the purity of 99.9 percent is adopted as protective gas, the gas pressure is 0.2MPa, and the brazing filler metal alloy is smelted for 30min at the smelting temperature of 1380 ℃ for the first time, so that the brazing filler metal alloy is smelted uniformly;
and 2, degassing and secondary refining the solder alloy melt: introducing the primarily smelted manganese-based brazing filler metal alloy melt into a smelting device containing a degassing tank, introducing argon with the purity of 99.9% into the degassing tank, smelting at the smelting temperature of 1360 ℃ for 30min at the gas flow of 45L/min, and fully refining the melt for the second time;
and 3, continuously casting the refined brazing alloy melt under the protection of nitrogen: introducing nitrogen with the purity of 99.9 percent as protective gas into a continuous casting device, wherein the gas pressure is 0.5MPa, and continuously flowing the brazing filler metal alloy melt subjected to secondary refining through a water-cooled crystallizer so as to directly perform continuous casting into a strip with the thickness of 12.5mm to obtain a manganese-based brazing filler metal strip;
step 4, carrying out hot continuous rolling on the continuously cast brazing filler metal alloy strip: after the continuously cast manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is formed, the continuously cast manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is sent into a rolling mill to be continuously rolled for 5 times, the reduction rate of each time is equal to or reduced from front to back in sequence, the maximum reduction rate of a single time is 50%, the width tolerance of the brazing filler metal strip is 38.5mm, the thickness tolerance is +/-1.0 mm, the thickness is 0.75mm, and the thickness tolerance is +/-0.030 mm;
step 5, carrying out electrochemical cleaning on the brazing filler metal strip after hot continuous rolling: cleaning the surface oxide, oil stain and the like of the banded manganese-based brazing filler metal obtained after continuous rolling by using an electrochemical method and a cleaning reagent to obtain a manganese-based brazing filler metal strip with a clean surface;
and 6, carrying out cold rolling and on-line annealing on the brazing alloy sheet strip after electrochemical cleaning: the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip with a clean surface is cleaned, the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is sent to a rolling mill to be rolled into a U-shaped groove, brazing flux powder is sent into the U-shaped groove, the U-shaped groove is further rolled and sealed, and the manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal strip is formed through online annealing;
and 7, carrying out rotary forging on the flux-cored solder: rolling and sealing the manganese-based flux-cored solder formed after online annealing, transferring the manganese-based flux-cored solder into a precision rotary forging machine for 2-pass rotary forging, and sizing after forging to obtain the round filamentous manganese-based flux-cored solder with the core, wherein the outer diameter of the round filamentous manganese-based flux-cored solder with the core is 1.8 mm;
and 8, performing shear forming on the manganese-based flux-cored solder after rotary forging and sizing: the manganese-based flux-cored solder obtained after rotary forging and sizing is sheared into manganese-based flux-cored solder wires which have the same length and the same specification and are convenient to package;
step 9, packaging the manganese-based flux-cored solder subjected to shear forming: and packaging the manganese-based flux-cored solder with consistent specifications after shearing according to 100 pieces/box (bag), attaching a quality specification if the manganese-based flux-cored solder is qualified through inspection, and finally transferring to storage or transportation.
Example 5
The manganese-based flux-cored solder comprises 11 mass percent of inner core soldering flux powder and 89 mass percent of manganese-based solder sheath coating the inner core soldering flux powder, wherein the manganese-based solder sheath is a MnNiCuZnCrCoSn manganese-based alloy solder sheath, and the manganese-based solder sheath comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 24.0% of Ni, 32.0% of Cu, 15.5% of Zn, 6.0% of Cr, 2.6% of Co, 0.6% of Sn, 0.06% of Fe and the balance of Mn. The brazing flux powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 19.0% of borax, 38.0% of boric acid, 4.0% of calcium fluoride, 2.0% of potassium fluoride, 23.0% of potassium bifluoride and 14.0% of potassium fluoroborate.
The preparation process of the manganese-based flux-cored solder comprises the following steps:
step 1, carrying out gas-slag combined protection smelting on a brazing alloy raw material: according to the mass percent of the components of the brazing filler metal alloy, the prepared brazing filler metal alloy raw materials are sequentially placed into a gas-slag combined protective smelting furnace, nitrogen with the purity of 99.0% is adopted as protective gas, the gas pressure is 0.3MPa, and the brazing filler metal alloy is smelted for 40min at the smelting temperature of 1390 ℃ for the first time, so that the brazing filler metal alloy is smelted uniformly;
and 2, degassing and secondary refining the solder alloy melt: introducing the primarily smelted manganese-based brazing filler metal alloy melt into a smelting device containing a degassing tank, introducing argon with the purity of 99.99% into the degassing tank, wherein the gas flow is 35L/min, smelting at the smelting temperature of 1400 ℃ for 35min, and fully carrying out secondary refining on the melt;
and 3, continuously casting the refined brazing alloy melt under the protection of nitrogen: introducing nitrogen with the purity of 99.0 percent as protective gas into a continuous casting device, wherein the gas pressure is 0.2MPa, and continuously flowing the brazing filler metal alloy melt subjected to secondary refining through a water-cooled crystallizer so as to directly perform continuous casting into a strip with the thickness of 10.0mm to obtain a manganese-based brazing filler metal strip;
step 4, carrying out hot continuous rolling on the continuously cast brazing filler metal alloy strip: after the continuously cast manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is formed, the continuously cast manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is sent into a rolling mill to be continuously rolled for 5 times, the reduction rate of each time is equal or reduced from front to back in sequence, the maximum reduction rate of a single time is 50%, the width tolerance of the brazing filler metal strip is +/-1.0 mm, the thickness of the brazing filler metal strip is 0.5mm, and the thickness tolerance of the brazing filler metal strip is +/-0.025 mm;
step 5, carrying out electrochemical cleaning on the brazing filler metal strip after hot continuous rolling: cleaning the surface oxide, oil stain and the like of the banded manganese-based brazing filler metal obtained after continuous rolling by using an electrochemical method and a cleaning reagent to obtain a manganese-based brazing filler metal strip with a clean surface;
and 6, carrying out cold rolling and on-line annealing on the brazing alloy sheet strip after electrochemical cleaning: the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip with a clean surface is cleaned, the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is sent to a rolling mill to be rolled into a U-shaped groove, brazing flux powder is sent into the U-shaped groove, the U-shaped groove is further rolled and sealed, and the manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal strip is formed through online annealing;
and 7, carrying out rotary forging on the flux-cored solder: rolling and sealing the manganese-based flux-cored solder formed after online annealing, transferring the manganese-based flux-cored solder into a precision rotary forging machine for 3-pass rotary forging, and sizing after forging to obtain the round filamentous manganese-based flux-cored solder with the core, wherein the outer diameter of the round filamentous manganese-based flux-cored solder with the core is 1.2 mm;
and 8, performing shear forming on the manganese-based flux-cored solder after rotary forging and sizing: the manganese-based flux-cored solder obtained after rotary forging and sizing is sheared into manganese-based flux-cored solder wires which have the same length and the same specification and are convenient to package;
step 9, packaging the manganese-based flux-cored solder subjected to shear forming: packaging the manganese-based flux-cored solder with consistent specifications after shearing according to 200 pieces/box (bag), attaching a quality specification if the manganese-based flux-cored solder is qualified through inspection, and finally transferring to storage or transportation.
Example 6
The manganese-based flux-cored solder comprises 10 mass percent of inner core soldering flux powder and 90 mass percent of manganese-based solder sheath coating the inner core soldering flux powder, wherein the manganese-based solder sheath is a MnNiCuZnCrCoSn manganese-based alloy solder sheath, and the manganese-based solder sheath comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 22.5 percent of Ni, 35.0 percent of Cu, 10.5 percent of Zn, 7.0 percent of Cr, 2.0 percent of Co, 0.5 percent of Sn, 0 percent of Fe and the balance of Mn. The brazing flux powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20.0% of borax, 32.5% of boric acid, 5.0% of calcium fluoride, 2.5% of potassium fluoride, 25.0% of potassium bifluoride and 15.0% of potassium fluoroborate.
The preparation process of the manganese-based flux-cored solder comprises the following steps:
step 1, carrying out gas-slag combined protection smelting on a brazing alloy raw material: according to the mass percent of the components of the brazing filler metal alloy, the prepared brazing filler metal alloy raw materials are sequentially placed into a gas-slag combined protective smelting furnace, nitrogen with the purity of 99.999 percent is adopted as protective gas, the gas pressure is 0.4MPa, and the brazing filler metal alloy is smelted for 35min for the first time at the smelting temperature of 1400 ℃ so as to be smelted uniformly;
and 2, degassing and secondary refining the solder alloy melt: introducing the primarily smelted manganese-based brazing filler metal alloy melt into a smelting device containing a degassing tank, introducing argon with the purity of 99.99% into the degassing tank, wherein the gas flow is 25L/min, smelting at the smelting temperature of 1380 ℃ for 30min, and fully refining the melt for the second time;
and 3, continuously casting the refined brazing alloy melt under the protection of nitrogen: introducing nitrogen with the purity of 99.0 percent as protective gas into a continuous casting device, wherein the gas pressure is 0.6MPa, and continuously flowing the brazing filler metal alloy melt subjected to secondary refining through a water-cooled crystallizer so as to directly perform continuous casting into a strip with the thickness of 9.0mm to obtain a manganese-based brazing filler metal strip;
step 4, carrying out hot continuous rolling on the continuously cast brazing filler metal alloy strip: after the continuously cast manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is formed, the continuously cast manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is sent into a rolling mill to be continuously rolled for 4 times, the reduction rate of each time is equal to or reduced from front to back in sequence, the maximum reduction rate of a single time is 50%, the width tolerance of the brazing filler metal strip is 30.0mm, the width tolerance is +/-1.0 mm, the thickness is 0.9mm, and the thickness tolerance is +/-0.04 mm;
step 5, carrying out electrochemical cleaning on the brazing filler metal strip after hot continuous rolling: cleaning the surface oxide, oil stain and the like of the banded manganese-based brazing filler metal obtained after continuous rolling by using an electrochemical method and a cleaning reagent to obtain a manganese-based brazing filler metal strip with a clean surface;
and 6, carrying out cold rolling and on-line annealing on the brazing alloy sheet strip after electrochemical cleaning: the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip with a clean surface is cleaned, the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip is sent to a rolling mill to be rolled into a U-shaped groove, brazing flux powder is sent into the U-shaped groove, the U-shaped groove is further rolled and sealed, and the manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal strip is formed through online annealing;
and 7, carrying out rotary forging on the flux-cored solder: rolling and sealing the manganese-based flux-cored solder formed after online annealing, transferring the manganese-based flux-cored solder into a precision rotary forging machine for 3-pass rotary forging, and sizing after forging to obtain the round filamentous manganese-based flux-cored solder with the core, wherein the outer diameter of the round filamentous manganese-based flux-cored solder with the core is 1.8 mm;
and 8, performing shear forming on the manganese-based flux-cored solder after rotary forging and sizing: the manganese-based flux-cored solder obtained after rotary forging and sizing is sheared into manganese-based flux-cored solder wires which have the same length and the same specification and are convenient to package;
step 9, packaging the manganese-based flux-cored solder subjected to shear forming: packaging the manganese-based flux-cored solder with consistent specifications after shearing according to 200 pieces/box (bag), attaching a quality specification if the manganese-based flux-cored solder is qualified through inspection, and finally transferring to storage or transportation.
Comparison of brazing performance:
induction brazing performance ratios of the manganese-based cored solders prepared in the respective examples are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of induction brazing joint properties of manganese-based flux cored solder prepared in each example for different base materials
In the prior art, the joint of 2Cr13 stainless steel brazed by using the traditional manganese-based brazing filler metal gas protection has the shear strength of 200-500 MPa generally at room temperature; the joint brazed by the GH3128 nickel-base superalloy is protected by the traditional manganese-base brazing filler metal gas, and the shear strength is generally 90MPa to 250MPa at room temperature; the joint brazed with 304 stainless steel by using the traditional manganese-based brazing filler metal gas protection has the shear strength of 100-300 MPa generally at room temperature; as can be seen from Table 1, the joints formed by using the manganese-based flux-cored solder prepared by the invention to induction-braze stainless steel or high-temperature alloy have good room-temperature and high-temperature shear strength, and the gas-shielded brazing process performance of the joints is improved compared with that of the traditional manganese-based solder.
Melting temperature of the brazing filler metal:
in the embodiment 1-6 of the invention, the melting temperature of the solder alloy is between 880 ℃ and 1070 ℃, and the brazing temperature is 910 ℃ to 1120 ℃. In comparison, patent document CN200710050808.0 discloses a manganese-based brazing filler metal containing Ti as an active element, which is suitable for brazing molybdenum and its alloys, wherein the melting temperature of the alloy brazing filler metal is 920-1135 ℃, and the brazing temperature is 1000-1200 ℃. Therefore, the manganese-based solder prepared by the method can reduce the melting temperature of the solder alloy, and the energy consumption is obviously reduced compared with the traditional manganese-based solder.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The manganese-based flux-cored solder is characterized by comprising a manganese-based solder outer skin and inner core brazing flux powder wrapped in the manganese-based solder outer skin, wherein the manganese-based solder outer skin comprises the following alloy elements in percentage by mass: 22.5 to 30.0 percent of Ni, 20.0 to 35.0 percent of Cu, 10.5 to 15.5 percent of Zn, 2.0 to 7.0 percent of Cr, 2.0 to 5.0 percent of Co, 0.5 to 1.0 percent of Sn, 0 to 0.3 percent of Fe and the balance of Mn.
2. The manganese-based flux-cored solder according to claim 1, wherein the core flux powder consists of a mixture of borax, boric acid and fluorides, preferably the fluorides include one or more of potassium bifluoride, potassium fluoroborate, calcium fluoride and potassium fluoride.
3. The manganese-based flux-cored solder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the core flux powder consists of the following components in mass percent: 15.0 to 20.0 percent of borax, 32.5 to 56.5 percent of boric acid, 2.0 to 5.0 percent of calcium fluoride, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of potassium fluoride, 15.0 to 25.0 percent of potassium bifluoride and 10.0 to 15.0 percent of potassium fluoroborate.
4. The manganese-based flux-cored solder according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the flux-cored flux powder in the inner core accounts for 10-15% of the total mass of the manganese-based flux-cored solder; the outer diameter of the manganese-based flux-cored solder is 1.2 mm-2.5 mm.
5. The method for preparing the manganese-based flux cored solder of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises: smelting alloy component raw materials of the manganese-based brazing filler metal sheath, continuously casting a melt into a brazing filler metal strip, carrying out hot continuous rolling, carrying out electrochemical cleaning on the brazing filler metal strip subjected to hot continuous rolling, cold-rolling the brazing filler metal strip into a U-shaped groove, feeding brazing filler metal powder, carrying out rolling sealing, carrying out 1-3-pass rotary forging processing, and sizing to obtain the filamentous manganese-based flux-cored brazing filler metal; optionally, the smelting is gas-slag combined protection smelting.
6. The method according to claim 5, further comprising degassing and secondary refining after the alloy raw materials of each manganese-based brazing filler metal sheath are subjected to combined gas-slag protection smelting, preferably the combined gas-slag protection smelting is carried out under the protection of nitrogen, the smelting temperature ranges from 1350 ℃ to 1400 ℃, the smelting time ranges from 30min to 45min, preferably the degassing and secondary refining are carried out by using argon, and the flow rate of the argon is 25L/min to 75L/min.
7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the continuous casting is carried out under nitrogen protection, preferably at a pressure ranging from 0.2MPa to 0.6 MPa; optionally, the melt continuously flows through a water-cooled crystallizer to be directly continuously cast into a strip with the thickness of 8.0 mm-15.0 mm, and then hot continuous rolling is carried out.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the hot continuous rolling is carried out for 3-5 passes, the reduction rate of each pass is equal or reduced from front to back, and the maximum reduction rate of a single pass is 50%, preferably, the manganese-based brazing filler metal strip formed by the hot continuous rolling has a width of 20.0-50.0 mm and a thickness of 0.5-1.0 mm.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the number of swaging passes is 1-3, and the reduction rate is equal or reduced from front to back in each pass.
10. Use of a manganese based cored solder according to any of claims 1 to 4 for brazing of stainless steel, heat resistant steel and/or nickel based alloys.
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| CN114769945A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-07-22 | 中机智能装备创新研究院(宁波)有限公司 | High-activity flux-cored brazing filler metal for improving brazing strength of heterogeneous material and preparation method |
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| EP1036628A1 (en) * | 1998-09-28 | 2000-09-20 | Sumitomo Special Metals Company Limited | Brazing filler alloy for stainless steel, brazed structure manufactured by using the brazing filler alloy, and brazing filler material for stainless steel |
| CN101185992A (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2008-05-28 | 四川大学 | Manganese based solder containing active element Ti suitable for soldering molybdenum and alloy thereof |
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| US20160325385A1 (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2016-11-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Manganese-containing, cobalt-based high-temperature solder alloy, powder, component and soldering method |
| CN110029249A (en) * | 2019-04-13 | 2019-07-19 | 杭州辰卓科技有限公司 | Welding material between a kind of high Mn content copper-manganese damping alloy and 304 stainless steels |
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2020
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| EP1036628A1 (en) * | 1998-09-28 | 2000-09-20 | Sumitomo Special Metals Company Limited | Brazing filler alloy for stainless steel, brazed structure manufactured by using the brazing filler alloy, and brazing filler material for stainless steel |
| CN101185992A (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2008-05-28 | 四川大学 | Manganese based solder containing active element Ti suitable for soldering molybdenum and alloy thereof |
| US20160325385A1 (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2016-11-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Manganese-containing, cobalt-based high-temperature solder alloy, powder, component and soldering method |
| CN105945449A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-21 | 厦门大学 | Nickle-manganese base boron-free brazing filler metal |
| CN110029249A (en) * | 2019-04-13 | 2019-07-19 | 杭州辰卓科技有限公司 | Welding material between a kind of high Mn content copper-manganese damping alloy and 304 stainless steels |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114769945A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-07-22 | 中机智能装备创新研究院(宁波)有限公司 | High-activity flux-cored brazing filler metal for improving brazing strength of heterogeneous material and preparation method |
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| CN112427833B (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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