CN112427822A - Underframe manufacturing process - Google Patents
Underframe manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112427822A CN112427822A CN202011186853.0A CN202011186853A CN112427822A CN 112427822 A CN112427822 A CN 112427822A CN 202011186853 A CN202011186853 A CN 202011186853A CN 112427822 A CN112427822 A CN 112427822A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- floor
- welding
- manufacturing process
- fixing
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
Abstract
The invention provides a chassis manufacturing process, which belongs to the technical field of rail vehicles and comprises S100, respectively preparing an end beam, a sleeper beam, a traction beam, a sash, a floor, a lower cover plate and a cover plate; s200, fixing the end beam, the sleeper beam, the traction beam and the sash respectively by using an assembling tool, and welding to form a frame structure; the tool comprises a plurality of positioning pieces and a fixing frame, the positioning pieces are arranged on the fixing frame, and the positioning pieces are respectively used for positioning the relative positions of the end beam, the sleeper beam, the traction beam and the sash; s300, respectively fixing the floor and the lower cover plate on the frame structure, and welding the opening cover on the floor to form a bottom frame; and S400, detecting the underframe. The underframe manufacturing process solves the problems that in the prior art, the underframe machining and positioning procedures are complex, the efficiency is low, and errors are easy to generate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway vehicles, and particularly relates to a chassis manufacturing process.
Background
The application of the depressed center flat car is more and more extensive, and the depressed center flat car is born by adopting the floor surface of the depressed center part, and the height of the depressed center flat car after loading goods can not exceed the limit by reducing the height of the floor surface. In the process of machining the underframe of the depressed center flat car, the positioning procedure usually adopts a measuring and marking mode, the procedure is complex, the efficiency is low, and errors are easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a chassis manufacturing process, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the chassis machining and positioning process is complex, the efficiency is low, and errors are easy to generate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: there is provided a chassis manufacturing process including:
s100, respectively preparing an end beam, a sleeper beam, a traction beam, a sash, a floor, a lower cover plate and a cover plate;
s200, fixing the end beam, the sleeper beam, the traction beam and the sash respectively by using an assembling tool, and welding to form a frame structure; the tool comprises a plurality of positioning pieces and a fixing frame, the positioning pieces are arranged on the fixing frame, and the positioning pieces are respectively used for positioning the relative positions of the end beam, the sleeper beam, the traction beam and the sash;
s300, respectively fixing the floor and the lower cover plate on the frame structure, and welding the opening cover on the floor to form a bottom frame;
and S400, detecting the underframe.
As another embodiment of this application, the mount includes two fixed plates that are parallel to each other, the length of fixed plate with the length on floor is unanimous, the both ends of setting element respectively with two the fixed plate is connected, parallel arrangement each other between the mounting.
As another embodiment of this application, the draw beam includes the mainboard and locates respectively the curb plate of mainboard both sides, the curb plate with the mainboard passes through welding frock welded fastening, the draw beam divide into along the axial with the coupling subassembly be connected outer tip, with the intermediate part that the sleeper beam is connected and with the kink that the sash is connected, the manufacturing process of draw beam specifically includes:
s111, respectively arranging the welding tools at the two ends and the middle part of the main board;
s112, respectively arranging side plates on two sides of the main plate to enable the inner walls of the side plates to be attached to the welding tool;
and S113, welding the main plate and the side plate.
As another embodiment of this application, the welding frock includes two mutual parallel arrangement's limiting plate and connects two the backup pad of limiting plate, the limiting plate with the backup pad forms "worker" style of calligraphy structure, the both ends of limiting plate be used for with the curb plate laminating.
As another embodiment of this application, the lower cover plate is assembled by a plurality of plate bodies and is welded and formed, lower cover plate manufacturing process specifically includes:
s121, preparing a groove at the joint of the plate bodies, and reserving process allowance of 40-60mm at the free ends of the plate bodies at the two ends;
s122, forming a double V-shaped groove at the joint of the plate bodies;
s123, sequentially assembling the plate bodies;
s124, welding a first surface of the plate body by using a welding seam;
and S125, welding the second surface of the plate body after the frame structure is completed to form the lower cover plate.
As another embodiment of the present application, the floor is formed by splicing a plurality of panels, and the manufacturing process of the floor specifically includes:
s131, preparing a groove at the joint of the plates, and reserving a process allowance of 40-60mm at the free end of each plate;
s132, assembling the plate;
and S133, welding the plate.
As another embodiment of the present application, the S300 specifically includes:
s310, placing the frame structure on the floor;
s320, placing the fixing frame on the side wall of the floor, and aligning two ends of the fixing frame in the length direction with two ends of the floor respectively;
s330, adjusting the position of the frame structure on the floor along the length direction of the floor according to the position of the positioning piece;
s340, adjusting the position of the frame structure on the floor along the width direction of the floor;
s350, welding the floor on the frame structure;
s360, turning over a unit formed by the floor and the frame structure, and welding the lower cover plate and the frame structure to form the underframe.
As another embodiment of the present application, after the step S350, the method further includes:
and S360, polishing and inspecting the welding line of the bottom frame.
As another embodiment of the present application, the step S350 is followed by performing flame straightening to ensure that the flexibility of the bottom frame meets the requirement.
The underframe manufacturing process provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the manufacturing process of the underframe disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the assembly tool is adopted to position the relative positions of the end beam, the sleeper beam, the traction beam and the sash, the relative positions among the positioning pieces are the relative positions among the end beam, the sleeper beam, the traction beam and the sash, and the end beam, the sleeper beam, the traction beam and the sash are directly welded after being positioned according to the assembly tool, so that the positioning accuracy is improved, and the problems of low efficiency and large error caused by positioning in the traditional measuring and marking mode are solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a chassis manufacturing process provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a depressed center flatcar carrying device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the depressed center flat car load bearing device shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a draft sill employed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the draft sill shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a welding tool used in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an assembly fixture used in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the assembly fixture of FIG. 6;
fig. 9 is a use state diagram of the assembly tool adopted in the embodiment of the present invention when being welded to a floor.
In the figure: 1. an end beam; 2. a trailing beam; 2a, an outer end; 2b, an intermediate portion; 2c, bending part; 201. a main board; 202. a side plate; 3. a bolster; 4. a lower cover plate; 5. a floor; 6. a sash; 7. a flap; 8. assembling a tool; 801. a fixing plate; 802. a positioning member; 9. welding a tool; 901. a limiting plate; 902. and a support plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a process for manufacturing a bottom chassis according to the present invention will now be described. A chassis manufacturing process, comprising:
s100, respectively preparing an end beam 1, a sleeper beam 3, a traction beam 2, a sash 6, a floor 5, a lower cover plate 4 and a cover 6;
s200, respectively fixing the end beam 1, the sleeper beam 3, the traction beam 2 and the sash 6 by using an assembling tool 8, and welding to form a frame structure; the tool comprises a plurality of positioning pieces 802 and a fixing frame, wherein the positioning pieces 802 are arranged on the fixing frame, and the positioning pieces 802 are respectively used for positioning the relative positions of the end beam 1, the sleeper beam 3, the traction beam 2 and the sash 6;
s300, respectively fixing the floor 5 and the lower cover plate 4 on a frame structure, and welding an opening cover 6 on the floor 5 to form an underframe;
s400, detecting the chassis.
Compared with the prior art, the underframe manufacturing process provided by the invention has the advantages that the assembly tool 8 is adopted to position the relative positions of the end beam 1, the sleeper beam 3, the traction beam 2 and the sash 6, the relative positions of the positioning pieces 802 are the relative positions of the end beam 1, the sleeper beam 3, the traction beam 2 and the sash 6, and the end beam 1, the sleeper beam 3, the traction beam 2 and the sash 6 are welded after being positioned directly according to the assembly tool 8, so that the positioning accuracy is improved, and the problems of low efficiency and large error caused by positioning in the traditional measuring and scribing mode are solved.
The underframe comprises end beams 1, sleeper beams 3, traction beams 2, sash 6, a floor 5, a lower cover plate 4, a cover 6 and the like. Wherein, the traction beam 2 is arranged vertically to the sleeper beam 3 and forms an all-steel welded sash 6 structure with the sash 6; reinforcing webs are vertically arranged in the sleeper beam 3, the traction beam 2 and the sash 6 at intervals, so that the strength and the rigidity of the vehicle body are ensured while the self weight of the vehicle is reduced; the floor 5 is welded and fixed on the upper surface of the sash 6, the lower cover plate 4 is welded and fixed on the lower surfaces of the traction beam 2, the sleeper beam 3 and the sash 6, the end beam 1 is welded and fixed on the floor 5 and the two ends of the lower cover plate 4, the floor 5 is provided with an opening, the opening is provided with a cover 6, the cover 6 can be opened, so that a cavity formed by the lower cover plate 4 and the sash 6 can be used for placing tools; the draft sill 2 is a hollow sash 6 structure. The sash 6 is formed by assembling and welding a longitudinal web, a transverse web and a partition plate, and is welded with the floor 5, the lower cover plate 4 and the reinforcing plate group to form the sash 6; the sleeper beam 3 and the traction beam 2 are respectively of a double-web box-type variable cross-section structure formed by assembling and welding an upper cover plate 4, a lower cover plate 4, a web plate, a partition plate and the like, and the traction beam 2 is respectively welded and fixed with the sleeper beam 3 and the sash 6, so that the underframe forms an all-steel welded sash 6 structure.
As a specific embodiment of the chassis manufacturing process provided by the present invention, please refer to fig. 7 to 8, the fixing frame includes two fixing plates 801 parallel to each other, the length of the fixing plate 801 is the same as the length of the floor 5, two ends of the positioning element 802 are respectively connected to the two fixing plates 801, and the fixing elements are parallel to each other.
Set up setting element 802 between two parallel arrangement's fixed plate 801, reduced the quality of equipment frock 8 self, convenient transport. Meanwhile, the relative positions of the positioning pieces 802 are consistent with the relative positions of the end beam 1, the sleeper beam 3, the traction beam 2 and the sash 6, so that the end beam 1, the sleeper beam 3, the traction beam 2 and the sash 6 can be conveniently connected.
Specifically, the fixing plate 801 and the positioning member 802 can be processed by a laser cutting lamp, so that the precision is high and the error is small.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the draft sill 2 includes a main plate 201 and side plates 202 respectively disposed at two sides of the main plate 201, the side plates 202 are welded and fixed to the main plate 201 by a welding fixture 9, the draft sill 2 is axially divided into an outer end portion 2a connected to the coupler assembly, a middle portion 2b connected to the body bolster 3, and a bent portion 2c connected to the sash 6, and the manufacturing process of the draft sill 2 specifically includes:
s111, respectively arranging welding tools 9 at two ends and the middle part 2b of the main board 201;
s112, respectively arranging side plates 202 on two sides of the main plate 201, and enabling the inner walls of the side plates 202 to be attached to the welding tool 9;
and S113, welding the main plate 201 and the side plate 202.
The end face of the outer end portion 2a and the end face of the bent portion 2c are respectively provided with the welding tool 9, the middle portion 2b is provided with the welding tool 9, three-point positioning is formed, welding precision of the main plate 201 and the side plate 202 is improved, and errors caused by deformation of the side plate 202 or the main plate 201 in the welding process can be avoided.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, the welding tool 9 includes two parallel limiting plates 901 and a supporting plate 902 connecting the two limiting plates 901, the limiting plates 901 and the supporting plate 902 form an i-shaped structure, and two ends of the limiting plates 901 are used for being attached to the side plate 202.
The bottom surface of the limiting plate 901 positioned at the lower part is attached to the top surface of the main plate 201, the two ends of the limiting plate 901 are respectively attached to the side plates 202, the space between the two side plates 202 meets the requirement, the side plates 202 are prevented from inclining to affect the product precision, the quality of the tool is reduced, and materials are saved.
Specifically, since the height of the middle portion 2b of the draft sill 2 is smaller than the height of the outer end portion 2a and the height of the bent portion 2c, two welding tools 9 with different heights need to be provided so that the two limit plates 901 limit the side plates 202 respectively.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the lower cover plate 4 is formed by assembling and welding a plurality of plate bodies, and the manufacturing process of the lower cover plate 4 specifically includes:
s121, preparing grooves at the joints of the plate bodies, and reserving process allowance of 40-60mm at the free ends of the plate bodies at the two ends;
s122, forming a double V-shaped groove at the joint of the plate bodies;
s123, sequentially assembling the plate bodies;
s124, performing first-side weld joint welding on the plate body;
and S125, welding the second surface of the plate body after the frame structure is completed to form the lower cover plate 4.
Note that the "second surface" refers to a surface of the lower cover 4 to which the sash 6 is connected, and the "first surface" refers to a surface opposite to the "second surface".
The groove is precut at the joint of the plate bodies, the plate bodies are sequentially assembled, the lower cover plate 4 is large in thickness, single-side welding forming is adopted, deformation is easily caused, and meanwhile, the joint of a welding seam is not fastened after welding, so that double-side welding is needed. Compress tightly apron 4 and weld its first face down to after frame construction equipment is accomplished and is connected with apron 4 down, apron 4 welds its second face down in the upset, because of having connected frame construction on apron 4 down, reduced apron 4's deformation down when the welding, improved the welding precision.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the floor 5 is formed by splicing a plurality of panels, and the manufacturing process of the floor 5 specifically includes:
s131, preparing a groove at the joint of the plates, and reserving a process allowance of 40-60mm at the free end of each plate;
s132, assembling the plate;
and S133, welding the plate blocks.
Preparing grooves at the joints of the plates, reserving process allowance of 40-60mm at the free ends of the plates, sequentially assembling the plates of each group, welding, and cutting after welding to meet the prefabricated size to form the floor 5.
Preferably, the plate blocks are preferably six, every two plate blocks are in one group, and the groups are arranged along the axial direction of the underframe.
Preferably, a V-shaped groove is prepared on the middle group of plates, and a single-side welding and double-side forming process is adopted during welding.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 2 to 3, wherein S300 specifically includes:
s310, placing the frame structure on the floor 5;
s320, placing the fixing frame on the side wall of the floor 5, and aligning two ends of the fixing frame in the length direction with two ends of the floor 5 respectively;
s330, adjusting the position of the frame structure on the floor 5 along the length direction of the floor 5 according to the position of the positioning piece 802;
s340, adjusting the position of the frame structure on the floor 5 along the width direction of the floor 5;
s350, welding the floor 5 on the frame structure;
and S360, turning over a unit formed by the floor 5 and the frame structure, and welding the lower cover plate 4 and the frame structure to form the underframe.
Specifically, the web and the lower cover plate 4 arranged along the axial direction of the underframe are pre-warped respectively.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, after step S350, the method further includes:
s360, polishing and inspecting the welding line of the bottom frame.
And (5) polishing and checking the welding seam after welding is finished, and finishing the underframe.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, after the step S350, flame straightening is further performed to ensure that the flexibility of the bottom frame meets the requirement.
Because the frame is of an all-steel welded structure, a middle beam is not arranged, the rigidity of the whole vehicle is higher, and the flexibility adjustment difficulty after assembly is higher, the pre-bending is carried out in the preparation process, and flame straightening is carried out after the bottom frame is finished, so that the flexibility of the bottom frame is ensured to meet the requirement.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. Chassis manufacturing process, its characterized in that includes:
s100, respectively preparing an end beam, a sleeper beam, a traction beam, a sash, a floor, a lower cover plate and a cover plate;
s200, fixing the end beam, the sleeper beam, the traction beam and the sash respectively by using an assembling tool, and welding to form a frame structure; the tool comprises a plurality of positioning pieces and a fixing frame, the positioning pieces are arranged on the fixing frame, and the positioning pieces are respectively used for positioning the relative positions of the end beam, the sleeper beam, the traction beam and the sash;
s300, respectively fixing the floor and the lower cover plate on the frame structure, and welding the opening cover on the floor to form a bottom frame;
and S400, detecting the underframe.
2. The underframe manufacturing process of claim 1, wherein the fixing frame comprises two fixing plates parallel to each other, the length of the fixing plates is the same as that of the floor, two ends of the positioning piece are respectively connected with the two fixing plates, and the fixing pieces are arranged parallel to each other.
3. The underframe manufacturing process of claim 2, wherein the traction beam comprises a main plate and side plates respectively arranged on two sides of the main plate, the side plates and the main plate are welded and fixed through a welding tool, the traction beam is axially divided into an outer end part connected with a coupler assembly, a middle part connected with the sleeper beam and a bending part connected with the sash, and the manufacturing process of the traction beam specifically comprises the following steps:
s111, respectively arranging the welding tools at the two ends and the middle part of the main board;
s112, respectively arranging side plates on two sides of the main plate to enable the inner walls of the side plates to be attached to the welding tool;
and S113, welding the main plate and the side plate.
4. The underframe manufacturing process according to claim 3, wherein the welding tool comprises two limiting plates arranged in parallel and a supporting plate for connecting the two limiting plates, the limiting plates and the supporting plate form an I-shaped structure, and two ends of each limiting plate are used for being attached to the side plates.
5. The underframe manufacturing process of claim 3, wherein the lower cover plate is formed by splicing and welding a plurality of plate bodies, and the manufacturing process of the lower cover plate specifically comprises the following steps:
s121, preparing a groove at the joint of the plate bodies, and reserving process allowance of 40-60mm at the free ends of the plate bodies at the two ends;
s122, forming a double V-shaped groove at the joint of the plate bodies;
s123, sequentially assembling the plate bodies;
s124, welding a first surface of the plate body by using a welding seam;
and S125, welding the second surface of the plate body after the frame structure is completed to form the lower cover plate.
6. The underframe manufacturing process of claim 3, wherein the floor is formed by splicing a plurality of plate blocks, and the manufacturing process of the floor specifically comprises the following steps:
s131, preparing a groove at the joint of the plates, and reserving a process allowance of 40-60mm at the free end of each plate;
s132, assembling the plate;
and S133, welding the plate.
7. The chassis manufacturing process according to claim 2, wherein the S300 specifically includes:
s310, placing the frame structure on the floor;
s320, placing the fixing frame on the side wall of the floor, and aligning two ends of the fixing frame in the length direction with two ends of the floor respectively;
s330, adjusting the position of the frame structure on the floor along the length direction of the floor according to the position of the positioning piece;
s340, adjusting the position of the frame structure on the floor along the width direction of the floor;
s350, welding the floor on the frame structure;
s360, turning over a unit formed by the floor and the frame structure, and welding the lower cover plate and the frame structure to form the underframe.
8. The chassis manufacturing process of claim 7, further comprising, after the step S350:
and S360, polishing and inspecting the welding line of the bottom frame.
9. The chassis manufacturing process of claim 7, further comprising performing flame straightening after the step S350 to ensure that the chassis deflection meets requirements.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011186853.0A CN112427822A (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Underframe manufacturing process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011186853.0A CN112427822A (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Underframe manufacturing process |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112427822A true CN112427822A (en) | 2021-03-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011186853.0A Pending CN112427822A (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Underframe manufacturing process |
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| CN (1) | CN112427822A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112975180A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-06-18 | 青岛四方庞巴迪铁路运输设备有限公司 | Process method for longitudinal dimension discharge of aluminum alloy underframe frame assembly |
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Application publication date: 20210302 |
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