CN112427643B - Soldering flux, soldering paste and sintering welding method for iron-based powder metallurgy sintering - Google Patents
Soldering flux, soldering paste and sintering welding method for iron-based powder metallurgy sintering Download PDFInfo
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- CN112427643B CN112427643B CN202011064726.3A CN202011064726A CN112427643B CN 112427643 B CN112427643 B CN 112427643B CN 202011064726 A CN202011064726 A CN 202011064726A CN 112427643 B CN112427643 B CN 112427643B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/103—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing an organic binding agent comprising a mixture of, or obtained by reaction of, two or more components other than a solvent or a lubricating agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/302—Cu as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
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Abstract
The invention relates to a soldering flux, a soldering paste and a sintering welding method for iron-based powder metallurgy sintering, wherein the soldering flux for the iron-based powder metallurgy sintering is characterized by comprising, by mass, 10% -50% of rosin, 1% -5% of polybutene, 0.1% -5% of polyamide wax, 5% -10% of ethanol and the balance of petroleum ether. The polybutylene can improve heat resistance, diffusivity and wettability, has good weldability, all components of the soldering flux are organic matters, can be burnt out in the subsequent sintering process, has no influence on metallurgical parts, is uniformly mixed with the soldering flux and the brazing filler metal to prepare pasty brazing paste, and achieves the purpose of welding two components after cooling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy of iron or iron alloy, and particularly relates to a soldering flux for iron-based powder metallurgy sintering, soldering paste prepared by using the soldering flux and a sintering welding method by using the soldering paste.
Background
Powder metallurgy is an environment-friendly mass production technology which is energy-saving, material-saving, excellent in performance, high in product precision and good in stability, and is widely applied to iron-based and copper-based materials.
Due to the complex configuration of part of special workpieces, one-step forming cannot be realized, and the special workpieces need to be formed separately during forming and then combined together through a sintering welding method. The selection of brazing filler metal and how to process the brazing filler metal are difficult problems faced by sintering brazing. The requirements for the brazing filler metal during welding are as follows: the solder is better to spread, no welding leakage exists, and the pores are less. The requirements on the soldering flux are as follows: the flux is burned off as much as possible with no or little residue.
For example, the chinese invention patent "soldering flux" with patent number zl201310252596.x (publication number CN103341701B) discloses a soldering flux, which at least comprises polybutene, rosin, and an alcohol ester surfactant, and further comprises an active agent and an anti-sagging agent, wherein the active agent can be ethanol, and the anti-sagging agent can be fatty acid amide or fatty wax, and the like.
The brazing filler metals in the current market are tin-based brazing filler metals, copper-based brazing filler metals, silver-based brazing filler metals, copper-based brazing filler metals, nickel-based brazing filler metals and the like. For example, the invention of Chinese patent application "copper-zinc brazing paste", the patent number of which is CN201611084354.4 (application publication number is CN 106736010A), discloses a copper-zinc brazing paste, which is characterized in that the copper-zinc brazing paste is prepared by mixing, by weight, 60-70% of copper-zinc powder brazing filler metal, 15-25% of boride and fluoride composite brazing flux, 10-30% of alcohol solvent, 0.5-2% of triethanolamine and 0.02-0.3% of softening agent, wherein the copper-zinc powder brazing filler metal is prepared from the following raw materials: 52-58% of copper, 0.8-1.2% of tin, 0.6-1.8% of bismuth, 0.16-0.36% of silicon, 0.02-0.2% of indium, 0.02-0.06% of germanium and the balance of zinc. As another example, chinese patent application, material and method for preparing nickel-based solder paste, whose patent number is CN201711374346.8 (application publication number is CN108285997A), discloses a material for preparing nickel-based solder paste, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: nickel: 6-7 parts; nickel-boron master alloy: 1-2 parts; chromium: 0.6-0.7 part; silicon: 0.4-0.6 part; iron powder: 0.2-0.4 part; niobium powder: 0.12-0.15 part; tungsten powder: 0.1-0.5 part; impurities: less than or equal to 0.5 portion.
For iron-based powder metallurgy parts, less other elements need to be introduced in sintering welding or metal elements capable of being dissolved in iron are introduced, and more other elements (such as niobium, tungsten, indium, germanium and the like) are introduced in the above patent, which can have adverse effects on the performance of a welding seam or a welding piece, such as niobium forming carbide with carbon and reducing the strength and toughness of the welding piece; tungsten forms brittle phases in welding seams, and the phenomenon of welding leakage is easily caused by reducing the fluidity of brazing materials. Therefore, the above-mentioned brazing filler metal and brazing paste are not well suited for use in the iron-based powder metallurgy industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a flux for iron-based powder metallurgy sintering, which is stable and has good diffusivity in view of the current situation of the prior art.
The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a solder paste which uses the above flux to improve the fluidity of the solder during sintering so as to reduce the pores of the solder joint.
The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sintering welding method for reducing weld joint pores in view of the current situation of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the first technical problem is as follows: the soldering flux for iron-based powder metallurgy sintering is characterized by comprising, by mass, 10% -50% of rosin, 1% -5% of polybutene, 0.1% -5% of polyamide wax, 5% -10% of ethanol and the balance of petroleum ether.
Preferably, the molecular weight of the polybutene ranges from 800 to 1000, and the molecular weight of the polyamide wax ranges from 600 to 800. The molecular weight of the polybutene is less than 800, the viscosity is low, the polybutene is difficult to form paste, the molecular weight is more than 1000, the viscosity is too high, and the fluidity is poor. The molecular weight of the polyamide wax is less than 600, the anti-settling property is poor, the molecular weight of the polyamide wax is more than 800, and the polyamide wax is not easy to disperse uniformly.
Specifically, the boiling range of the petroleum ether is 60-90 ℃. The boiling range of petroleum ether is low, and the petroleum ether is volatile in the stirring process, so that the uniform mixing of the soldering flux and the brazing filler metal is influenced; when the petroleum ether with the boiling range of 60-90 ℃ is adopted to prepare the soldering paste, the production is more stable, and the paste forming effect is good.
Preferably, the soldering flux is prepared by dissolving rosin in petroleum ether, adding polybutylene and stirring uniformly, and finally adding polyamide wax and ethanol and stirring. By adopting the feeding sequence, the stirring time of the soldering flux can be effectively reduced, and the production rhythm is accelerated.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the second technical problem is as follows: the soldering paste using the soldering flux is characterized by comprising the soldering flux and a solder, wherein the weight ratio of the soldering flux to the solder is (1.5-2.5): 4.
the brazing filler metal takes one of the forms: the brazing filler metal is nickel-based brazing filler metal which comprises, by mass, 38% -42% of Cu, 39% -43% of Ni, 1.5% -2.0% of Si and 13% -17% of Mn. By adopting the nickel-based brazing filler metal, impurity elements are introduced less, and the brazing filler metal has good fluidity.
The brazing filler metal adopts the second form: the brazing filler metal is copper-based brazing filler metal, and comprises, by mass, 45% -50% of Cu, 9% -14.8% of Ni, 35% -45% of Zn and 0.15% -0.2% of Si. By adopting the copper-based brazing filler metal, impurity elements are introduced less, and the brazing filler metal has good flowing property.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the third technical problem is as follows: the sintering welding method using the soldering paste is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps of:
1) coating of
Coating the brazing paste on a welding part of the iron-based powder metallurgy part;
2) sintering
Sintering the metallurgical part obtained in the step 1) under the nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere or vacuum condition.
Specifically, in the step 2), the sintering temperature is 1100-1300 ℃, and the sintering time is 10-240 min. When the sintering temperature is too low or the sintering time is short, the welding leakage phenomenon can occur, and when the sintering temperature is too high or the sintering time is too long, the energy consumption can be increased.
In the step 1), the coating thickness of the soldering paste is 0.1 mm-1 mm. The brazing paste coating thickness is too thin, so that insufficient brazing filler metal between parts and welding leakage are easy to occur; the solder overflow is easy to occur when the coating thickness of the soldering paste is too thick, and the appearance of the part is seriously influenced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the soldering flux has the advantages that the rosin, the polybutene, the polyamide wax, the ethanol and the petroleum ether interact, the polybutene can improve the heat resistance, the diffusivity and the wettability, the soldering performance is good, the polyamide wax has a good anti-settling effect, the stability of soldering paste can be ensured, all components of the soldering flux are organic matters, the soldering flux can be burnt out in the subsequent sintering process, and no influence is caused on parts. When a welding part is assembled and filled, the flowing amplitude of the pasty brazing paste is small, mechanical coating is adopted, certain continuity is achieved, production is facilitated, and production efficiency is improved; the invention has better sintering welding effect, the brazing filler metal and the surface of the part are better spread after sintering welding, the pores among welding lines are less, and no obvious welding missing trace exists; the method has simple process, is suitable for sintering and welding processing of pure iron and various iron alloy parts, has universality and is beneficial to popularization and large-scale production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a sintered weld of the powder metallurgy part in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a sintered weld of the powder metallurgy part in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a sintered weld of the powder metallurgy part in example 3;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a sintered weld of the powder metallurgy part in example 4.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a first preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. This example is illustrated with a conventional iron-copper-carbon powder metallurgy.
The soldering flux of the embodiment comprises, by mass, 30% of rosin, 4% of polybutene, 0.1% of polyamide wax, 5% of ethanol and the balance of petroleum ether. Wherein, petroleum ether is used as solvent, the boiling range of the petroleum ether is 60-90 ℃, the molecular weight of the polybutene is 800, and the molecular weight of the polyamide wax is 600. When the soldering flux is prepared, at the ambient temperature of 10 ℃, 30% of rosin is dissolved in petroleum ether, then 4% of polybutene is added and stirred uniformly, finally 0.1% of polyamide wax and 5% of ethanol are added and stirred for 10min at the stirring speed of 1400rpm, and the soldering flux is obtained.
The brazing filler metal of the embodiment adopts a copper-based brazing filler metal, and the copper-based brazing filler metal comprises 46% of Cu, 9.85% of Ni, 44% of Zn and 0.15% of Si in percentage by mass.
The soldering paste of the embodiment comprises the soldering flux and the copper-based solder, wherein the weight ratio of the soldering flux to the copper-based solder is 1.5: and 4, mixing the soldering flux, the soldering flux and the copper-based solder according to the weight ratio of 1.5:4 during the preparation of the soldering paste, stirring for 5min at the stirring speed of 100rpm, and preparing the soldering paste after uniform stirring.
The sintering welding method using the soldering paste in the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps of:
1) coating of
Coating the brazing paste on the welding part of the iron-based powder metallurgy assembly to be welded, wherein the coating thickness of the brazing paste is 0.3 mm;
2) sintering
Sintering in a mesh belt furnace, wherein the sintering atmosphere is a nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere, the sintering time is 30min at the sintering temperature of 1120 ℃, and cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished; the sectional topography of the sintering welding seam is shown in fig. 1, and it can be known from fig. 1 that the solder is well spread and has no obvious welding leakage.
Example 2:
fig. 2 shows a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. This example takes an iron-nickel based powder metallurgy as an example.
The soldering flux of the embodiment comprises, by mass, 40% of rosin, 3% of polybutene, 0.3% of polyamide wax, 5% of ethanol and the balance of petroleum ether. Wherein, petroleum ether is used as solvent, the boiling range of the petroleum ether is 60-90 ℃, the molecular weight of the polybutene is 900, and the molecular weight of the polyamide wax is 700. When the soldering flux is prepared, 40% of rosin is dissolved in petroleum ether at the ambient temperature of 20 ℃, then 3% of polybutene is added and stirred uniformly, and finally 0.3% of polyamide wax and 5% of ethanol are added and stirred for 10min at the stirring speed of 1400rpm to obtain the soldering flux.
The brazing filler metal of the embodiment adopts nickel-based brazing filler metal, and the nickel-based brazing filler metal comprises, by mass, 40% of Cu, 42% of Ni, 1.8% of Si and 16.2% of Mn.
The brazing paste of the embodiment comprises the soldering flux and the nickel-based brazing filler metal, wherein the weight ratio of the soldering flux to the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 2: and 4, mixing the soldering flux, the soldering flux and the nickel-based brazing filler metal according to the weight ratio of 2:4 during the preparation of the brazing paste, stirring for 5min at the stirring speed of 100rpm, and preparing the brazing paste after uniformly stirring.
The sintering welding method using the solder paste in the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) coating of
Coating the brazing paste on the welding part of an iron-based powder metallurgy assembly to be welded, wherein the coating thickness of the brazing paste is 1 mm;
2) sintering
Sintering in a mesh belt furnace, wherein the sintering atmosphere is a nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere, the sintering time is 30min at the sintering temperature of 1120 ℃, and cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished; the sectional topography of the sintering welding seam is shown in fig. 2, and it can be seen from fig. 2 that the solder is well spread, no obvious welding leakage phenomenon occurs, and the pores are less.
Example 3:
fig. 3 shows a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. This example takes a 316 stainless steel alloy powder metallurgy as an example.
The flux of the embodiment comprises, by mass, 45% of rosin, 2% of polybutene, 0.5% of polyamide wax, 5% of ethanol, and the balance petroleum ether. Wherein, petroleum ether is used as solvent, the boiling range of the petroleum ether is 60-90 ℃, the molecular weight of the polybutene is 1000, and the molecular weight of the polyamide wax is 800. When the soldering flux is prepared, at the ambient temperature of 30 ℃, 45% of rosin is dissolved in petroleum ether, then 2% of polybutene is added and stirred uniformly, finally 0.5% of polyamide wax and 5% of ethanol are added and stirred for 10min at the stirring speed of 1400rpm, and the soldering flux is obtained.
The brazing filler metal of the embodiment adopts a nickel-based brazing filler metal, and the nickel-based brazing filler metal comprises, by mass, 42% of Cu, 43% of Ni, 2% of Si and 13% of Mn.
The brazing paste of the embodiment comprises the soldering flux and the nickel-based brazing filler metal, wherein the weight ratio of the soldering flux to the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 1.5: and 4, mixing the soldering flux, the soldering flux and the nickel-based brazing filler metal according to the weight ratio of 1.5:4 during the preparation of the brazing paste, stirring for 5min at the stirring speed of 100rpm, and preparing the brazing paste after uniform stirring.
The sintering welding method using the solder paste in the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) coating of
Coating the brazing paste on the welding part of the iron-based powder metallurgy assembly to be welded, wherein the coating thickness of the brazing paste is 0.3 mm;
2) sintering of
Sintering in a mesh belt furnace, wherein the sintering atmosphere is a nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere, the sintering time is 30min at the sintering temperature of 1280 ℃, and cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished; the cross-sectional topography of the sintered weld seam is shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen from fig. 3 that the solder is well spread, no obvious missing welding phenomenon occurs, and the pores are less.
Example 4:
fig. 4 shows a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. This example takes a 316 stainless steel alloy powder metallurgy as an example.
The soldering flux of the embodiment comprises, by mass, 35% of rosin, 4% of polybutene, 0.4% of polyamide wax, 6% of ethanol and the balance of petroleum ether. Wherein, petroleum ether is used as solvent, the boiling range of the petroleum ether is 60-90 ℃, the molecular weight of the polybutene is 800, and the molecular weight of the polyamide wax is 600. When the soldering flux is prepared, at the ambient temperature of 10 ℃, firstly 35% of rosin is dissolved in petroleum ether, then 4% of polybutene is added and stirred uniformly, finally 0.4% of polyamide wax and 6% of ethanol are added and stirred for 10min at the stirring speed of 1400rpm, and the soldering flux is obtained.
The brazing filler metal of the embodiment adopts a copper-based brazing filler metal, and the copper-based brazing filler metal comprises, by mass, 50% of Cu, 11% of Ni, 38.8% of Zn and 0.2% of Si.
The soldering paste of the embodiment comprises the soldering flux and the copper-based solder, wherein the weight ratio of the soldering flux to the copper-based solder is 2.5: and 4, mixing the soldering flux, the soldering flux and the copper-based solder according to the weight ratio of 2.5:4 during the preparation of the soldering paste, stirring for 5min at the stirring speed of 100rpm, and preparing the soldering paste after uniform stirring.
The sintering welding method using the solder paste in the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) coating of
Coating the brazing paste on the welding part of the iron-based powder metallurgy assembly to be welded, wherein the coating thickness of the brazing paste is 0.3 mm;
2) sintering
Sintering in a mesh belt furnace, wherein the sintering atmosphere is nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere, the sintering time is 30min at the sintering temperature of 1260 ℃, and furnace cooling is carried out after the heat preservation is finished; the cross-sectional topography of the sintered weld seam is shown in fig. 4, and it can be seen from fig. 4 that the solder is well spread, no obvious missing welding phenomenon occurs, and the pores are less.
Example 5:
this example illustrates a 316 stainless steel alloy powder metallurgy in combination with an iron-nickel powder metallurgy assembly.
The flux of the embodiment comprises, by mass, 45% of rosin, 4% of polybutene, 0.1% of polyamide wax, 10% of ethanol, and the balance petroleum ether. Wherein, petroleum ether is used as solvent, the boiling range of the petroleum ether is 60-90 ℃, the molecular weight of the polybutene is 1000, and the molecular weight of the polyamide wax is 800. When the soldering flux is prepared, at the ambient temperature of 30 ℃, 45% of rosin is dissolved in petroleum ether, then 4% of polybutene is added and stirred uniformly, finally 0.1% of polyamide wax and 10% of ethanol are added and stirred for 10min at the stirring speed of 1400rpm, and the soldering flux is obtained.
The brazing filler metal of the embodiment adopts a nickel-based brazing filler metal, and the nickel-based brazing filler metal comprises, by mass, 38% of Cu, 43% of Ni, 2% of Si and 17% of Mn.
The brazing paste of the embodiment comprises the soldering flux and the nickel-based brazing filler metal, wherein the weight ratio of the soldering flux to the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 1.5: and 4, mixing the soldering flux, the soldering flux and the nickel-based brazing filler metal according to the weight ratio of 1.5:4 during the preparation of the brazing paste, stirring for 5min at the stirring speed of 100rpm, and preparing the brazing paste after uniform stirring.
The sintering welding method using the solder paste in the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) coating of
Coating the brazing paste on the welding part of the iron-based powder metallurgy assembly to be welded, wherein the coating thickness of the brazing paste is 0.5 mm;
2) sintering of
Sintering in a mesh belt furnace, wherein the sintering atmosphere is nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere, the sintering time is 30min at the sintering temperature of 1220 ℃, and cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished.
Example 6:
this example illustrates an iron-copper-carbon powder metallurgy part and an iron-nickel powder metallurgy assembly.
The flux of the embodiment comprises, by mass, 45% of rosin, 4% of polybutene, 0.1% of polyamide wax, 10% of ethanol, and the balance petroleum ether. Wherein, petroleum ether is used as solvent, the boiling range of the petroleum ether is 60-90 ℃, the molecular weight of the polybutene is 1000, and the molecular weight of the polyamide wax is 800. When the soldering flux is prepared, at the ambient temperature of 30 ℃, 45% of rosin is dissolved in petroleum ether, then 4% of polybutene is added and stirred uniformly, finally 0.1% of polyamide wax and 10% of ethanol are added and stirred for 10min at the stirring speed of 1400rpm, and the soldering flux is obtained.
The brazing filler metal of the embodiment adopts a nickel-based brazing filler metal, and the nickel-based brazing filler metal comprises, by mass, 40% of Cu, 43% of Ni, 1.5% of Si and 15.5% of Mn.
The brazing paste of the embodiment comprises the soldering flux and the nickel-based brazing filler metal, wherein the weight ratio of the soldering flux to the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 2: and 4, mixing the soldering flux, the soldering flux and the nickel-based brazing filler metal according to the weight ratio of 2:4 during the preparation of the brazing paste, stirring for 5min at the stirring speed of 100rpm, and preparing the brazing paste after uniformly stirring.
The sintering welding method using the solder paste in the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) coating of
Coating the brazing paste on the welding part of the iron-based powder metallurgy assembly to be welded, wherein the coating thickness of the brazing paste is 0.5 mm;
2) sintering
Sintering in a mesh belt furnace, wherein the sintering atmosphere is nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere, the sintering time is 30min at the sintering temperature of 1120 ℃, and cooling along with the furnace after heat preservation is finished.
Example 7:
this example illustrates an iron-copper-carbon powder metallurgy with a 40Cr assembly.
The flux of the embodiment comprises, by mass, 45% of rosin, 4% of polybutene, 0.1% of polyamide wax, 10% of ethanol, and the balance petroleum ether. Wherein, petroleum ether is used as solvent, the boiling range of the petroleum ether is 60-90 ℃, the molecular weight of the polybutene is 1000, and the molecular weight of the polyamide wax is 800. When the soldering flux is prepared, at the ambient temperature of 30 ℃, 45% of rosin is dissolved in petroleum ether, then 4% of polybutene is added and stirred uniformly, finally 0.1% of polyamide wax and 10% of ethanol are added and stirred for 10min at the stirring speed of 1400rpm, and the soldering flux is obtained.
The brazing filler metal of the embodiment adopts a nickel-based brazing filler metal, and the nickel-based brazing filler metal comprises, by mass, 42% of Cu, 41% of Ni, 1.5% of Si and 15.5% of Mn. The nickel-based brazing filler metal is required to have a particle size of <100 μm.
The brazing paste of the embodiment comprises the soldering flux and the nickel-based brazing filler metal, wherein the weight ratio of the soldering flux to the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 2: and 4, mixing the soldering flux, the soldering flux and the nickel-based solder according to the weight ratio of 2:4 during the preparation of the soldering paste, stirring for 5min at the stirring speed of 100rpm, and preparing the soldering paste after uniform stirring.
The sintering welding method using the solder paste in the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) coating of
Coating the brazing paste on the welding part of the iron-based powder metallurgy assembly to be welded, wherein the coating thickness of the brazing paste is 0.3 mm;
2) sintering
Sintering in a mesh belt furnace, wherein the sintering atmosphere is nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere, the sintering time is 30min at the sintering temperature of 1120 ℃, and cooling along with the furnace after heat preservation is finished.
Example 8:
this example takes an iron-nickel based powder metallurgy as an example.
The soldering flux of the embodiment comprises, by mass, 50% of rosin, 1% of polybutene, 5% of polyamide wax, 5% of ethanol and the balance petroleum ether. Wherein, petroleum ether is used as solvent, the boiling range of the petroleum ether is 60-90 ℃, the molecular weight of the polybutene is 900, and the molecular weight of the polyamide wax is 700. When the soldering flux is prepared, 50% of rosin is dissolved in petroleum ether at the ambient temperature of 20 ℃, then 1% of polybutene is added and stirred uniformly, finally 5% of polyamide wax and 5% of ethanol are added and stirred for 20min at the stirring speed of 1700rpm, and the soldering flux is obtained.
The brazing filler metal of the embodiment adopts a nickel-based brazing filler metal, and the nickel-based brazing filler metal comprises, by mass, 42% of Cu, 39% of Ni, 2% of Si and 17% of Mn.
The brazing paste of the embodiment comprises the soldering flux and the nickel-based brazing filler metal, wherein the weight ratio of the soldering flux to the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 2: and 4, mixing the soldering flux, the soldering flux and the nickel-based brazing filler metal according to the weight ratio of 2:4 during the preparation of the brazing paste, stirring for 5min at the stirring speed of 100rpm, and preparing the brazing paste after uniformly stirring.
The sintering welding method using the solder paste in the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) coating of
Coating the brazing paste on the welding part of the iron-based powder metallurgy assembly to be welded, wherein the coating thickness of the brazing paste is 0.1 mm;
2) sintering
Sintering in a mesh belt furnace, wherein the sintering atmosphere is nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere, the sintering time is 10min at the sintering temperature of 1300 ℃, and cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished.
Example 9:
this example is illustrated with a conventional iron-copper-carbon powder metallurgy.
The flux of the embodiment comprises, by mass, 10% of rosin, 5% of polybutene, 0.1% of polyamide wax, 5% of ethanol, and the balance petroleum ether. Wherein, petroleum ether is used as solvent, the boiling range of the petroleum ether is 60-90 ℃, the molecular weight of the polybutene is 800, and the molecular weight of the polyamide wax is 600. When the soldering flux is prepared, at the ambient temperature of 10 ℃, 10% of rosin is dissolved in petroleum ether, then 5% of polybutene is added and stirred uniformly, finally 0.1% of polyamide wax and 5% of ethanol are added and stirred for 30min at the stirring speed of 1500rpm, and the soldering flux is obtained.
The brazing filler metal of the embodiment adopts a copper-based brazing filler metal, and the copper-based brazing filler metal comprises, by mass, 45% of Cu, 9.84% of Ni, 45% of Zn and 0.16% of Si.
The soldering paste of the embodiment comprises the soldering flux and the copper-based solder, wherein the weight ratio of the soldering flux to the copper-based solder is 1.5: and 4, mixing the soldering flux, the soldering flux and the copper-based solder according to the weight ratio of 1.5:4 during the preparation of the soldering paste, stirring for 5min at the stirring speed of 100rpm, and preparing the soldering paste after uniform stirring.
The sintering welding method using the solder paste in the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:
1) coating of
Coating the soldering paste on the welding part of the iron-based powder metallurgy assembly to be welded, wherein the coating thickness of the soldering paste is 0.3 mm;
2) sintering of
Sintering in a mesh belt furnace, wherein the sintering atmosphere is nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere, the sintering time is 240min at the sintering temperature of 1100 ℃, and cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished.
Example 10:
this example is illustrated with a conventional iron-copper-carbon powder metallurgy.
The soldering flux of the embodiment comprises, by mass, 10% of rosin, 5% of polybutene, 0.1% of polyamide wax, 8% of ethanol and the balance of petroleum ether. Wherein, petroleum ether is used as solvent, the boiling range of the petroleum ether is 60-90 ℃, the molecular weight of the polybutene is 800, and the molecular weight of the polyamide wax is 600. When the soldering flux is prepared, at the ambient temperature of 10 ℃, 10% of rosin is dissolved in petroleum ether, then 5% of polybutene is added and stirred uniformly, finally 0.1% of polyamide wax and 8% of ethanol are added and stirred for 30min at the stirring speed of 1500rpm, and the soldering flux is obtained.
The brazing filler metal of the embodiment adopts a copper-based brazing filler metal, and the copper-based brazing filler metal comprises, by mass, 50% of Cu, 14.8% of Ni, 35% of Zn and 0.2% of Si.
The soldering paste of the embodiment comprises the soldering flux and the copper-based solder, wherein the weight ratio of the soldering flux to the copper-based solder is 1.5: and 4, mixing the soldering flux, the soldering flux and the copper-based solder according to the weight ratio of 1.5:4 during the preparation of the soldering paste, stirring for 5min at the stirring speed of 100rpm, and preparing the soldering paste after uniform stirring.
The sintering welding method using the soldering paste in the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps of:
1) coating of
Coating the brazing paste on the welding part of the iron-based powder metallurgy assembly to be welded, wherein the coating thickness of the brazing paste is 0.3 mm;
2) sintering
Sintering in a mesh belt furnace, wherein the sintering atmosphere is nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere, the sintering time is 240min at the sintering temperature of 1100 ℃, and cooling along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished.
Claims (4)
1. The soldering paste is characterized by comprising a soldering flux and a brazing filler metal, wherein the weight ratio of the soldering flux to the brazing filler metal is (1.5-2.5): 4, the brazing filler metal is a nickel-based brazing filler metal or a copper-based brazing filler metal, the nickel-based brazing filler metal comprises, by mass, 38% -42% of Cu, 39% -43% of Ni, 1.5% -2.0% of Si and 13% -17% of Mn, and the copper-based brazing filler metal comprises, by mass, 45% -50% of Cu, 9% -14.8% of Ni, 35% -45% of Zn and 0.15% -0.2% of Si; the flux comprises, by mass, 10% -50% of rosin, 1% -5% of polybutene, 0.1% -5% of polyamide wax, 5% -10% of ethanol and the balance of petroleum ether, wherein the molecular weight of the polyamide wax is 600-800, the molecular weight of the polybutene is 800-1000, the boiling range of the petroleum ether is 60-90 ℃, and the flux is prepared by dissolving the rosin in the petroleum ether, adding the polybutene to the petroleum ether, stirring the polybutene uniformly, and finally adding the polyamide wax and the ethanol to the petroleum ether, and stirring the polybutene and the ethanol.
2. The solder paste of claim 1, wherein: the soldering paste is prepared by stirring soldering flux and solder at the ambient temperature of 10-30 ℃.
3. A sintering welding method using the solder paste according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the following steps in order:
1) coating of
Coating the brazing paste on a welding part of the iron-based powder metallurgy part;
2) sintering
Sintering the metallurgical part obtained in the step 1) under the nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere or vacuum condition.
4. The sinter welding method of claim 3, wherein: in the step 2), the sintering temperature is 1100-1300 ℃, and the sintering time is 10-240 min; in the step 1), the coating thickness of the soldering paste is 0.1 mm-1 mm.
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| CN101224525A (en) * | 2008-01-21 | 2008-07-23 | 广州瀚源电子科技有限公司 | Lead-free pasty solder and preparing method thereof |
| CN101224528B (en) * | 2008-01-21 | 2010-11-17 | 广州瀚源电子科技有限公司 | Electronic assembly lead-free welding paste scaling powder and preparing method thereof |
| CN102179644B (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-12-26 | 东莞永安科技有限公司 | Soldering flux |
| CN103341701B (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2015-08-19 | 升贸电子科技(重庆)有限公司 | Soft soldering scaling powder |
| CN104858571B (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2017-03-01 | 深圳市同方电子新材料有限公司 | A kind of stannum bismuth system lead-free tin cream halogen-free flux and preparation method thereof |
| EP3392036B1 (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2022-03-30 | Kaneka Corporation | Method for producing laminate, and laminate |
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