CN112421221A - Antenna module and customer premises equipment - Google Patents
Antenna module and customer premises equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112421221A CN112421221A CN202011187480.9A CN202011187480A CN112421221A CN 112421221 A CN112421221 A CN 112421221A CN 202011187480 A CN202011187480 A CN 202011187480A CN 112421221 A CN112421221 A CN 112421221A
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 226
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001883 metal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
Abstract
The application relates to an antenna module and customer premises equipment, and the antenna module includes base plate and antenna. The substrate has opposing first and second surfaces. The antenna is arranged on the first surface and comprises more than 3 radiation units which are rotationally symmetrical, and included angles between every two adjacent radiation units are equal. Each radiation unit comprises a first radiation group and a second radiation group which are in mirror symmetry, the first radiation group at least comprises a first radiation arm and a second radiation arm which are arranged at intervals, and the length of the first radiation arm is larger than that of the second radiation arm. The second radiation group at least comprises a third radiation arm and a fourth radiation arm which are arranged at intervals, the third radiation arm is arranged corresponding to the first radiation arm and is used for radiating first frequency band signals, and the fourth radiation arm is arranged corresponding to the second radiation arm and is used for radiating second frequency band signals. When the antenna module is used as a transmitting antenna, the characteristic of multi-band low directivity coefficient can be obtained, the gain of the transmitting antenna can be reduced, and the requirement of regional regulations can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna module and customer premises equipment.
Background
A Customer Premise Equipment (CPE) is a mobile signal access device for receiving and forwarding a mobile signal as a WIFI signal, and is also a device for converting a 4G or 5G signal into a WIFI signal. The customer premises equipment is generally placed indoors for use, and can support a plurality of terminal devices (such as mobile phones, tablet computers and the like) to access a network simultaneously.
The existing transmitting antenna of the customer premises equipment is continuously evolving towards the direction of high efficiency and high gain, the coverage range of antenna signals can be improved by increasing the gain of the transmitting antenna, but the regional regulations generally have clear limits on the gain of the transmitting antenna, and the problem that the gain of the transmitting antenna exceeds the standard is easily caused by increasing the gain of the transmitting antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an antenna module and customer premises equipment, and the antenna can be used for customer premises equipment to reduce the gain of antenna, satisfy the requirement of region regulation.
An antenna module, comprising:
a substrate having a first surface and a second surface oppositely disposed; and
the antenna is arranged on the first surface and comprises more than 3 radiation units which are rotationally symmetrical, and included angles between adjacent radiation units are equal; each radiation unit comprises a first radiation group and a second radiation group which are in mirror symmetry, the first radiation group at least comprises a first radiation arm and a second radiation arm which are arranged at intervals, and the length of the first radiation arm is greater than that of the second radiation arm; the second radiation group at least comprises a third radiation arm and a fourth radiation arm which are arranged at intervals, the third radiation arm corresponds to the first radiation arm and is used for radiating first frequency band signals, and the fourth radiation arm corresponds to the second radiation arm and is used for radiating second frequency band signals.
Above-mentioned antenna module, because the antenna that sets up in first surface includes that more than 3 are rotational symmetry's radiating element and the contained angle between the adjacent radiating element equals, each antenna includes first radiation group and second radiation group, the third radiating arm of second radiation group corresponds the setting with the first radiating arm of first radiation group and is used for radiating first frequency channel signal, the fourth radiating arm of second radiation group corresponds the setting with the second radiating arm of first radiation group and is used for radiating second frequency channel signal, antenna module can be used to radiate the signal of two frequency channels at least, and the horizontal qxcomm of radiation pattern has been realized and horizontal polarization has been realized, and antenna module's directivity factor is lower. When the antenna module is used as a transmitting antenna of customer premises equipment, the characteristic of multi-band low directivity coefficient can be obtained, and the gain of the transmitting antenna can be reduced under the condition of ensuring the radiation efficiency so as to meet the requirements of regional regulations.
In one embodiment, the first radiation group further includes a fifth radiation arm, the second radiation group further includes a sixth radiation arm, the fifth radiation arm and the sixth radiation arm are correspondingly disposed and are used for radiating a third frequency band signal, the fifth radiation arm, the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are both disposed at an interval, and the length of the fifth radiation arm is smaller than that of the second radiation arm.
In one embodiment, the fifth radiation arm, the second radiation arm, and the first radiation arm are sequentially arranged from a rotational symmetry center of the radiation unit to an edge of the substrate.
In one embodiment, the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm and the fifth radiating arm are all straight or all arc-shaped.
In one embodiment, each of the radiating elements further includes a first transmission line and a second transmission line disposed on the first surface and spaced apart from each other, the first transmission line is connected to ends of the first, second, and fifth radiating arms close to the second radiating group, and the second transmission line is connected to ends of the third, fourth, and sixth radiating arms close to the first radiating group.
In one embodiment, the first transmission line and the second transmission line are straight and parallel to each other.
In one embodiment, a through hole penetrating through the first surface and the second surface is formed in the rotational symmetry center of the radiating element, the antenna module further includes a coaxial feed line penetrating through the through hole, an outer conductor of the coaxial feed line is connected to the first transmission line, and an inner conductor of the coaxial feed line is connected to the second transmission line.
In one embodiment, the number of the radiation units is 3, 4 or 5.
In one embodiment, the substrate is a printed circuit board and has a rectangular shape.
The customer premises equipment comprises a shell and the antenna module, wherein the antenna module is connected to the shell.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system architecture according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a client premises equipment in one embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna module according to an embodiment;
fig. 4 is a front view of the antenna module shown in fig. 3;
fig. 5 is a rear view of the antenna module shown in fig. 3;
FIG. 6 is a current simulation diagram of the antenna module shown in FIG. 3 at 2.6 GHz;
FIG. 7 is a current simulation diagram of the antenna module shown in FIG. 3 at 3.5 GHz;
FIG. 8 is a current simulation diagram of the antenna module shown in FIG. 3 at 3.9 GHz;
FIG. 9 is a 3D pattern diagram of the antenna module shown in FIG. 3 at 2.6 GHz;
FIG. 10 is a 3D pattern diagram of the antenna module shown in FIG. 3 at 3.5 GHz;
FIG. 11 is a 3D pattern diagram of the antenna module shown in FIG. 3 at 3.9 GHz;
FIG. 12 is a graph of directivity coefficients of the antenna module shown in FIG. 3 at 2.6GHz, 3.5GHz and 3.9 GHz;
fig. 13 is a schematic view of an antenna module according to another embodiment.
Reference numerals:
10. customer premises equipment 11, casing 12, antenna module
121. Substrate 12a, first surface 12b, second surface
12c, a radiating element 123, an antenna 1231, a first radiating group
A1, a first radiation arm A2, a second radiation arm A3 and a fifth radiation arm
1233. A second radiation group B1, a third radiation arm B2 and a fourth radiation arm
B3, sixth radiating arm 1235, first transmission line 1237, second transmission line
125. Coaxial feed line 13, interface 131, power source interface
133. USB interface 135, network cable interface 136, telephone interface
14. Key 20, first base station 30 and terminal equipment
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present application are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a network system architecture according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The customer premises equipment 10 is used to implement a network access function that can convert the operator public network WAN to the user home local area network LAN. According to the current internet broadband access mode, the access modes can be classified into FTTH (fiber to the home), DSL (digital telephone line access), Cable (Cable television line access), Mobile (Mobile access, i.e. wireless CPE) and the like. The client front-end device 10 is also a mobile signal access device that receives a mobile signal and forwards the mobile signal as a WIFI signal, and is capable of converting a 4G or 5G signal into a WIFI signal, and supporting a plurality of terminal devices 30, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, and the like, to access a network.
In the system architecture shown in fig. 1, the client premise equipment 10 may be connected to a first base station 20 in a first network system and access a core (core) network through the first base station 20. In addition, the vicinity of the customer premises equipment 10 may or may not be deployed with the cell and the second base station of the second network system. The first network system is different from the second network system, for example, the first network system may be a 4G network system, and the second network system may be a 5G network system; alternatively, the first Network system may be a 5G Network system, and the second Network system may be a future PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network) system evolved after 5G; the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit what kind of radio frequency system the first network system and the second network system specifically belong to.
When the customer premises equipment 10 is connected to the 5G network system, the customer premises equipment 10 may transmit and receive data to and from a corresponding base station through a beam formed by the 5G millimeter wave antenna module, and the beam needs to be directed to an antenna beam of the base station, so as to facilitate the customer premises equipment 10 to transmit uplink data to the base station or receive downlink data transmitted by the base station.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in an embodiment, the customer premises equipment 10 includes a housing 11 and a circuit board (not shown), and a radio frequency system disposed in the housing 11, the radio frequency system including an antenna module 12, the radio frequency system being electrically connected to the circuit board. Further, in the present embodiment, the housing 11 forms a mounting cavity, and the circuit board and the rf system are mounted in the mounting cavity and supported, positioned and protected by the housing 11. In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the housing 11 is substantially cylindrical, and the external appearance of the customer premises equipment 10 is mainly presented by the housing 11. In other embodiments, the housing 11 may take other shapes such as a prism shape, etc. The circuit board may be provided with a plurality of interfaces 13 exposed to the housing 11, and the interfaces 13 are electrically connected to the circuit board. In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the interface 13 includes a power interface 131, a USB interface 133, a network cable interface 135, a telephone interface 136, and the like. The power interface 131 is used to connect an external power source to supply power to the client front-end device 10, the USB interface 133 is used for data transmission between the client front-end device 10 and the external device, and the telephone interface 136 is used for external connection of a fixed telephone. Of course, the USB interface 133 and the power interface 131 may be integrated to simplify the arrangement of the interface 13 of the client front end device 10. The network cable interface 135 may further include a wired network access terminal and a wired network output terminal. Customer premises equipment 10 may be connected to the network via a wired network access port and then to other devices via one or more wired network output ports. Of course, in some embodiments, the network interface 135 and the telephone interface 136 may be integrated to simplify the arrangement of the interface 13 of the client front end device 10. Of course, in some embodiments, the wired network output may be the default, that is, after the client front-end device 10 accesses the network using the wired network input, the wired network is converted into a wireless network (for example, WiFi) by using the radio frequency system, so that the external device can access the network. Of course, both the wired network access terminal and the wired network output terminal may be omitted, and in this embodiment, the customer premises equipment 10 may access a cellular network (also referred to as a mobile network) through the radio frequency system and then convert into a WiFi signal for an external device to access the network.
Referring to fig. 2, the housing 11 may further be provided with a key 14 or the like, and the key 14 is used for controlling the operation state of the client front device 10. For example, the user may activate the client front-end device 10 or deactivate the client front-end device 10 by pressing the key 14. Of course, the housing 11 may be further provided with an indicator light or the like for prompting the operating state of the customer premises equipment 10. In some embodiments, the keys 14 and the plurality of interfaces 13 are disposed on the same side of the circuit board and exposed to the same side of the housing 11, which facilitates assembly of the keys 14 and the interfaces 13 with the circuit board, improves appearance characteristics of the customer premises equipment 10, and can improve convenience of use. Of course, this arrangement may be replaced by other arrangements, for example, the interface 13 and the keys 14 may be exposed on different sides of the housing 11, respectively.
The radio frequency system can comprise a 4G antenna module, a 5G antenna module and an antenna module for transceiving WiFi signals or Bluetooth signals. The 5G antenna module can comprise a sub-6G antenna radio frequency module and a millimeter wave antenna radio frequency module, wherein the sub-6G antenna radio frequency module is used for receiving and transmitting antenna signals in a sub-6GHz frequency band, and the millimeter wave antenna radio frequency module is used for receiving and transmitting antenna signals in a millimeter wave frequency band. The millimeter wave antenna rf module may provide a bandwidth of more than 100M continuously and a very large data throughput, so that the customer premises equipment 10 has a relatively high communication performance. Further, the sub-6G antenna rf module may include an rf transceiver, a plurality of rf front-end modules, and N antennas, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The N antennas may include directional antennas and/or omni-directional antennas. The N antennas may transmit and receive radio frequency signals in a predetermined frequency band, for example, the N antennas may be NR directional antennas or NR omni-directional antennas, and are configured to transmit and receive 5G signals. A Directional antenna (Directional antenna) is an antenna that emits and receives electromagnetic waves in one or more specific directions with a strong intensity, and emits and receives electromagnetic waves in other directions with a null or minimum intensity. The omnidirectional antenna shows 360-degree uniform radiation on a horizontal directional diagram, has no directivity, shows a beam with a certain width on a vertical directional diagram, and generally, the smaller the lobe width is, the larger the gain is.
Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the antenna module 12 is a part of the rf system of the customer premises equipment 10, which can be used for transmitting 4G signals or 5G signals. In other embodiments, the antenna module 12 may also be used to transmit future PLMN system signals that evolve after 5G. The antenna module 12 includes a substrate 121 and an antenna 123, and in conjunction with fig. 4 and 5, the substrate 121 has a first surface 12a and a second surface 12b disposed opposite to each other. In the present embodiment, the substrate 121 is a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), and the substrate 121 is a substantially rectangular thin plate. In other embodiments, the substrate 121 may be a PC (polycarbonate) board, and the substrate 121 may have other shapes. The antenna 123 is disposed on the first surface 12a and includes more than 3 radiation units 12c that are rotationally symmetric, and the included angles between adjacent radiation units 12c are equal. With reference to fig. 4, one of the radiation elements 12c is located within the area enclosed by the dashed box c, and the other radiation elements 12c may be determined in a similar manner. Each radiation unit 12c includes a first radiation group 1231 and a second radiation group 1233 in mirror symmetry, the first radiation group 1231 includes at least a first radiation arm a1 and a second radiation arm a2 disposed at an interval, and the length of the first radiation arm a1 is greater than that of the second radiation arm a 2. The second radiation group 1233 at least includes a third radiation arm B1 and a fourth radiation arm B2 that are disposed at intervals, the third radiation arm B1 is disposed corresponding to the first radiation arm a1 and is used for radiating a first frequency band signal, and the fourth radiation arm B2 is disposed corresponding to the second radiation arm a2 and is used for radiating a second frequency band signal.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first surface 12a is provided with 4 radiation units 12c having rotational symmetry, and an included angle between adjacent radiation units 12c is 90 degrees. In other embodiments, 3 radiation units 12c with rotational symmetry may be provided, and the included angle between adjacent radiation units 12c is 120 degrees; or 5 radiation units 12c with rotational symmetry may be provided, and an included angle between adjacent radiation units 12c is 72 degrees; or more than 5 radiation units 12c with rotational symmetry can be provided, which will not be described herein.
In some embodiments, the first, second, third and fourth radiation arms a1, a2, B1 and B2 of the radiation unit 12c may be formed on the substrate 121 by using a metal evaporation process, so that the first, second, third and fourth radiation arms a1, a2, B1 and B2 form a reliable connection with the substrate 121. In other embodiments, the first radiating arm a1, the second radiating arm a2, the third radiating arm B1, and the fourth radiating arm B2 of the radiating unit 12c may be formed on the first surface 12a of the substrate 121 using a Laser Direct Structuring (LDS) technique, or may be formed on the first surface 12a of the substrate 121 using a process such as etching, bonding, or the like.
Further, the first radiation group 1231 may further include a fifth radiation arm A3, the second radiation group 1233 further includes a sixth radiation arm B3, the fifth radiation arm A3 and the sixth radiation arm B3 are correspondingly disposed and are used for radiating a third frequency band signal, the fifth radiation arm A3, the first radiation arm a1 and the second radiation arm a2 are disposed at an interval, and the length of the fifth radiation arm A3 is smaller than that of the second radiation arm a 2. In other words, in the first radiation group 1231, the lengths of the first radiation arm a1, the second radiation arm a2, and the fifth radiation arm A3 are sequentially decreased. Since the length of the radiating arms directly determines the center frequency of the radiated signal, the center frequency of the signal that the first radiating arm a1 can radiate is smaller than that of the second radiating arm a2, and the center frequency of the signal that the second radiating arm a2 can radiate is smaller than that of the fifth radiating arm A3.
Since the first radiation group 1231 and the second radiation group 1233 are mirror-symmetrical, the lengths of the third radiation arm B1, the fourth radiation arm B2 and the sixth radiation arm B3 are sequentially decreased. Since the length of the radiating arms directly determines the center frequency of the radiated signal, the center frequency of the signal that can be radiated by the third radiating arm B1 is smaller than the center frequency of the signal that can be radiated by the fourth radiating arm B2, and the center frequency of the signal that can be radiated by the fourth radiating arm B2 is smaller than the center frequency of the signal that can be radiated by the sixth radiating arm B3.
Further, in the present embodiment, the fifth radiation arm A3, the second radiation arm a2, and the first radiation arm a1 are arranged in this order from the rotational symmetry center of the radiation unit 12c toward the edge of the substrate 121. Since the first radiation group 1231 and the second radiation group 1233 are mirror-symmetrical, the sixth radiation arm B3, the fourth radiation arm B2, and the third radiation arm B1 are also sequentially arranged from the rotational symmetry center of the radiation unit 12c toward the edge of the substrate 121. The first radiation arm A1 and the third radiation arm B1 form a first dipole antenna for radiating a first frequency band signal; the second radiation arm a2 and the fourth radiation arm B2 form a second dipole antenna for radiating a second frequency band signal; the fifth radiating arm a3 and the sixth radiating arm B3 form a third dipole antenna for radiating a third frequency band signal. Because there are a plurality of radiation units 12c, the radiation arms of the dipole antennas for radiating signals of the same frequency band in each radiation unit 12c can be fed with current signals to form a dipole antenna array unit composed of a plurality of dipole antennas, and the dipole antennas convert the fed-in conductive traveling waves into electromagnetic waves propagating in free space and form a radiation field, so that the omnidirectional characteristic and the horizontal polarization characteristic on the horizontal plane can be realized.
Further, in the present embodiment, the first radiation arm a1, the second radiation arm a2, and the fifth radiation arm A3 are all straight, and the first radiation group 1231 and the second radiation group 1233 are mirror-symmetrical, so that the third radiation arm B1, the fourth radiation arm B2, and the sixth radiation arm B3 are all straight. A straight shape is simply understood as the length direction of the radiating arm extending in a straight line. In the embodiment in which the substrate 121 has a rectangular thin plate shape, the first radiation arm a1, the second radiation arm a2, and the fifth radiation arm A3 may all be disposed parallel to the sides of the rectangle, and since the first radiation group 1231 and the second radiation group 1233 are mirror-symmetric, the third radiation arm B1, the fourth radiation arm B2, and the sixth radiation arm B3 are also all disposed parallel to the sides of the rectangle. The distance between the first radiating arm a1 and the second radiating arm a2, and the distance between the second radiating arm a2 and the fifth radiating arm A3 may be equal or unequal. The length of the third dipole antenna formed by the fifth radiation arm a3 and the sixth radiation arm B3 may be slightly smaller than the side length of the rectangle.
Further, in the present embodiment, for any of the radiation units 12c, the ends of the first radiation arm a1, the second radiation arm a2, and the fifth radiation arm A3 close to the second radiation group 1233 are substantially flush, and the ends of the third radiation arm B1, the fourth radiation arm B2, and the sixth radiation arm B3 close to the first radiation group 1231 are substantially flush. Each radiating element 12c further includes a first transmission line 1235 and a second transmission line 1237 disposed on the first surface 12a and spaced apart from each other, the first transmission line 1235 is connected to one ends of the first radiating arm a1, the second radiating arm a2, and the fifth radiating arm A3 near the second radiating group 1233, and the second transmission line 1237 is connected to one ends of the third radiating arm B1, the fourth radiating arm B2, and the sixth radiating arm B3 near the first radiating group 1231. The first transmission line 1235 and the second transmission line 1237 are used to feed current signals, and the dipole antenna converts the fed conductive traveling wave into an electromagnetic wave propagating in a free space and forms a radiation field.
Further, the first transmission line 1235 and the second transmission line 1237 are both straight and parallel to each other. In conjunction with fig. 5, the second surface 12b of the substrate 121 may be provided with a corresponding feeding structure, and together with the first and second transmission lines 1235, 1237 of the first surface 12a, form a feeding network for feeding all the radiating elements 12 c. For example, in some embodiments, the rotational symmetry center of the radiating element 12c is opened with a through hole (not shown) penetrating through the first surface 12a and the second surface 12b, the antenna module 12 may further include a coaxial feed line 125 penetrating through the through hole, one of an outer conductor and an inner conductor of the coaxial feed line 125 is connected to the first transmission line 1235, and the other is connected to the second transmission line 1237. For example, the outer conductor of the coaxial feed line 125 may be connected to the first transmission line 1235 and the inner conductor may be connected to the second transmission line 1237, or the inner conductor of the coaxial feed line 125 may be connected to the first transmission line 1235 and the outer conductor may be connected to the second transmission line 1237. In other embodiments, other devices may be used to feed the first and second transmission lines 1235, 1237.
When the coaxial feed line 125 feeds the current signal to the radiating element 12c through the first transmission line 1235 and the second transmission line 1237, since the first transmission line 1235 is disposed in parallel with the second transmission line 1237, the current in the first transmission line 1235 and the current in the second transmission line 1237 are in opposite phases, and for any radiating element 12c, the current in the first transmission line 1235 and the current in the second transmission line 1237 act as a mutual cancellation. For example, when the antenna module 12 radiates a first frequency band signal, the current is mainly concentrated in the outer loop formed by the 4 groups of the first radiating arm a1 and the third radiating arm B1; when the antenna module 12 radiates a second frequency band signal, the current is mainly concentrated in the intermediate ring formed by the 4 groups of the second radiating arm a2 and the fourth radiating arm B2; when the antenna module 12 radiates a third frequency band signal, the current is mainly concentrated in the inner loop formed by the fifth radiating arm a3 and the sixth radiating arm B3. Reference may be made to the current simulation diagrams of the antenna module 12 of fig. 6 to 8.
For example, in this embodiment, the first dipole antenna composed of the first radiation arm a1 and the third radiation arm B1 may be used to radiate signals of a B41 frequency band (2496MHz to 2690MHz) of 4G LTE, that is, a frequency band corresponding to the first frequency band signal is B41; the second dipole antenna composed of the second radiation arm a2 and the fourth radiation arm B2 can be used for radiating signals of a B42 frequency band (3.4 GHz-3.6 GHz) of 4G LTE, that is, a frequency band corresponding to the second frequency band signal is B42; the third dipole antenna composed of the fifth radiation arm a3 and the sixth radiation arm B3 can be used for radiating signals of an n77 frequency band (3.3 GHz-4.2 GHz) of 5G NR, that is, the frequency band corresponding to the third frequency band signal is n 77.
Referring to fig. 6, light color in fig. 6 represents high current density, and dark color represents low current density, and it can be seen from fig. 6 that the current at 2.6GHz (center frequency of B41) is mainly concentrated on the outer ring formed by the plurality of groups of the first radiation arm a1 and the third radiation arm B1, and forms an in-phase current loop. Currents of the second radiating arm a2 and the fourth radiating arm B2 in the same radiating element 12c are in opposite phases and cancel each other out; the currents of the fifth radiating arm a3 and the sixth radiating arm B3 in the same radiating element 12c are in opposite phases and cancel each other out.
Referring to fig. 7, the light color in fig. 7 represents high current density and the dark color represents low current density. As can be seen from fig. 7, the currents at the 3.5GHz point (the center frequency of B42) are mainly concentrated in the outer loop formed by the plurality of groups of the first radiation arm a1 and the third radiation arm B1 and the middle loop formed by the plurality of groups of the second radiation arm a2 and the fourth radiation arm B2, but the currents of the first radiation arm a1 and the third radiation arm B1 in the same radiation unit 12c are opposite in phase and cancel each other. Therefore, only the middle loop formed by the plurality of sets of the second radiating arm a2 and the fourth radiating arm B2 forms an in-phase current loop, that is, the middle loop determines the radiation of 3.5G.
Referring to fig. 8, light color in fig. 8 represents high current density and dark color represents low current density. As can be seen from fig. 8, the 3.9GHz frequency point (the center frequency of n 77) current is mainly concentrated in the inner loop formed by the groups of fifth radiating arm A3 and sixth radiating arm B3, and forms an in-phase current loop, so that the radiation of 3.9G is determined by the inner loop routing. At this time, the currents of the outer ring formed by the multiple groups of the first radiating arm A1 and the third radiating arm B1 are weaker and are offset in opposite phases; the current of the middle ring formed by the multiple groups of the second radiation arm A2 and the fourth radiation arm B2 is weaker, and the currents are cancelled out in opposite phases.
Referring to fig. 9, 10, and 11, fig. 9 shows a 3D pattern of a 2.6GHz frequency point (center frequency of B41), fig. 10 shows a 3D pattern of a 3.5GHz frequency point (center frequency of B42), and fig. 11 shows a 3D pattern of a 3.9GHz frequency point (center frequency of n 77).
As can be seen from fig. 9, the 3D pattern at the 2.6GHz frequency point (center frequency of B41) is horizontally omnidirectional, with a maximum gain of 1.4 dBi; the 3D directional diagram of the 3.5GHz frequency point (the center frequency of B42) is horizontally omnidirectional, and the maximum gain is 0.3 dBi; the 3D pattern at 3.9GHz frequency point (center frequency of n 77) is horizontally omnidirectional with a maximum gain of 0.2 dBi.
Referring to fig. 12, fig. 12 shows a directivity coefficient D diagram of the antenna module 12 according to the present disclosure at 2.6GHz, 3.5GHz, and 3.9 GHz. As can be seen from fig. 12, the directivity coefficients corresponding to the frequency points of 2.6GHz are 2.0771dBi, the directivity coefficient corresponding to the frequency point of 3.5GHz is 1.3502dBi, and the directivity coefficient corresponding to the frequency point of 3.9GHz is 1.1968dBi, which are all less than 2.5dBi, and can meet the requirements of regional regulations.
In the antenna module 12, since the antenna 123 disposed on the first surface 12a includes more than 3 rotationally symmetric radiating elements 12c and the included angles between adjacent radiating elements 12c are equal, each antenna 123 includes the first radiating group 1231 and the second radiating group 1233, the third radiating arm B1 of the second radiating group 1233 is disposed corresponding to the first radiating arm a1 of the first radiating group 1231 and is used for radiating the first frequency band signal, the fourth radiating arm B2 of the second radiating group 1233 is disposed corresponding to the second radiating arm a2 of the first radiating group 1231 and is used for radiating the second frequency band signal, the antenna module 12 can be used for radiating signals of at least two frequency bands, and the horizontal omnidirectional characteristic of the radiation pattern is realized. Since the current is on the first surface 12a of the substrate 121, the substrate 121 is horizontally disposed, and the polarization mode of the antenna module 12 is horizontal polarization. Compared with a vertical polarization antenna adopted in the conventional customer premises equipment 10, the horizontal polarization antenna module 12 disclosed in the present application can meet the requirement of the multi-polarization technology evolution route of the antenna of the customer premises equipment 10. Furthermore, the antenna module 12 disclosed in the present disclosure has a low directivity coefficient, and when used as a transmitting antenna of the customer premises equipment 10, the antenna module can obtain the characteristic of a multiband low directivity coefficient, and can reduce the gain of the transmitting antenna under the condition of ensuring the radiation efficiency, so as to meet the requirements of regional regulations.
It is understood that in other embodiments, the arrangement of the radiating arms in any radiating element 12c may have other arrangements. For example, the first radiating arm a1 may be located at the outermost side of the substrate 121, and the fifth radiating arm A3 and the second radiating arm a2 are sequentially arranged toward the rotational symmetry center of the radiating element 12 c. For another example, the second radiating arm a2 may be located at the outermost side of the substrate 121, and the fifth radiating arm A3 and the first radiating arm a1 are sequentially arranged toward the rotational symmetry center of the radiating element 12 c. As another example, the fifth radiating arm A3 may be located at the outermost side of the substrate 121, and the second radiating arm a2 and the first radiating arm a1 are sequentially arranged toward the rotational symmetry center of the radiating element 12 c. The first radiating arm a1, the second radiating arm a2, and the fifth radiating arm A3 may have other arrangements, which are not described herein. Since the first radiation group 1231 and the second radiation group 1233 in the radiation unit 12c are mirror-symmetric, the third radiation arm B1, the fourth radiation arm B2, and the sixth radiation arm B3 in the second radiation group 1233 may be arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the first radiation arm a1, the second radiation arm a2, and the fifth radiation arm A3 of the first radiation group 1231.
It is understood that, in other embodiments, the first dipole antenna formed by first radiating arm a1 and third radiating arm B1, the second dipole antenna formed by second radiating arm a2 and fourth radiating arm B2, and the third dipole antenna formed by fifth radiating arm A3 and sixth radiating arm B3 may also be used for radiating signals of other frequency bands, respectively. For example, the first dipole antenna composed of the first radiation arm a1 and the third radiation arm B1 may be used to radiate signals of other frequency bands of 5G NR; the second dipole antenna composed of the second radiation arm a2 and the fourth radiation arm B2, and the third dipole antenna composed of the fifth radiation arm A3 and the sixth radiation arm B3 may be used to radiate signals of other frequency bands of 4G LTE.
Referring to fig. 13, in other embodiments, the first radiating arm a1, the second radiating arm a2, and the fifth radiating arm A3 may each have an arc shape. In other words, the length directions of the first radiation arm a1, the second radiation arm a2, and the fifth radiation arm A3 extend along an arc. Since first radiation group 1231 and second radiation group 1233 are mirror symmetric, third radiation arm B1, fourth radiation arm B2, and sixth radiation arm B3 may each have an arc shape. In fig. 13, one of the radiation elements 12c is located within the area circled by the dashed box c, and the other radiation elements 12c may be determined in a similar manner. In this embodiment, the feeding network of the antenna module 12 may adopt a structure similar to the straight radiating arm described above, and since the effects of the currents in the first transmission line 1235 and the second transmission line 1237 can be considered to be cancelled out, the currents still concentrate on the loop formed by the corresponding radiating arm during the process of transmitting the first frequency band signal, the second frequency band signal, and the third frequency band signal of the antenna module 12, so as to achieve the horizontal omnidirectional characteristic of the radiation pattern and obtain a relatively low directivity coefficient.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna module, comprising:
a substrate having a first surface and a second surface oppositely disposed; and
the antenna is arranged on the first surface and comprises more than 3 radiation units which are rotationally symmetrical, and included angles between adjacent radiation units are equal; each radiation unit comprises a first radiation group and a second radiation group which are in mirror symmetry, the first radiation group at least comprises a first radiation arm and a second radiation arm which are arranged at intervals, and the length of the first radiation arm is greater than that of the second radiation arm; the second radiation group at least comprises a third radiation arm and a fourth radiation arm which are arranged at intervals, the third radiation arm corresponds to the first radiation arm and is used for radiating first frequency band signals, and the fourth radiation arm corresponds to the second radiation arm and is used for radiating second frequency band signals.
2. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein the first radiating group further comprises a fifth radiating arm, the second radiating group further comprises a sixth radiating arm, the fifth radiating arm and the sixth radiating arm are correspondingly disposed and configured to radiate a third frequency band signal, the fifth radiating arm, the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are disposed at an interval, and the length of the fifth radiating arm is smaller than that of the second radiating arm.
3. The antenna module of claim 2, wherein the fifth radiating arm, the second radiating arm and the first radiating arm are sequentially arranged from a rotational symmetry center of the radiating element to an edge of the substrate.
4. The antenna module of claim 2, wherein the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, and the fifth radiating arm are all straight or all arc-shaped.
5. The antenna module of claim 2, wherein each of the radiating elements further comprises a first transmission line and a second transmission line disposed on the first surface and spaced apart from each other, the first transmission line is connected to ends of the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm and the fifth radiating arm near the second radiating group, and the second transmission line is connected to ends of the third radiating arm, the fourth radiating arm and the sixth radiating arm near the first radiating group.
6. The antenna module of claim 5, wherein the first transmission line and the second transmission line are straight and parallel to each other.
7. The antenna module of claim 6, wherein a through hole is formed through the first surface and the second surface at a rotational symmetry center of the radiating element, the antenna module further comprises a coaxial feed line passing through the through hole, an outer conductor of the coaxial feed line is connected to the first transmission line, and an inner conductor of the coaxial feed line is connected to the second transmission line.
8. The antenna module of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the number of radiating elements is 3, 4, or 5.
9. The antenna module of claim 8, wherein the substrate is a printed circuit board and has a rectangular shape.
10. A customer premises equipment comprising a housing and an antenna module according to any of claims 1-9, said antenna module being connected to said housing.
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| CN202011187480.9A CN112421221A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Antenna module and customer premises equipment |
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| CN202011187480.9A CN112421221A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Antenna module and customer premises equipment |
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| CN112421221A true CN112421221A (en) | 2021-02-26 |
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