CN112420158B

CN112420158B - Acupuncture manipulation quantification system and method

Info

Publication number: CN112420158B
Application number: CN202011326740.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭敏
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-11-24
Filing date: 2020-11-24
Publication date: 2021-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-24
Also published as: CN112420158A

Abstract

The invention discloses a acupuncture manipulation quantification system, which comprises an acupuncture needle, a signal acquisition module, a signal modulation module, a signal quantification module, a signal transmission module and a signal analysis module, wherein the acupuncture manipulation quantification method comprises the steps of S1, performing acupuncture operation by using the acupuncture needle, and S2, performing filtering amplification processing on an acupuncture manipulation voltage induction signal based on the signal modulation module to obtain an acupuncture manipulation analog signal, converting the acupuncture manipulation analog signal into a digital signal by the signal quantification module, and transmitting the digital signal to the signal analysis module for quantification processing and analysis by the signal transmission module; the invention utilizes experimental acupuncture to analyze the induced voltage fluctuation generated by the magnetic field, thereby measuring whether the acupuncture manipulation is standard by one person, and the quantitative acquisition by electric signals is quicker and more accurate, and the basic research on the acupuncture manipulation is deeper and more thorough.

Description

Acupuncture manipulation quantification system and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a system and a method for quantifying acupuncture manipulation, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine teaching.

Background

Acupuncture and moxibustion is a treasure in traditional Chinese medicine and is a corner stone in the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine. As an important part of the theory of acupuncture, compared with the modern western medicine, acupuncture has the advantages of effectiveness, safety, simplicity, no side effect and the like, and makes great contribution to the medical care industry of human beings for hundreds of years. Acupuncture has a long history in China, is firstly seen in the book of the internal classic of Imperial emperor of traditional Chinese medicine, discusses the operation method of acupuncture with yin and yang, five elements, viscera, meridians and collaterals, spirit, qi and blood and the like as main contents, and lays a theoretical foundation for learning and inheriting acupuncture manipulations. With the increasing influence of China, the communication range of east-west culture is continuously expanded, traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture starts to move to the world, acupuncture therapy learning is carried out in more than 140 areas in the world at present, and acupuncture therapy is paid more and more attention.

The needling treatment process is actually a process of reinforcing and reducing by applying various manipulations on the basis of the clear differentiation of deficiency and excess to determine the acupuncture points. The earliest Ming Dynasty, the "reinforcing and reducing method of this language, not only breathing but also finger method, was recorded in the book of the great achievements of acupuncture and moxibustion. "explain that reasonable and correct needling manipulations have a great influence on the clinical efficacy of needling. Acupuncture therapy, as a physical stimulation therapy, involves a problem of the amount of stimulation during the treatment. The records of the "cold weather without thorns and warm weather" in the "Nei Jing & Ba Zheng Shen Ming Lun (treatise on the Ming Lun of the eight Zheng Shen)" mean that yang qi rises in spring and summer, qi and blood in the meridians run smoothly, and acupuncture easily causes meridian reactions, so the stimulation amount is small; in autumn and winter, yin is preponderant and yang is weak, and qi and blood in meridians are slow, so the stimulation is large. Therefore, selecting an appropriate amount of stimulation for different situations has a significant impact on clinical outcome. However, most of the operators in all genres have experienced knowledge of the amount of stimulation during the acupuncture process, and the judgment is based on the accumulated medical experience, which is often one-sidedly and blindly. Therefore, how to analyze the characteristics of acupuncture techniques by modern scientific and technical means and quantitatively research the stimulation amount of acupuncture techniques to provide scientific basis for acupuncture treatment and teaching has become the main content of acupuncture research and the leading issue of acupuncture research.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a system for quantifying acupuncture techniques, comprising:

a needle for acupuncture, the needle having a needle handle and a needle body, wherein the needle handle has an anti-slip structure; the real body is provided with a nonlinear structure and a linear structure, and the linear structure is connected with the needle handle through the nonlinear structure;

the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring an induced voltage signal generated by the needle in the needling process; the signal acquisition module is provided with an excitation unit, an induction unit, an excitation unit and a acupuncture positioning unit, wherein the excitation unit is connected with the excitation unit; the induction unit is used for generating the induction voltage signal and is symmetrically arranged with the excitation unit; the acupuncture positioning unit is arranged between the excitation unit and the induction unit;

the signal modulation module is used for preprocessing the induced voltage signal to obtain a acupuncture manipulation analog signal and is connected with the signal acquisition module; the signal modulation module comprises a signal amplification unit, a second-order low-pass filtering unit, a voltage lifting unit and a power supply unit, wherein the signal amplification unit is connected with the voltage lifting unit through the second-order low-pass filtering unit; the power supply unit is connected with the signal amplification unit, the second-order low-pass filtering unit and the voltage lifting unit;

the signal quantization module is used for converting the acupuncture manipulation analog signals into digital signals, and comprises a single chip microcomputer and a minimum system of the single chip microcomputer; the signal quantization module is connected with the signal modulation module;

the signal transmission module is used for transmitting the digital signal and is connected with the signal quantization module;

and the signal analysis module is used for receiving the digital signals, carrying out quantitative analysis on the digital signals to obtain an acupuncture manipulation quantification model, realizing digital quantification of the acupuncture manipulation based on the acupuncture manipulation quantification model, and providing a basis for acupuncture learning.

Preferably, the excitation unit is a 10V/50Hz sinusoidal excitation power supply;

the excitation unit is an excitation coil; the induction unit is an induction coil;

the exciting coil and the induction coil have the same structure and the same size;

the length of the coil frameworks of the excitation coil and the induction coil is larger than the needling depth of the needle, the length of the coil frameworks is 2cm-10cm, and the diameters of the inner circles of the excitation coil and the induction coil are 10-50 times of the diameter of the needle;

preferably, the signal amplifying unit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a first amplifier; the first resistor and the second resistor are 10K omega, the third resistor is 50K omega, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are 10 mu F, and the model of the first amplifier is OP27 GP.

Preferably, the second-order low-pass filtering unit is a second-order butterworth low-pass filter, and includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, and a low-pass filter; the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor are 50K omega, the sixth resistor and the seventh resistor are 10K omega, and the third capacitor, the fourth capacitor, the fifth capacitor and the sixth capacitor are 10 muF.

Preferably, the voltage raising unit includes an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, and a second amplifier; the eighth resistor and the tenth resistor are 2K omega, the ninth resistor is 10K omega, the eleventh resistor is 50K omega, the seventh capacitor and the eighth capacitor are 10 muF, and the type of the second amplifier is OP27 GP.

Preferably, the sampling frequency of the single chip microcomputer is 2kHz, the voltage frequency of the induction unit is 50Hz, and the single chip microcomputer samples 40 points in a sine cycle.

A quantitative method of acupuncture manipulation comprises the following steps:

s1, using the needle to perform needling operation on the needling positioning unit, wherein the needling operation comprises a lifting and inserting method and a twisting and rotating method, and voltage induction signals of the needling method are obtained through the excitation unit and the induction unit;

s2, based on the signal modulation module, filtering and amplifying the acupuncture manipulation voltage induction signal to obtain an acupuncture manipulation analog signal, converting the acupuncture manipulation analog signal into a digital signal through the signal quantization module, and transmitting the digital signal to the signal analysis module through the signal transmission module;

s3, the signal analysis module performs time domain analysis on the digital signal through a time domain analysis method to construct the acupuncture manipulation quantification model, and the acupuncture manipulation quantification model comprises a voltage rise time unit, a voltage fall time unit, a voltage rise and fall time proportion unit, a voltage change amplitude unit, a frequency unit and a time unit;

s4, obtaining the speed of the downward insertion stage of the lifting and inserting method based on the voltage rising time unit; obtaining the lifting stage speed of the lifting and inserting method based on the voltage drop time unit; obtaining a manipulation attribute of the lifting and inserting manipulation based on the voltage rising and falling time proportion unit; obtaining the depth of the acupuncture manipulation based on the voltage change amplitude unit; obtaining the completion times of the acupuncture manipulation in unit time based on the frequency unit; obtaining a needling operation time based on the time unit;

and S5, quantitatively evaluating the needling operation based on the speed of the inserting stage, the speed of the lifting stage, the property of the manipulation, the depth, the finishing times and the needling operation time, and providing quantitative basis for acupuncture teaching.

Preferably, the amplitude extraction method of the voltage variation amplitude unit includes the steps of:

s3.1, extracting a sine wave complex line of the digital signal by a secondary difference method;

s3.2, obtaining a peak point of the sine wave complex line through a peak function, and obtaining the peak point voltage based on the peak point;

and S3.3, extracting a voltage reference value of the needle, and obtaining the amplitude value through the peak point voltage and the voltage reference value.

Preferably, said S3.1 comprises the steps of:

s3.1.1, carrying out first differential processing on the digital signal to obtain a first differential signal function;

s3.1.2, acquiring a signal sign function of the primary differential signal through a sign function sign;

s3.1.3, performing second differential processing based on the signal sign function to obtain a secondary differential signal function, wherein the secondary differential signal function consists of a plurality of difference values, including a first difference value and a second difference value, the first difference value is equal to-2, and the second difference value is equal to 2;

and S3.1.4, obtaining an upper packet line based on the first difference value, obtaining a lower packet line based on the second difference value, and forming the sine wave complex line by the upper packet line and the lower packet line.

Preferably, the acupuncture operation time is determined based on a wavelet transform modulus maximum value method, and the method comprises the following steps:

s4.1, constructing a time function model of the time unit based on the voltage rising time unit and the voltage falling time unit;

s4.2, performing signal singularity analysis on the time function model through the Lee index to obtain a time function singularity model;

s4.3, smoothing the time function singularity model based on a smoothing function to obtain a time function allowable model, wherein the time function allowable model consists of a plurality of function allowable units and comprises a first function allowable unit and a second function allowable unit;

s4.4, obtaining a wavelet basis function based on a wavelet function through the time function permission model, performing wavelet transformation on the first function permission unit and the second function permission unit, determining a wavelet modulus maximum value, determining mutation points of the voltage rising time unit and the voltage falling time unit through the wavelet modulus maximum value, and determining acupuncture operation time based on a time interval between the mutation points.

The invention discloses the following technical effects:

the invention utilizes experimental acupuncture to analyze the induced voltage fluctuation generated by the magnetic field, thereby measuring whether the acupuncture manipulation of one person is standard or not. Compared with the research method of acupuncture manipulation quantification in recent years, the quantitative acquisition of the electrical signals is quicker and more accurate, and the fundamental research on the acupuncture manipulation is more intensive and thorough.

The invention solves the problem of artificial data measurement without accurate standard measurement, the quantification of the manipulation enables us to have a deep understanding on the basic principle of acupuncture, and the portable equipment enables excellent traditional acupuncture manipulation to be passed on more accurately, thereby avoiding medicoless to a certain extent.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings are obtained according to the drawings without inventive labor.

FIG. 1 shows the lifting and inserting method and twisting and rotating method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows the reinforcing and reducing manipulation by twirling according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows the reinforcing and reducing manipulation of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a signal acquisition schematic according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a signal amplification circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a second order Butterworth low pass filter according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a voltage boost circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a system for quantifying acupuncture techniques according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a graph of induced voltage for the lift-plug method of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a graph of the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the low-pass filter according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a graph of a comparison of signal spectra before and after low pass filtering according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a graph of the signal spectrum before filtering and (b) is a graph of the signal spectrum after filtering;

FIG. 12 is an induced voltage signal envelope plot in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a flow chart of a quadratic difference algorithm according to the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a flow chart of calculating voltage amplitudes according to the present invention;

FIG. 15 illustrates the wavelet transform modulus maxima and signal discontinuities in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a flow chart of the wavelet transform for signal singular point detection and localization according to the present invention;

FIG. 17 is an upper envelope plot of a uniform lifting and thrusting technique according to the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a diagram of wavelet transform versus signal singularity detection in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a graph of voltage at different depths according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is provided to assist the reader in obtaining a thorough understanding of the methods, devices, and/or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatus, and/or systems described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the disclosure of the present application. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely an example, which is not limited to the order set forth herein, but rather, variations may be made in addition to operations which must occur in a particular order, which will be apparent upon understanding the disclosure of the present application. Moreover, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted for the sake of clarity and conciseness.

As shown in fig. 1 to 19, an object of the present invention is to provide a system for quantifying acupuncture techniques, including:

The excitation unit is a 10V/50Hz sinusoidal excitation power supply;

the signal amplification unit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a first amplifier; the first resistor and the second resistor are 10K omega, the third resistor is 50K omega, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are 10 mu F, and the model of the first amplifier is OP27 GP.

The second-order low-pass filtering unit is a second-order Butterworth low-pass filter and comprises a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor and a low-pass filter; the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor are 50K omega, the sixth resistor and the seventh resistor are 10K omega, and the third capacitor, the fourth capacitor, the fifth capacitor and the sixth capacitor are 10 muF.

The voltage lifting unit comprises an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor and a second amplifier; the eighth resistor and the tenth resistor are 2K omega, the ninth resistor is 10K omega, the eleventh resistor is 50K omega, the seventh capacitor and the eighth capacitor are 10 muF, and the type of the second amplifier is OP27 GP.

The sampling frequency of the single chip microcomputer is 2kHz, the voltage frequency of the induction unit is 50Hz, and the single chip microcomputer samples 40 points in a sine cycle.

s1, using the needle to perform needling operation on the needling positioning unit, wherein the needling operation comprises a lifting and inserting method and a twisting and rotating method, and voltage induction signals of the needling method are obtained through the excitation unit and the induction unit, as shown in figures 1-3;

The amplitude extraction method of the voltage change amplitude unit comprises the following steps:

The S3.1 comprises the following steps:

The acupuncture operation time is determined based on a wavelet transform modulus maximum value method, and the method comprises the following steps:

s4.4, obtaining a wavelet basis function based on a wavelet function through the time function permission model, performing wavelet transformation on the first function permission unit and the second function permission unit, determining a wavelet modulus maximum value, determining mutation points of the voltage rising time unit and the voltage falling time unit through the wavelet modulus maximum value, and determining the acupuncture operation time based on the time interval between the mutation points

The acupuncture manipulation quantification system is mainly based on a circuit, takes data acquisition of a single chip microcomputer and a computer as a core, realizes the acquisition and quantification of acupuncture manipulation induced voltage signals, and provides a scientific and accurate basis for the learning and training of acupuncture manipulations. The general block diagram of the system is shown in fig. 4. The system mainly comprises a signal acquisition module, a signal modulation module, a signal quantization module and a data transmission module, wherein the signal acquisition part comprises an exciting coil, an induction coil and an excitation power module, and is mainly used for acquiring an induction voltage signal; the signal modulation module mainly comprises a signal amplification circuit, a second-order low-pass filter circuit and a voltage lifting circuit, and is used for preprocessing the induction voltage signal; the signal quantization module consists of a single chip microcomputer and a minimum system thereof and converts the acupuncture manipulation analog signals into digital signals; the data transmission module consists of Bluetooth and a computer and is used for transmitting the data quantized by the singlechip to the computer through the Bluetooth.

The working principle of the whole system is as follows: an exciting coil and an induction coil which are same in shape and size are horizontally placed in alignment with an axis, a 10V/50Hz sinusoidal excitation power supply is applied to the side of the exciting coil, a needle object made of pure iron materials is placed in the induction coil, the entering depth of the needle object and the rotating speed of the needle object are changed, a needle insertion induction voltage signal and a needle twirling induction voltage signal are respectively obtained, the obtained analog signals are processed by an amplifying circuit, a second-order low-pass filter circuit and a voltage lifting circuit of a signal modulation module and then are sent to a single chip microcomputer MSP430 to be subjected to relevant operation processing, the single chip microcomputer converts the analog signals into digital signals, the processed digital signals are finally sent to a computer through a Bluetooth technology, and the computer receives the quantized digital signals of the single chip microcomputer through a serial port technology.

The sinusoidal alternating current excitation power supply on the exciting coil side in the signal acquisition module is obtained by a small-sized step-down transformer from 220V alternating current commonly used by families, the effective value of the voltage after step-down is 10V, and the frequency is 50 Hz. The exciting coil and the induction coil are automatically wound by using a winding machine, the length of a coil framework is 4cm, the diameter of an inner circle of the framework is 2cm, and the diameter of a copper wire is 0.5 mm. The number of layers of the coil is 12, each layer has 83 turns, and the total number of turns of the coil is 996 turns. And the diameter of the excircle of the coil is 3.16cm after the winding is finished. The inductance of the air-core coil was measured to be 12 mH. The dc resistance of the coil is 8 Ω.

The signal modulation module mainly comprises a voltage amplification circuit, a second-order low-pass filter circuit and a voltage lifting circuit. The amplitude range of the voltage at the side of the induction coil is millivolt, the working voltage of the MSP430 single chip microcomputer is 0-3.3V, the amplitude of a signal cannot reach the working voltage of the single chip microcomputer, and a weak signal is easily interfered in the transmission process. Therefore, a voltage amplification circuit is used to amplify the signal to a desired amplitude. The voltage amplification circuit diagram is shown in fig. 5.

U in FIG. 5_IIs a voltage signal at the side of the induction coil, i.e. an input voltage signal of a voltage amplifying circuit, U_o1For the amplified output voltage signal, the relationship between the two can be expressed as:

the amplified output voltage signal U can be obtained from the formula (3.2)_o1Comprises the following steps:

the frequency of the voltage signal collected by the invention is 50Hz, and a large amount of high-frequency noise signals are usually generated when the induction voltage signal is collected. Therefore, in order to analyze the time domain characteristics of the induced voltage signal more accurately, a low-pass filter circuit is required to filter out the noise signal. An ideal low-pass filter can completely filter signals above the cut-off frequency, and signals below the cut-off frequency can pass through without any influence, which is usually difficult to achieve by a filter circuit in real life. Therefore, it is necessary to select an appropriate filter according to different practical situations. The first-order filter circuit has a slow signal attenuation speed outside the same frequency band, and a second-order Butterworth low-pass filter circuit is adopted, and is mainly characterized in that a frequency response curve in a pass frequency band is flat and has no fluctuation; the attenuation in the frequency blocking band is gradually reduced to zero, and the attenuation speed is higher. A second order butterworth filter circuit is shown in fig. 6.

U in FIG. 6_o1Is the output signal of the voltage amplifying circuit, i.e. the input signal of the second-order Butterworth low-pass filter circuit, U_o2Is the output signal of the second order butterworth low pass filter circuit. The filter cutoff frequency calculation formula is:

let R₅＝R₆＝R，C₃＝C₄C, the cut-off frequency of the second-order butterworth low-pass filter is obtained as follows:

the voltage gain of the low pass filter is:

the second-order low-pass filter has a simple structure, high input impedance and low output impedance, and can meet the precision requirement of a system and achieve an ideal filtering effect under the condition that the parameters of each path are reasonably set.

According to the simulation result and the test result, the amplitude of the induction voltage signal has a negative value, and since the MSP430 singlechip applied by the signal quantization module in the later period can only recognize and process the voltage signal with the positive value, the voltage lifting circuit is required to lift all the collected negative voltage part to above the zero value, and the voltage lifting circuit is shown in fig. 7.

U in FIG. 7_o2Is the output signal of a second-order Butterworth low-pass filter, U_oIs the output voltage of the voltage boost circuit, then U_o2And U_oThe relationship between them is:

the signal quantization module converts the voltage analog signal obtained by the signal modulation circuit into a digital signal by adopting the A/D conversion function of the MSP430 singlechip. The MSP430 single chip microcomputer is a 16-bit hybrid processor of American TI company, and is characterized by low power consumption and suitability for low-power occasions. The sampling frequency of the single chip microcomputer is 2kHz, the voltage frequency of the induction coil side is 50Hz, the single chip microcomputer samples 40 points in a sine period, and digital signals obtained after analog-to-digital conversion can be accurately restored, so that the accuracy of the system device is guaranteed. The digital quantization signal processed by the MSP430 singlechip is divided into high four bits and low eight bits for data transmission.

The data transmission module adopts the Bluetooth technology to send the quantized signal processed by the singlechip to the computer. The bluetooth technology is a short-distance wireless digital communication technology, generally, the communication distance is about 10 meters, and the cable connection between electronic devices can be replaced in a small range to perform wireless transmission of data, so that the complexity of the device is reduced. The HC-06 Bluetooth serial port communication module is adopted and has the characteristics of low power consumption and high performance, so that the HC-06 Bluetooth module is adopted as a slave module to send digital quantization signals processed by the MSP430 single chip microcomputer to a computer, and the HC-05 is adopted as a master module to receive data, and the stability and the rapidity of a signal transmission process are guaranteed.

Based on the above analysis, a circuit diagram of a acupuncture technique quantization system is designed. As shown in fig. 8.

Fig. 9 shows induced voltage on the induction coil side in the lifting and inserting method. From the enlarged partial view of the induced voltage signal in fig. 9, it can be seen that the induced signal is composed of a series of sine waves.

(1) Pretreatment of acupuncture manipulation signals

In the experimental process, when the needle object is used for carrying out lifting and inserting or twisting and rotating methods in the induction coil, the needle object moves in a magnetic field to generate a noise signal. Therefore, in order to detect the quantization parameters of the acupuncture technique more accurately, a digital filter is designed to perform filtering again before the signal is subjected to feature extraction. The frequency of the noise signal was found to be about 150Hz by frequency domain analysis of the signal, while the frequency of the induced voltage signal was 50 Hz. Therefore, the cut-off frequency of the digital filter designed in the text is 60Hz, the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the designed low-pass filter is shown in FIG. 10, and the comparison graph before and after the induction voltage signal filtering is shown in FIG. 11, which lays a foundation for the later extraction of the quantitative characteristic parameters.

The invention applies a time domain analysis method to analyze the acupuncture manipulation induced voltage signal. The time domain analysis method is to analyze transient characteristics and steady-state characteristics of a signal based on a time domain of an output quantity when a set of variables is input. The time domain analysis directly analyzes the system in the time domain and is based on the time domain sampling principle, so that the time domain analysis method is visual and easy to understand and is convenient to analyze. The induced voltage signals are subjected to time domain analysis, characteristic basic parameters describing a certain specific technique are extracted and used as indexes for evaluating acupuncture techniques as shown in table 1 so as to quantify different acupuncture techniques and provide scientific and accurate basis for learning of the acupuncture techniques.

TABLE 1

As can be seen from fig. 9, the induced voltage signal is composed of a series of sine waves, and when the needle enters the induction coil, the induced voltage signal generated by the needle rises significantly and rises rapidly, so the voltage rise corresponds to the interpolation process in the interpolation method. When the needle object moves out of the induction coil, the induction voltage drops, and the dropping speed is faster, so the voltage drop corresponds to the lifting process in the lifting and inserting method. The ratio of the voltage rise time to the voltage fall time, i.e., the ratio of the rise time to the fall time in one cycle, is used to determine the characteristics of the acupuncture manipulation.

In order to more accurately obtain the needling amplitude, the invention firstly adopts a secondary difference method to extract the wavelets of the sine wave of the induced voltage signal, uses the peak value function to judge the position of the peak value point again, and finally compares the voltage of the peak value point with the voltage reference value when the needle object does not enter the induction coil, and calculates the amplitude of the voltage change, namely the needling depth. The basic idea of the difference method is as follows: the difference value before the peak point of the signal function is greater than zero and the difference value after the peak point is less than zero. Assuming that the preprocessed induced voltage signal is x (t), performing a difference operation on the signal to obtain:

and (3) assuming that the induced voltage signal after the primary difference is a difference function, respectively solving the signs of the corresponding functions by using the sign functions, and then carrying out difference operation on the sign functions again to obtain a secondary difference function x' (t). The calculation formula is as follows:

as can be seen from equation (3.10), the point where the difference of the quadratic difference function x "(t) is-2 corresponds to the upper envelope of the sine wave, and the point where the difference is 2 corresponds to the lower envelope of the sine wave. The sinusoidal induced voltage signal envelope is shown in fig. 12. The algorithm flow of the second order difference method is shown in fig. 13.

According to the induced voltage graph of the upper envelope curve of the induced voltage, the peak value of the induced voltage signal is calculated by adopting a peak value function, the value is compared with a basic value (the value of the induced voltage when the needle object does not enter the induction coil), and the variation value of the induced voltage is the amplitude in the acupuncture. The algorithm flow chart is shown in fig. 14.

As can be seen from fig. 9, when the needle enters the induction coil, the voltage on the induction coil side increases as the length of the entry increases. The needle is slowly taken out from the induction coil, and the induction voltage is reduced along with the increase of the taking-out length. A slight sudden change in the voltage waveform occurs at the time of the start of rise of the induced voltage and at the time of the end of fall of the induced voltage, which causes the signal to have singularity at that point, and this singularity causes the high-frequency component to appear. Therefore, in order to obtain parameters of acupuncture time in time domain analysis, the singularity theory is detected by adopting a wavelet transform modulus maximum value method to carry out positioning detection on the voltage rising starting time and the voltage falling ending time, and the detection result is compared with the peak voltage position, so that the voltage rising time and the voltage falling time in acupuncture are obtained.

(1) Signal singularity analysis

The local singularity of the function is described by a Lipschitz index (Lipschitz index) in mathematics, and the Lipschitz index of a mutation point determines the change situation of the wavelet transformation modulus maximum value. Let function x (t) at t₀The vicinity has the following properties:

|x(t₀+h)-p_n(t₀+h)|＝A|h|^α,n＜α＜n+1 (3.11)

then x (t) is called at t₀The Lee index at (a) is alpha. h is a sufficiently small quantity, P_n(t) is over x (t)₀) Polynomial of degree n of point, n is belonged to Z, realX (t) at t₀Taylor series expansion T of_nThe first n terms of (t) are:

T_n(t)＝x(t₀)+a₁h+a₂h²+……+a_nhⁿ+o(hⁿ⁺¹)＝p_n(t)+o(hⁿ⁺¹) (3.12)

if x (t) the function is differentiable n times and the nth derivative is discontinuous, i.e. the function is differentiable n +1 times, then the litz index α of the function is greater than n and less than n + 1. If the litz index of the function x (t) is α, the integrated litz index of x (t) is α +1, i.e., the litz index increases by 1 with each integration of the function. If the Lee index of the function x (t) is α, then the differentiated Lee index of x (t) is α -1, i.e., the Lee index decreases by 1 with each derivative of the function.

The lee index of a function at a point indicates the magnitude of the singularity at that point. The larger the Lee index, the smoother the point. The smaller the Lee index, the greater the singularity of the point. If the function f (t) is at some point derivable, then the Lee index α > 1. If the function f (t) is discontinuous but finite at some point, then the Lee index 0< α < 1. In particular, α is 1 for an impulse function and α <0 for a white noise function.

(2) Detection principle of singularity of wavelet change

If the signal is discontinuous at a certain point or if the derivative of a certain order is discontinuous, the signal is said to have singularity at that point, which is called a singularity point. The multi-resolution singularity detection of the signal is to process the signal on different scales by using a theta (t) smoothing function, and then analyze the first-order or second-order derivative of the signal so as to detect the signal mutation moment.

In the wavelet transform theory, if the function θ (t) satisfies the following condition, θ (t) is referred to as a smoothing function.

Order to

Due to the fact that

The function allowance condition in the wavelet transform is satisfied, and therefore,

the convolution with the signal can smooth the signal as a mother function in wavelet variation. To be provided with

When the wavelet function is used, the definition formula of the wavelet transform corresponding to the signal function f (t) in the wavelet scale alpha is as follows:

as is clear from the formulae (3.15) and (3.16),

can be represented as:

as can be seen from equations (3.18) and (3.19), the definition equations of the wavelet transform can be regarded as the first derivative and the second derivative of the signal function f (t) after being processed by the smoothing function.

WT for wavelet transform of signal function f (t)_f(t) indicates, on the scale α, if there is a point (a)₀，t₀) Such that:

then call (a)₀，t₀) Is the local extreme point of the signal function f (t), and the signal function is t ═ t₀And (4) zero crossing. If t is t₀Any point in a certain neighborhood, if:

|WT_f(a₀,t)|≤|WT_f(a₀,t₀)| (3.22)

then point (a) is called₀，t₀) For the modulus maxima point of the wavelet transform, | WT_f(a₀，t₀) And | is the modulo maximum.

Let the signal function f (t) be one where t ═ t₀、t₂The function with a step in time, with theta (t),

and (6) performing convolution. Signal abrupt change point and wavelet transform modulus maximum WT_f ⁽¹⁾(t)，WT_f ⁽¹⁾The relationship between (t) and the zero-crossing point is shown in fig. 15.

According to FIG. 15, it can be seen that the singular points of the signal function f (t) are wavelet transformed and then respectively correspond to the first derivatives WT of the signal function_f ⁽¹⁾(t) maximum point or second derivative of signal function WT_f ⁽²⁾(t) zero crossing point. First derivative of smoothing function theta (t) is takenThe position of the modulus maximum of the first derivative of the wavelet transform is the position of the abrupt change in the signal. When the second derivative of the smoothing function theta (t) is taken as the mother function of the wavelet transform, the zero crossing point of the second derivative is the position of the signal abrupt change. As can be seen in FIG. 15, solving for WT_f ⁽¹⁾The modulo maximum point of (t) is more convenient, so the detection of the discontinuity location of the signal function will be located here using the modulo maximum of the wavelet transform.

As can be seen from equation (3.17), any function that satisfies the conditions of the equation can be used as a mother function of the wavelet transform in principle. Therefore, the wavelet function used for the wavelet transform is not unique. The quality of the wavelet transform result is directly closely related to the selection of wavelet bases, and proper wavelet bases must be selected according to specific problems, otherwise, satisfactory effects are difficult to achieve. Therefore, the choice of wavelet basis functions is the key to wavelet application.

When the wavelet function is subjected to expansion and translation, the following steps are carried out:

where a is a scale factor or a scale factor, τ is a translation factor, called Ψ_a,τ(t) is the wavelet basis function.

The wavelet transform can obtain the mutation information of the signal from the signal function, and besides the localization characteristic, the wavelet function also has the denoising property, namely the wavelet basis function can meet certain interval tight support and enough vanishing matrix order. The Daubechics wavelet has higher sensitivity to non-stationary signals and is widely used in disturbance signal analysis. The daubechic wavelet (db wavelet for short) is a wavelet function constructed by world famous wavelet analyst of Inrid daubechic, and is generally abbreviated as dbN, and N is the order of the wavelet. The Daubechics wavelet has the following characteristics:

the effective support length of the wavelet function is 2N-1, and the order of a vanishing matrix of the wavelet function is N;

(ii) the Daubechics-N wavelets are symmetric in most cases;

the regularity of the wavelet function is increased along with the increase of N;

and fourthly, the wavelet function has orthogonality.

After comparing several daubechic series wavelets, a db4 wavelet with a filter length coefficient of 4 is best suited for the problem analysis of the present application.

In order to detect the starting rising time and the ending time of voltage drop of the induced voltage signal, a proper number of decomposition layers must be selected to reasonably decompose the signal frequency band. The principle of frequency band division is to make the fundamental frequency of the signal located at the center of the lowest frequency band as much as possible, and to limit the influence of the fundamental frequency component on other sub-frequency bands. The calculation formula of the division layer number of the frequency band is as follows:

wherein f is the fundamental frequency, f_sIs the sampling frequency.

The wavelet modulus maximum can be used for expressing the mutation point and the singularity characteristic of the signal, namely, the signal singular point can be detected through the position of the modulus maximum of the wavelet transform with small scale. The effective acting time of the acupuncture is determined by detecting the positions of the catastrophe points, namely the voltage rising starting time and the voltage falling ending time. The time interval between two mutation points in this document is the needling time of the needling manipulation. A flow chart of wavelet transform detection positioning is shown in fig. 16.

The positioning detection of the singular points of the signal is carried out by adopting the flow of the block diagram in fig. 16 for the uniform interpolation method in acupuncture. In order to improve the accuracy of the experimental system, the induced voltage signal needs to be subjected to a second order difference method to extract the envelope of the sinusoidal signal, and then the envelope signal on the induced voltage signal is subjected to positioning detection. As shown in fig. 17 and 18.

As can be seen from fig. 18, since the voltage signal has constant voltage and no singularity in the voltage waveform between 0 and 150 sampling points, the wavelet transform modulus maximum is 0. The number of sampling points is 150-223, the voltage rises in a weak step shape according to the partial enlarged image, the voltage waveform has singular points, so that a wavelet transformation modulus maximum exists, and although the voltage waveform has fluctuation, the detection of the wavelet modulus maximum on the needle object entering voltage rising start time is not influenced. From fig. 18, the needle penetration point is 153 points. The number of sampling points is 223-280, the voltage waveform has fluctuation according to a partial enlarged image, but the detection of the wavelet modulus maximum value to the voltage drop ending moment of the needle complete extraction is not influenced, and the needle complete extraction is at the number of sampling points of 280 according to the graph 18. The number of sampling points is 280-400, the voltage is unchanged, the voltage waveform has no singularity, and therefore the maximum value of a wavelet transformation modulus is 0. From the above analysis, it is found that the number of sampling points at the needle-inserted time is 153, the number of sampling points at which the needle is completely taken out is 280, and the number of sampling points at the maximum voltage peak is 223. Since the sampling frequency of the single chip microcomputer is 2kHz, the voltage rising time, that is, the "interpolation" time t1 in the uniform interpolation method is (223-. When the needle body moves in the induction coil, hand shake and vibration of a needle applier have certain influence on induction voltage, and wavelet transformation is sensitive to singular points of signals, so when wavelet transformation modulus maximum values are detected for singular positions of the signals, tiny voltage changes of the signals can be amplified and displayed, and detection and judgment of initial voltage moments and ending voltage moments are not influenced.

And (3) analyzing the feasibility of the system: in order to verify the feasibility of the acupuncture manipulation quantification system, the invention takes the common uniform lifting and inserting manipulations in traditional Chinese medicine as an example to verify the experimental system. The experimental procedure was as follows: firstly, the side of the induction coil is filled with a simulation tissue (Professional Skin Pad MK2, Limbs & Things Ltd, UK) with Skin characteristics, then an acupuncture specialist holds a special needle object to perform a uniform lifting and inserting experiment at a needle inserting hole at the side of the induction coil, the lengths of the needle object in the induction coil are changed in sequence and are respectively 10mm, 20mm and 30mm, and finally, the induction voltage amplitude at different depths is analyzed. The results of the experiment are shown in FIG. 19.

In fig. 19, the abscissa represents the number of sampling points, the ordinate represents the voltage amplitude, the waveform is divided into four stages, I, II, III, and IV, wherein the I and IV stages are the voltage value when the needle does not enter the induction coil, i.e., the reference value, II is the process stage when the needle enters the induction coil, the length of the needle entering the induction coil is increased, the induction voltage value is slowly increased, and III is the process stage when the needle is taken out of the induction coil, the length of the needle in the induction coil is decreased, and the induction voltage value is gradually decreased. The corresponding induced voltage characteristic parameters of the needle objects with different lengths are shown in the table 2, and the table shows that when the length of the needle objects is increased by 10mm after entering, the voltage changes by 0.1V, the system precision is 0.113V/cm, the system precision is highly consistent with the simulation precision result, and the acupuncture manipulation can be accurately quantized.

TABLE 2

The acupuncture manipulation quantification system is designed and set up based on an acupuncture equivalent model, mainly comprises a signal acquisition module, a signal conditioning module, a signal quantification module and a data transmission module, and introduces the working principle and the working characteristics of each module. The correlation between different acupuncture techniques and the induced voltage signal is analyzed to obtain basic parameters describing a certain specific technique, which are voltage rise time, voltage fall time, ratio of the voltage rise time to the voltage fall time, voltage change amplitude, frequency and operation time. According to basic parameters, a secondary difference method and a wavelet modulus maximum value method are respectively adopted to analyze the signal amplitude characteristics and the acupuncture effective time, finally, the feasibility of an experimental system is analyzed through an acupuncture lifting and inserting method, and the result shows that the experimental result has better consistency with the simulation result and the acupuncture manipulation can be quantized.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An acupuncture manipulation quantification method using an acupuncture manipulation quantification system, the system comprising:

a needle for acupuncture, the needle having a needle handle and a needle body, wherein the needle handle has an anti-slip structure; the needle body is provided with a nonlinear structure and a linear structure, and the linear structure is connected with the needle handle through the nonlinear structure;

the signal analysis module is used for receiving the digital signals, carrying out quantitative analysis on the digital signals to obtain an acupuncture manipulation quantification model, realizing digital quantification of the acupuncture manipulation based on the acupuncture manipulation quantification model, and providing a basis for acupuncture learning;

the excitation unit is a 10V/50Hz sinusoidal excitation power supply;

the signal amplification unit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a first amplifier; the first resistor and the second resistor are 10K omega, the third resistor is 50K omega, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are 10 mu F, and the model of the first amplifier is OP27 GP;

the second-order low-pass filtering unit is a second-order Butterworth low-pass filter and comprises a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor and a low-pass filter; the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor are 50K omega, the sixth resistor and the seventh resistor are 10K omega, and the third capacitor, the fourth capacitor, the fifth capacitor and the sixth capacitor are 10 muF;

the voltage lifting unit comprises an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor and a second amplifier; the eighth resistor and the tenth resistor are 2K omega, the ninth resistor is 10K omega, the eleventh resistor is 50K omega, the seventh capacitor and the eighth capacitor are 10 muF, and the type of the second amplifier is OP27 GP;

the sampling frequency of the single chip microcomputer is 2kHz, the voltage frequency of the induction unit is 50Hz, and the single chip microcomputer samples 40 points in a sine cycle;

the acupuncture manipulation quantification method comprises the following steps:

s4.4, obtaining a wavelet basis function based on a wavelet function through the time function permission model, performing wavelet transformation on the first function permission unit and the second function permission unit, determining a wavelet modulus maximum value, determining mutation points of the voltage rising time unit and the voltage falling time unit through the wavelet modulus maximum value, and determining acupuncture operation time based on a time interval between the mutation points;

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises:

3. The acupuncture manipulation quantification method according to claim 2, wherein:

the S3.1 comprises the following steps: