CN112418666A - Service object-based refined rainstorm influence assessment method - Google Patents
Service object-based refined rainstorm influence assessment method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a service object-based refined rainstorm influence assessment method. Belongs to the field of atmospheric and environmental science. The invention comprises the following steps: calculating according to DEM data, runoff coefficient, rainfall intensity, grid size and the like to obtain a water accumulation area and water accumulation depth (which do not belong to the scope of the invention); influence evaluation indexes of main industries in a research area are formulated by looking up domestic and foreign standards, papers, data and the like; processing the land utilization data, and classifying according to industries; comprehensively calculating to obtain the evaluation grade of each service object by combining the classified data of land utilization, the industry influence evaluation index and the water accumulation depth; removing abnormal values of the evaluation levels of the service objects in the whole area; calculating to obtain rainstorm influence assessment based on the service object; calculating to obtain industry rainstorm influence assessment; calculating to obtain the evaluation of the social and economic storm influence; calculating to obtain regional rainstorm influence assessment; and calculating to obtain comprehensive rainstorm influence evaluation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of atmosphere and environment, in particular to a service object-based refined rainstorm influence assessment method.
Background
Disasters caused by rainstorm include urban waterlogging and rural waterlogging, and main hazards brought by the urban waterlogging and the rural waterlogging are as follows: road, water, electricity, communication interruption; the house is filled with water, the underground building is filled with water, and the objects are soaked; stopping the production of a factory; domestic sewage cannot be discharged or overflowed, and sanitary conditions are deteriorated; flooding of farmland, destruction of facility agriculture, damage of crops and the like.
The traditional influence assessment method can only carry out pre-disaster influence pre-assessment, in-disaster influence assessment and post-disaster influence assessment on the occurrence of disasters, and has the outstanding problems that the service time is long, the service object faces the whole research area, the service industry cannot be refined and the like.
In addition, the traditional disaster influence assessment method comprises a disaster collection method, an experience assessment method and the like, is simple, has a wide application range (the experience assessment method is still used as a main means for disaster collection in various parts of China at present), cannot be used for pre-assessment and real-time assessment, and is also high in subjectivity.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a service object-based refined rainstorm influence assessment method; according to the rainstorm influence evaluation method, the rainstorm influence evaluation index system is used for evaluating the rainstorm affected bearing body, integrating the time dimension, the object dimension and the space dimension, establishing a dynamic influence evaluation model of the rainstorm waterlogging in different industries and different regions, and realizing the refined rainstorm influence evaluation based on the service object. And a quantitative evaluation method is provided for rainstorm fine evaluation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a service object-based refined rainstorm influence assessment method comprises the following specific steps:
step (1.1), calculating according to DEM data, runoff coefficient, rainfall intensity and grid size to obtain a water accumulation area and water accumulation depth in the research area;
step (1.2), establishing influence evaluation indexes of various industries in a research area;
step (1.3), processing the land utilization data, and classifying according to the industry;
step (1.4), comprehensively calculating to obtain the evaluation grade of each service object by combining the classified data of land utilization, the industry influence evaluation index and the ponding depth;
step (1.5), removing abnormal values of the evaluation levels of the service objects in the whole area;
step (1.6), evaluating the influence of rainstorm waterlogging on the objects at any time;
step (1.7), comprehensively analyzing the industry in the area, and thus obtaining the industry-divided influence assessment of rainstorm waterlogging;
step (1.8), comprehensively analyzing the population and the economy to obtain the influence assessment of the rainstorm population: SP0＝Sum(P0,1,P0,2...P0,n) And evaluating the economic impact of rainstorm: SG0＝Sum(G0,1,G0,2...G0,n)；
Step (1.9), comprehensively analyzing the area to obtain regional influence assessment of rainstorm waterlogging;
and (1.10) combining all industries in the whole area to obtain the comprehensive influence evaluation of rainstorm and waterlogging.
Further, in step (1.5), the outlier rejection is a rejection with a value exceeding 3 times the standard deviation:
further, in step (1.6), the service object rainstorm assessment is as follows:
in the formula, GItIndicating a disaster impact index at a certain evaluation moment.
Further, in step (1.10), the rainstorm waterlogging composite impact assessment is as follows:
in the formula, Q represents an influence index after normalization, and the value is between 0 and 1.
Further, the Q is given a grade according to an optimal segmentation method: 0-0.15 is IV grade, 0.15-0.38 is III grade, 0.38-0.62 is II grade, 0.62-1 is I grade.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method uses basic geographic information data, land utilization data, meteorological monitoring data, DEM data and the like, combines influence evaluation indexes to carry out refined rainstorm influence evaluation, carries out the refined rainstorm influence evaluation from a plurality of angles such as service objects, industries, social economy, regions, synthesis and the like, and quantificationally measures the influence caused by the rainstorm disasters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a technical roadmap for rainstorm impact assessment;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the evaluation result of rainstorm waterlogging on transportation industry;
fig. 3 is a graph of the average impact index of rainstorm waterlogging on various industries.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in the figure; the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a rainstorm refined image evaluation method based on a service object, which can better solve the evaluation problem of a specific object and achieve an all-round evaluation method from point to surface through the accumulation of a time dimension and a space dimension.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems: the invention provides a service object-based refined rainstorm image evaluation method, which comprises the following steps:
step 2, establishing an influence evaluation index of main industries in a research area by referring to domestic and foreign standards, treatises, data and the like, as shown in Table 1;
TABLE 1 refined rainstorm impact evaluation index system Table
According to an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 2, the influence of a rainstorm process on the transportation industry is classified into 5 grades according to the submerging depth, according to the indexes of table 1, the submerging depth of 0-15cm basically does not influence the transportation industry, and the submerging depth and the grade have different influences according to the actual condition of the underlying surface;
and step 3: the land utilization data are processed and classified according to industries, the classification aims to establish association between the land utilization and the industries and classify a plurality of land utilization data types into one industry, for example, a first class of land for water areas and water conservancy facilities and a second class of pit, pond and water surface and the like are classified into one industry, and the industry is named as aquaculture industry;
and 4, step 4: comprehensively calculating to obtain the evaluation grade of each service object by combining the classified data of land utilization, the industry influence evaluation index and the water accumulation depth;
and 5, removing abnormal values of the evaluation levels of the service objects in the whole area, and removing the values exceeding 3 times of standard deviation by adopting a removing formula as follows:
in the formula, xiIn order to be able to measure a certain measurement data,
σ represents the standard deviation as the arithmetic mean of the measurements;
step 6: the rainstorm waterlogging at any moment is evaluated according to the influence of the objects by adopting a formula:
The method is used for solving the problem of actual rainstorm waterlogging disasters, can cause large influence in a short time in the initial stage, can not obviously contribute to the overall influence in a long time in the later stage, and adopts a power function with an exponent smaller than 1 to carry out weighted cumulative calculation.
And 7: and (3) integrating industries in the region to obtain the influence assessment of rainstorm waterlogging in different industries:
AvgFIf＝Avg(FIf,1,FIf,2...FIf,n)
MinFIf＝Min(FIf,1,FIf,2...FIf,n)
MaxFIf＝Max(FIf,1,FIf,2...FIf,n)
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,take facility agriculture as an example, AvgFIf、MinFIf、MaxFIfAnd CFIfRespectively representing a facility agriculture average influence index, a facility agriculture minimum influence index, a facility agriculture maximum influence index and a facility agriculture comprehensive influence index at a certain evaluation moment; FIf,1,FIf,2...FIf,nThe index of influence of all facility agriculture in the area at a certain evaluation moment is shown; likewise, MaxFIa、MaxFIlAnd MaxFIrRespectively representing the maximum influence indexes of aquaculture industry, livestock and poultry breeding industry and transportation industry; the invention selects the largest industry influence index as the industry influence evaluation result.
And 8: integrating population and economy to obtain the influence evaluation of the population of rainstorm waterlogging;
SP0＝Sum(P0,1,P0,2...P0,n)
SP1＝Sum(P1,1,P1,2...P1,n)
SP2＝Sum(P2,1,P2,2...P2,n)
SP3＝Sum(P3,1,P3,2...P3,n)
SP4＝Sum(P4,1,P4,2...P4,n)
in the formula, SP0、SP1、SP2、SP3、SP4Respectively representing the population numbers of five levels of 0, IV, III, II and I, Sum () being a summation function, P0,1,P0,2...P0,nA 0-level demographic unit representing a land use based;
evaluating the economic impact of rainstorm waterlogging:
SE0＝Sum(E0,1,E0,2...E0,n)
SE1＝Sum(E1,1,E1,2...E1,n)
SE2＝Sum(E2,1,E2,2...E2,n)
SE3＝Sum(E3,1,E3,2...E3,n)
SE4＝Sum(E4,1,E4,2...E4,n)
wherein SE0、SE1、SE2、SE3、SE4Respectively representing the population numbers of five levels of 0, IV, III, II and I, Sum () being a summation function, E0,1,E0,2...E0,nA 0-level economic statistic unit representing land utilization;
and step 9: integrating the areas to obtain regional influence assessment of rainstorm waterlogging;
in the formula, AvgFIarea1Indicating the average influence index, FI, of a regionfarea1,nIndicating the index of influence, FI, of a facility agricultural object in a regionaarea1,nIndicating the index of influence, FI, of an aquaculture subject in a regionlarea1,nIndicating the influence index, FI, of a certain livestock and poultry breeding object in a certain areararea1,nIndicating the impact index, MinFI, of a traffic transportation object in a regionarea1Representing the minimum impact index, MaxFI, of a regionarea1Indicating the maximum impact index for a region. CFIarea1Indicating the integrated influence index, FI, of a regionarea1,iRepresenting the influence index, area, within the regionarea1,iIs FIarea1,iCorresponding surfaceAccumulation of qi and areaarea1Representing the total area of the disaster in the area; the method selects the maximum influence index as the regional influence evaluation result;
step 10, combining all industries in the whole area to obtain rainstorm waterlogging score comprehensive influence evaluation;
take facility agriculture as an example, AvgFIz、MinFIz、MaxFIzAnd CFIzRespectively representing the average influence index, the minimum influence index, the maximum influence index and the comprehensive influence index of a whole area at a certain evaluation moment; areaiRepresents AIbiCorresponding disaster area, areazAnd the total area of the disaster in the whole area is shown.
In order to make the influence indexes have contrast, the influence indexes are subjected to range normalization processing, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, CFIztRepresenting the impact index after normalization, with values between 0 and 1; CFIzmaxIs the impact index value at the maximum time instant; and finally, assigning grades according to an optimal segmentation method: 0-0.15 (inclusive) for class IV, 0.15-0.38 (inclusive) for class III, 0.38-0.62 (inclusive) for class II, and 0.62-1 (inclusive) for class I.
According to one embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 3, the facility agriculture is greatly influenced in a short time after the beginning of the rainfall process, and then the influence intensity is stabilized around a fixed value. The responses of other industries, aquaculture industry, livestock and poultry breeding industry and transportation industry to the rainstorm process are later than that of facility agriculture, but the influence degree in the later period is stable after the peak value is reached. Therefore, the rainstorm waterlogging sub-object influence method disclosed by the invention is very suitable for the actual situation, can realize real-time visual rainstorm waterlogging sub-industry influence evaluation, and provides a new idea for the actual business requirements.
Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the principles of embodiments of the present invention; other variations are possible within the scope of the invention; thus, by way of example, and not limitation, alternative configurations of embodiments of the invention may be considered consistent with the teachings of the present invention; accordingly, the embodiments of the invention are not limited to the embodiments explicitly described and depicted.
Claims (5)
1. A service object-based refined rainstorm influence assessment method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step (1.1), calculating according to DEM data, runoff coefficient, rainfall intensity and grid size to obtain a water accumulation area and water accumulation depth in the research area;
step (1.2), establishing influence evaluation indexes of various industries in a research area;
step (1.3), processing the land utilization data, and classifying according to industries;
step (1.4), comprehensively calculating to obtain the evaluation grade of each service object by combining the classified data of land utilization, the industry influence evaluation index and the ponding depth;
step (1.5), removing abnormal values of the evaluation levels of the service objects in the whole area;
step (1.6), evaluating the influence of rainstorm waterlogging on the objects at any time;
step (1.7), comprehensively analyzing the industry in the area, and thus obtaining the industry-divided influence assessment of rainstorm waterlogging;
step (1.8), comprehensively analyzing the population and the economy to obtain the influence assessment of the rainstorm population: SP0＝Sum(P0,1,P0,2...P0,n) And evaluating the economic impact of rainstorm: SG0＝Sum(G0,1,G0,2...G0,n)；
Step (1.9), comprehensively analyzing the area to obtain regional influence assessment of rainstorm waterlogging;
and (1.10) combining all industries in the whole area to obtain the comprehensive influence evaluation of rainstorm and waterlogging.
2. A refined rainstorm impact assessment method based on service objects according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1.5), said outlier rejection is a rejection with a value exceeding 3 times the standard deviation:
3. a refined rainstorm impact assessment method based on service objects according to claim 1, wherein in step (1.6), said service object rainstorm impact assessment is as follows:
in the formula, GItIndicating a disaster impact index at a certain evaluation moment.
4. A refined rainstorm impact assessment method based on service objects according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1.10), said rainstorm waterlogging comprehensive impact assessment is given by the following formula:
and
in the formula, Q represents an influence index after normalization, and the value is between 0 and 1.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein Q is given a rating according to an optimal segmentation method: 0-0.15 is IV grade, 0.15-0.38 is III grade, 0.38-0.62 is II grade, 0.62-1 is I grade.
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