CN110751398B - Regional ecological quality evaluation method and device - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
The invention discloses a regional ecological quality evaluation method and a regional ecological quality evaluation device. The evaluation elements include water element, gas element, soil element, living element, and disaster element. And (3) carrying out standardization treatment on index values of all evaluation indexes to form a dimensionless index. The comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated is calculated, the ecological environment quality grade of the region to be evaluated is output according to the preset corresponding relation between the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment and the ecological environment quality grade, an evaluation index system is established from the angles of water, gas, soil, life and disasters, the regional ecological quality evaluation is carried out on the basis, the comprehensive dynamic evaluation capability is high, the stability and universality of the method are high, and the method is particularly suitable for dynamic evaluation of the ecological quality of an ecological fragile region.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment, in particular to a regional ecological quality evaluation method and device.
Background
The current methods for evaluating the ecological quality of the region include a plurality of principal component analysis methods, a cluster analysis method, a distance discrimination method, a fuzzy mathematic evaluation method, a gray system evaluation method, a matter element analysis method, a hierarchical analysis method and the like. In comparison, the analytic hierarchy process has the characteristics of high logicality, systematicness, flexibility and practicability, and is mature, so that the analytic hierarchy process becomes one of the main methods for regional ecological quality evaluation.
The basic idea of the analytic hierarchy process is to consider the studied problem as a large system, divide the ordered hierarchy of the mutual connection among the factors through analyzing the factors of the system, then objectively judge the factors of each hierarchy, then establish a corresponding evaluation index system, give the weight value of the relative importance of all the factors of each hierarchy, order the weight value, and finally carry out planning decision and select measures for solving the problem according to the ordering result. The construction of an evaluation index system is a key problem.
In the regional ecological quality evaluation work, the traditional analytic hierarchy process is complex in selecting an evaluation index system, and some indexes are difficult to collect or difficult to acquire, so that the dynamic evaluation of the regional ecological quality condition is directly restricted; meanwhile, the evaluation method lacks consideration of specific ecological environment conditions, such as the ecological conditions of ubiquitous ecological fragile areas, when the evaluation indexes are selected. The ecological fragile areas have the common problems of soil impoverishment, serious water and soil loss or desertification, frequent disasters, sparse vegetation or low vegetation functions and the like, and the ecological environment condition is generally optimistic. Therefore, the traditional analytic hierarchy process has weaker comprehensive dynamic evaluation capability and lower stability and universality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a regional ecological quality evaluation method and a regional ecological quality evaluation device, which are used for solving the problems of weak comprehensive dynamic evaluation capability and low stability and universality existing in the traditional regional ecological quality evaluation method based on an analytic hierarchy process.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a regional ecological quality assessment method, the method comprising:
acquiring index values of various evaluation indexes of an area to be evaluated according to a preset evaluation element and an evaluation index contained in the evaluation element, wherein the preset evaluation element comprises a water element, a gas element, a soil element, a raw element and a disaster element;
carrying out standardization treatment on the index values of the evaluation indexes to form dimensionless indexes;
according to CE = ΣW i ×I i Calculating the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated, wherein CE is the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated, W i The ith evaluation finger for the region to be evaluatedTarget weight value, I i An index of an i-th evaluation index of the region to be evaluated;
and outputting the ecological environment quality grade of the region to be evaluated according to the preset corresponding relation between the ecological environment comprehensive evaluation index value and the ecological environment quality grade.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first implementation manner of the first aspect, the evaluation index included in the water element includes: the surface water body area and the surface water level are normalized, and the forming of the dimensionless index comprises the following steps:
determining an index of the surface water area according to the ratio of the water area of the area to be evaluated to the total area of the area to be evaluated;
according toAnd calculating an index of the surface layer underground water level, wherein the underground water level index refers to an index of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated, the historical minimum water level refers to a historical minimum value of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated, the actual water level refers to an actual value of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated, and the historical maximum water level refers to a historical maximum value of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated.
With reference to the first aspect, in a second implementation manner of the first aspect, the evaluation index included in the gas element includes: the wet index and the atmospheric dust fall, the index values of all the evaluation indexes are standardized, and the formation of the dimensionless index comprises the following steps:
judging whether the wetting index is greater than 1;
if the wetting index is greater than 1, determining the wetting index to be 1;
if the wetting index is less than or equal to 1, determining that the wetting index is an actual value of the wetting index;
and determining the index of the atmospheric dust fall according to the atmospheric dust fall amount saving and controlling standard of the region to be evaluated.
With reference to the second implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third implementation manner of the first aspect, the wetting index is a ratio of a precipitation amount to a potential evaporation amount.
With reference to the first aspect, in a fourth implementation manner of the first aspect, the evaluation index included in the soil element includes: performing standardized treatment on index values of all evaluation indexes to form dimensionless indexes, wherein the standardized treatment comprises the following steps of:
determining according to the temporary technical specification of the second soil screening, and determining the index of soil nutrients of the region to be evaluated;
and determining the index of soil desertification of the region to be evaluated according to the vegetation coverage ratio of the region to be evaluated.
With reference to the fourth implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fifth implementation manner of the first aspect, the soil nutrients include organic matters, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium 4 factors of soil with a soil surface layer of 0-40 cm.
With reference to the first aspect, in a sixth implementation manner of the first aspect, the evaluation index included in the raw element includes: the vegetation coverage and vegetation net first productivity, the index values of the evaluation indexes are standardized, and the formation of dimensionless indexes comprises the following steps:
according toCalculating a vegetation net first productivity index, wherein the history maximum value refers to a vegetation productivity history maximum value of the area to be evaluated, the history minimum value refers to a vegetation productivity history minimum value of the area to be evaluated, and the actual value refers to an actual vegetation productivity value of the area to be evaluated.
With reference to the first aspect, in a seventh implementation manner of the first aspect, the evaluation index included in the disaster element includes: the method for standardizing the index values of the evaluation indexes in the frequent meteorological disasters to form dimensionless indexes comprises the following steps:
and determining the index of the frequent meteorological disaster according to the ratio of the disaster receiving area of the area to be evaluated to the area of the area to be evaluated.
With reference to the first aspect, in an eighth implementation manner of the first aspect, according to ce= Σw i ×I i Calculating the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated, wherein CE is the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated, W i For the weight value of the ith evaluation index of the region to be evaluated, I i In the step of indexing the i-th evaluation index of the region to be evaluated:
the weights of the water element, the gas element, the soil element, the raw element and the disaster element are determined in advance by an expert scoring method, and then the weights of the evaluation indexes contained in each evaluation element are determined in turn by the expert scoring method.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a regional ecological quality evaluation device, including:
an acquisition unit configured to acquire an index value of each evaluation index of an area to be evaluated according to a predetermined evaluation element and an evaluation index included in the evaluation element, wherein the predetermined evaluation element includes a water element, a gas element, a soil element, a raw element, and a disaster element;
the processing unit is used for carrying out standardization processing on the index values of the evaluation indexes to form dimensionless indexes;
a calculation unit for calculating according to CE = Σw i ×I i Calculating the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated, wherein CE is the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated, W i For the weight value of the ith evaluation index of the region to be evaluated, I i An index of an i-th evaluation index of the region to be evaluated;
and the output unit is used for outputting the ecological environment quality grade of the region to be evaluated according to the preset corresponding relation between the ecological environment comprehensive evaluation index value and the ecological environment quality grade.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the regional ecological quality evaluation method and the regional ecological quality evaluation device provided by the invention are used for establishing an evaluation index system from the angles of water, gas, soil, life and disasters, and carrying out regional ecological quality evaluation on the basis, so that the regional ecological quality evaluation method has stronger comprehensive dynamic evaluation capability, and the method has higher stability and universality, and is especially suitable for dynamic evaluation of ecological quality of an ecological fragile region.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a regional ecological quality evaluation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph of evaluation results of land desertification in 2007 in Jian-Ping county.
Fig. 3 is a graph of evaluation results of land desertification in 2014 of Jian-Ping county.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a regional ecological quality evaluation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention and corresponding drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The following describes in detail the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of a method for evaluating regional ecological quality according to the present invention may be implemented by a processor, where the method includes:
step S101, obtaining index values of various evaluation indexes of an area to be evaluated according to a predetermined evaluation element and the evaluation indexes contained in the evaluation element, wherein the predetermined evaluation element comprises a water element, a gas element, a soil element, a raw element and a disaster element.
In regional ecological quality evaluation, the selection of evaluation indexes is important. The invention comprehensively considers the related elements of the ecological environment of the influence area from the angles of water, gas, soil, life and disasters of the ecological quality of the influence area, takes the representativeness, the easy acquisition and the updatability of the selected indexes into consideration, and determines an evaluation index system.
In this embodiment, the evaluation index included in the water element may include: surface water body area and surface groundwater level. Alternatively, the surface water bodies may include rivers, lakes, reservoirs, ponds, and the like. The evaluation index included in the gas element may include: the wetting index and the atmospheric dust fall, wherein the wetting index is the ratio of the precipitation amount to the potential evaporation amount, and the hydrothermal condition can be comprehensively reflected. The evaluation index included in the soil element may include: soil nutrients and land desertification, wherein the soil nutrients can be soil organic matters, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium factors with the surface layer of 0-40 cm. The evaluation index included in the green element may include: vegetation coverage and vegetation net first productivity, the evaluation index included in the disaster element may include: weather disasters frequently occur.
The surface water body area data can be derived from the interpretation result of a remote sensing image machine, and the surface groundwater level data can be derived from a water conservancy and meteorological data network. Precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, and atmospheric dust data may originate from a weather data network. The soil nutrient data can be derived from a Chinese soil database, and the land desertification data can be derived from extraction results based on remote sensing image data. Vegetation coverage and vegetation productivity data may be derived from remote sensing data interpretation results. Disaster data may originate from a weather website.
Step S102, carrying out standardization processing on the index values of the evaluation indexes to form dimensionless indexes.
In this embodiment, the index of the surface water area may be determined according to a ratio of the water volume area of the region to be evaluated to the total area of the region to be evaluated. According toAnd calculating an index of the surface layer underground water level, wherein the underground water level index refers to an index of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated, the historical minimum water level refers to a historical minimum value of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated, the actual water level refers to an actual value of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated, and the historical maximum water level refers to a historical maximum value of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated.
For example, the highest ground water level in the history of the areas to be evaluated 1981-2010 is 1.2 m, and the lowest ground water level in the history is 3.1 m (note: since the ground water level is measured in terms of the distance of the ground water surface from the ground surface, if the distance is larger, the lower the water level is indicated, and if the distance is smaller, the higher the water level is indicated), the evaluation year is 2014, and the water level in the current year is 2.8 m, the ground water level index= (3.1-2.8)/(3.1-1.2) = 0.33.
In this embodiment, it is determined whether the wetting index is greater than 1, and if the wetting index is greater than 1, the wetting index is determined to be 1; and if the wetting index is less than or equal to 1, determining that the wetting index is an actual value of the wetting index. The index of the atmospheric dust fall can be determined according to the atmospheric dust fall amount saving and controlling standard of the region to be evaluated.
In this embodiment, the index of soil nutrients in the region to be evaluated may be determined according to the second soil census temporary technical procedure, and the index of soil desertification in the region to be evaluated may be determined according to the vegetation coverage ratio of the region to be evaluated.
In the present embodiment, it is possible to followCalculating a vegetation net first productivity index, wherein the history maximum value refers to a vegetation productivity history maximum value of the area to be evaluated, the history minimum value refers to a vegetation productivity history minimum value of the area to be evaluated, and the actual value refers to an actual vegetation productivity value of the area to be evaluated.
For example, in the areas to be evaluated 1981 to 2010, the maximum value of the vegetation productivity is 1500 g.m-2.a-1, the minimum value is 1200 g.m-2.a-1, the evaluation year is 2014, and the vegetation productivity in the current year is 1300 g.m-2.a-1, the vegetation productivity index is = (1500-1300)/(1500-1200) =0.67.
In this embodiment, the index of the frequent meteorological disaster is determined according to the ratio of the disaster area of the area to be evaluated to the area of the area to be evaluated.
Step S103, according to ce= Σw i ×I i Calculating the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated, wherein CE is the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated, W i For the weight value of the ith evaluation index of the region to be evaluated, I i Is the index of the i-th evaluation index of the region to be evaluated.
In this embodiment, the weights of the water element, the gas element, the soil element, the green element, and the disaster element may be determined in advance by an expert scoring method, and then the weights of the evaluation indexes included in each evaluation element may be determined sequentially by an expert scoring method. In addition, the negative indicators may be subjected to a positive treatment (1-negative indicators).
Step S104, outputting the ecological environment quality grade of the region to be evaluated according to the preset corresponding relation between the ecological environment comprehensive evaluation index value and the ecological environment quality grade.
In this embodiment, the ecological environmental quality can be classified into 5 stages, i.e., excellent, good, general, poor, and bad.
Fig. 2 and 3 are comparison results of land desertification in 2007 and 2014 of Jian Ping county obtained by taking Jian Ping county of the arid-semiarid ecological transition region in northwest of Liaoning as an area to be evaluated.
According to the technical scheme, the regional ecological quality evaluation method aims at solving the defects of the traditional regional ecological quality evaluation based on the analytic hierarchy process, provides the regional ecological quality evaluation method from the angles of water, gas, soil, life and disasters, and aims at realizing the regional ecological quality dynamic monitoring and evaluation, particularly the ecological fragile region ecological quality dynamic monitoring and evaluation by utilizing the easily acquired data.
Referring to fig. 4, a regional ecological quality evaluation device provided by the present invention may be used to implement the regional ecological quality evaluation method, where each unit of the device corresponds to a step of the regional ecological quality evaluation method one by one. The apparatus may include:
an obtaining unit 401, configured to obtain index values of each evaluation index of a region to be evaluated according to a predetermined evaluation element and an evaluation index included in the evaluation element, where the predetermined evaluation element includes a water element, a gas element, a soil element, a raw element, and a disaster element.
And a processing unit 402, configured to normalize the index values of the evaluation indexes to form a dimensionless index.
Accordingly, the processing unit 402 may be configured to: and determining the index of the surface water body area according to the ratio of the water body area of the area to be evaluated to the total area of the area to be evaluated. According toAnd calculating an index of the surface layer underground water level, wherein the underground water level index refers to an index of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated, the historical minimum water level refers to a historical minimum value of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated, the actual water level refers to an actual value of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated, and the historical maximum water level refers to a historical maximum value of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated. And judging whether the wetting index is larger than 1. If the wetting index is > 1, the wetting index is determined to be 1. And if the wetting index is less than or equal to 1, determining that the wetting index is an actual value of the wetting index. And determining the index of the atmospheric dust fall according to the atmospheric dust fall amount saving and controlling standard of the region to be evaluated. And determining according to the temporary technical specification of the second soil screening, and determining the index of the soil nutrients of the region to be evaluated. And determining the index of soil desertification of the region to be evaluated according to the vegetation coverage ratio of the region to be evaluated. According to->Calculating a vegetation net first productivity index, wherein the history maximum value refers to the to-be-evaluated valueThe vegetation productivity history maximum value of the price area refers to the vegetation productivity history minimum value of the area to be evaluated, and the actual value refers to the vegetation productivity actual value of the area to be evaluated. And determining the index of the frequent meteorological disaster according to the ratio of the disaster receiving area of the area to be evaluated to the area of the area to be evaluated.
A calculation unit 403 for calculating a sum of the values according to CE = Σw i ×I i Calculating the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated, wherein CE is the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated, W i For the weight value of the ith evaluation index of the region to be evaluated, I i Is the index of the i-th evaluation index of the region to be evaluated. The weights of the water element, the gas element, the soil element, the raw element and the disaster element are determined in advance by an expert scoring method, and then the weights of the evaluation indexes contained in each evaluation element are determined in turn by the expert scoring method. In addition, the negative indicators may be subjected to a positive treatment (1-negative indicators).
And the output unit 404 is configured to output the ecological environment quality level of the area to be evaluated according to a preset correspondence between the ecological environment comprehensive evaluation index value and the ecological environment quality level. The ecological quality can be classified into 5 classes, namely excellent, good, general, poor and bad.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a storage medium, and further provides a storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored in the storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, part or all of the steps in each embodiment of the regional ecological quality evaluation method provided by the invention are realized. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the techniques of embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in software plus a necessary general purpose hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be embodied in essence or what contributes to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present invention.
The same or similar parts between the various embodiments in this specification are referred to each other. In particular, for the regional ecological quality assessment apparatus embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and reference is made to the description in the method embodiment for the matters.
The embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A regional ecological quality assessment method, the method comprising:
acquiring index values of various evaluation indexes of an area to be evaluated according to a preset evaluation element and an evaluation index contained in the evaluation element, wherein the preset evaluation element comprises a water element, a gas element, a soil element, a raw element and a disaster element;
carrying out standardization treatment on the index values of the evaluation indexes to form dimensionless indexes;
according to CE = ΣW i ×I i Calculating the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated, wherein CE is the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated, W i For the weight value of the ith evaluation index of the region to be evaluated, I i An index of an i-th evaluation index of the region to be evaluated;
outputting the ecological environment quality grade of the region to be evaluated according to a preset corresponding relation between the comprehensive ecological environment evaluation index value and the ecological environment quality grade;
the evaluation index included in the water element includes: the surface water body area and the surface water level are normalized, and the forming of the dimensionless index comprises the following steps:
determining an index of the surface water area according to the ratio of the water area of the area to be evaluated to the total area of the area to be evaluated;
according toCalculating an index of the surface layer underground water level, wherein the underground water level index refers to an index of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated, the historical minimum water level refers to a historical minimum value of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated, the actual water level refers to an actual value of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated, and the historical maximum water level refers to a historical maximum value of the surface layer underground water level of the region to be evaluated;
the evaluation index included in the gas element includes: the wet index and the atmospheric dust fall, the index values of all the evaluation indexes are standardized, and the formation of the dimensionless index comprises the following steps:
judging whether the wetting index is greater than 1;
if the wetting index is greater than 1, determining the wetting index to be 1;
if the wetting index is less than or equal to 1, determining that the wetting index is an actual value of the wetting index;
determining an index of the atmospheric dust fall according to the atmospheric dust fall amount saving and controlling standard of the region to be evaluated;
the wetting index is the ratio of the precipitation amount to the potential evapotranspiration amount;
the evaluation index included in the soil element includes: performing standardized treatment on index values of all evaluation indexes to form dimensionless indexes, wherein the standardized treatment comprises the following steps of:
determining according to the temporary technical specification of the second soil screening, and determining the index of soil nutrients in the region to be evaluated;
determining an index of soil desertification of the region to be evaluated according to the vegetation coverage ratio of the region to be evaluated;
the soil nutrient comprises 4 factors of organic matters, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium of soil with the soil surface layer of 0-40 cm;
the evaluation index included in the raw element includes: the vegetation coverage and vegetation net first productivity, the index values of the evaluation indexes are standardized, and the formation of dimensionless indexes comprises the following steps:
according toCalculating a vegetation net first productivity index, wherein the history maximum value refers to a vegetation productivity history maximum value of an area to be evaluated, the history minimum value refers to a vegetation productivity history minimum value of the area to be evaluated, and the actual value refers to an actual vegetation productivity value of the area to be evaluated;
in regional ecological quality evaluation, considering relevant factors of the ecological environment of the influence region from the angles of water, gas, soil, life and disasters which influence the ecological quality condition of the region, and considering the representativeness, the easy acquisition and the updatability of the selected indexes, determining an evaluation index system;
the surface water body area data is derived from the interpretation result of a remote sensing image machine, and the surface groundwater level data is derived from a water conservancy and meteorological data network; precipitation, potential evapotranspiration and atmospheric dust fall data are derived from a meteorological data network; the soil nutrient data is derived from a Chinese soil database, and the land desertification data is derived from a remote sensing image data-based extraction result; the vegetation coverage and vegetation productivity data are derived from remote sensing data interpretation results; disaster data originates from meteorological websites.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the disaster element comprises an evaluation index comprising: the method for standardizing the index values of the evaluation indexes in the frequent meteorological disasters to form dimensionless indexes comprises the following steps:
and determining the index of the frequent meteorological disaster according to the ratio of the disaster receiving area of the area to be evaluated to the area of the area to be evaluated.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the ce= Σwis according to CE = Σw i ×I i Calculating the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated, wherein CE is the comprehensive evaluation index value of the ecological environment of the region to be evaluated, W i For the weight value of the ith evaluation index of the region to be evaluated, I i In the step of indexing the i-th evaluation index of the region to be evaluated:
the weights of the water element, the gas element, the soil element, the raw element and the disaster element are determined in advance by an expert scoring method, and then the weights of the evaluation indexes contained in each evaluation element are determined in turn by the expert scoring method.
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