CN112417576A - Optimization method of building total plane design based on building fire prevention requirements - Google Patents

Optimization method of building total plane design based on building fire prevention requirements Download PDF

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CN112417576A
CN112417576A CN202011502049.9A CN202011502049A CN112417576A CN 112417576 A CN112417576 A CN 112417576A CN 202011502049 A CN202011502049 A CN 202011502049A CN 112417576 A CN112417576 A CN 112417576A
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unit
frame structure
structure model
distance
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徐定建
徐瑞行
余晓琴
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Ruian Antai Geological And Mineral Construction Engineering Co ltd
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Ruian Antai Geological And Mineral Construction Engineering Co ltd
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]

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Abstract

The invention discloses an optimization method of building total plane design based on building fire protection requirements, which comprises the steps of inputting a designed building total plane layout drawing, establishing a frame structure model by using the building total plane layout drawing, wherein the frame structure model is a finite element model, a plurality of units are divided on the frame structure model, and each unit is a square with the side length of A; and extracting the coordinates of the central point of each unit and the frame structure model, judging whether the central point of the unit is in a certain frame structure model, and if the central point is in the frame structure model, marking as a. By adopting the optimization method designed by the invention, the points which do not meet the fireproof space on the frame structure model can be calculated and marked, the compliance of the building fireproof space can be immediately judged, and a designer can design and adjust the overall plane layout of the building by referring to the points which do not meet the fireproof space and are marked on the frame structure model, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency of the designer.

Description

Optimization method of building total plane design based on building fire prevention requirements
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of buildings, in particular to an optimization method of a building total plane design based on building fireproof requirements.
Background
The building construction refers to the production activities in the engineering construction implementation stage, is the construction process of various buildings, also can be said to be various lines on the design drawing, the process of changing the building into a real object at a designated place comprises foundation engineering construction, main structure construction, roofing engineering construction, decoration engineering construction and the like, wherein the construction operation place is called a building construction site or a construction site, also called a construction site, and a very important part of the total plane arrangement of the building is the design of the fire-proof distance and the fire-fighting channel of the building, in order to prevent the fire from spreading to the adjacent buildings and save land, the current general design method depends on the space requirement among different types of buildings by designers, measuring the closest point between two building outlines through computer aided design software in the design process so as to judge whether the buildings meet the requirement of space; the method has the advantages that the method is large in inspection workload for the total planes with a large number of buildings, such as residential areas, industrial parks and the like, and projects with complex building outlines, the distances among all buildings need to be manually judged and exhausted, inspection results seriously depend on the quality and skill level of designers, and mistakes and omissions are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optimization method of building total plane design based on building fireproof requirements, which has the advantage of high efficiency and solves the problems that the traditional design method has large inspection workload, needs manual judgment and exhaustion of the intervals among all buildings, and the inspection result seriously depends on the quality and skill level of designers, so that mistakes and omissions are easily caused.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a building total plane design optimization method based on building fire protection requirements comprises the following steps:
inputting a designed building general plane layout drawing, and establishing a frame structure model by using the building general plane layout drawing, wherein the frame structure model is a finite element model, a plurality of units are divided on the finite element model, and each unit is a square with the side length of A;
(II) extracting the coordinates of the central point of each unit and the frame structure model, judging whether the central point of the unit is in a certain frame structure model, if the central point is in the frame structure model, marking as a, meeting the design requirement, and repeatedly calculatingIf the point is not in the frame structure model, calculating the minimum distance between the center point of the unit and the frame structure model, and recording the minimum value in all the minimum distances as D0And the corresponding fire protection type of the building is marked as T0The minimum distance and fire protection type of other buildings are denoted as Di、Ti(i＝1，2，...)；
(III) comparison D0And a/2, if D0If the ratio is less than or equal to A/2, the unit is judged to be on the frame structure model, and T is found according to the specification0And Ti(i 1, 2..) minimum fire separation D between two building categories, if DiIf D is less than D, the distance between the unit and other buildings is judged not to meet the specification of the fireproof distance, marked as b and unqualified, and if D is less than D, the distance between the unit and other buildings is judged not to meet the specification of the fireproof distanceiAnd D, judging that the distance between the unit and other buildings meets the specification of the fireproof distance, marking the distance as c, and calculating the next unit repeatedly after the distance is qualified.
Preferably, the distance D between the second step and the third step is the maximum fire-proof distance between all building types according to the standardmDeletion greater than DmD of (A)i。
Preferably, the minimum distance between the center point of the unit and the frame structure model in the second step is calculated by equally dividing the frame structure model into k points, and calculating the specific value of each point and the center point of the unit as l1、l2、...lkThe minimum distance between the center point of the unit and the frame structure model is min (l)1、l2、...lk)。
Preferably, the minimum distance m between the fire fighting access and the rescue site and the building is found according to the standard in the third step, and if D is greater than m, the minimum distance m is found0If m is less than or equal to m, judging that the unit is not suitable for arranging a fire fighting lane and a rescue site, marking as D, and if D is less than or equal to m, judging that the unit is not suitable for arranging a fire fighting lane and a rescue site, and if D is not more than D0If the number is more than m, the unit can be arranged with a fire fighting lane and a rescue site, and the mark is e.
Preferably, after the units are calculated, all the units marked as e form an e area, the minimum width of the fire fighting channel is found to be n according to the standard, and the narrow channel with the width smaller than n in the e area is deleted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
by adopting the optimization method designed by the invention, the points which do not meet the fireproof space on the frame structure model can be calculated and marked, the compliance of the building fireproof space can be immediately judged, and a designer can design and adjust the overall plane layout of the building by referring to the points which do not meet the fireproof space and are marked on the frame structure model, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency of the designer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that:
a building total plane design optimization method based on building fire protection requirements comprises the following steps:
inputting a designed building general plane layout drawing, and establishing a frame structure model by using the building general plane layout drawing, wherein the frame structure model is a finite element model, a plurality of units are divided on the finite element model, and each unit is a square with the side length of A;
(II) extracting the coordinates of the central point of each unit and the frame structure model, judging whether the central point of the unit is in a certain frame structure model, if the point is in the frame structure model, marking the central point as a, meeting the design requirement, repeatedly calculating the next unit, if the point is not in the frame structure model, calculating the minimum distance between the central point of the unit and the frame structure model, and marking the minimum value in all the minimum distances as D0And the corresponding fire protection type of the building is marked as T0The minimum distance and fire protection type of other buildings are denoted as Di、Ti(i＝1，2，...)；
(III) comparison D0And a/2, if D0If the ratio is less than or equal to A/2, the unit is judged to be on the frame structure model, and T is found according to the specification0And Ti(i 1, 2..) minimum fire separation D between two building categories, if DiIf D is less than D, the distance between the unit and other buildings is judged not to meet the specification of the fireproof distance, marked as b and unqualified, and if D is less than D, the distance between the unit and other buildings is judged not to meet the specification of the fireproof distanceiAnd D, judging that the distance between the unit and other buildings meets the specification of the fireproof distance, marking the distance as c, and calculating the next unit repeatedly after the distance is qualified.
The first embodiment is as follows:
inputting a designed building general plane layout drawing, and establishing a frame structure model by using the building general plane layout drawing, wherein the frame structure model is a finite element model, a plurality of units are divided on the finite element model, and each unit is a square with the side length of A; extracting the coordinates of the central point of each unit and the frame structure model, judging whether the central point of the unit is in a certain frame structure model, if the point is in the frame structure model, marking the central point as a, meeting the design requirement, repeatedly calculating the next unit, if the point is not in the frame structure model, calculating the minimum distance between the central point of the unit and the frame structure model, and marking the minimum value in all the minimum distances as D0And the corresponding fire protection type of the building is marked as T0The minimum distance and fire protection type of other buildings are denoted as Di、Ti(i ═ 1, 2.); comparison D0And a/2, if D0If the ratio is less than or equal to A/2, the unit is judged to be on the frame structure model, and T is found according to the specification0And Ti(i 1, 2..) minimum fire separation D between two building categories, if DiIf D is less than D, the distance between the unit and other buildings is judged not to meet the specification of the fireproof distance, marked as b and unqualified, and if D is less than D, the distance between the unit and other buildings is judged not to meet the specification of the fireproof distanceiAnd D, judging that the distance between the unit and other buildings meets the specification of the fireproof distance, marking the distance as c, and calculating the next unit repeatedly after the distance is qualified.
Example two:
in the first embodiment, the following steps are added:
the distance D with the maximum fire-proof distance among all the building types is searched according to the specifications between the step two and the step threemDeletion greater than DmD of (A)i。
Inputting a designed building general plane layout drawing, and establishing a frame structure model by using the building general plane layout drawing, wherein the frame structure model is a finite element model, a plurality of units are divided on the finite element model, and each unit is a square with the side length of A; extracting the coordinates of the central point of each unit and the frame structure model, judging whether the central point of the unit is in a certain frame structure model, if the point is in the frame structure model, marking the central point as a, meeting the design requirement, repeatedly calculating the next unit, if the point is not in the frame structure model, calculating the minimum distance between the central point of the unit and the frame structure model, and marking the minimum value in all the minimum distances as D0And the corresponding fire protection type of the building is marked as T0The minimum distance and fire protection type of other buildings are denoted as Di、Ti(i ═ 1, 2.); comparison D0And a/2, if D0If the ratio is less than or equal to A/2, the unit is judged to be on the frame structure model, and T is found according to the specification0And Ti(i 1, 2..) minimum fire separation D between two building categories, if DiIf D is less than D, the distance between the unit and other buildings is judged not to meet the specification of the fireproof distance, marked as b and unqualified, and if D is less than D, the distance between the unit and other buildings is judged not to meet the specification of the fireproof distanceiAnd D, judging that the distance between the unit and other buildings meets the specification of the fireproof distance, marking the distance as c, and calculating the next unit repeatedly after the distance is qualified.
Example three:
in the second embodiment, the following steps are added:
the minimum distance calculation method of the central point of the unit and the frame structure model in the step two is to equally divide the frame structure model into k points, and calculate the specific point of each point and the central point of the unit as l1、l2、...lkThe minimum distance between the center point of the unit and the frame structure model is min (l)1、l2、...lk)。
Input designed building assemblyA plane layout, namely establishing a frame structure model for the total building plane layout, wherein the frame structure model is a finite element model, a plurality of units are divided on the finite element model, and each unit is a square with the side length of A; extracting the coordinates of the central point of each unit and the frame structure model, judging whether the central point of the unit is in a certain frame structure model, if the point is in the frame structure model, marking the central point as a, meeting the design requirement, repeatedly calculating the next unit, if the point is not in the frame structure model, calculating the minimum distance between the central point of the unit and the frame structure model, and marking the minimum value in all the minimum distances as D0And the corresponding fire protection type of the building is marked as T0The minimum distance and fire protection type of other buildings are denoted as Di、Ti(i ═ 1, 2.); comparison D0And a/2, if D0If the ratio is less than or equal to A/2, the unit is judged to be on the frame structure model, and T is found according to the specification0And Ti(i 1, 2..) minimum fire separation D between two building categories, if DiIf D is less than D, the distance between the unit and other buildings is judged not to meet the specification of the fireproof distance, marked as b and unqualified, and if D is less than D, the distance between the unit and other buildings is judged not to meet the specification of the fireproof distanceiAnd D, judging that the distance between the unit and other buildings meets the specification of the fireproof distance, marking the distance as c, and calculating the next unit repeatedly after the distance is qualified.
Example four:
in the third embodiment, the following steps are added:
finding out the minimum distance m between the fire fighting channel and the rescue site and the building according to the standard in the third step, and if D is not more than m, finding out the minimum distance m between the fire fighting channel and the rescue site and the building0If m is less than or equal to m, judging that the unit is not suitable for arranging a fire fighting lane and a rescue site, marking as D, and if D is less than or equal to m, judging that the unit is not suitable for arranging a fire fighting lane and a rescue site, and if D is not more than D0If the number is more than m, the unit can be arranged with a fire fighting lane and a rescue site, and the mark is e.
Inputting a designed building general plane layout drawing, and establishing a frame structure model by using the building general plane layout drawing, wherein the frame structure model is a finite element model, a plurality of units are divided on the finite element model, and each unit is a square with the side length of A; extracting the coordinates of the central point of each unit and the frame structure model, and judging whether the central point of the unit is in a certain frameIf the point is not in the frame structure model, calculating the minimum distance between the center point of the unit and the frame structure model, and marking the minimum value in all the minimum distances as D0And the corresponding fire protection type of the building is marked as T0The minimum distance and fire protection type of other buildings are denoted as Di、Ti(i ═ 1, 2.); comparison D0And a/2, if D0If the ratio is less than or equal to A/2, the unit is judged to be on the frame structure model, and T is found according to the specification0And Ti(i 1, 2..) minimum fire separation D between two building categories, if DiIf D is less than D, the distance between the unit and other buildings is judged not to meet the specification of the fireproof distance, marked as b and unqualified, and if D is less than D, the distance between the unit and other buildings is judged not to meet the specification of the fireproof distanceiAnd D, judging that the distance between the unit and other buildings meets the specification of the fireproof distance, marking the distance as c, and calculating the next unit repeatedly after the distance is qualified.
Example five:
in the fourth example, the following steps were added:
after the unit calculation is finished, all the units marked as e form an e area, the minimum width of the fire fighting channel is found to be n according to the standard, and narrow channels with the width smaller than n in the e area are deleted.
Inputting a designed building general plane layout drawing, and establishing a frame structure model by using the building general plane layout drawing, wherein the frame structure model is a finite element model, a plurality of units are divided on the finite element model, and each unit is a square with the side length of A; extracting the coordinates of the central point of each unit and the frame structure model, judging whether the central point of the unit is in a certain frame structure model, if the point is in the frame structure model, marking the central point as a, meeting the design requirement, repeatedly calculating the next unit, if the point is not in the frame structure model, calculating the minimum distance between the central point of the unit and the frame structure model, and marking the minimum value in all the minimum distances as D0And the corresponding fire protection type of the building is marked as T0The minimum distance and fire protection type of other buildings are denoted as Di、Ti(i ═ 1, 2.); comparison D0And a/2, if D0If the ratio is less than or equal to A/2, the unit is judged to be on the frame structure model, and T is found according to the specification0And Ti(i 1, 2..) minimum fire separation D between two building categories, if DiIf D is less than D, the distance between the unit and other buildings is judged not to meet the specification of the fireproof distance, marked as b and unqualified, and if D is less than D, the distance between the unit and other buildings is judged not to meet the specification of the fireproof distanceiAnd D, judging that the distance between the unit and other buildings meets the specification of the fireproof distance, marking the distance as c, and calculating the next unit repeatedly after the distance is qualified.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1.一种基于建筑防火要求的建筑总平面设计的优化方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：1. an optimization method based on the building general plan design of building fire protection requirements, is characterized in that: comprise the steps: （一）输入设计好的建筑总平面布置图，将该建筑总平面布置图建立框架结构模型，框架结构模型为有限元模型，其上划分有多个单元，每个单元为边长为A的正方形；(1) Input the designed general floor plan of the building, and establish a frame structure model of the general floor plan of the building. The frame structure model is a finite element model, which is divided into multiple units, and each unit is a side length of A. square; （二）提取每个单元的中心点和框架结构模型的坐标，判断该单元的中心点是否在某个框架结构模型内，若该点在框架结构模型内，则标记为a，符合设计要求，重复计算下一个单元，若该点不在框架结构模型内，计算该单元的中心点与框架结构模型的最小距离，所有的最小距离中最小的值记为D0，对应建筑的防火类型记为T0，其它建筑的最小距离和防火类型记为Di、Ti(i＝1，2，...)；(2) Extract the coordinates of the center point of each unit and the frame structure model, and determine whether the center point of the unit is in a certain frame structure model. If the point is in the frame structure model, mark it as a, which meets the design requirements. Repeat the calculation for the next unit. If the point is not in the frame structure model, calculate the minimum distance between the center point of the unit and the frame structure model. The smallest value among all the minimum distances is recorded as D 0 , and the fire protection type of the corresponding building is recorded as T 0 , the minimum distance and fire protection type of other buildings are recorded as Di, Ti ( i =1, 2,...); （三）比较D0和A/2之间的大小，若D0≤A/2，则判定该单元在框架结构模型上，根据规范查得T0和Ti(i＝1，2，...)两个建筑类别之间的最小防火间距D，如果Di＜D，则判断此单元与其它建筑之间的距离不满足防火间距的规范，标记为b，不合格，若Di≥D，则判断此单元与其它建筑之间的距离满足防火间距的规范，标记为c，合格，然后重复计算下一个单元。(3) Compare the size between D 0 and A/2, if D 0 ≤ A/2, then determine that the unit is on the frame structure model, and find T 0 and T i (i=1, 2, . ..) The minimum fire separation distance D between the two building categories, if D i < D, it is judged that the distance between this unit and other buildings does not meet the specification of fire separation distance, marked as b, unqualified, if D i ≥ D, then it is judged that the distance between this unit and other buildings meets the specification of fire separation distance, marked as c, qualified, and then repeat the calculation of the next unit. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于建筑防火要求的建筑总平面设计的优化方法，其特征在于：所述步骤二和步骤三中之间还有根据规范查得所有建筑类别之间防火间距最大的距离Dm，删除大于Dm的Di。2. The optimization method for building general plan design based on building fire protection requirements according to claim 1, characterized in that: between the step 2 and the step 3, there is also a fire protection between all building categories checked according to the specification. The distance D m with the largest spacing, delete the D i larger than D m . 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于建筑防火要求的建筑总平面设计的优化方法，其特征在于：所述步骤二中单元的中心点与框架结构模型的最小距离计算方法是将框架结构模型等分为k个点，计算每个点与单元中心点的具体分别为l1、l2、...lk，单元的中心点与框架结构模型的最小距离l＝min(l1、l2、...lk)。3. the optimization method of a kind of building general plan design based on building fire protection requirements according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the minimum distance calculation method between the center point of the unit and the frame structure model in the step 2 is to use the frame structure The model is equally divided into k points, and the specific calculation of each point and the center point of the unit is l 1 , l 2 , ... l k , and the minimum distance between the center point of the unit and the frame structure model is l=min(l 1 , l 2 , ...l k ). 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于建筑防火要求的建筑总平面设计的优化方法，其特征在于：所述步骤三中根据规范查得消防通道和救援场地与建筑之间的最小间距m，若D0≤m，则判断该单元不宜布置消防车道和救援场地，标记为d，若D0＞m，则判断该单元可布置消防车道和救援场地，标记为e。4. The optimization method for building general plan design based on building fire protection requirements according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the minimum distance m between the fire exit and the rescue site and the building is checked according to the specification , if D 0 ≤ m, it is judged that the unit should not be arranged with fire lanes and rescue sites, marked as d; if D 0 >m, it is judged that the unit can be arranged with fire lanes and rescue sites, marked as e. 5.根据权利要求4所述的一种基于建筑防火要求的建筑总平面设计的优化方法，其特征在于：所述单元计算完毕后，所有标记为e的单元形成e区域，根据规范查得消防通道的最小宽度为n，删除e区域中宽度小于n的狭窄通道。5. An optimization method for building general plan design based on building fire protection requirements according to claim 4, characterized in that: after the calculation of the unit is completed, all units marked e form an e area, and the fire protection is checked according to the specification. The minimum width of a channel is n, and narrow channels with widths less than n in the e region are deleted.
CN202011502049.9A 2020-12-18 2020-12-18 Optimization method of building total plane design based on building fire prevention requirements Pending CN112417576A (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109003501A (en) * 2018-08-09 2018-12-14 公安部天津消防研究所 A kind of fire simulation experimental apparatus and experimental method for studying building fire protection spacing
CN111931280A (en) * 2020-08-27 2020-11-13 清华大学建筑设计研究院有限公司 Optimization method of building total plane design based on building fire prevention requirements

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109003501A (en) * 2018-08-09 2018-12-14 公安部天津消防研究所 A kind of fire simulation experimental apparatus and experimental method for studying building fire protection spacing
CN111931280A (en) * 2020-08-27 2020-11-13 清华大学建筑设计研究院有限公司 Optimization method of building total plane design based on building fire prevention requirements

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Application publication date: 20210226