CN110838169B - Airport clearance three-dimensional modeling method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an airport clearance three-dimensional modeling method. The method comprises the following steps: s1, according to the existing airport clearance regulations, aiming at the change of the slope characteristics of the lifting belt to the limit surface range of the airport clearance zone obstacle. S2, considering the airport clearance area as an integrated three-dimensional space formed by clearance three-dimensional blocks, and establishing a general model for solving the clearance three-dimensional blocks. S3, analyzing and determining slope control point coordinates in the lifting belt and intersection point coordinates of transition surfaces on two sides of the lifting belt and an inner water plane based on the application model. S4, based on a general model of clearance three-dimensional block calculation, constructing an airport clearance three-dimensional block calculation model with distinct structural layers for a lifting belt, an end clearance zone and a side clearance zone which form an airport clearance zone.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of airport clearance evaluation, and relates to airport site selection and safe operation management after airport establishment, in particular to an airport clearance three-dimensional modeling method and correct and reasonable application of airport clearance regulation.
Background
Airport clearance is a space area which extends to the periphery based on a runway, and airport clearance regulation is a limiting requirement on the height of obstacles in the area. The lifting belt reflecting the slope shape of the runway directly affects the limit range of the whole airport clearance area, and further has a larger influence on the judgment of the superhigh condition of the obstacles around the airport.
The airport clearance assessment model established in the prior art is highly symmetrically distributed on two sides of two ends of a lifting belt in an airport clearance area plane, but since the elevation of the starting points of the transition surfaces of the two sides of the lifting belt is the elevation of each point on the central line of a runway, and the elevation of the starting points of the inner horizontal plane and the outer horizontal plane is the elevation of the middle point of the two ends of the runway, when the longitudinal slope change of the runway is considered, the range of the clearance limiting surface is only symmetrical on two sides of the lifting belt, and is similar to the elevation of the two ends of the lifting belt. This in practice may lead to differences and accuracy in airport headroom evaluations. Moreover, this difference exists not only in military airport clearance regulations, but also in highway airfield runway, field airport clearance regulations, and civil airport clearance regulations.
At present, airport clearance assessment is generally carried out by firstly establishing a plane range judgment equation of each obstacle limiting surface forming an airport clearance area, secondly determining the limiting height of the obstacle, and finally assessing whether the obstacle is ultrahigh or not and the ultrahigh by comparing the obstacle height with the limiting height. If the calculation limiting plane and the limiting height are respectively judged, the formula is numerous, the comparison is abstract, the evaluation efficiency is reduced, and certain limitation is achieved. The airport clearance zone obstacle limiting surface is an integrated space range consisting of a limiting plane and a limiting height, each obstacle limiting surface of the airport clearance zone can be considered to be formed by three-dimensional blocks, and further the situation of the obstacle superelevation can be directly judged.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to correctly and reasonably use airport clearance regulations to control airport peripheral obstacles, an airport clearance assessment program is conveniently written, and the assessment of the ultra-high condition of the topography around the airport clearance is rapidly realized, the invention provides an airport clearance three-dimensional modeling method, which aims to solve the abstract inefficiency problems of application difference of airport clearance regulations and airport clearance assessment.
The invention is realized in such a way that an airport clearance three-dimensional modeling method comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the existing airport clearance regulations, providing an ideal airport clearance model and an application model concept aiming at the change of slope characteristics of a lifting belt to the limit surface range of an airport clearance zone obstacle and the influence on airport clearance assessment work
When the clearance limiting surface takes the runway center point as a symmetrical center and is highly symmetrically distributed on two sides of two ends of the lifting belt in the airport clearance area plane, the clearance limiting surface is called an ideal clearance model, namely an ideal model for short. The lifting belt is a rectangular horizontal plane formed by taking the central line of the runway as a reference, parallel lines of the central lines of 100m on both sides and vertical lines of horizontal extension lines of the central lines of 100m on both ends, but the elevation of the transition surfaces on both sides of the lifting belt adopts the elevation of each point on the central line of the runway, and the elevation of the transition surfaces on the inner and outer horizontal planes adopts the elevation of the middle points on both ends of the runway, so that in actual conditions, when the longitudinal slope change of the runway is considered, the range and the elevation of the clearance area of the airport can be changed to a certain extent due to the difference of the elevation of the middle points on both ends of the runway and the gradient difference of each section of the runway. In this case, the range of the clearance limiting surface is symmetrical only about the two sides of the lifting belt, and is similar in the direction of the two ends of the lifting belt, and for this reason, the airport clearance model is called an application airport clearance model, which is simply called an application model. In the feasibility research stage of airport construction, in order to pre-determine the site suitable for constructing the airport, the feasibility of the site construction needs to be generally evaluated, so that the feasibility of the site construction is conveniently and quickly compared and analyzed. However, in this case, since the slope data of the airport runway is not or is not complete, the clearance assessment should be performed using an ideal model. When the construction of the airport enters a planning and designing stage or the airport is built and put into operation, the optimal site is subjected to the processes of surveying, detailing and the like, so that detailed original data is provided for the plane design of the airport runway, the plane design of the airport runway is accurately embodied, and at the moment, the clearance assessment can be carried out by using an application model.
S2, considering the airport clearance area as an integrated three-dimensional space formed by clearance three-dimensional blocks, and establishing a general model for solving the clearance three-dimensional blocks;
s21, division of airport clearance three-dimensional space
Airport clearance regulations are limiting requirements for the height of obstacles located in the plane of an airport clearance area, and are three-dimensional space surrounded by the plane and the height requirements. Therefore, the airport clearance area is regarded as being composed of clearance three-dimensional blocks, the airport clearance three-dimensional blocks are divided according to different obstacle limiting surfaces, so that an airport clearance three-dimensional model is built, and the clearance three-dimensional blocks are surrounded by the top surface and the bottom surface. When evaluating whether the obstacle is superhigh, it is only necessary to judge whether the obstacle is in the airport clearance three-dimensional block.
Taking the clearance of a second-level military airport as an example, a space rectangular coordinate system O-XYZ taking the center point of a runway as the origin of coordinates (0, 0) is firstly established, wherein the X axis is along the direction of the central line of the runway, the Y axis is perpendicular to the central line of the runway, and the Z axis is perpendicular to the upward direction of an XOY plane.
Analysis of 1/2 airport clearance zone obstacle limiting surfaces as shown in figure 1, in the ideal model, the lifting belt, the transition surface, the conical surface, the inner and outer horizontal surfaces and the obstacle limiting surfaces of the end clearance zone are symmetrically distributed about the Y-axis. The corresponding obstacle limiting surface of the 1/4 airport clearance area mainly comprises 15 different areas, and the top surfaces are respectively provided with S i (i=1, 2, … … 15), wherein S 14 Is a conical surface, the rest are plane surfaces, as shown in figure 2, corresponding to 15 clearance three-dimensional blocks, respectively using V i (i=1, 2, … … 15).
In the application model, the runway longitudinal slope is composed of multiple sections of slopes, and the corresponding 1/2 airport clearance area obstacle limiting surfaces are similar to the Y-axis symmetry except that the shapes of the lifting belt, transition surfaces on two sides of the lifting belt and the inner horizontal plane are suddenly changed due to the change of the runway slopes. Thus, for the lifting belt S 1 Transition surfaces S on two sides of lifting belt 6 An inner water level S 12 Analyzing according to the actual runway longitudinal slope composition; modeling of other obstacle limiting surfaces is correspondingly adjusted according to the elevation of the middle points at the two ends of the runway.
S22, airport clearance three-dimensional block calculation model
S221, top surface limit range solving
If S i The three-dimensional coordinates of n corner points of the plane can be calculated according to the requirements of the obstacle limiting surface of the airport clearance area and the plane is n-sidedDetermining the headroom cube block V i The top surface of the barrier limits the range.
Under the established space rectangular coordinate system O-XYZ, the coordinates of any 3 corner points of the plane Si are assumed to be (x 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 )、(x 2 ,y 2 ,z 2 )、(x 3 ,y 3 ,z 3 ) Plane S is defined according to the point-normal plane equation i The expression of the Z coordinate is:
Z i ＝z 1 +{[(y 2 -y 1 )(z 3 -z 1 )-(z 2 -z 1 )(y 3 -y 1 )](x-x 1 )+[(z 2 -z 1 )(x 3 -x 1 )
-(x 2 -x 1 )(z 3 -z 1 )](y-y 1 )}/[(y 2 -y 1 )(x 3 -x 1 )-(x 2 -x 1 )(y 3 -y 1 )] (1)
for conical surface S 14 Assuming that the coordinates of any point on the surface are (x, y, Z), the radius of a circle corresponding to the central axis is R, and determining that the coordinates of the cone top are (l/2+100, 0, Z-R.k) and S according to a translation formula of a standard conical surface formed by rotating a straight line around the Z axis 14 The Z coordinate expression of (c) is:
wherein: k is the gradient of the obstacle limiting surface; l is the length of the runway and m.
Then, all headroom three-dimensional stereo blocks V i The range of obstacle heights allowed is:
0≤z≤Z i (3)
wherein: z is V i The allowed obstacle height, m.
S222, bottom surface limit range solving
Will S i Vertical projection to the XOY plane, the enclosed area is V i Bottom area to which the obstacle belongsDomain. For plane S i The coordinates of the corner points are edited clockwise in order as (x u ,y u ) (u=1, 2, … … n), adjacent 2 corner points can determine a straight line, and the straight line equation corresponding to n-1 is:
(y-y u )(x u -x u+1 )-(x-x u )(y u -y u+1 )＝0,(u＝1,2,…n-1) (4)
wherein, the nth linear equation is:
(y-y 1 )(x 1 -x n+1 )-(x-x 1 )(y 1 -y n+1 )＝0 (5)
by applying the theory of linear programming, the projection area of the bottom surface of the n-sided polygon surrounded by n corner points can be represented by the formulas (4) and (5).
For conical surface S 14 The projection on the XOY plane is a sector, and assuming that the radius corresponding to any point (x, y) in the sector is R and the center coordinates of the radius are (l/2+100, 0), the circular curve of the sector can be expressed as:
(x-l/2-100) 2 +y 2 ＝R 2 (6)
binding S 14 Corresponding projection curve equation, V can be determined 14 The bottom projection area to which the obstacle belongs.
Finally, from equations (3) and S i The projection area of the surrounding bottom surface can determine V i The enclosed space range.
S3, analyzing and determining slope control point coordinates in the lifting belt and intersection point coordinates of transition surfaces on two sides of the lifting belt and an inner water plane based on an application model;
s31, slope control point in lifting belt
Lifting belt S 1 In an ideal model, the horizontal plane without height change is adopted, and in an application model, the model is influenced by the longitudinal slope of a runway and consists of a plurality of sections of slope surfaces. Next, slope control points within the lifting belt are analyzed for the application model.
Assuming the length of the runway is l, the runway is composed of m sections of longitudinal slopes, and the length of each section of longitudinal slope is l j Corresponding gradient isμ j . In general, the elevation of the center point of the runway and the midpoint of the two ends of the runway are known and are respectively denoted as h z 、h 1 、h m+1 . When j=1, the corresponding runway left end midpoint h 1 Calculating the elevation h of the end point of the j-th longitudinal slope according to the calculation result j As runway slope control points. The lifting belt also comprises 100m extension sections at the two ends of the runway, wherein the gradient of the extension sections is 0 and the extension sections are corresponding to the same elevation as the middle point of each end. At this time, the lengths of the two extension sections are respectively l 0 ＝l m+1 =100m; gradient is mu respectively 0 ＝μ m+1 =0; the corresponding endpoint elevations are h respectively 0 ＝h 1 ，h m+2 ＝h m+1 。
Assuming that the midpoint of the left end of the runway is used as a starting point of the slope, the ascending slope is positive, and the descending slope is negative; when the central point of the runway is taken as the origin of coordinates, the X coordinates and the Z coordinates of the slope control points in the lifting zone are respectively as follows:
s32, crossing points of transition surfaces on two sides of the lifting belt and the inner water plane
Transition surface S on two sides of lifting belt 6 Is a plane formed by the intersection of the lifting belt side line, the lifting belt side line and the inner water plane, and the lifting belt side line is inclined upwards and outwards according to a gradient of 1/10. The slope surface composition of the lifting belt can influence the plane shape of the transition surface, so that the intersection point of the transition surface and the inner water surface is influenced. According to the principle that the starting elevation of the inner water plane adopts the elevation of the middle point at the two ends of the runway, the coordinate of the intersection point of the transition plane and the inner water plane can be obtained as follows:
in the application model, taking an obstacle limiting surface positioned in a first quadrant of an airport coordinate system as an example, combining corner points of the obstacle limiting surface (including slope control points in a lifting belt and intersection points of transition surfaces on two sides of the lifting belt and an inner water plane), and applying the formulas (1) to (8), the spatial range contained in the three-dimensional block of the application type airport headroom corresponding to the 15 faces can be solved.
S4, based on a general model of clearance three-dimensional block calculation, constructing an airport clearance three-dimensional block calculation model with distinct structural layers for a lifting belt, an end clearance zone and a side clearance zone which form an airport clearance zone.
S41, lifting belt clearance three-dimensional block
Form lifting belt S 1 M+2 slopes of (2) are quadrilateral, and coordinates of 4 corner points of the jth slope are (x) 1(j-1) ,0,z 1(j-1) )、(x 1(j-1) ,100,z 1(j-1) )、(x 1j ,0,z 1j )、(x 1j ,100,z 1j ) V is then 1 The expression of the enclosed space region is:
s42, end headroom region headroom three-dimensional block
In the application model, for the first segment S of the end clearance zone 2 Beginning Gao Chengying is elevation z of the lift belt end 1(m+2) Similarly, S 3 Is z 1(m+2) +20，S 4 Is a horizontal plane with the elevation z 1(m+2) +180，S 5 The end elevation of (2) is z 1(m+2) +380。
S 2 Section 1 located in the end headroom zone, followed by S 1 Is a rectangular plane, and the spatial coordinates of the other 2 corner points are (x 1(m+2) +1500,0,z 1(m+2) +20)、(x 1(m+2) +1500,325,z 1(m+2) +20), then V 2 The method comprises the following steps:
wherein: z 1(m+2) ＝h m+2 -h z ，x 1(m+2) ＝l/2+100。
S 3 Section 2 located in the end clearance zone, followed by S 2 Is pentagonal plane, and the spatial coordinates of the other 3 corner points are (x 1(m+2) +9500,0,z 1(m+2) +180)、(x 1(m+2) +28000/3,1500,z 1(m+2) +530/3)、(x 1(m+2) +9500,1500,z 1(m+2) +180), then V 3 The method comprises the following steps:
S 4 section 3 located in the end clearance zone, following S3, is a rectangular horizontal plane, and the space coordinates of the other 2 corner points are (x 1(m+2) +15000,0,z 1(m+2) +180)、(x 1(m+2) +15000,1500,z 1(m+2) +180), then V 4 The method comprises the following steps:
S 5 section 4 located in the end clearance zone, followed by S 4 Is a rectangular plane, and the space coordinates of the other 2 corner points are respectively (x 1(m+2) +20000,0,z 1(m+2) +380)、(x 1(m+2) +20000,1500,z 1(m+2) +380), then V 5 The method comprises the following steps:
s43, side headroom area headroom three-dimensional block
S 6 ～S 11 For transition surfaces, the elevation slave end clearance zone limiting surface S 1 ～S 5 Starting from the border with 1/10 slope and inner level S 12 Conical surface S 14 An outer horizontal plane S 15 And (5) connection.
Transition surface S on two sides of lifting belt 6 And S is connected with 1 The spatial coordinates of the other 2 corner points of the ith slope are (x) 1(j-1) ,y 6(j-1) ,z 6(j-1) )、(x 1j ,y 6j ,z 6j ) V is then 6 The method comprises the following steps:
transition surface S 7 S is connected in sequence 6 And S is connected with 2 、S 12 The lateral connection is a quadrilateral plane, and the space coordinates of the other 1 corner point are (x 1(m+2) +1500,y 71 ,z 6(m+2) ) V is then 7 The method comprises the following steps:
wherein: y is 71 ＝325+10(z 6(m+2) -20-z 1(m+2) )。
Transition surface S 8 S is connected in sequence 7 And S is connected with 2 、S 12 、S 14 Laterally connected, pentagonal plane, one side being curved, and the spatial coordinates of the other 2 corner points being (x 1(m+2) +x 81 ,y 81 ,z 6(m+2) )，(x 1(m+2) +28000/3,y 82 ,z 82 ) V is then 8 The method comprises the following steps:
wherein:
wherein a is 8 ＝8，b 8 ＝2(z 1(m+2) +80/3)-6(3z 6(m+2) -350)，c 8 ＝(3z 6(m+2) -350) 2 -(z 1(m+2) +80/3) 2 -(2800/3) 2 。
Transition surface S 9 S is connected in sequence 8 And S is connected with 3 、S 14 The lateral connection is a quadrilateral plane, one side is a curve, and the spatial coordinates of the other 1 corner point are (x 1(m+2) +9500,y 91 ,z 91 ) V is then 9 The method comprises the following steps:
wherein:
y 91 ＝10(z 91 -z 1(m+2) -30)
wherein a is 9 ＝8，b 9 ＝2(z 1(m+2) +30)-6(3z 6(m+2) -350)，c 9 ＝(3z 6(m+2) -350) 2 -(z 1(m+2) +30) 2 -950 2 。
Transition surface S 10 S is connected in sequence 9 And S is connected with 4 、S 15 Laterally connected, pentagonal plane, one side being curved, and the spatial coordinates of the other 2 corner points being (x 1(m+2) +x 101 ,y 101 ,z 6(m+2) +320)、(x 1(m+2) +15000,y 101 ,z 6(m+2) +320), then V 10 The method comprises the following steps:
wherein: y is 101 ＝1500+10(z 6(m+2) -z 1(m+2) +140)，
Transition surface S 11 S is connected in sequence 10 And S is connected with 5 、S 15 Lateral phase connection, and the spatial coordinates of the other 1 corner point are (x 1(m+2) +20000,y 111 ,z 6(m+2) +320). In the application model, when S 15 Elevation and S 5 V when the end point elevation is equal 11 Is a triangular solid block; when S is 15 Elevation and S 5 V when the end point elevation of (a) is not equal 11 Is a quadrangle solid block, V 11 The general calculation model of (1) is:
wherein: y is 111 ＝1500+10(z 6(m+2) -z 1(m+2) -60)。
S 12 Is positioned at the inner horizontal plane and S 6 、S 7 、S 8 、S 13 、S 14 The other 2 corner points are laterally connected, and the space coordinates of the other 2 corner points are respectively (0, 3500, z 6(m+2) )，(x 1(m+2) ,3500,z 6(m+2) ) V is then 12 The method comprises the following steps:
S 13 located on the conical surface and S 12 、S 14 Laterally connected, rectangular planes, and the spatial coordinates of the other 2 corner points are (0, 13100, z) 6(m+2) +320)、(x 1(m+2) ,13100,z 6(m+2) +320), then V 13 The method comprises the following steps:
S 14 is positioned on the conical surface and is connected with S 13 And S is connected with 12 、S 15 The lateral connection is a hexagonal curved surface, when the radius of the circle is 3500, the corresponding cone top coordinate is (x-x) 1(m+2) ,0,z 6(m+2) -350/3), then V 14 The method comprises the following steps:
S 15 is positioned at the outer horizontal plane and S 10 、S 11 、S 8 、S 14 Laterally connected, pentagonal plane, and the spatial coordinates of the other 1 corner point are (x 1(m+2) +20000,13100,z 6(m+2) +320), then V 15 The method comprises the following steps:
combining with an airport clearance three-dimensional block resolving model, the ultrahigh height of the ultrahigh barrier is as follows:
Δz＝h-Z (24)
wherein: Δz is the ultra-high height, m; h is the height value of the ultra-high barrier, m; z is the limiting height of the obstacle limiting surface where the obstacle is located, and m.
Therefore, according to V 1 ～V 15 The clearance three-dimensional block analysis formula and formula (24) can directly judge the clearance three-dimensional block where the obstacle is located, and the height and the superhigh condition of the obstacle are limited.
Compared with the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention discloses an application range of 2 airport clearance models and 1 airport clearance assessment method, which are applicable to not only second-level military airport clearance regulations, but also first-level, third-level and fourth-level airport clearance regulations, and simultaneously applicable to highway runway and field airport clearance regulations, and also applicable to civil airport clearance regulations. In actual use, the difference between an ideal model and an application model can occur, and the ideal model and the application model need to be analyzed and resolved in detail to determine the application time and the application range of the model, so that airport clearance evaluation management and inspection work are more standard and reasonable. Meanwhile, the range of the obstacle limiting surface of the clearance area of the airport can be conveniently solved, the efficiency of evaluating the clearance of the airport is improved, and the clearance model of the airport is more vivid and concrete.
Drawings
FIG. 1 1/2 is an elevation view of an airport goaf (for example, a second-level airport goaf)
FIG. 2 is a slope view of a lifting belt
FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the airport terminal clearance (the broken line represents the clearance limiting surface of the ideal model)
Headroom assessment of the ideal model of FIG. 4
Headroom assessment of the application model of FIG. 5
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention discloses an airport clearance three-dimensional modeling method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the existing airport clearance regulations, providing an ideal airport clearance model and an application model concept aiming at the change of slope characteristics of a lifting belt to the limit surface range of an airport clearance zone barrier and the influence on airport clearance assessment work;
s2, considering the airport clearance area as an integrated three-dimensional space formed by clearance three-dimensional blocks, and establishing a general model for solving the clearance three-dimensional blocks;
s3, analyzing and determining slope control point coordinates in the lifting belt and intersection point coordinates of transition surfaces on two sides of the lifting belt and an inner water plane based on an application model;
s4, based on a general model of clearance three-dimensional block calculation, constructing an airport clearance three-dimensional block calculation model with distinct structural layers for a lifting belt, an end clearance zone and a side clearance zone which form an airport clearance zone.
The airport clearance area is formed by combining three-dimensional blocks of each airport clearance. Each airport clearance three-dimensional block is provided with an independent resolving model; and the calculation model of the three-dimensional block of the clearance of each airport is consistent for different runways, and the range of the clearance of the airport is different only when the parameters of the runways are different. Therefore, according to the characteristics of the three-dimensional block calculation model of the airport clearance, an airport clearance assessment program is compiled in combination with the step S4, and by setting different parameters, an ideal model (the elevation of the central point of the runway is the same as the elevation of the middle points at the two ends of the runway, the elevation can be set to be 0, the longitudinal slope section of the runway is composed of 3 slopes, the length of the runway is 1 section, the gradient is 0, the lifting bands at the two ends of the runway are 1 section, and the gradient is 0) and the application model can be used for assessment.
The runway of a certain second-level airport is in the east-west direction, the length is 2500m, the elevation of the airport is 18.87m, the east end of the runway is 16.9m, and the west end of the runway is 20.78m. The runway is composed of 5 sections of longitudinal slopes, the longitudinal slope values of the runway are-0.0008,0.0034,0.005,0.0035, -0.0018 from west to east, and the length of each section of the longitudinal slope is 600m,500m,450m,400m and 550m. An airport coordinate system O-XYZ is established, wherein the west end of the runway is positioned on the left side of the central point of the runway, and the clearance cross section of the airport end is shown in figure 3. 4 ground object points around the airport are collected, the super high condition of ground object data is judged in an ideal model and an application model respectively by utilizing an airport clearance assessment program, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, and the clearance assessment results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 ground object information and headroom assessment situation (m)
From table 2 and fig. 3 to 5, it can be found that:
(1) The built airport clearance three-dimensional block resolving model is not only applicable to an ideal model, but also applicable to application models with different heights from the middle points at the two ends of the runway. When each section of runway is provided with a longitudinal slope mu j When=0 (j=1, 2, …, m), i.e. the elevation of the central point of the runway is equal to the elevation of the central points of the two ends of the runway, the applied model is equal to the ideal model, which indicates that the ideal model is a special case in the applied model. In the airport clearance assessment program, when the central point of the two ends of the runway is different in starting elevation, the clearance assessment can be carried out by only adjusting the longitudinal slope input parameters of the runway for the evaluation of the obstacles at the different ends of the runway.
(2) The difference of the heights of the obstacle limiting surfaces of the lifting belts and the end clearance areas positioned at the two ends of the central point of the runway in the application model is caused by the change of the longitudinal slope of the runway, as shown in fig. 4; in the ideal model, the runway is a horizontal plane, so that the heights of the lifting belts at the two ends of the central point of the runway and the barrier limiting surfaces of the end clearance area are symmetrically equal about the Y axis.
(3) Even if the clearance three-dimensional blocks of the obstacles at the same place are different in different models, the obstacle exceeding conditions of the obstacles are different, and erroneous judgment is easy to cause.
(4) For the obstacles in the same headroom cube, the heights of the obstacle limiting surfaces in different models are also greatly different, so that the obstacles are treated differently when applied.
(5) In practice, when the slope data of the airport runway is not or is not complete, an ideal model is used for carrying out clearance assessment, and the method is generally applicable to the feasibility research stage of airport construction; when the airport runway data are complete, the application model is used for carrying out clearance assessment, and the method is generally suitable for preliminary design stage of airport construction and airport clearance management and inspection after airport construction and use.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. An airport clearance three-dimensional modeling method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, according to the existing airport clearance regulations, providing an ideal airport clearance model and an application model concept aiming at the change of slope characteristics of a lifting belt to the limit surface range of an airport clearance zone barrier and the influence on airport clearance assessment work;
in step S1, when the clearance limiting surface takes the runway center point as the symmetry center and is highly symmetrically distributed on both sides of the two ends of the lifting belt in the airport clearance area plane, the clearance limiting surface is called an ideal clearance model, and is called an ideal model for short; when the change of the longitudinal slope of the runway is considered, the range of the clearance limiting surface is symmetrical only about the two sides of the lifting belt, and the two ends of the lifting belt are symmetrical and similar, so that the airport clearance model is called an application airport clearance model, namely an application model; the ideal model is suitable for the feasibility research stage in airport site selection, and at this time, the slope data of the airport runway is not or is not complete; the application model is suitable for the planning and design stage of the airport or after the airport is built and put into operation, the runway slope data are complete; when the runway has no gradient change, the application model is a rational model, so the ideal model is a special case of the application model;
s2, considering the airport clearance area as an integrated three-dimensional space formed by clearance three-dimensional blocks, and establishing a general model for solving the clearance three-dimensional blocks;
in step S2, for the general model of the clearance three-dimensional block calculation, firstly, for airport clearance regulations of different grades, dividing an airport clearance three-dimensional space according to the composition of the obstacle limiting surface of an airport clearance area, and establishing a space rectangular coordinate system O-XYZ with a runway center point as a coordinate origin (0, 0) surrounded by a top surface and a bottom surface; secondly, since the airport clearance zone obstacle limiting surface consists of a plane and a curved surface of a space, a general space plane equation and a conical surface equation are listed according to the coordinates of the control points, and the range of the top surface is controlled; finally, vertically projecting a space plane equation and a conical surface equation to an XOY plane, listing a general plane linear equation and a general curve equation according to control point coordinates, and controlling the bottom surface range by applying a linear programming theory;
s3, analyzing and determining slope control point coordinates in the lifting belt and intersection point coordinates of transition surfaces on two sides of the lifting belt and an inner water plane based on an application model;
in step S3, the X-coordinate and Z-coordinate of the slope control point in the lifting band are respectively:
Wherein, assume that the midpoint of the left end of the runway is taken as the starting point of the slope, (x) 10 ,y 10 ,z 10 ) Is the middle point of the left end of the lifting beltCoordinates; l is the runway length; h is a 0 The middle point elevation of the left end of the lifting belt; h is a z Is the elevation of the central point of the runway; j is the serial number of the longitudinal slope section of the lifting belt; l (L) j Sum mu j The length and the gradient of the jth section of longitudinal slope are respectively; (x) 1j ,y 1j ,z 1j ) Slope control point coordinates along the center line of the runway for the jth lifting belt; m is the number of longitudinal slope sections of the runway;
the coordinates of the intersection point of the transition surface and the inner water surface are as follows:
In (x) 6j ,y 6j ,z 6j ) The coordinate of the intersection point of the transition surface corresponding to the jth longitudinal slope and the inner water plane; h is a 1 The middle point elevation of the left end of the runway; h is a m+1 The right midpoint elevation of the runway;
s4, based on a general model of clearance three-dimensional block calculation, constructing an airport clearance three-dimensional block calculation model with distinct structural layers for a lifting belt, an end clearance zone and a side clearance zone which form an airport clearance zone.
2. The airport clearance three-dimensional modeling method of claim 1, wherein in step S4, for the application model, when applied to a secondary military airport clearance specification, the application model is performed in a first segment S of an end clearance zone 2 Beginning Gao Chengying is elevation z of the lift belt end 1(m+2) Similarly, S 3 Is z 1(m+2) +20，S 4 Is a horizontal plane with the elevation z 1(m+2) +180，S 5 The end elevation of (2) is z 1(m+2) +380; at the same time when S 15 Elevation and S 5 V when the end point elevation is equal 11 Is a triangular solid block; when S is 15 Elevation and S 5 V when the end point elevation of (a) is not equal 11 Is a quadrangle solid block.
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