CN112414305A - Container ship guide rail frame measuring method and system - Google Patents
Container ship guide rail frame measuring method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112414305A CN112414305A CN202011348938.4A CN202011348938A CN112414305A CN 112414305 A CN112414305 A CN 112414305A CN 202011348938 A CN202011348938 A CN 202011348938A CN 112414305 A CN112414305 A CN 112414305A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004441 surface measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for measuring a container ship guide rail frame, which comprise the following steps: arranging a plurality of stations in the cargo hold of the container ship, and scanning the guide rail frame in the cargo hold by using the same scanner; processing the measurement data obtained by the scanner to form complete point cloud data of the whole cabin guide rail bracket; establishing a position corresponding relation between a complete point cloud space and a ship body space, and completing the transformation from a space rectangular coordinate system in the point cloud to a ship body coordinate system; and acquiring the measured data of longitudinal and transverse spacing and diagonal scanning of the guide rail bracket based on the ship body coordinate system, and generating an accuracy report sheet of the guide rail bracket. According to the method and the system for measuring the container ship guide rail frame, the surface measurement technology is utilized to enable the measured data to be more comprehensive, the data are extracted and analyzed through the simulation test box software, the measured data accuracy is higher, the number of measuring personnel and the working pressure can be reduced through non-contact measurement, and the working efficiency is greatly improved by generating the accuracy report sheet through automatic programming processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cabin measurement, in particular to a method and a system for measuring a container ship guide rail frame.
Background
The three-dimensional scanning technology is a new measuring machine analysis technology which is started in recent years, the measuring and analyzing technology based on point cloud data solves the problem of surface measurement, and the defects of insufficient data base caused by point measurement of the traditional total station are fundamentally improved, so that the precision state of a target object cannot be comprehensively analyzed. At present, the three-dimensional scanning technology is successfully applied to the fields of archaeology, tunnel construction and the like, but the three-dimensional scanning technology is not related to the field of ship construction.
The ultra-large container ship is one of domestic main ship-digging types, and a loading system of the ultra-large container ship is a key construction project and is a decisive factor for restricting the construction period of a cargo hold of the container ship. The container loading system relates to the point measurement method which mainly uses a total station instrument, has great limitation on the data acquisition and analysis of the container cargo hold forming, has long measurement time and great safety risk of measuring personnel, and can not comprehensively and accurately reflect the data relation of cargo hold guide rails, bottom cones and the like by simulating and testing the container through the total station instrument due to the insufficient cardinal number of data and the restriction of the analysis method, and subsequently needs the verification of the container entity test box, so the point cloud data upgrading is realized by the application of the modern three-dimensional measurement analysis technology, and the traditional total station instrument point measurement technology is reformed.
And a final guide rail bracket precision report sheet is generated through the analysis of the simulation test box software and the VBA small program data processing, so that the whole scanning measurement analysis process is closed-loop, and the working efficiency is obviously improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and a system for measuring a rail frame of a container ship, which are used to solve the problems of long measuring time and large danger coefficient of measuring personnel in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a method for measuring a rail frame of a container ship, comprising arranging a plurality of stations in a cargo hold of the container ship, and scanning the rail frame in the cargo hold by using the same scanner; processing the measurement data obtained by the scanner to form complete point cloud data of the whole cabin guide rail bracket; establishing a position corresponding relation between a complete point cloud space and a ship body space, and completing the transformation from a space rectangular coordinate system in the point cloud to a ship body coordinate system; and acquiring the measured data of longitudinal and transverse spacing and diagonal scanning of the guide rail bracket based on the ship body coordinate system, and generating an accuracy report sheet of the guide rail bracket.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of scanners are disposed in a cargo hold of the container ship, and specifically includes: and (3) station arrangement is carried out on the cargo hold ground, N station positions are uniformly arranged by taking the center line of the ship body as a reference, and N is a positive integer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the processing the measurement data obtained by the scanner specifically includes: and denoising and splicing the measurement data.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the scanner is a three-dimensional laser scanner, and the method further includes: when the three-dimensional laser scanner is arranged, the unidirectional leveling is adjusted to be within 0.001 degrees, and the unidirectional leveling is continuously repeated after the three-dimensional laser scanner automatically rotates 180 degrees.
In an embodiment of the present invention, establishing a position corresponding relationship between an entire point cloud space and a ship hull space specifically includes:
picking up a panel of which the guide rail bracket is parallel to the diaphragm cabin wall plate on the port and the starboard of the bow end surface in the point cloud space as the direction reference of the transverse shaft in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space;
picking up the direction of one guide rail frame panel perpendicular to the transverse axis direction panel at the center line of the ship body as a longitudinal axis direction reference in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space;
since the ship is built in a dry dock in a horizontal state, the reverse direction of the gravity acceleration is picked up and used as a vertical axis direction reference in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space.
In an embodiment of the present invention, generating the accuracy report of the guide rail frame specifically includes: and putting the measured longitudinal and transverse spacing and diagonal scanning measured data of the guide rail bracket into an EXCEL table, and generating spacing and same-plane data of the guide rail bracket of the whole cabin through VBA programming processing to form an accuracy report sheet of the guide rail bracket.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the accuracy report sheet includes the head end coplanarity, the stern end coplanarity, the longitudinal rail spacing, the transverse rail spacing, the longitudinal rail effective spacing, the transverse rail effective spacing, and the rail head-to-stern semiwidth coplanarity.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a rail frame measuring system for a container ship, comprising: a three-dimensional laser scanner and a data processing device; the three-dimensional laser scanner is used for scanning the guide rail frame of the cargo hold to obtain measurement data; the data processing equipment is used for processing the measurement data obtained by each scanner to form complete point cloud data of the whole cabin guide rail bracket; establishing a position corresponding relation between a complete point cloud space and a ship body space, and completing the transformation from a space rectangular coordinate system in the point cloud to a ship body coordinate system; and acquiring the measured data of longitudinal and transverse spacing and diagonal scanning of the guide rail bracket based on the ship body coordinate system, and generating an accuracy report sheet of the guide rail bracket.
In an embodiment of the invention, the three-dimensional laser scanner is disposed at each station of the cargo space ground, wherein the stations are N stations uniformly disposed with reference to a center line of a ship hull, and N is a positive integer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the data processing device is configured to establish a position corresponding relationship between a complete point cloud space and a ship hull space, and specifically includes:
picking up a panel of which the guide rail bracket is parallel to the diaphragm cabin wall plate on the port and the starboard of the bow end surface in the point cloud space as the direction reference of the transverse shaft in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space;
picking up the direction of one guide rail frame panel perpendicular to the transverse axis direction panel at the center line of the ship body as a longitudinal axis direction reference in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space;
since the ship is built in a dry dock in a horizontal state, the reverse direction of the gravity acceleration is picked up and used as a vertical axis direction reference in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space.
As described above, the method and the system for measuring the container ship guide rail frame have the advantages that the surface measurement technology is adopted to enable the measured data to be more comprehensive, the non-contact measurement technology is used to reduce the number of measuring personnel and the measuring working pressure, the method and the system have the characteristics of non-contact property, high measuring speed, multiple measuring points and high measuring precision, and meanwhile, the precision report sheet is automatically processed and generated by programming, so that the working efficiency is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for measuring a rail frame of a container ship according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a station arrangement position of a container ship guide rail bracket measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a scanning data point cloud in an embodiment of a container ship guideway support measurement method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing data analysis of a rail frame of a container ship according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an accuracy report sheet of a container ship guideway frame measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a single-tank-level simulation test tank of a rail rack measurement system for a container ship according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a panoramic scanning view of the cargo space of the container ship in one embodiment of the container ship guideway frame measuring system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the components related to the present invention are only shown in the drawings rather than drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for measuring a rail frame of a container ship according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s11, arranging a plurality of stations in the cargo hold of the container ship, and scanning the guide rail frame in the cargo hold by using the same scanner;
specifically, the scanner is a three-dimensional laser scanner, the three-dimensional laser scanner is arranged in the cargo hold of the container ship to arrange stations on the ground of the cargo hold, N stations are uniformly arranged on the basis of the center line of the ship body, and N is a positive integer.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, six stations are uniformly distributed on the ground center line as a reference, data collection of the whole ship is completed through single station measurement work of the six stations, the station distribution scheme is that the ship cabin is arranged in a manner of being equally divided in the fore-and-aft direction, a semi-width port and starboard CQ platform is the station which needs to be set, and the rest stations are arranged in a manner of being equally divided in the semi-width direction, wherein the container has a standard box height, and the CQ platform is a platform which is higher than the bottom plate in the ship body by one standard box height.
S12, processing the measurement data obtained by the scanner to form complete point cloud data of the whole cabin guide rail bracket;
specifically, the processing of the measurement data obtained by the scanner specifically includes: and denoising and splicing the measured data, wherein the splicing of two adjacent stations is realized by adding a vertical axis direction to two characteristic points between the two stations, further, points which exist in the two stations are required to be found for splicing between the two adjacent stations and are called as the same characteristic points, the manual splicing of point cloud can be realized by adding a fixed height direction (namely the vertical axis direction) to the two same points, preferably, the manual splicing error is ensured to be within 2mm, the high-precision complete point cloud data is calculated by a beam adjustment method after the manual splicing, and the final effect is as shown in fig. 3.
S13, establishing a position corresponding relation between a complete point cloud space and a ship space, and completing the conversion from a space rectangular coordinate system in the point cloud to a ship coordinate system;
specifically, the method for establishing the position corresponding relation between the complete point cloud space and the ship body space comprises the following specific steps: picking up one horizontal direction panel of the guide rail bracket on the port and the starboard of the bow end surface in the point cloud space as a cross shaft direction reference in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space; picking up the direction of one guide rail frame panel perpendicular to the transverse axis direction panel at the center line of the ship body as a longitudinal axis direction reference in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space; as the ship is built in a dry dock in a horizontal state, the reverse direction of the gravity acceleration is picked up to be used as the vertical axis direction reference in the rectangular coordinate system of the ship space, so that the conversion from the rectangular coordinate system of the space to the ship body coordinate system in the point cloud data is completed, and the subsequent analysis data is in the whole ship body coordinate system.
And S14, acquiring the measured data of longitudinal and transverse spacing and diagonal scanning of the guide rail bracket based on the hull coordinate system, and generating an accuracy report sheet of the guide rail bracket.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the point cloud data of the guide rail frame is captured, four reference points are captured in the equal height directions of the upper opening connecting plate and the lower opening connecting plate of the guide rail frame through the surface capture measuring points, the height direction of the four reference points is equally divided, the coordinates of actual measuring points in the three directions of the horizontal axis, the vertical axis and the vertical axis in the hull coordinate system are extracted, and thus the longitudinal distance, the transverse distance and the diagonal line data of the guide rail frame are generated, wherein the point cloud data consists of a plurality of points in one plane, the position of the plane area is selected through the actual measuring data of the area which is to be captured through the implementation surface capture measuring points, and the average value of all the points in the area is calculated to obtain the coordinates of the four reference points.
Further, the generating of the accuracy report of the rail stand single step includes: and putting the measured longitudinal and transverse intervals and diagonal scanning measured data of the guide rail frame into an EXCEL table, and generating the interval and coplanarity data of the guide rail frame of the whole cabin through VBA programming processing to form an accuracy report sheet of the guide rail frame, wherein the accuracy report sheet preferably comprises the head end coplanarity, the stern end coplanarity, the longitudinal guide rail interval, the transverse guide rail interval, the effective longitudinal guide rail interval, the effective transverse guide rail interval and the half-width coplanarity of the guide rail frame in the fore-and-aft direction, as shown in FIG. 5.
In an embodiment, further, the method further comprises: when the three-dimensional laser scanner is arranged, the unidirectional leveling is adjusted to be within 0.001 degrees, and the unidirectional leveling is continuously repeated after the three-dimensional laser scanner automatically rotates 180 degrees.
Specifically, parameters of the three-dimensional laser scanner need to be adjusted before the three-dimensional laser scanner works, in order to keep the accuracy of measurement, firstly, the levelness is adjusted, the bidirectional level is adjusted to be within 0.001 degrees, relevant scanning parameters are set after the leveling, the definition is adjusted to be at a Super high level, the quality is adjusted to be at a Normal level, and then the scanning measurement work is started.
In addition, the invention also provides a container ship guide rail frame measuring system, which comprises a three-dimensional laser scanner and data processing equipment; the three-dimensional laser scanner is used for scanning the guide rail frame of the cargo hold to obtain measurement data; the data processing equipment is used for processing the measurement data obtained by each scanner to form complete point cloud data of the whole-bin guide rail bracket; establishing a position corresponding relation between a complete point cloud space and a ship body space, and completing the transformation from a space rectangular coordinate system in the point cloud to a ship body coordinate system; and acquiring the measured data of longitudinal and transverse spacing and diagonal scanning of the guide rail bracket based on the ship body coordinate system, and generating an accuracy report sheet of the guide rail bracket.
Specifically, the cargo hold ground of container ship is provided with a plurality of stations of setting up, is used for placing respectively three-dimensional laser scanner, data processing equipment includes JRC3D Reconstructor concatenation software, simulation test box software and VBA programming, JRC3D Reconstructor concatenation software is used for removing noise to each measured data and handles to splice, and guarantee that manual concatenation error guarantees within 2mm, then pass through JRC3D Reconstructor concatenation software's beam adjustment method calculates and forms the high accuracy complete point cloud data.
Further, the complete point cloud data is imported into the simulation test box software, and a panel, parallel to a diaphragm cabin wall plate, of each guide rail frame on the port and the starboard of the bow end face in the point cloud space is picked up to be used as a cross shaft direction reference in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship space; picking up the direction of one guide rail frame panel perpendicular to the transverse axis direction panel at the center line of the ship body as a longitudinal axis direction reference in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space; the ship is built in a dry dock in a horizontal state, and the reverse direction of the gravity acceleration is picked up to be used as the vertical axis direction reference in the rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space, so that the conversion from the rectangular coordinate system of the space to the ship body coordinate system in the point cloud data is completed; as shown in fig. 6, the simulation test box software is a data analysis program, the cargo hold has a plurality of box positions, but the simulation test box needs to pass a box position-to-box position test to obtain point cloud data of a single-box position guide rail frame, so as to generate measured longitudinal and transverse spacing and diagonal line scanning data of the guide rail frame, introduce the measured longitudinal and transverse spacing and diagonal line scanning data of the guide rail frame into an EXCEL table, and generate the measured spacing and same-plane data of the guide rail frame of the whole cargo hold through VBA programming process to form an accuracy report of the guide rail frame.
In summary, as shown in fig. 7, after data of a plurality of measurement surfaces of all the guide rail frames in the cargo compartment are effectively collected, the point clouds are spliced into complete guide rail frame point clouds, the point cloud data of the guide rail frames are analyzed in the simulation test box software to obtain related actual measurement data, finally, actual measurement points of the whole compartment in the simulation test box software are imported into an EXCEL table, and VBA programming processing is performed to generate data of the space and the coplanarity of the guide rail frames of the whole compartment, so that a final guide rail frame precision report can be formed. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A container ship guide rail frame measuring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
arranging a plurality of stations in the cargo hold of the container ship, and scanning the guide rail frame in the cargo hold by using the same scanner;
processing the measurement data obtained by the scanner to form complete point cloud data of the whole cabin guide rail bracket;
establishing a position corresponding relation between a complete point cloud space and a ship body space, and completing the transformation from a space rectangular coordinate system in the point cloud to a ship body coordinate system;
and acquiring the measured data of longitudinal and transverse spacing and diagonal scanning of the guide rail bracket based on the ship body coordinate system, and generating an accuracy report sheet of the guide rail bracket.
2. The container ship guideway frame measurement method of claim 1, wherein a plurality of stations are arranged in the cargo hold of the container ship, specifically comprising: and (3) station arrangement is carried out on the cargo hold ground, N station positions are uniformly arranged by taking the center line of the ship body as a reference, and N is a positive integer.
3. The method for measuring the container ship guide rail bracket according to claim 1, wherein the processing of the measurement data obtained by the scanner specifically comprises: and denoising and splicing the measurement data.
4. A container ship guide rail frame measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the scanner is a three-dimensional laser scanner, the method further comprising: when the three-dimensional laser scanner is arranged, the unidirectional leveling is adjusted to be within 0.001 degrees, and the unidirectional leveling is continuously repeated after the three-dimensional laser scanner automatically rotates 180 degrees.
5. The method for measuring the container ship guide rail bracket according to claim 1, wherein the establishing of the position corresponding relation between the complete point cloud space and the ship body space specifically comprises the following steps:
picking up a panel of which the guide rail bracket is parallel to the diaphragm cabin wall plate on the port and the starboard of the bow end surface in the point cloud space as the direction reference of the transverse shaft in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space;
picking up the direction of one guide rail frame panel perpendicular to the transverse axis direction panel at the center line of the ship body as a longitudinal axis direction reference in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space;
since the ship is built in a dry dock in a horizontal state, the reverse direction of the gravity acceleration is picked up and used as a vertical axis direction reference in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space.
6. The method for measuring the container ship guide rail bracket according to claim 1, wherein the generating of the accuracy report sheet of the guide rail bracket specifically comprises: and putting the measured longitudinal and transverse spacing and diagonal scanning measured data of the guide rail bracket into an EXCEL table, and generating spacing and same-plane data of the guide rail bracket of the whole cabin through VBA programming processing to form an accuracy report sheet of the guide rail bracket.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the accuracy report sheet includes the head end coplanarity, the stern end coplanarity, the longitudinal rail spacing, the transverse rail spacing, the effective longitudinal rail spacing, the effective transverse rail spacing, and the rail head-to-tail half width coplanarity of the rail frame.
8. A container ship guideway frame measurement system, comprising: a three-dimensional laser scanner and a data processing device; wherein,
the three-dimensional laser scanner is used for scanning the guide rail frame of the cargo hold to obtain measurement data;
the data processing equipment is used for processing the measurement data obtained by each scanner to form complete point cloud data of the whole cabin guide rail bracket; establishing a position corresponding relation between a complete point cloud space and a ship body space, and completing the transformation from a space rectangular coordinate system in the point cloud to a ship body coordinate system; and acquiring the measured data of longitudinal and transverse spacing and diagonal scanning of the guide rail bracket based on the ship body coordinate system, and generating an accuracy report sheet of the guide rail bracket.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the three-dimensional laser scanner is installed at each station of the cargo space ground, wherein the stations are N stations uniformly installed with reference to the center line of the hull, and N is a positive integer.
10. The system according to claim 8, wherein the data processing device is configured to establish a position correspondence between a complete point cloud space and a hull space, and specifically comprises:
picking up a panel of which the guide rail bracket is parallel to the diaphragm cabin wall plate on the port and the starboard of the bow end surface in the point cloud space as the direction reference of the transverse shaft in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space;
picking up the direction of one guide rail frame panel perpendicular to the transverse axis direction panel at the center line of the ship body as a longitudinal axis direction reference in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space;
since the ship is built in a dry dock in a horizontal state, the reverse direction of the gravity acceleration is picked up and used as a vertical axis direction reference in a rectangular coordinate system of the ship body space.
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| CN113978655A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-01-28 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Device for total assembly positioning and cabin capacity detection of container ship guide rail |
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| CN114485438A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-05-13 | 博迈科海洋工程股份有限公司 | Method for measuring distance between round stand columns of large module steel structure |
| CN114735155A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-07-12 | 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 | Installation method of corner guide rail of container ship |
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