CN112414192B - Variable heat source step phase change energy storage regulation and control device - Google Patents
Variable heat source step phase change energy storage regulation and control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112414192B CN112414192B CN202011362381.XA CN202011362381A CN112414192B CN 112414192 B CN112414192 B CN 112414192B CN 202011362381 A CN202011362381 A CN 202011362381A CN 112414192 B CN112414192 B CN 112414192B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a variable heat source step phase change energy storage regulation and control device, which comprises: the system comprises a plurality of system heat sources, a plurality of system cold sources, a plurality of valves, a plurality of water tanks and a plurality of energy storage units, wherein at least one valve is arranged at an outlet of the system heat source, at least one valve is arranged at an outlet of the system cold source, the water tanks comprise at least one valve on the heat source side of the system and at least one valve on the cold source side of the system, and the energy storage units comprise at least one valve on an inlet, at least two valves on the outlet, a heat taking flow channel and a multilayer phase-change material placing space; the system heat source, the system cold source, the water tank and the energy storage unit are connected through the valve and the pipeline, and the valve is connected with the pipeline through threads.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy storage equipment, in particular to a variable heat source step phase change energy storage regulation and control device.
Background
The problem of energy crisis is prominent day by day, and the burning of traditional fossil fuel brings great pollution to the environment, and these circumstances impel researchers to constantly develop new renewable energy sources for replacing traditional energy sources, reducing the destruction to the environment, and expanding the source of energy sources. However, with the rapid development of economy, the living standard of people is continuously improved, and the problem of mismatching of energy demand and supply in time and space is also followed. The energy storage unit is one of key technologies for solving the problem of energy imbalance, and compared with a sensible heat energy storage unit, the latent heat energy storage unit is provided with a phase change material, so that the latent heat energy storage unit has relatively high energy density and stability, and the heat storage performance is about 5-14 times that of the sensible heat energy storage unit. However, the phase-change material has low thermal conductivity, and the heat storage rate and the heat release rate of the latent heat storage unit are not high. In order to solve the problem of low thermal conductivity, various proposals have been made, such as: adding fins, adding metal foam, adding nano-particles with high heat conductivity coefficient, packaging of phase-change materials, a step heat storage system and the like.
The cascade heat storage system has the advantages that various materials with different phase-change temperatures are used, heat at different temperatures can be stored in a grading mode, the temperature of fluid at the outlet of the energy storage unit is reduced, and the overall heat storage performance of the energy storage unit is improved. Research shows that the heat storage performance of the three-stage phase-change heat storage system is about 40% higher than that of a single-stage phase-change heat storage system. However, in practical applications, when the temperature at the inlet of the energy storage unit changes and is in an unsteady state and temperature change process, the step heat storage system has the following two problems: (1) the heat carried by the fluid with a relatively low inlet temperature cannot be efficiently stored; (2) the heat exchange capacity of the step heat storage system is lost to a certain extent. Therefore, how to solve the problem of energy storage under the condition that the temperature at the inlet of the energy storage unit is in an unsteady state is to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to solve the energy storage of the inlet temperature of an energy storage unit under the unstable state condition and provide a variable heat source step phase change energy storage regulation and control device.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a variable heat source step phase change energy storage regulation and control device, the energy storage regulation and control device comprises:
the system comprises a plurality of system heat sources, a plurality of system cold sources, a plurality of valves, a plurality of water tanks and a plurality of energy storage units, wherein at least one valve is arranged at an outlet of the system heat source, at least one valve is arranged at an outlet of the system cold source, the water tanks comprise at least one valve on the heat source side of the system and at least one valve on the cold source side of the system, and the energy storage units comprise at least one valve on an inlet, at least two valves on the outlet, a heat taking flow channel and a multilayer phase-change material placing space; the system heat source, the system cold source, the water tank and the energy storage unit are connected through the valve and the pipeline, and the valve is connected with the pipeline through threads.
Furthermore, the system heat source provides a system for providing high-temperature fluid for the energy storage unit, the system cold source provides a system for providing low-temperature fluid for the energy storage unit, the phase-change material is arranged in the energy storage unit, and the phase-change material exchanges heat with the fluid entering the energy storage regulation and control device to release or absorb heat; the heat source of the system comprises electric heating, solar heating and industrial waste heat recovery; the cold source of the system comprises a cooling water supply; the phase change material includes paraffin.
In the heat storage process, the phase-change material is in a solid state at normal temperature; in the cold storage process, the phase-change material is in a liquid state at normal temperature.
Preferably, when energy storage starts, all inlet valves of the energy storage regulating and controlling device are in a closed state, and the flow path of the fluid is adjusted by controlling the opening degree of the valves at the inlets of the energy storage units according to energy storage requirements.
Preferably, in the energy storage process, when the system heat source and/or the system cold source are in an unstable state, the relationship between the fluid temperature at the inlet and the phase-change material temperature is judged, and the corresponding inlet valve is opened.
Preferably, during heat storage, when the temperature of the fluid is lower than the lowest phase-change temperature of all the phase-change materials, all the inlet valves are in a closed state; during cold storage, all inlet valves are in a closed state when the fluid temperature is above the highest phase transition temperature of all the phase change materials.
Preferably, in the heat storage process, when the fluid temperature at the inlet of the energy storage unit is lower than the fluid temperature at the outlet of the energy storage unit, the inlet and outlet valves of the energy storage unit are closed.
Further, the number of the energy storage units is greater than or equal to 2.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined randomly to obtain the preferred embodiments of the invention.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows: the purposes of heat storage, heat release, cold storage and cold release can be achieved by adjusting the valve opening and the type of the phase-change material; the opening of the inlet valve is adjusted according to the relation between the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material and the fluid temperature at the inlet of the energy storage unit, so that the aims of efficiently and hierarchically storing heat energy and cold energy are fulfilled, and the loss of the heat storage quantity and the cold storage quantity is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a heat storage device in an embodiment of a variable heat source step phase change energy storage regulation device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cooling device in an embodiment of a variable heat source step phase change energy storage regulation device of the invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1: fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a system heat source 301, a system cold source 302, a system heat source outlet valve 303, a tank system heat source side valve 304, a tank 305, a tank system cold source side valve 306, a system cold source outlet valve 307, a first energy storage unit inlet valve 308, a second energy storage unit inlet valve 309, a third energy storage unit inlet valve 310, a first energy storage unit 311, a first energy storage unit outlet valve 312, a second energy storage unit 313, a second energy storage unit outlet valve 314, a third energy storage unit 315, a third energy storage unit outlet valve 316, another outlet valve 317 of the first energy storage unit, another outlet valve 318 of the second energy storage unit, and another outlet valve 319 of the third energy storage unit are shown. The phase-change materials in the energy storage units comprise paraffin heat storage materials, and the phase-change materials placed in the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit and the third energy storage unit have different phase-change temperatures and exchange heat with heat exchange fluid entering the energy storage units, so that the purposes of heat storage or heat release are achieved. In order to smoothly perform the step heat storage, the phase change temperatures of the phase change materials in the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit and the third energy storage unit are respectively 150 ℃, 100 ℃ and 50 ℃ from high to low. The initial temperature of the phase change material was 30 ℃. The temperature fluctuation range of the system heat source is 30-200 ℃. The temperature of the cold source of the system is 20 ℃.
When the heat storage process is carried out, a system heat source outlet valve 303 is opened, a water tank system cold source side valve 306 is opened, a first energy storage unit outlet valve 312 is opened, a second energy storage unit outlet valve 314 is opened, a third energy storage unit outlet valve 316 is opened, a water tank system heat source side valve 304 is closed, a system cold source outlet valve 307 is closed, a first energy storage unit inlet valve 308 is closed, a second energy storage unit inlet valve 309 is closed, a third energy storage unit inlet valve 310 is closed, another first energy storage unit outlet valve 317 is closed, another second energy storage unit outlet valve 318 is closed, another third energy storage unit outlet valve 319 is closed, and all inlet valves are closed when the temperature of fluid is gradually increased from 30 ℃ to 50 ℃. When the temperature of the fluid is increased gradually from 50 c to 100 c, the third energy storage unit inlet valve 310 is opened and the fluid stores heat in the third energy storage unit. When the fluid temperature is gradually increased from 100 ℃ to 150 ℃, the third energy storage unit inlet valve 310 is closed, the second energy storage unit inlet valve 309 is opened, and the fluid stores heat in the second energy storage unit. When the temperature of the fluid is gradually increased from 150 ℃ to 200 ℃, the second energy storage unit inlet valve 309 is closed, the first energy storage unit inlet valve 308 is opened, and the fluid stores heat in the first energy storage unit; when the temperature of the fluid is gradually reduced from 200 ℃ to 150 ℃, the existing state of the valve is kept, and the fluid stores heat in the first energy storage unit. When the temperature of the fluid is gradually reduced from 150 ℃ to 100 ℃, the first energy storage unit inlet valve 308 is closed, the second energy storage unit inlet valve 309 is opened, and the fluid stores heat in the second energy storage unit. When the fluid temperature is gradually decreased from 100 ℃ to 50 ℃, the second energy storage unit inlet valve 309 is closed, the third energy storage unit inlet valve 310 is opened, and the fluid stores heat in the third energy storage unit. All inlet valves were closed when the fluid temperature was gradually decreased from 50 ℃ to 30 ℃. The fluid after heat exchange is stored in the water tank.
When the heat releasing process is carried out, a heat source side valve 304 of the water tank system is opened, a cold source outlet valve 307 of the system is opened, an inlet valve 308 of the first energy storage unit is opened, an outlet valve 312 of the first energy storage unit is opened, an outlet valve 314 of the second energy storage unit is opened, an outlet valve 316 of the third energy storage unit is opened, a heat source outlet valve 303 of the system is closed, a cold source side valve 306 of the water tank system is closed, an inlet valve 309 of the second energy storage unit is closed, an inlet valve 310 of the third energy storage unit is closed, another outlet valve 317 of the first energy storage unit is closed, another outlet valve 318 of the second energy storage unit is closed, another outlet valve 319 of the third energy storage unit is closed, fluid is sequentially heated from the third energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit and the first energy storage unit, the temperature of the fluid is gradually increased and is finally stored in the water tank until the temperature of the fluid is not changed, and the heat releasing process is finished.
Example 2: fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cold storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a system heat source 401, a system cold source 402, a system heat source outlet valve 403, a tank system heat source side valve 404, a tank 405, a tank system cold source side valve 406, a system cold source outlet valve 407, a first energy storage unit outlet valve 408, a second energy storage unit outlet valve 409, a third energy storage unit outlet valve 410, a first energy storage unit 411, a first energy storage unit inlet valve 412, a second energy storage unit 413, a second energy storage unit inlet valve 414, a third energy storage unit 415, a third energy storage unit inlet valve 416, a first energy storage unit further inlet valve 417, a second energy storage unit further inlet valve 418, and a third energy storage unit inlet valve 419. In order to smoothly perform the step cold storage, the phase change temperatures of the phase change materials in the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit and the third energy storage unit are arranged from high to low, and all the phase change materials are in a liquid state at normal temperature. The phase change temperatures of the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit and the third energy storage unit are respectively 15 ℃, 10 ℃ and 5 ℃. The initial temperature of the phase change material was 20 ℃. The temperature fluctuation range of the system heat source is 1-20 ℃. The temperature of the cold source of the system is 20 ℃.
When the cold storage process is performed, a heat source side valve 404 of the water tank system is opened, a cold source outlet valve 407 of the system is opened, a first energy storage unit outlet valve 408 is opened, a first energy storage unit inlet valve 412 is opened, a second energy storage unit inlet valve 414 is opened, a system heat source outlet valve 403 is closed, a water tank system cold source side valve 406 is closed, a second energy storage unit outlet valve 409 is closed, a third energy storage unit outlet valve 410 is closed, a third energy storage unit inlet valve 416 is closed, another inlet valve 417 of the first energy storage unit is closed, another inlet valve 418 of the second energy storage unit is closed, a third energy storage unit inlet valve 419 is closed, and when the fluid temperature is gradually reduced from 20 ℃ to 15 ℃, all the inlet valves are closed. When the temperature of the fluid is gradually reduced from 15 ℃ to 10 ℃, the other inlet valve 417 of the first energy storage unit is opened, and the fluid stores cold energy in the first energy storage unit. When the temperature of the fluid is gradually reduced from 10 ℃ to 5 ℃, the other inlet valve 417 of the first energy storage unit is closed, the other inlet valve 418 of the second energy storage unit is opened, and the fluid stores cold energy in the second energy storage unit. When the temperature of the fluid is gradually reduced from 5 ℃ to 1 ℃, the other inlet valve 418 of the second energy storage unit is closed, the inlet valve 419 of the third energy storage unit is opened, and the fluid stores cold energy in the third energy storage unit; when the temperature of the fluid is gradually increased from 1 ℃ to 5 ℃, the existing state of the valve is kept, and the fluid stores cold energy in the third energy storage unit. When the temperature of the fluid is gradually increased from 5 ℃ to 10 ℃, the third energy storage unit inlet valve 419 is closed, the other inlet valve 418 of the second energy storage unit is opened, and the fluid stores cold energy in the second energy storage unit. When the temperature of the fluid is gradually increased from 10 ℃ to 15 ℃, the other inlet valve 418 of the second energy storage unit is closed, the other inlet valve 417 of the first energy storage unit is opened, and the fluid stores cold energy in the first energy storage unit. All inlet valves were closed when the fluid temperature was increased stepwise from 15 ℃ to 20 ℃. The fluid after heat exchange is stored in the water tank.
During the cooling process, the system heat source outlet valve 403 is opened, the water tank system cold source side valve 406 is opened, the first energy storage unit outlet valve 408 is opened, the first energy storage unit inlet valve 412 is opened, the second energy storage unit inlet valve 414 is opened, the third energy storage unit inlet valve 416 is opened, the water tank system heat source side valve 404 is closed, the system cold source outlet valve 407 is closed, the second energy storage unit outlet valve 409 is closed, the third energy storage unit outlet valve 410 is closed, the other inlet valve 417 of the first energy storage unit is closed, the other inlet valve 418 of the second energy storage unit is closed, the third energy storage unit inlet valve 419 is closed, fluid is sequentially cooled from the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit and the third energy storage unit, the temperature of the fluid is gradually reduced, and the fluid is finally stored in the water tank until the temperature of the fluid does not change, and the cooling process is ended.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The variable heat source step phase change energy storage regulation and control device is characterized by comprising:
the system comprises a plurality of system heat sources, a plurality of system cold sources, a plurality of valves, a plurality of water tanks and a plurality of energy storage units, wherein at least one valve is arranged at an outlet of the system heat source, at least one valve is arranged at an outlet of the system cold source, the water tanks comprise at least one valve on the heat source side of the system and at least one valve on the cold source side of the system, and the energy storage units comprise at least one valve on an inlet, at least two valves on the outlet, a heat taking flow channel and a multilayer phase-change material placing space; the system heat source, the system cold source, the water tank and the energy storage unit are connected through the valve and a pipeline, and the valve is connected with the pipeline through threads;
the system heat source provides high-temperature fluid for the energy storage unit, the system cold source provides low-temperature fluid for the energy storage unit, the phase-change material is arranged in the energy storage unit, and the phase-change material exchanges heat with the fluid entering the energy storage regulation and control device to release or absorb heat; the system heat source comprises electric heating, solar heating and industrial waste heat recovery; the cold source of the system comprises a cooling water supply; the phase change material comprises paraffin;
when energy storage starts, all inlet valves of the energy storage regulating and controlling device are in a closed state, and the flowing route of the fluid is adjusted by controlling the opening degree of the inlet valves of the energy storage unit according to the energy storage requirement;
in the energy storage process, when the system heat source or the system cold source is in an unstable state, judging the relationship between the fluid temperature and the phase-change material temperature at an inlet, and opening a corresponding inlet valve; the unstable state comprises the temperature fluctuation range of the system heat source is 30-200 ℃;
in the heat storage process, when the temperature of the fluid is lower than the lowest phase-change temperature of all the phase-change materials, all the valves at the inlet are in a closed state; in the cold storage process, when the temperature of the fluid is higher than the highest phase-change temperature of all the phase-change materials, all the valves at the inlet are in a closed state;
in the heat storage process, when the temperature of fluid at the inlet of the energy storage unit is lower than that of fluid at the outlet of the energy storage unit, valves at the inlet and the outlet of the energy storage unit are closed.
2. The variable heat source step phase change energy storage regulation and control device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the energy storage units is greater than or equal to 2.
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| CN113028644B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-09-02 | 华北水利水电大学 | Multi-stage phase-change heat storage temperature layering water tank |
| CN117553342B (en) * | 2024-01-12 | 2024-05-03 | 四川大学 | Heating system with efficient unit operation and heating method thereof |
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| CN201297727Y (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2009-08-26 | 向旺 | Cold-storage heat-storage energy-saving synchronization system |
| CN104634151B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-08-17 | 同济大学 | The dual-purpose accumulator of the absorption cold-storage and thermal storage of distributed busbar protection |
| CN205279824U (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-06-01 | 青岛爱之渔海洋科技有限公司 | Intelligently hold exothermic equipment |
| CN106016767A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-10-12 | 上海光热实业有限公司 | Gradient solar heat energy utilization system with energy storage function and use method thereof |
| CN207797837U (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-08-31 | 北京国能中电节能环保技术股份有限公司 | Multi-level phase change heat-storing device |
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