CN112409942A

CN112409942A - Heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112409942A
Application number: CN202011303714.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 盘龚健; 侯宏兵; 唐国栋; 王龙
Original assignee: Hangzhou First Applied Material Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou First Applied Material Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-19
Filing date: 2020-11-19
Publication date: 2021-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-19
Also published as: CN112409942B

Abstract

The invention provides a heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film and a preparation method thereof. The heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film comprises matrix resin, a phase change material/heat conduction filler compound, an initiator and a cross-linking agent, wherein the phase change material/heat conduction filler compound, the initiator and the cross-linking agent are dispersed in the matrix resin. The packaging adhesive film has good heat dissipation, good packaging performance after being applied to the solar photovoltaic module, high electric conductivity and safety, high photoelectric conversion rate, good PID resistance, low cost and wide application prospect.

Description

Heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Renewable energy sources will be higher in energy ratio due to depletion of non-renewable energy sources such as petroleum used in large quantities. Photovoltaic solar energy is an important component of renewable energy, the development of the photovoltaic industry is faster and faster in the last decade, and the development direction of the photovoltaic module is mainly developed towards the characteristics of high power, high reliability, low energy consumption and low cost. In the case of using the same cell, how to obtain high power of the module through the packaging material is a key research direction of the industry, and the module power and the working temperature have an inverse linear relation, namely the peak power of the solar cell is reduced along with the increase of the temperature. The higher the power of the conventional series-type component is, the temperature is continuously increased when the component runs, meanwhile, the temperature of the component is also increased under the influence of solar illumination infrared radiation, and the high temperature of the component can accelerate the aging degradation of a high-molecular packaging material and the reduction of the output power of the component, so that the service life of the component and the power generation efficiency are improved by reducing the working temperature of the component. Research shows that the power of the component is reduced by about 0.4% when the temperature is increased by 1 ℃, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the component is effectively improved by reducing the temperature of the component.

At present, the following methods are mainly used for reducing the working temperature of the component:

1) the heat conduction coefficient of the adhesive film is improved by adding the heat conduction filler for heat dissipation. For example, chinese patent CN102664208B discloses a synergistic heat dissipation solar module and a method for manufacturing the same, which uses heat conductive and insulating fillers BN, Si₃N₄、B₄C. However, the fillers are expensive, and the heat-conducting fillers can reduce the fluidity of the adhesive film and improve the hardness of the adhesive film, so that the probability of the subfissure of the battery piece is greatly increased in the laminating and pressurizing process.

2) Infrared reflective fillers are added to reflect infrared wavelength light, and the infrared heating effect of illumination on the component is slowed down from the position where the infrared wavelength light of the source is illuminated. For example, chinese patent CN205556535U discloses an embossed EVA adhesive film using a nano infrared reflective pigment layer. However, although the effect of the illumination infrared radiation on the battery plate can be reduced to lower the temperature, the battery plate absorbs the infrared light, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the assembly is reduced.

3) Heat dissipation is performed in the form of a multi-layer structure or an air flow grid frame including a heat conductive metal plate. For example, chinese patent CN204257676U discloses a heat dissipation solar cell module, which uses a metal heat dissipation back plate, and although the metal back plate has a good heat conduction and dissipation effect, the metal back plate has a problem of electrical conduction safety, and also increases the weight of the module. There are also ways to use a heat sink system behind the module, such as an air flow grid and water cooling cycles, which require additional cost to maintain the heat sink to ensure heat dissipation from the module.

In addition, the existing solar photovoltaic module still has the PID problem. The PID (Potential Induced Degradation) effect is called Potential Induced attenuation, and is a phenomenon that ion migration occurs between the package material of the assembly and the materials on the upper and lower surfaces of the assembly under the action of high voltage between the battery piece and the grounded metal frame, so that the performance of the assembly is attenuated, and the package adhesive film resisting PID can effectively prolong the working period of the assembly. However, current packaging films have limited improvement in PID resistance.

In a word, the existing heat dissipation packaging mode of the solar photovoltaic module mostly has the aspects of incapability of considering heat dissipation, hidden crack problem of a battery piece, photoelectric conversion efficiency, electric conduction safety, PID resistance and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the heat dissipation packaging mode of a solar photovoltaic module cannot simultaneously consider the aspects of heat dissipation, hidden cracking of a battery piece, photoelectric conversion efficiency, electric conduction safety, PID (proportion integration differentiation) resistance and the like.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat dissipation type adhesive package film including a base resin and a phase change material/thermally conductive filler composite dispersed in the base resin, an initiator, and a crosslinking agent.

Further, the phase change material/heat conductive filler composite is a composite formed by chemically bonding the phase change material and the heat conductive filler, and the phase change material in the phase change material/heat conductive filler composite has a structure shown in formula I:

in the formula I, n is 0-2, m is 10-250, and R is H, methyl or ethyl.

Furthermore, in the phase-change material, n is 0-1, m is 10-250, and R is H or methyl; preferably, n is 0 and R is H; more preferably, the phase change material is selected from one or more of PEG-800, PEG-1000, PEG-2000, PEG-4000, PEG-6000, PEG-8000 and PEG-10000.

Further, the heat conducting filler is selected from one or more of zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, diatomite, kaolin, montmorillonite and halloysite; preferably, the particle size of the heat-conducting filler is 1-100 μm.

Further, the phase change material/heat conductive filler composite is a composite formed by chemically bonding the phase change material and the heat conductive filler through a first silane coupling agent.

Further, the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film comprises, by weight, 100 parts of matrix resin, 1-50 parts of a phase change material/heat conductive filler compound, 0.1-1.5 parts of an initiator and 0.5-3 parts of a cross-linking agent; preferably, the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film comprises, by weight, 100 parts of matrix resin, 10-50 parts of a phase change material/heat conductive filler compound, 0.3-1 part of an initiator and 0.5-1.2 parts of a cross-linking agent.

Further, the matrix resin is selected from EVA, POE or PVB; preferably, the initiator is selected from the group consisting of free radical thermal initiators, more preferably including one or more of isopropyl butylperoxycarbonate, 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis (t-butylperoxy) hexane, 1-bis (t-butylperoxy) -3,3, 5-trimethylcyclohexane, 2-ethylhexyl t-butylperoxycarbonate, 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexane, 1-bis (t-amylperoxy) 3,3, 5-trimethylcyclohexane, 1-bis (t-amylperoxy) cyclohexane, 1-bis (t-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, 2-bis (t-butylperoxy) butane, t-amyl peroxy 2-ethylhexylcarbonate, t-amyl peroxy carbonate; preferably, the crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of multifunctional acrylate or methacrylate crosslinkers, more preferably, tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate triacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, propoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated glycerol triacrylate, propoxylated glycerol triacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, trimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, ditrimethylolpropane tetramethacrylate, propoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, 2,4, 6-tris (2-propenyloxy) -1,3, 5-triazine, tricyclodecane dimethanol diacrylate, glycerol triacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated glycerol tetraacrylate, trimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, 2,4, 6-tris (2-propenyloxy) -1,3, 5-triazine, and (3) one or more of neopentyl glycol diacrylate acrylate and ethoxylated bisphenol A diacrylate are subjected to propylene oxide.

Further, the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film further comprises 0.1-5 parts by weight of a tackifier and 0.05-1 part by weight of an anti-aging agent; preferably, the adhesion promoter is selected from the group consisting of a second silane coupling agent, more preferably the adhesion promoter comprises one or more of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma- (2, 3-glycidoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane; preferably, the anti-ageing agent is selected from the group consisting of 2, 2' -methylene-bis- (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 1,3, 5-tris (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2, 6-dimethylbenzyl) -1,3, 5-triazine-2, 4,6- (1H,3H,5H) -trione, tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 1,3, 5-tris (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2, 6-dimethylbenzyl) -1,3, 5-triazine-2, 4,6- (1H,3H,5H) -trione, bis (2, 4-dicumylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis-1-decyloxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-ol sebacate, a polymer of succinic acid and 4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinol, a polymer of N, N' -bis (2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) -1, 6-hexanediamine and 2, 4-dichloro-6- (1,1,3, 3-tetramethylbutyl) amino-1, 3, 5-triazine, bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, methyl-1, 2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl sebacate.

Furthermore, the thickness of the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film is 0.05-1 mm.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for preparing the heat dissipation type adhesive packaging film, wherein the method comprises the following steps: mixing the components of the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film, and then sequentially extruding, embossing, cooling, drawing and rolling to form the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film.

Further, the phase change material/heat conducting filler compound is a compound formed by chemically bonding the phase change material and the heat conducting filler; prior to mixing, the method of making further comprises the step of making a phase change material/thermally conductive filler composite comprising: reacting the phase change material with a first silane coupling agent under the action of a catalyst to modify the phase change material; mixing and reacting the modified phase-change material and the heat-conducting filler to obtain a phase-change material/heat-conducting filler compound; wherein the phase change material has a structure shown in formula I:

in the formula I, n is 0-2, m is 10-250, and R is H, methyl or ethyl.

Further, the first silane coupling agent is one or more of 3- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxy silane, 3- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl triethoxy silane, 2- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyl trimethoxy silane, 2- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexane) ethyl trimethoxy silane and 3- [ (2,3) -epoxypropoxy ] propyl methyl dimethoxy silane; preferably, the catalyst is selected from organotin catalysts, more preferably including one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate, dibutyltin bis (dodecylthio) diacetate, dibutyltin diacetate.

Further, the weight ratio of the first silane coupling agent to the phase-change material is 1 (1-10), and the weight ratio of the catalyst to the phase-change material is 1 (10-200); preferably, the reaction temperature of the phase-change material and the first silane coupling agent is 70-100 ℃.

Further, the weight ratio of the modified phase-change material to the heat-conducting filler is 1 (2-20); preferably, the reaction temperature of the modified phase-change material and the heat-conducting filler is 100-110 ℃.

The invention provides a heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film which comprises matrix resin, a phase change material/heat conduction filler compound, an initiator and a cross-linking agent, wherein the phase change material/heat conduction filler compound, the initiator and the cross-linking agent are dispersed in the matrix resin. The phase transition material is a functional material capable of absorbing or releasing a large amount of heat energy through phase transition enthalpy under the condition of unchangeable temperature, and the overhigh temperature of the component can be effectively avoided by utilizing the high phase transition latent heat to absorb the heat. However, the phase-change material/heat-conducting filler composite has the defects of easy leakage and migration during phase change, and the like, and is added into the packaging adhesive film in the form of the phase-change material/heat-conducting filler composite, so that on one hand, the phase-change material is bound by the heat-conducting filler, the phase-change material only has micro fluidity during phase change, and the macro fluidity is lost, and the purposes of absorbing heat through phase change and avoiding leakage and migration of the phase-change material are achieved. On the other hand, the phase change latent heat of the phase change material is used for absorbing heat and matching with the higher heat conductivity coefficient of the heat conduction filler, and the phase change latent heat absorption material is applied to a packaging adhesive film and can realize a better heat dissipation effect.

Meanwhile, the high phase change enthalpy of the phase change material is utilized to absorb illumination infrared radiant heat in the daytime so as to avoid overhigh temperature of the assembly, and the heat stored by the phase change material is released at night, so that the rapid temperature reduction of the assembly is avoided, the problems that the packaging performance of the adhesive film is reduced due to the rapid change of the environmental temperature and the like are avoided, and the better conductive safety is also realized. Compared with the method that only the heat-conducting filler is adopted, the phase-change material/heat-conducting filler composite has lower hardness and better fluidity after being filled in an adhesive film, so that the subfissure probability of the battery piece is greatly reduced. The packaging adhesive film of the invention can also provide excellent PID resistance. Meanwhile, by utilizing the phase change material/heat-conducting filler compound, the heat-conducting filler does not need to use an excessively expensive heat-conducting filler, and even if the heat-conducting filler is used, good heat dissipation can be realized under the condition of a small addition amount, so that the phase change material/heat-conducting filler compound also has a cost advantage.

In a word, the invention effectively solves the problems that the heat dissipation packaging mode of the solar photovoltaic module in the prior art cannot simultaneously consider the heat dissipation, the hidden crack problem of the battery piece, the photoelectric conversion efficiency, the electric conduction safety, the PID resistance and the like, and the packaging adhesive film has good heat dissipation, good packaging performance after being applied to the solar photovoltaic module, high electric conduction safety, high photoelectric conversion rate, good PID resistance, low cost and wide application prospect.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a DSC enthalpy of phase change diagram of a phase change material in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows an initial EL image of a photovoltaic module using an encapsulating film of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows the EL image of a photovoltaic module employing the packaging film of example 1 of the present invention after 96 hours PID;

FIG. 4 shows an initial EL image of a photovoltaic module using the encapsulant film of comparative example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 shows an EL image of a photovoltaic module employing the encapsulant film of comparative example 1 of the present invention after 96 hours of PID.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

As described in the background art, the heat dissipation packaging method of the solar photovoltaic module in the prior art cannot simultaneously consider the aspects of heat dissipation, hidden crack of the battery piece, photoelectric conversion efficiency, electrical conduction safety, and the like.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a heat dissipation type encapsulant film, which comprises a matrix resin, and a phase change material/heat conductive filler compound, an initiator and a cross-linking agent dispersed in the matrix resin.

The phase transition material is a functional material capable of absorbing or releasing a large amount of heat energy through phase transition enthalpy under the condition of unchangeable temperature, and the overhigh temperature of the component can be effectively avoided by utilizing the high phase transition latent heat to absorb the heat. However, because the phase-change material/heat-conducting filler composite is easy to leak and migrate during phase change, the phase-change material is added into the packaging adhesive film in the form of the phase-change material/heat-conducting filler composite, so that the phase-change material is bound by the heat-conducting filler, the phase-change material only has microscopic fluidity during phase change, the macroscopic fluidity is lost (the phase-change material is only in a molten flowing state on the surface of the heat-conducting filler at the laminating temperature (about 140 ℃), and the purposes of absorbing heat during phase change and avoiding leakage and migration of the phase-change material are achieved. On the other hand, the phase change latent heat of the phase change material is used for absorbing heat and matching with the higher heat conductivity coefficient of the heat conduction filler, and the phase change latent heat absorption material is applied to a packaging adhesive film and can realize a better heat dissipation effect.

Meanwhile, the high phase change enthalpy of the phase change material is utilized to absorb illumination infrared radiant heat in the daytime so as to avoid overhigh temperature of the assembly, and the heat stored by the phase change material is released at night, so that the rapid temperature reduction of the assembly is avoided, the problems that the packaging performance of the adhesive film is reduced due to the rapid change of the environmental temperature and the like are avoided, and the better conductive safety is also realized. Compared with the method that only the heat-conducting filler is adopted, the phase-change material/heat-conducting filler composite has lower hardness and better fluidity after being filled in an adhesive film, so that the subfissure probability of the battery piece is greatly reduced. The packaging adhesive film of the invention can also provide excellent PID resistance. Meanwhile, by utilizing the phase change material/heat-conducting filler compound, the heat-conducting filler does not need to use an excessively expensive heat-conducting filler, and even if the heat-conducting filler is used, good heat dissipation can be realized under the condition of a small addition amount, so that the phase change material/heat-conducting filler compound also has a cost advantage. In a word, the invention effectively solves the problems that the heat dissipation packaging mode of the solar photovoltaic module in the prior art cannot simultaneously consider the heat dissipation, the hidden crack problem of the battery piece, the photoelectric conversion efficiency, the electric conduction safety, the PID resistance and the like, and the packaging adhesive film has good heat dissipation, good packaging performance after being applied to the solar photovoltaic module, high electric conduction safety, high photoelectric conversion rate, good PID resistance, low cost and wide application prospect.

As mentioned above, the heat conductive filler in the phase change material/heat conductive filler composite can play a role of restraining the phase change material from flowing macroscopically after phase change, so as to achieve the purpose of avoiding leakage and migration. In a preferred embodiment, the phase change material/heat conductive filler composite is a composite formed by chemically bonding the phase change material and the heat conductive filler, and the phase change material in the phase change material/heat conductive filler composite has a structure shown in formula I:

in the formula I, n is 0-2, m is 10-250, and R is H, methyl or ethyl.

The phase-change material has better phase-change heat absorption capacity, and meanwhile, the terminal hydroxyl in the phase-change material can form more stable chemical bonding with oxygen on the surface of the heat-conducting filler, and has better compatibility with matrix resin, thereby being beneficial to the dispersion of the compound in the matrix resin. More importantly, the structure of the phase change material similar to crown ether has a cation binding effect, so that the migration of cations to a battery piece is reduced, and an excellent PID (potential induced degradation) resisting effect can be further provided. In order to further take account of the heat dissipation property, the PID resistance, the flowability of the adhesive film and the like of the adhesive film, in a preferred embodiment, n in the phase-change material is 0, m is 10-250, and R is H or methyl; preferably, n is 0 and R is H; more preferably, the phase change material is selected from PEG, PPG, PTMG, PTMEG and the like, more preferably from polyethylene glycol PEG, specifically such as one or more of PEG-800, PEG-1000, PEG-2000, PEG-4000, PEG-6000, PEG-8000 and PEG-10000. The phase change material of the type is selected, so that the performance can be better considered, and the phase change material has the advantages of low price and low manufacturing cost.

In a preferred embodiment, the thermally conductive filler is selected from one or more of zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, montmorillonite, halloysite; preferably, the particle size of the heat-conducting filler is 1-100 μm. The heat conduction coefficient of the heat conduction filler is relatively high, and the oxygen-containing functional group on the surface of the heat conduction filler is easy to form bonding with the terminal hydroxyl group of the phase change material, so that the macroscopic flow of the adhesive film can be effectively restrained while the heat dissipation performance of the adhesive film is further improved. More preferably, the phase change material/thermally conductive filler composite is a composite formed by chemically bonding the phase change material and the thermally conductive filler via a first silane coupling agent. Specific first silane coupling agents include, but are not limited to, 3- (2, 3-glycidoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, 3- (2, 3-glycidoxy) propyltriethoxysilane, 2- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 2- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexane) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3- [ (2,3) -glycidoxy ] propylmethyldimethoxysilane, and the like.

Taking polyethylene glycol and 3- (2, 3-glycidoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane as examples, the phase change material/heat conductive filler compound has the following structure (wherein n is determined by the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol, such as PEG-800, the molecular weight is about 800, and n is about 11-12):

in order to better balance the aspects of heat dissipation, processability, encapsulation and the like of the adhesive film, in a preferred embodiment, the heat dissipation type encapsulation adhesive film comprises 100 parts by weight of matrix resin, 1-50 parts by weight of phase change material/heat conductive filler compound, 0.1-1.5 parts by weight of initiator and 0.5-3 parts by weight of cross-linking agent; preferably, the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film comprises, by weight, 100 parts of matrix resin, 10-50 parts of a phase change material/heat conductive filler compound, 0.3-1 part of an initiator and 0.5-1.2 parts of a cross-linking agent.

The matrix resin may be of a type commonly used in the art, such as matrix resins including, but not limited to, EVA, POE, or PVB. In view of dispersion with the phase change material/thermally conductive filler composite, material cost, and the like, it is more preferable that the matrix resin is EVA or POE.

Preferably, the initiator is selected from the group consisting of free radical thermal initiators, more preferably including one or more of isopropyl butylperoxycarbonate, 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis (t-butylperoxy) hexane, 1-bis (t-butylperoxy) -3,3, 5-trimethylcyclohexane, 2-ethylhexyl t-butylperoxycarbonate, 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexane, 1-bis (t-amylperoxy) 3,3, 5-trimethylcyclohexane, 1-bis (t-amylperoxy) cyclohexane, 1-bis (t-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, 2-bis (t-butylperoxy) butane, t-amyl peroxy 2-ethylhexylcarbonate, t-amyl peroxy carbonate.

Preferably, the crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of multifunctional acrylate or methacrylate crosslinkers, more preferably, tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate triacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, propoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated glycerol triacrylate, propoxylated glycerol triacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, trimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, ditrimethylolpropane tetramethacrylate, propoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, 2,4, 6-tris (2-propenyloxy) -1,3, 5-triazine, tricyclodecane dimethanol diacrylate, glycerol triacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated glycerol tetraacrylate, trimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, 2,4, 6-tris (2-propenyloxy) -1,3, 5-triazine, and (3) one or more of neopentyl glycol diacrylate acrylate and ethoxylated bisphenol A diacrylate are subjected to propylene oxide.

In order to further improve the film forming property and the aging resistance of the adhesive film, in a preferred embodiment, the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film further comprises 0.1-5 parts of tackifier and 0.05-1 part of anti-aging agent by weight; preferably, the adhesion promoter is selected from the group consisting of a second silane coupling agent, more preferably the adhesion promoter comprises one or more of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma- (2, 3-glycidoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane; preferably, the anti-ageing agent is selected from the group consisting of 2, 2' -methylene-bis- (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 1,3, 5-tris (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2, 6-dimethylbenzyl) -1,3, 5-triazine-2, 4,6- (1H,3H,5H) -trione, tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 1,3, 5-tris (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2, 6-dimethylbenzyl) -1,3, 5-triazine-2, 4,6- (1H,3H,5H) -trione, bis (2, 4-dicumylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis-1-decyloxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-ol sebacate, a polymer of succinic acid and 4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinol, a polymer of N, N' -bis (2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) -1, 6-hexanediamine and 2, 4-dichloro-6- (1,1,3, 3-tetramethylbutyl) amino-1, 3, 5-triazine, bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, methyl-1, 2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl sebacate.

More preferably, the thickness of the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film is 0.05-1 mm.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for preparing the heat dissipation type adhesive packaging film, including the following steps: mixing the components of the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film, and then sequentially extruding, embossing, cooling, drawing and rolling to form the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film. The packaging adhesive film has good heat dissipation, good packaging performance after being applied to the solar photovoltaic module, high electric conductivity and safety, high photoelectric conversion rate, good PID resistance, low cost and wide application prospect.

In a preferred embodiment, the phase change material/heat conductive filler composite is a composite formed by chemically bonding the phase change material and the heat conductive filler; prior to mixing, the method of making further comprises the step of making a phase change material/thermally conductive filler composite comprising: reacting the phase change material with a first silane coupling agent under the action of a catalyst to modify the phase change material; mixing and reacting the modified phase-change material and the heat-conducting filler to obtain a phase-change material/heat-conducting filler compound; wherein the phase change material has a structure shown in formula I:

in the formula I, n is 0-2, m is 10-250, and R is H, methyl or ethyl.

In the preparation method, the phase-change material and the first silane coupling agent are firstly utilized to react under the action of the catalyst, and the silane coupling agent can be grafted on the terminal hydroxyl in the phase-change material in advance to form the modified phase-change material. The modified phase-change material is further reacted with the heat-conducting filler, so that chemical bonding of the phase-change material and the heat-conducting filler can be realized.

In order to further improve the bonding effect, in a preferred embodiment, the first silane coupling agent is one or more of 3- (2, 3-glycidoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, 3- (2, 3-glycidoxy) propyltriethoxysilane, 2- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 2- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexane) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3- [ (2,3) -glycidoxy ] propylmethyldimethoxysilane; preferably, the catalyst is selected from organotin catalysts, more preferably including one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate, dibutyltin bis (dodecylthio) diacetate, dibutyltin diacetate. The use of the catalysts is more beneficial to improving the reaction efficiency. Further preferably, the weight ratio of the first silane coupling agent to the phase-change material is 1 (1-10), and the weight ratio of the catalyst to the phase-change material is 1 (10-200). More preferably, the weight ratio of the first silane coupling agent to the phase-change material is 1 (2-5), and the weight ratio of the catalyst to the phase-change material is 1 (20-100).

In order to improve the reaction efficiency of the phase-change material and the first silane coupling agent, the reaction temperature of the phase-change material and the first silane coupling agent is preferably 70-100 ℃. The specific reaction time can be adjusted, for example, 3-5 h. In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the modified phase-change material to the heat-conducting filler is 1 (2-20). By controlling the proportion of the two in the range, the matching degree of the oxygen-containing functional group on the surface of the heat-conducting filler and the functional group of the phase-change material is higher, and the formed compound is more stable in consideration of the steric hindrance of the phase-change material. Preferably, the reaction temperature of the modified phase-change material and the heat-conducting filler is 100-110 ℃. The specific reaction time can be adjusted, for example, 20-30 min.

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.

Example 1

In this embodiment, a photovoltaic module encapsulation adhesive film is prepared, specifically as follows:

1) preparation of phase change material/thermally conductive Filler composites

Adding 5 parts by mass of vacuum-dried phase transition material PEG-1000 into a three-neck flask, adding 25mL of toluene into a conical flask, dripping 1 part by mass of 3- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxy silane, uniformly stirring, then dripping 0.05 part by mass of organic tin catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate, stirring and reacting for 5 hours in a 70 ℃ oil bath kettle, cooling to 0 ℃, and filtering to remove filtrate to obtain the silane modified phase transition material.

Adding 100 mass parts of heat-conducting filler zinc oxide with the average particle size of 50 mu m into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 30 minutes at 100 ℃, then adding 50 mass parts of silane modified phase transition material, and stirring for 15 minutes to obtain the phase transition material modified heat-conducting filler.

2) Preparing packaging adhesive film

The packaging adhesive film with the thickness of 0.5mm is obtained by uniformly mixing 100 parts by mass of POE (polyolefin elastomer) and 10 parts by mass of the phase change material/heat conducting filler composite, 0.5 part by mass of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis (tert-butylperoxy) hexane, 1 part by mass of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 1 part by mass of gamma- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane and 0.2 part by mass of 2, 2' -methylene-bis- (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol) in a mixing stirrer, extruding the mixture at 90 ℃ by a double-screw extruder, and then casting, cooling, slitting and coiling.

Example 2

The photovoltaic module packaging adhesive film is prepared in the embodiment, and the specific process is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that the phase change material/heat conductive filler compound is prepared in the following steps:

adding 10 parts by mass of vacuum-dried phase transition material PEG-1000 into a three-neck flask, adding 25mL of toluene into a conical flask, dripping 5 parts by mass of 3- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxy silane, uniformly stirring, then dripping 0.5 part by mass of organic tin catalyst dibutyltin bis (dodecyl sulfur), stirring and reacting for 5 hours in an oil bath kettle at 100 ℃, cooling to 0 ℃, and filtering to remove filtrate to obtain the silane modified phase transition material.

Adding 100 mass parts of heat-conducting filler zinc oxide with the average particle size of 30 mu m into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 30 minutes at 110 ℃, then adding 50 mass parts of silane modified phase transition material, and stirring for 15 minutes to obtain the phase transition material modified heat-conducting filler.

Example 3

The photovoltaic module packaging adhesive film is prepared in the embodiment, and the specific process is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: the phase change material PEG-1000 in example 1 was replaced with PEG-800.

Example 4

The photovoltaic module packaging adhesive film is prepared in the embodiment, and the specific process is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: the phase transition material PEG-1000 in example 1 was replaced with PEG-10000.

Example 5

The photovoltaic module packaging adhesive film is prepared in the embodiment, and the specific process is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: the phase transition material PEG-1000 in example 1 was replaced with polypropylene glycol PPG-800.

Example 6

The photovoltaic module packaging adhesive film is prepared in the embodiment, and the specific process is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: the zinc oxide heat conductive filler in example 1 was replaced with magnesium oxide.

Example 7

The photovoltaic module packaging adhesive film is prepared in the embodiment, and the specific process is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: the zinc oxide heat conductive filler in example 1 was replaced with alumina.

Example 8

The photovoltaic module packaging adhesive film is prepared in the embodiment, and the specific process is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: the zinc oxide heat conductive filler in example 1 was replaced with montmorillonite.

Example 9

The difference from the embodiment 1 lies in the steps of preparing the packaging adhesive film, which are specifically as follows:

mixing 100 parts by mass of POE (polyolefin elastomer) with 50 parts by mass of the phase change material/heat conducting filler composite, 1.5 parts by mass of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis (tert-butylperoxy) hexane, 3 parts by mass of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 5 parts by mass of gamma- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxysilane and 1 part by mass of 2, 2' -methylene-bis- (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol) uniformly in a mixing stirrer, extruding the mixture at 90 ℃ by a double-screw extruder, and casting, cooling, slitting and coiling to obtain the adhesive film packaging film with the thickness of 0.5 mm.

Example 10

uniformly mixing 100 parts by mass of POE (polyolefin elastomer) with 1 part by mass of the phase change material/heat conducting filler composite, 0.1 part by mass of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis (tert-butylperoxy) hexane, 0.5 part by mass of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 0.1 part by mass of gamma- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxy silane and 0.05 part by mass of 2, 2' -methylene-bis- (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol) in a mixing stirrer, extruding the mixture at 90 ℃ by a double-screw extruder, and then casting, cooling, slitting and coiling to obtain a packaging adhesive film with the thickness of 0.5 mm.

Example 11

uniformly mixing 100 parts by mass of POE (polyolefin elastomer) with 10 parts by mass of the phase change material/heat conducting filler composite, 0.3 part by mass of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis (tert-butylperoxy) hexane, 0.5 part by mass of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 0.5 part by mass of gamma- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxy silane and 0.3 part by mass of 2, 2' -methylene-bis- (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol) in a mixing stirrer, extruding the mixture at 90 ℃ by a double-screw extruder, and then casting, cooling, slitting and coiling to obtain a packaging adhesive film with the thickness of 0.5 mm.

Example 12

the packaging adhesive film with the thickness of 0.5mm is obtained by uniformly mixing 100 parts by mass of POE (polyolefin elastomer) with 50 parts by mass of the phase change material/heat conducting filler composite, 1 part by mass of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis (tert-butylperoxy) hexane, 1.2 parts by mass of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 0.5 part by mass of gamma- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxy silane and 0.3 part by mass of 2, 2' -methylene-bis- (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol) in a mixing stirrer, extruding the mixture at 90 ℃ by a double-screw extruder, and then casting, cooling, slitting and coiling.

Example 13

according to parts by mass, 100 parts by mass of EVA and 10 parts by mass of the phase change material/heat conducting filler composite, 0.5 part by mass of tert-butyl peroxy carbonic acid-2-ethylhexyl ester, 1 part by mass of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, 1 part by mass of vinyl trimethoxy silane and 0.2 part by mass of tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite are uniformly mixed in a mixing stirrer, the mixture is extruded by a double-screw extruder at 90 ℃, and then the packaging adhesive film with the thickness of 0.5mm is obtained through tape casting, cooling, slitting and reeling.

Comparative example 1

100 parts by mass of POE, 10 parts by mass of 50-micron zinc oxide serving as a heat-conducting filler, 0.5 part by mass of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis (tert-butylperoxy) hexane, 1 part by mass of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 1 part by mass of gamma- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane and 0.2 part by mass of 2, 2' -methylene-bis- (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol) are uniformly mixed in a mixing stirrer, the mixture is extruded by a double-screw extruder at 90 ℃, and then casting, cooling, slitting and coiling are carried out to obtain the packaging adhesive film with the thickness of 0.5 mm.

Performance testing and evaluation:

1. photovoltaic module structure and preparation: sequentially arranging a toughened glass substrate, a front layer packaging adhesive film (model TF4 adhesive film manufactured by Hangzhou Foster applied materials Co., Ltd.), and a battery piece string (the battery piece is a polycrystalline battery piece, the conversion efficiency is 16.8%, and the size is 156 multiplied by 156mm²The power of single battery piece is 4.08-4.09W, the single battery pieces are all A-grade pieces, 16 battery pieces are arranged in each assembly, the packaging adhesive film and the back plate (the type 301D back plate manufactured by Forster applied materials, Hangzhou) of the embodiment are stacked, and the stacked battery pieces are placed into a laminating machine for vacuumizing at 150 ℃ for 6min, pressurized for 12min, and added with pressureThe pressure is 0.5-1.0 kg/cm²The junction box, the silica gel and the aluminum alloy frame adopt common materials and sealing methods.

2. Coefficient of thermal conductivity: the encapsulant films prepared in the examples and comparative examples were hot-pressed under the same lamination conditions as those of the photovoltaic module, and the thermal conductivity was measured according to ASTM D5470, and the results are shown in Table 1.

3. Phase change enthalpy of the phase change material: the phase transition heat in the molten state was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter with a temperature program of 5 ℃/min and the data are shown in table 1. Fig. 1 is a DSC enthalpy of phase change diagram of the phase change material in example 1.

4. Heat dissipation: the photovoltaic modules made in the examples and comparative examples were exposed to the open air for 1 hour (with exposure), and the side temperature and power of the backsheet were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.

PID test: the power and EL images of the assembly are tested, then the assembly is placed in an aging test box, the environment of the aging test box is at 85 ℃ and 85% of humidity, and 1000V direct-current voltage is applied between the assembly cable and a frame. The power of the assembly was measured after 96 hours and 192 hours, and the EL image was measured after 96 hours. FIG. 2 shows an initial EL image of a photovoltaic module using the encapsulant film of example 1 of the present invention; FIG. 3 shows the EL image of a photovoltaic module employing the packaging film of example 1 of the present invention after 96 hours PID; FIG. 4 shows an initial EL image of a photovoltaic module using the encapsulant film of comparative example 1 of the present invention; FIG. 5 shows an EL image of a photovoltaic module employing the encapsulant film of comparative example 1 of the present invention after 96 hours of PID. The photovoltaic module power attenuation rate is (initial module power-module PID aged power)/initial module power.

TABLE 1

As can be seen from Table 1, the thermal conductivity of the encapsulant films of examples 1-13 is significantly higher than that of the encapsulant film of comparative example 1, the temperature rise of the photovoltaic modules of examples 1-13 after being exposed outdoors for 1 hour is significantly lower than that of the photovoltaic modules of comparative example 1, and the power attenuation of the photovoltaic modules of examples 1-13 after being subjected to PID96/192h is significantly lower than that of the photovoltaic modules of comparative example 1. The packaging adhesive film can obviously improve the aspects of heat dissipation, hidden cracking of battery pieces, photoelectric conversion efficiency, conductive safety, PID resistance and the like of the photovoltaic module.

As is apparent from fig. 2 to 4, the photovoltaic module of example 1 did not exhibit the problem of subfissure, and the photovoltaic module of comparative example 1 exhibited the problem of subfissure.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film is characterized by comprising matrix resin, a phase change material/heat conduction filler compound, an initiator and a cross-linking agent, wherein the phase change material/heat conduction filler compound, the initiator and the cross-linking agent are dispersed in the matrix resin.

2. The heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film according to claim 1, wherein the phase change material/heat conductive filler composite is a composite formed by chemically bonding a phase change material and a heat conductive filler, and the phase change material in the phase change material/heat conductive filler composite has a structure shown in formula I:

in the formula I, n is 0-2, m is 10-250, and R is H, methyl or ethyl.

3. The heat dissipation type encapsulant film as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the phase change material, n is 0-1, m is 10-250, and R is H or methyl;

preferably, n is 0 and R is H;

more preferably, the phase change material is selected from one or more of PEG-800, PEG-1000, PEG-2000, PEG-4000, PEG-6000, PEG-8000 and PEG-10000.

4. The heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film according to claim 2, wherein the heat conductive filler is selected from one or more of zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, diatomite, kaolin, montmorillonite and halloysite; preferably, the particle size of the heat-conducting filler is 1-100 μm.

5. The heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film according to claim 2, wherein the phase change material/heat conductive filler compound is a compound formed by chemically bonding the phase change material and the heat conductive filler via a first silane coupling agent.

6. The heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film comprises 100 parts by weight of the base resin, 1 to 50 parts by weight of the phase change material/heat conductive filler compound, 0.1 to 1.5 parts by weight of the initiator, and 0.5 to 3 parts by weight of the cross-linking agent;

preferably, the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film comprises, by weight, 100 parts of the matrix resin, 10-50 parts of the phase change material/heat conductive filler compound, 0.3-1 part of the initiator, and 0.5-1.2 parts of the crosslinking agent.

7. The heat dissipating adhesive package of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the matrix resin is selected from EVA, POE or PVB;

preferably, the initiator is selected from the group consisting of free radical thermal initiators, more preferably, it comprises one or more of isopropyl butylperoxycarbonate, 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis (t-butylperoxy) hexane, 1-bis (t-butylperoxy) -3,3, 5-trimethylcyclohexane, 2-ethylhexyl t-butylperoxycarbonate, 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (t-butylperoxy) hexane, 1-bis (t-amylperoxy) 3,3, 5-trimethylcyclohexane, 1-bis (t-amylperoxy) cyclohexane, 1-bis (t-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, 2-bis (t-butylperoxy) butane, t-amyl peroxy-2-ethylhexylcarbonate, t-amyl peroxy carbonate;

preferably, the crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of multifunctional acrylate or methacrylate crosslinkers, more preferably, tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate triacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, propoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated glycerol triacrylate, propoxylated glycerol triacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, trimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, ditrimethylolpropane tetramethacrylate, propoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, 2,4, 6-tris (2-propenyloxy) -1,3, 5-triazine, tricyclodecane dimethanol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated glycerol triacrylate, propoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, trimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, ditrimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, 2,4, 6-tris (2-propenyloxy) -1,3,5-, And (3) one or more of neopentyl glycol diacrylate acrylate and ethoxylated bisphenol A diacrylate are subjected to propylene oxide.

8. The heat dissipation packaging adhesive film according to claim 6, further comprising 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a tackifier and 0.05 to 1 part by weight of an anti-aging agent;

preferably, the adhesion promoter is selected from a second silane coupling agent, more preferably the adhesion promoter comprises one or more of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma- (2, 3-glycidoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane;

preferably, the anti-ageing agent is selected from the group consisting of 2, 2' -methylene-bis- (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 1,3, 5-tris (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2, 6-dimethylbenzyl) -1,3, 5-triazine-2, 4,6- (1H,3H,5H) -trione, tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, 1,3, 5-tris (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2, 6-dimethylbenzyl) -1,3, 5-triazine-2, 4,6- (1H,3H,5H) -trione, bis (2, 4-dicumylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis-1-decyloxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-ol sebacate, a polymer of succinic acid and 4-hydroxy-2, 2,6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinol, N, one or more of a polymer of N' -bis (2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) -1, 6-hexanediamine and 2, 4-dichloro-6- (1,1,3, 3-tetramethylbutyl) amino-1, 3, 5-triazine, bis (1,2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, methyl-1, 2,2,6, 6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl sebacate.

9. The adhesive heat dissipation packaging film according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the adhesive heat dissipation packaging film has a thickness of 0.05-1 mm.

10. The method for preparing the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and mixing the components of the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film, and then sequentially extruding, embossing, cooling, drawing and rolling to form the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film.

11. The method for preparing the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film according to claim 10, wherein the phase change material/heat conductive filler compound is a compound formed by chemically bonding a phase change material and a heat conductive filler; prior to mixing, the method of making further comprises the step of making the phase change material/thermally conductive filler composite comprising:

reacting the phase change material with a first silane coupling agent under the action of a catalyst to modify the phase change material;

mixing and reacting the modified phase-change material and the heat-conducting filler to obtain the phase-change material/heat-conducting filler compound;

wherein the phase change material has a structure represented by formula I:

in the formula I, n is 0-2, m is 10-250, and R is H, methyl or ethyl.

12. The method for preparing the heat dissipation packaging adhesive film according to claim 11, wherein the first silane coupling agent is one or more of 3- (2, 3-glycidoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, 3- (2, 3-glycidoxy) propyltriethoxysilane, 2- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 2- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexane) ethyltrimethoxysilane, and 3- [ (2,3) -glycidoxy ] propylmethyldimethoxysilane;

preferably, the catalyst is selected from organotin catalysts, more preferably including one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate, dibutyltin bis (dodecylthio) diacetate, dibutyltin diacetate.

13. The method for preparing the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the weight ratio of the first silane coupling agent to the phase change material is 1 (1-10), and the weight ratio of the catalyst to the phase change material is 1 (10-200);

preferably, the reaction temperature of the phase change material and the first silane coupling agent is 70-100 ℃.

14. The method for preparing the heat dissipation type packaging adhesive film according to claim 13, wherein the weight ratio of the modified phase change material to the heat conductive filler is 1 (2-20);

preferably, the reaction temperature of the modified phase-change material and the heat-conducting filler is 100-110 ℃.