CN112408804A - Iron tailing based high-performance porous glass ceramic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Iron tailing based high-performance porous glass ceramic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112408804A CN112408804A CN202011371377.XA CN202011371377A CN112408804A CN 112408804 A CN112408804 A CN 112408804A CN 202011371377 A CN202011371377 A CN 202011371377A CN 112408804 A CN112408804 A CN 112408804A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Inorganic materials [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001553 barium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IJVRPNIWWODHHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanoprop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=C)C#N IJVRPNIWWODHHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- AJCDFVKYMIUXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxobarium;oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron Chemical compound [Ba]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O AJCDFVKYMIUXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005619 boric acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C11/00—Multi-cellular glass ; Porous or hollow glass or glass particles
- C03C11/007—Foam glass, e.g. obtained by incorporating a blowing agent and heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/06—Other methods of shaping glass by sintering, e.g. by cold isostatic pressing of powders and subsequent sintering, by hot pressing of powders, by sintering slurries or dispersions not undergoing a liquid phase reaction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/10—Forming beads
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B32/00—Thermal after-treatment of glass products not provided for in groups C03B19/00, C03B25/00 - C03B31/00 or C03B37/00, e.g. crystallisation, eliminating gas inclusions or other impurities; Hot-pressing vitrified, non-porous, shaped glass products
- C03B32/02—Thermal crystallisation, e.g. for crystallising glass bodies into glass-ceramic articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/002—Use of waste materials, e.g. slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
- C03C10/0063—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing waste materials, e.g. slags
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides iron tailing based high-performance porous glass ceramics and a preparation method thereof, wherein the porous glass ceramics mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-70% of iron tailing powder, 10-20% of fluxing agent, 5-15% of nucleating agent, 10-20% of foaming agent and 5-15% of binder; the preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing, grinding, melting and water quenching, collecting glass bead powder, grinding into powder, mixing all auxiliary raw materials, performing compression molding, nucleating and crystallizing, and cooling along with a furnace. The invention takes the iron tailings as raw materials, has mild preparation conditions, simple synthesis process, low cost and easy large-scale production, reasonably utilizes iron tailing resources, and the prepared porous glass ceramics have excellent performances of small density, light weight, large specific surface area, good damping performance and the like, and can be widely applied to the building, environmental protection, energy and chemical industries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to iron tailing based high-performance porous glass ceramics and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The iron tailings are group mining waste materials formed by naturally dehydrating tailing slurry discharged by a concentrating mill in iron ore development. The discharge amount of iron tailings of mines in China is large, the direct land pollution area caused by the iron tailings is hundreds of thousands of hectares, the indirect land pollution area reaches millions of hectares, and the increase trend is shown. Because the utilization research of the iron tailings in China starts late, the components and the properties of the iron tailings are not comprehensively known, the environment-friendly consciousness is poor, the utilization of the tailings is not paid attention to, and the utilization rate of the iron tailings in China is extremely low.
The foam glass is invented by the United states of petzburg Corning company, and is produced in small batches in China since the middle of the 70 th 20 th century, the product varieties are products such as sound-absorbing foam glass, building heat-insulating foam glass, low-borosilicate foam glass, high-borosilicate foam glass, neutral foam glass, foam glass for cleaning, colored foam glass and the like are gradually developed from single heat-insulating foam glass, and the products are produced by industrial waste residues to produce foam glass raw materials such as waste glass, fly ash, volcanic ash and the like, can effectively reduce the production cost, are beneficial to environmental protection and are widely adopted. Therefore, the application range of the porous glass ceramic is limited, most of the porous glass ceramic is used in the fields of chemical industry, electric power, refrigeration and the like, and is used as a few of decoration and wall materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the iron tailing based high-performance porous glass ceramics and the preparation method thereof, which not only realize the resource utilization of the iron tailings, but also solve the problems of complex production process, high cost, low mechanical strength, poor thermal shock resistance and the like in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
the invention provides iron tailing based high-performance porous glass ceramics which mainly comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-70% of iron tailing powder, 10-20% of fluxing agent, 5-15% of nucleating agent, 10-20% of foaming agent and 5-15% of binder.
The iron tailing powder mainly comprises quartz and hematite and can be a cheap raw material for preparing microcrystalline glass taking barium ferrite as a main crystal phase; the functional glass ceramics is prepared by taking the iron tailings as the main component, so that the raw material cost of the barium ferrite glass ceramics can be reduced, the added value of iron ore materials is improved, and the environmental protection is facilitated.
Further, the fluxing agent comprises one or a combination of more of feldspar, soda ash, boric acid, lead compounds and barium compounds; the fluxing agent mainly plays the roles of fluxing and stabilizing agent in the glass, and the chemical stability and the mechanical strength of the glass are improved.
Further, the binder comprises one or a combination of several of polyethylene glycol, a-cyanoacrylate and polymeric cyclic ether derivatives; the adhesive ensures the bonding strength between the abrasive and the matrix, and can effectively improve the strength of the pressed blank or prevent powder segregation.
Further, the nucleating agent comprises V2O5，Cr2O3、TiO2One or a combination of several of (a); the nucleating agent provides required crystal nucleus in a molten state, so that the polymer is converted from original homogeneous nucleation to heterogeneous nucleation, the crystallization speed is accelerated, the crystal grain structure is refined, the rigidity of the product is improved, the forming period is shortened, the size stability of the final product is maintained, and the transparency, the surface gloss and the physical and mechanical properties of the polymer are improved.
Further, the blowing agent comprises NaN3、CaCO3、Na2CO3、BaCO3One or a combination of several of (a); the foaming agent can release gases such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen after being heated and decomposed to form pores in the glass body; the foaming agent has higher surface activity, can effectively reduce the surface tension of liquid, is arranged on the surface of a liquid film by two electron layers to surround air to form bubbles, and then forms foam by single bubbles.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the iron tailing based high-performance porous glass ceramics, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing iron tailing powder, fluxing agent, nucleating agent, foaming agent and binder according to the proportion set by the formula;
s2, fully grinding the iron tailing powder, and uniformly mixing;
s3, melting the powder ground in the step S2 into molten glass, pouring the molten glass into water, quenching and quenching;
s4, collecting the water-quenched glass particles, drying and grinding to obtain glass powder for later use;
s5, mixing the glass powder, the fluxing agent, the nucleating agent, the foaming agent and the binder, adding water, stirring uniformly, and putting into a die for compression molding;
s6, forming, naturally drying, sintering, nucleating and crystallizing, and cooling with the furnace to obtain the porous glass ceramics.
Further, step S3 specifically includes placing the uniformly mixed powder in a 30mL corundum crucible, placing the corundum crucible in a box-type resistance furnace, raising the temperature to 1250 ℃ at a heating rate of 4 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 3h, and pouring the molten and clarified glass liquid into water at 20 ℃ for water quenching and quenching.
Further, the step S5 is to press-mold a cylindrical mold with a diameter of 30mm and a depth of 5mm under a pressure of 20-25 MPa.
Further, in the sintering process of step S6, the temperature is kept at 800 ℃ for 50-70 min at a temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min before 800 ℃, then the temperature is raised at a temperature rise rate of 6 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept at 1000 ℃ for 45-60 min.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method takes the iron tailings as raw materials, has mild preparation conditions, simple synthesis process, low cost and easy large-scale production, and reasonably utilizes iron tailing resources.
2. The porous glass ceramics prepared by the invention has the excellent performances of small density, light weight, large specific surface area, good damping performance and the like, and can be widely applied to the building, environmental protection, energy and chemical industries.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the porous glass ceramics is prepared by using 30% of iron tailings powder, 20% of fluxing agent, 15% of nucleating agent, 20% of foaming agent and 15% of binder, wherein the fluxing agent is boric acid, and the nucleating agent is V2O5And Cr2O3Mixing in equal proportion, and using NaN as foaming agent3And CaCO3Mixing at equal ratio, and mixing with polyethylene glycol as binder.
The high-performance porous microcrystalline glass based on the iron tailings is prepared according to the following steps:
s1, weighing iron tailing powder, a fluxing agent, a nucleating agent, a foaming agent and a binder according to a set proportion;
s2, pouring the iron tailing powder into a mortar, and fully grinding to uniformly mix the iron tailing powder and reduce particles;
s3, placing the uniformly mixed powder into a 30mL corundum crucible, placing the corundum crucible into a box-type resistance furnace, raising the temperature to 1250 ℃ at a heating rate of 4 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 3 hours, and pouring the molten and clarified glass liquid into water at 20 ℃ for water quenching and quenching;
s4, collecting the water-quenched glass particles, naturally drying, and grinding by using a ball mill to obtain glass powder for later use;
s5, mixing glass powder, fluxing agent, nucleating agent, foaming agent and binder. Putting into a crucible, adding a certain amount of water, stirring uniformly, putting into a cylindrical mold with the diameter of 30mm and the depth of 5mm, and pressing and molding under the pressure of 20-25 MPa;
and S6, placing the formed glass into a natural environment for natural drying for one day and night, then placing the glass into a 50mL corundum crucible for heating, nucleating and crystallizing, wherein in the sintering process, the temperature is raised at the temperature of 800 ℃ by adopting the temperature raising rate of 5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept at 800 ℃ for 50min, the temperature is raised at the temperature raising rate of 6 ℃/min, the temperature is kept at 1000 ℃ for 45min, and then the glass is cooled along with a furnace to obtain the porous glass ceramics.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the porous glass ceramics is prepared by using 55% of iron tailings powder, 15% of fluxing agent, 8% of nucleating agent, 12% of foaming agent and 10% of binder, wherein the fluxing agent is barium compound, and the nucleating agent is V2O5And Cr2O3Mixing in equal proportion, and using NaN as foaming agent3And CaCO3Mixing at equal ratio, and mixing with polyethylene glycol as binder.
The high-performance porous microcrystalline glass based on the iron tailings is prepared according to the following steps:
s1, weighing iron tailing powder, a fluxing agent, a nucleating agent, a foaming agent and a binder according to a set proportion;
s2, pouring the iron tailing powder into a mortar, and fully grinding to uniformly mix the iron tailing powder and reduce particles;
s3, placing the uniformly mixed powder into a 30mL corundum crucible, placing the corundum crucible into a box-type resistance furnace, raising the temperature to 1250 ℃ at a heating rate of 4 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 3 hours, and pouring the molten and clarified glass liquid into water at 20 ℃ for water quenching and quenching;
s4, collecting the water-quenched glass particles, naturally drying, and grinding by using a ball mill to obtain glass powder for later use;
s5, mixing glass powder, fluxing agent, nucleating agent, foaming agent and binder. Putting into a crucible, adding a certain amount of water, stirring uniformly, putting into a cylindrical mold with the diameter of 30mm and the depth of 5mm, and pressing and molding under the pressure of 20-25 MPa;
and S6, placing the formed glass into a natural environment for natural drying for one day and night, then placing the glass into a 50mL corundum crucible for heating, nucleating and crystallizing, wherein in the sintering process, the temperature is raised at the temperature of 800 ℃ by adopting the temperature raising rate of 5 ℃/min, the temperature is maintained at 800 ℃ for 60min, the temperature is raised at the temperature raising rate of 6 ℃/min, the temperature is maintained at 1000 ℃ for 50min, and then the glass is cooled along with a furnace to obtain the porous glass ceramics.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the porous glass ceramics is prepared by using 70% of iron tailings powder, 5% of fluxing agent, 10% of nucleating agent, 10% of foaming agent and 5% of binder, wherein the fluxing agent is feldspar, and the nucleating agent is TiO2The foaming agent is NaN3、CaCO3And BaCO3Mixing in equal proportion, and the adhesive is alpha-cyanoacrylate.
The high-performance porous microcrystalline glass based on the iron tailings is prepared according to the following steps:
s1, weighing iron tailing powder, a fluxing agent, a nucleating agent, a foaming agent and a binder according to a set proportion;
s2, pouring the iron tailing powder into a mortar, and fully grinding to uniformly mix the iron tailing powder and reduce particles;
s3, placing the uniformly mixed powder into a 30mL corundum crucible, placing the corundum crucible into a box-type resistance furnace, raising the temperature to 1250 ℃ at a heating rate of 4 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 3 hours, and pouring the molten and clarified glass liquid into water at 20 ℃ for water quenching and quenching;
s4, collecting the water-quenched glass particles, naturally drying, and grinding by using a ball mill to obtain glass powder for later use;
s5, mixing glass powder, fluxing agent, nucleating agent, foaming agent and binder. Putting into a crucible, adding a certain amount of water, stirring uniformly, putting into a cylindrical mold with the diameter of 30mm and the depth of 5mm, and pressing and molding under the pressure of 20-25 MPa;
s6, placing the formed glass into a natural environment for natural drying for a day and a night, then placing the glass into a 50mL corundum crucible for heating, nucleating and crystallizing, wherein in the sintering process, the temperature is raised at the temperature of 800 ℃ by adopting the temperature raising rate of 5 ℃/min, the temperature is maintained at 800 ℃ for 70min, the temperature is raised at the temperature raising rate of 6 ℃/min, the temperature is maintained at 1000 ℃ for 60min, and then the glass is cooled along with a furnace to obtain the porous glass ceramics.
The porous glass ceramics obtained in example 1, example 2 and example 3 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the porous microporous glass prepared by the invention has the characteristics of good compressive strength, good heat conductivity, high strength and strong thermal shock resistance under the condition of high porosity; the invention takes the iron tailings as raw materials, has mild preparation conditions, simple synthesis process, low cost and easy large-scale production, reasonably utilizes iron tailing resources, and the prepared porous microporous glass has light weight, high strength and strong thermal shock resistance and can be widely applied to the building, environmental protection, energy and chemical industries.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. The iron tailing based high-performance porous glass ceramics is characterized by comprising the following main components in parts by weight: 30-70% of iron tailing powder, 10-20% of fluxing agent, 5-15% of nucleating agent, 10-20% of foaming agent and 5-15% of binder.
2. The iron tailing based high-performance porous glass-ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fluxing agent comprises one or a combination of more of feldspar, soda ash, boric acid, lead compounds and barium compounds.
3. The iron tailing based high-performance porous glass-ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adhesive comprises one or a combination of several of polyethylene glycol, alpha-cyanoacrylate and polymeric cyclic ether derivatives.
4. The iron tailing based high-performance porous glass-ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nucleating agent comprises V2O5，Cr2O3、TiO2One or a combination of several of them.
5. The iron tailing based high-performance porous glass-ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that: the foaming agent comprises NaN3、CaCO3、Na2CO3、BaCO3One or a combination of several of them.
6. The method for preparing the iron tailing based high-performance porous glass ceramics according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, weighing iron tailing powder, fluxing agent, nucleating agent, foaming agent and binder according to the proportion set by the formula;
s2, fully grinding the iron tailing powder, and uniformly mixing;
s3, melting the powder ground in the step S2 into molten glass, pouring the molten glass into water, quenching and quenching;
s4, collecting the water-quenched glass particles, drying and grinding to obtain glass powder for later use;
s5, mixing the glass powder, the fluxing agent, the nucleating agent, the foaming agent and the binder, adding water, stirring uniformly, and putting into a die for compression molding;
s6, forming, naturally drying, sintering, nucleating and crystallizing, and cooling with the furnace to obtain the porous glass ceramics.
7. The method for preparing the iron tailing based high-performance porous glass ceramics according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: step S3 is specifically that the uniformly mixed powder is placed in a 30mL corundum crucible, placed in a box-type resistance furnace, heated to 1250 ℃ at the heating rate of 4 ℃/min, and kept for 3h, and then the molten and clarified glass liquid is poured into water of 20 ℃ for water quenching and rapid cooling.
8. The method for preparing the iron tailing based high-performance porous glass ceramics according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: step S5 is to press and mold a cylindrical mold with a diameter of 30mm and a depth of 5mm under a pressure of 20-25 MPa.
9. The method for preparing the iron tailing based high-performance porous glass ceramics according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: in the sintering process of the step S6, the temperature is kept for 50min to 70min at 800 ℃ by adopting the temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min before 800 ℃, then the temperature is raised by adopting the temperature rise rate of 6 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 45min to 60min at 1000 ℃.
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