CN112408326A - Production equipment and purification process of high-purity heavy water - Google Patents
Production equipment and purification process of high-purity heavy water Download PDFInfo
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- CN112408326A CN112408326A CN202011275209.0A CN202011275209A CN112408326A CN 112408326 A CN112408326 A CN 112408326A CN 202011275209 A CN202011275209 A CN 202011275209A CN 112408326 A CN112408326 A CN 112408326A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B5/00—Water
- C01B5/02—Heavy water; Preparation by chemical reaction of hydrogen isotopes or their compounds, e.g. 4ND3 + 7O2 ---> 4NO2 + 6D2O, 2D2 + O2 ---> 2D2O
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of heavy water preparation, and particularly discloses production equipment of high-purity heavy water and a purification process thereof, wherein the production equipment comprises an electrolyzer (100), an anode plate (110), a cathode plate (120), a water channel (130), an electrolyzer water inlet (140), an electrolyzer water outlet (150), a water storage tank (200), a water-gas separator (300), a wastewater outlet (310), a gas storage tank (400), a deuterium gas purifier (500) and a heavy water reactor (600); the heavy water production equipment disclosed by the invention has the advantages of low cost, low energy consumption, simple process and high purity of the produced heavy water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of heavy water preparation, and particularly discloses production equipment and a purification process of high-purity heavy water.
Background
Deuterium oxide (Deuterium oxide) is a compound consisting of Deuterium and oxygen, also called Deuterium oxide, of formula D2O, with a relative molecular mass 20.0275 which is about 11% higher than the relative molecular mass 18.0153 of water (H2O), and is therefore called heavy water. The properties of deuterium and hydrogen are very similar, so that the chemical properties of heavy water and ordinary water are also very similar. In natural water, the content of heavy water is about 0.02%. The modern industrial heavy water production method comprises the following steps: ammonia, water rectification and water, liquid hydrogen distillation, single-temperature and double-temperature ammonia hydrogen, hydrogen-water and hydrogen sulfide-water exchange, intermittent, semi-continuous and continuous electrolysis, etc. At present, the electrolysis method is applied more, but the current electrolysis method for producing heavy water utilizes the principle that protium ions are easier to enrich on electrodes and are electrolyzed into protium gas, and the method is to electrolyze the natural water to produce protium gas and oxygen, and the rest is deuterium water. However, the current electrolytic method has high requirements on equipment, complex equipment, large energy consumption and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention discloses production equipment of high-purity heavy water and a purification process thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a production device of high-purity heavy water comprises an electrolyzer, an anode plate, a cathode plate, a water channel, an electrolyzer water inlet, an electrolyzer water outlet, a water storage tank, a water-gas separator, a wastewater outlet, a gas storage tank, a deuterium gas purifier and a heavy water reactor; the electrolyzer is vertically arranged, and an electrolyzer water inlet at the lower end of the electrolyzer is connected with the water storage tank; the water outlet of the electrolyzer at the upper end of the electrolyzer is connected with the water-gas separator; the water-gas separator separates water from gas, the water is discharged through the waste water outlet, and the gas enters the gas storage tank for storage through being connected with the gas storage tank; the gas storage box is communicated with the downstream deuterium gas purifier through a pipeline; the deuterium gas purifier is connected with the heavy water reactor; the electrolyzer comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate which are arranged in parallel from left to right, and a water channel is reserved between the anode plate and the cathode plate; the lower end of the water channel is connected with a water inlet of the electrolyzer; the upper end is connected with the water outlet of the electrolyzer.
Further, according to the production equipment of the high-purity heavy water, the width of the anode plate is the same as that of the cathode plate, and the width of the water channel is one fifth of that of the anode plate.
Further, according to the high-purity heavy water production equipment, the width of the anode plate is 10 cm.
Further, in the production equipment of high-purity heavy water, the voltage between the anode plate and the cathode plate is 370V.
Further, in the production equipment of the high-purity heavy water, the anode plate is made of a flake graphite material; the cathode plate is pure tantalum.
Further, according to the production equipment of the high-purity heavy water, an adsorption purification device is arranged between the water storage tank and the water inlet of the electrolyzer.
Further, in the production equipment of the high-purity heavy water, the adsorption purification device is filled with macroporous resin.
Further, the purification process of the production equipment of the high-purity heavy water comprises the following steps:
I. water inflow: injecting water in the water storage tank into the water channel from bottom to top from a water inlet of the electrolyzer by using a water pump;
II, electrolysis: in the process of injecting water into the water channel, applying voltage between the anode plate and the cathode plate, and carrying out electrolysis to release deuterium gas;
III, water-gas separation: separating water from gas in a water-gas separator, wherein the water flows out through a wastewater outlet, and the gas enters a deuterium gas purification machine for purification;
IV: deuterium gas purification: separating deuterium gas in a deuterium gas purifier according to the gravity principle;
v: producing heavy water: and the purified deuterium gas enters a heavy water reactor to react with pure oxygen to produce high-purity heavy water.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention sets a graphite anode and a pure tantalum cathode through an electrolytic method, so that water can generate electrochemical reaction, OH free radicals can be generated at the anode, H ions and D ions can be generated at the cathode, the H ions are easier to form water with the OH free radicals based on weight than the D ions, a large amount of D ions can be automatically combined and reacted to generate deuterium gas and be separated out, and the purified deuterium gas and pure oxygen gas are reacted to generate heavy water through collecting and purifying the deuterium gas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-purity heavy water production apparatus as described in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high-purity heavy water production apparatus as described in example 2;
wherein: the device comprises an electrolyzer 100, an anode plate 110, a cathode plate 120, a water channel 130, an electrolyzer water inlet 140, an electrolyzer water outlet 150, a water storage tank 200, an adsorption and purification device 210, a water-gas separator 300, a wastewater outlet 310, a gas storage tank 400, a deuterium gas purifier 500 and a heavy water reactor 600.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Example 1
The production equipment of high-purity heavy water shown in fig. 1 comprises an electrolyzer 100, an anode plate 110, a cathode plate 120, a water channel 130, an electrolyzer water inlet 140, an electrolyzer water outlet 150, a water storage tank 200, a water-gas separator 300, a wastewater outlet 310, a gas storage tank 400, a deuterium gas purifier 500 and a heavy water reactor 600; the electrolyzer 100 is vertically arranged, and an electrolyzer water inlet 140 at the lower end of the electrolyzer 100 is connected with the water storage tank 200; the water outlet 150 of the electrolyzer at the upper end of the electrolyzer 100 is connected with the water-gas separator 300; the water-gas separator 300 separates water and gas, the water is discharged through the waste water outlet 310, and the gas enters the gas storage tank 400 through the connection with the gas storage tank 400 for storage; the gas storage tank 400 is communicated with the deuterium gas purifier 500 at the downstream through a pipeline; the deuterium purifier 500 is connected with the heavy water reactor 600; the electrolyzer 100 comprises an anode plate 110 and a cathode plate 120 which are arranged in parallel from left to right, and a water channel 130 is reserved between the anode plate 110 and the cathode plate 120; the lower end of the water channel 130 is connected with the water inlet 140 of the electrolyzer; the upper end is connected with the water outlet 150 of the electrolyzer.
The extraction process of the production equipment of the high-purity heavy water comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps:
I. water inflow: injecting water in the water storage tank 200 into the water channel 130 from the water inlet 140 of the electrolyzer from bottom to top by using a water pump;
II, electrolysis: in the process of injecting water into the water channel 130, voltage is applied between the anode plate 110 and the cathode plate 120 to carry out electrolysis, and deuterium gas is released;
III, water-gas separation: water and gas are separated in the water-gas separator 300, the water flows out through the wastewater outlet 310, and the gas enters the deuterium purification machine 500 for purification;
IV: deuterium gas purification: separating deuterium gas in the deuterium gas purifier 500 according to the gravity principle;
v: producing heavy water: the purified deuterium gas enters a heavy water reactor 600 to react with pure oxygen to produce high-purity heavy water.
Through determination, the purity of the heavy water produced by the process reaches 97.9 percent.
Example 2
The production equipment of high-purity heavy water shown in fig. 2 comprises an electrolyzer 100, an anode plate 110, a cathode plate 120, a water channel 130, an electrolyzer water inlet 140, an electrolyzer water outlet 150, a water storage tank 200, a water-gas separator 300, a wastewater outlet 310, a gas storage tank 400, a deuterium gas purifier 500 and a heavy water reactor 600; the electrolyzer 100 is vertically arranged, and an electrolyzer water inlet 140 at the lower end of the electrolyzer 100 is connected with the water storage tank 200; the water outlet 150 of the electrolyzer at the upper end of the electrolyzer 100 is connected with the water-gas separator 300; the water-gas separator 300 separates water and gas, the water is discharged through the waste water outlet 310, and the gas enters the gas storage tank 400 through the connection with the gas storage tank 400 for storage; the gas storage tank 400 is communicated with the deuterium gas purifier 500 at the downstream through a pipeline; the deuterium purifier 500 is connected with the heavy water reactor 600; the electrolyzer 100 comprises an anode plate 110 and a cathode plate 120 which are arranged in parallel from left to right, and a water channel 130 is reserved between the anode plate 110 and the cathode plate 120; the lower end of the water channel 130 is connected with the water inlet 140 of the electrolyzer; the upper end is connected with the water outlet 150 of the electrolyzer; preferably, the widths of the anode plate 110 and the cathode plate 120 are the same, and the width of the water channel 130 is one fifth of that of the anode plate; further, the width of the anode plate 110 is 10 cm; in particular, the voltage between the anode plate 110 and the cathode plate 120 is 370V; preferably, the anode plate 110 is a flake graphite material; the cathode plate 120 is pure tantalum; in particular, an adsorption purification device 210 is further arranged between the water storage tank 200 and the electrolyzer water inlet 140; further, the adsorption purification device 210 is filled with macroporous resin.
The extraction process of the production equipment of the high-purity heavy water comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps:
I. water inflow: injecting water in the water storage tank 200 into the water channel 130 from the water inlet 140 of the electrolyzer from bottom to top by using a water pump;
II, electrolysis: in the process of injecting water into the water channel 130, voltage is applied between the anode plate 110 and the cathode plate 120 to carry out electrolysis, and deuterium gas is released;
III, water-gas separation: water and gas are separated in the water-gas separator 300, the water flows out through the wastewater outlet 310, and the gas enters the deuterium purification machine 500 for purification;
IV: deuterium gas purification: separating deuterium gas in the deuterium gas purifier 500 according to the gravity principle;
v: producing heavy water: the purified deuterium gas enters a heavy water reactor 600 to react with pure oxygen to produce high-purity heavy water.
Through determination, the purity of the heavy water produced by the process reaches 98.2 percent
The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby, and all the equivalent changes and modifications made by the claims and the summary of the invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present patent application.
Claims (8)
1. The production equipment of the high-purity heavy water is characterized by comprising an electrolyzer (100), an anode plate (110), a cathode plate (120), a water channel (130), an electrolyzer water inlet (140), an electrolyzer water outlet (150), a water storage tank (200), a water-gas separator (300), a wastewater outlet (310), a gas storage tank (400), a deuterium gas purification machine (500) and a heavy water reactor (600); the electrolyzer (100) is vertically arranged, and an electrolyzer water inlet (140) at the lower end of the electrolyzer (100) is connected with the water storage tank (200); an electrolyzer water outlet (150) at the upper end of the electrolyzer (100) is connected with the water-gas separator (300); the water-gas separator (300) separates water and gas, the water is discharged through the waste water outlet (310), and the gas enters the gas storage tank (400) for storage through being connected with the gas storage tank (400); the gas storage tank (400) is communicated with the deuterium purification machine (500) at the downstream through a pipeline; the deuterium gas purifier (500) is connected with the heavy water reactor (600); the electrolyzer (100) comprises an anode plate (110) and a cathode plate (120) which are arranged in parallel from left to right, and a water channel (130) is reserved between the anode plate (110) and the cathode plate (120); the lower end of the water channel (130) is connected with the water inlet (140) of the electrolyzer; the upper end is connected with the water outlet (150) of the electrolyzer.
2. The apparatus for producing high purity heavy water according to claim 1, wherein the anode plate (110) and the cathode plate (120) have the same width, and the width of the water channel (130) is one fifth of that of the anode plate.
3. The apparatus for producing high purity heavy water according to claim 2, wherein the width of the anode plate (110) is 10 cm.
4. The apparatus for producing high purity heavy water according to claim 1, wherein the voltage between the anode plate (110) and the cathode plate (120) is 370V.
5. The apparatus for producing high purity heavy water according to claim 1, wherein said anode plate (110) is a flake graphite material; the cathode plate (120) is pure tantalum.
6. The plant for the production of high purity heavy water according to claim 1, characterized in that an adsorption purification device (210) is further arranged between said storage tank (200) and said electrolyzer water inlet (140).
7. The apparatus for producing high purity heavy water according to claim 6, wherein the adsorption purification means (210) is filled with macroporous resin.
8. The purification process of a high purity heavy water production facility as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
I. water inflow: injecting water in a water storage tank (200) into a water channel (130) from bottom to top from an electrolyzer water inlet (140) by using a water pump;
II, electrolysis: applying voltage between the anode plate (110) and the cathode plate (120) in the process of injecting water into the water channel (130) to perform electrolysis and release deuterium gas;
III, water-gas separation: water and gas are separated in a water-gas separator (300), the water flows out through a waste water outlet (310), and the gas enters a deuterium gas purifier (500) for purification;
IV: deuterium gas purification: separating deuterium gas in a deuterium gas purifier (500) according to the gravity principle;
v: producing heavy water: the purified deuterium gas enters a heavy water reactor (600) to react with pure oxygen to produce high-purity heavy water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011275209.0A CN112408326A (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Production equipment and purification process of high-purity heavy water |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011275209.0A CN112408326A (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Production equipment and purification process of high-purity heavy water |
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| CN112408326A true CN112408326A (en) | 2021-02-26 |
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| CN202011275209.0A Pending CN112408326A (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Production equipment and purification process of high-purity heavy water |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2137906A1 (en) * | 1971-05-17 | 1972-12-29 | Siemens Ag | |
| KR19990047600A (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 1999-07-05 | 윤병집 | Separation Method of Heavy Water Using Photoexcitation and Electrolysis |
| JP2004337843A (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-12-02 | Showa Denko Kk | Method and apparatus for concentrating hydrogen isotope water |
| CN105408243A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2016-03-16 | 德诺拉工业有限公司 | Electrolytic enrichment method for heavy water |
| CN105776437A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-07-20 | 福建方明环保科技股份有限公司 | Heavy water production equipment and heavy water production method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-11-16 CN CN202011275209.0A patent/CN112408326A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2137906A1 (en) * | 1971-05-17 | 1972-12-29 | Siemens Ag | |
| KR19990047600A (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 1999-07-05 | 윤병집 | Separation Method of Heavy Water Using Photoexcitation and Electrolysis |
| JP2004337843A (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-12-02 | Showa Denko Kk | Method and apparatus for concentrating hydrogen isotope water |
| CN105408243A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2016-03-16 | 德诺拉工业有限公司 | Electrolytic enrichment method for heavy water |
| CN105776437A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-07-20 | 福建方明环保科技股份有限公司 | Heavy water production equipment and heavy water production method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210226 |
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