CN112406218A - Shelter composite foamed aluminum sandwich plate structure - Google Patents
Shelter composite foamed aluminum sandwich plate structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112406218A CN112406218A CN202011257532.5A CN202011257532A CN112406218A CN 112406218 A CN112406218 A CN 112406218A CN 202011257532 A CN202011257532 A CN 202011257532A CN 112406218 A CN112406218 A CN 112406218A
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
- B32B29/002—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B29/007—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material next to a foam layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
- E04H1/1205—Small buildings erected in the open air
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/04—Inorganic
- B32B2266/045—Metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a shelter composite foamed aluminum sandwich plate structure which comprises a sandwich layer and foamed aluminum, wherein the sandwich layer is made of paper honeycombs, and the foamed aluminum is attached to two sides of the sandwich layer. The invention can improve the structural strength, the anti-explosion and the anti-hole penetration capability of the large plate of the military shelter, and solves the problems that the polyurethane large plate shelter cannot be installed anywhere on the shelter and the heat transfer problem of the cabin plate of the sandwich plate made of foamed aluminum only.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to advanced forming and processing technology in the technical field of advanced manufacturing, and relates to a nonmetal composite large plate.
Background
In an extreme environment, a special shelter is required to have excellent impact resistance, bearing capacity, explosion-proof capacity and the like, so that the special shelter can resist different levels of internal and external impact and blast fragment striking, and workers and equipment in the shelter are protected to the maximum extent. However, at present, the military shelter large plate usually adopts rigid polyurethane foam as the core material of the sandwich plate, and the composite plate prepared by the materials is difficult to meet the requirements. The manufacturing of a light-weight structure shelter with high mechanical strength and good energy dissipation capacity to replace the traditional polyurethane foam shelter at present becomes a problem to be researched urgently in the shelter industry at present.
The foamed aluminum is a new material integrating structure and function. Compared with the traditional metal aluminum, the foamed aluminum has the characteristics of small density, strong heat resistance, good permeability, large specific surface area, strong sound insulation performance, impact energy absorption capacity, good sound absorption performance and the like. Such materials have potential applications in lightweight construction, energy absorption and thermal management. However, in practical application, the foamed aluminum has a lower modulus and a rough surface compared with a compact plate, and cannot be used as a structural material alone, so that the application of the foamed aluminum is limited. The foamed aluminum and other plates are combined to form the composite material, namely the foamed aluminum is used as the sandwich board formed by the core body, and the comprehensive advantages of the foamed aluminum and the plates are exerted. At present, foamed aluminum has been applied in the fields of metallurgy, chemical industry, ships, electronics, automobile manufacturing, building industry and the like. Due to the excellent characteristics of the foamed aluminum, the foamed aluminum is expected to have good application prospects in the new fields of aerospace, telecommunication, environmental protection and the like.
Research and development on foamed metal technology began in the late 20 th century. Related research institutions independently research production methods and new products including closed-cell foamed aluminum in sequence, and the capacity of producing large-scale closed-cell foamed plates is achieved. At present, many units synchronously develop the application research of the foamed aluminum on the square cabin. However, in the field of special military shelter, no special report and relevant research paper about foamed aluminum is found. Therefore, how to combine the excellent performance of the foamed aluminum with the design and manufacturing technology of the military shelter maturely at present to obtain the forming process of the large plate of the foamed aluminum shelter so as to research the shelter structure with good explosion-proof, shock absorption, energy absorption and heat insulation performance is a key technical problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a shelter composite foamed aluminum sandwich plate structure which can be used for constructing a shelter with high charge-mass ratio, good explosion resistance, good shock absorption, good energy absorption and good heat insulation performance.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the shelter composite foamed aluminum sandwich plate structure comprises a sandwich layer and foamed aluminum, wherein the sandwich layer is made of paper honeycombs, and the foamed aluminum is attached to two sides of the sandwich layer.
The invention also comprises face plates which are respectively arranged on one side of the foamed aluminum far away from the sandwich layer.
The invention also comprises an insert, wherein the insert is of a columnar structure, and one end of the insert is provided with an opening threaded hole; the insert penetrates through the foamed aluminum and the sandwich layer on at least one side, is arranged in the sandwich plate structure, and is fixedly connected with the sandwich plate through pouring sealant; an exhaust guide groove is reserved on the side wall of the insert and used for exhaust and guide in the glue injection process.
The thickness of the paper honeycomb is selected to be 20 mm.
The thickness of the foamed aluminum on the two sides of the paper honeycomb is 20mm and 10mm respectively.
The foamed aluminum is connected to the sandwich layer by adopting an adhesive bonding method.
The adhesive bonding method selects the adhesive with the normal-temperature shear strength not lower than 15MPa, and can meet the use requirement.
The bonding pressure of the adhesive bonding method is kept between 0.15 and 0.2Mpa, and the pressurizing time is more than 120 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the structural strength of the large plate of the military shelter is improved, and the mechanical property of the sandwich core material is improved to about 3MPa from the current 0.25 MPa;
2) the anti-explosion and anti-hole penetration capability of the military shelter is improved, and the anti-explosion performance is improved by more than three times of that of the conventional shelter plate;
3) the problem that the large polyurethane plate square cabin cannot be installed anywhere on the cabin is solved;
4) because the composite multilayer foamed aluminum sandwich board is designed, the heat transfer problem of the cabin board of the sandwich board made of foamed aluminum is solved. Compared with the equivalent thermal conductivity of the foamed aluminum alloy measured at 25 degrees of 2.56-3.7W/(m.K), the thermal conductivity of the foamed aluminum and paper honeycomb composite board is 0.074W/(m.K), and the thermal conductivity of the foamed aluminum composite board is greatly lower than that of the foamed aluminum.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the deformation tendency of a composite panel under blast impact;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of an aluminum foam interlayer;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the bonding and forming process of the large plate structure of the aluminum foam shelter;
in the figure, 1-upper panel, 2-foamed aluminum, 3-sandwich, 4-foamed aluminum and 5-lower panel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and examples, which include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
In order to use the foamed aluminum, the structural form of an aluminum plate with the thickness of 50mm of the core material and the thickness of 1.5mm of the panel of the composite sandwich board of the military shelter is used for reference, and two layers of foamed aluminum plates are compounded on the honeycomb core/polyurethane foam, so that on one hand, the weight is reduced, and the heat insulation effect can be obtained; on the other hand, the composite board can also have certain impact resistance. The concrete structure is shown in figure 1.
Considering that the compression performance of the aramid fiber paper honeycomb and the polyurethane foam are different, the linear elasticity peak value of 1.5MPa is larger than the linear elasticity peak value of 0.4MPa when the paper honeycomb is compressed, and the paper honeycomb has stronger compression resistance, so the paper honeycomb is preferably used as the material of the intermediate sandwich layer.
According to the requirements of JB/T12437-2015 Movable hard rescue capsule for underground coal mines, the capsule body has sufficient strength and air tightness, the impact resistance pressure of the capsule body is not lower than 0.3MPa, and the load action time is 300 ms. According to the above indexes, the optimal combination form of the composite board is discussed.
The ABAQUS finite element software is adopted for calculation, as shown in figure 2, the composite board is firstly compressed under the explosion impact of 0.3MPa, and then the material rebounds. Polyurethane foam (PU) rebounds up to 12.5mm, and the core material is inevitably broken under the action of tensile force; the foamed aluminum and paper honeycomb composite board is only rebounded by 3-4mm, and the core material cannot be broken. The difference between the impact deformation effect (3mm) of 25mm foamed aluminum, 10mm paper honeycomb and 15mm foamed aluminum and the impact deformation effect (4mm) of 20mm foamed aluminum, 20mm paper honeycomb and 10mm foamed aluminum is not large.
Analysis shows that under the action of explosion pressure and explosion impact, energy absorption is needed to ensure the stability of the structure. The thicker the foamed aluminum is, the better the energy absorption effect is; the better the energy absorption effect, the more stable the structure. Obviously, the impact resistance of the foamed aluminum composite plate is at least 4 times that of the original polyurethane composite plate. Therefore, under the action of explosion pressure, the foamed aluminum multilayer composite plate has better dynamic response.
Next, the thermal conductivity of the composite laminates was estimated after selecting paper honeycombs as the intermediate sandwich material. According to the calculation formula of the thermal conductivity of the composite laminated plate,
wherein δ represents a material thickness (mm); λ represents the material thermal conductivity (W/m.k).
According to the formula, the thickness of the paper honeycomb is 20mm, the thermal conductivity of the composite board reaches about 2% of that of the foam rate board, and the subsequent curve change is almost zero by adopting the relevant physical parameter calculation. Therefore, the thickness of the paper honeycomb is reasonably selected to be 20 mm.
Therefore, in order to use foamed aluminum, based on the structural form of an aluminum plate with 50mm of core material thickness and 1.5mm of panel thickness of the military shelter composite sandwich board, two layers of 20mm and 10mm foamed aluminum plates are compounded on 20mm aramid fiber paper honeycomb core foam respectively. Therefore, the heat insulation and impact resistance effect can be achieved, and the effect of reducing the cost of the large plate can be achieved.
The foamed aluminum sandwich board is prepared by adopting an adhesive joint method. The gluing method belongs to a physical connection method, and the gluing combination has the advantages that a fastening piece and a fastening hole are not needed, the weight of the connecting piece can be reduced, and the stress distribution of a bonding area is relatively consistent. Furthermore, the adhesive bond may increase the overall level of damping. The method has simple process, high precision of the final product and no need of putting into new forming equipment.
For the selection of the adhesive, a high strength structural adhesive is considered. Through screening, according to GB/T7124-.
The composite large plate is very difficult to ensure to be flat due to the large bonding area, uneven thicknesses of the structural part and the glue coating layer, large-breadth aluminum plate waviness, and the frame beam possibly has distortion deformation, so that proper pressure is selected during gluing. Practice proves that: the method is suitable for keeping the bonding pressure of the large area of the composite large plate at 0.15-0.2MPa, and a heating workbench measure is needed, so that the method is the only way for improving the curing speed of the adhesive and improving the production benefit.
The pressing time is the time for continuously pressing the whole large plate into the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity of the pressing machine so as to obtain enough curing strength, and is determined according to the curing condition of the adhesive. And finally, the pressurizing time of the selected adhesive is more than 120 min.
The foamed aluminum sandwich board is mounted everywhere, namely after the composite sandwich board is pressed, a hole is formed in a specific position of the composite sandwich board, an insert is placed, pouring sealant is injected, a specific threaded hole is formed in the position after curing, and corresponding equipment can be mounted. The structure can be conveniently installed anywhere, and the installation position can be changed at will even if the design is modified after the plate is manufactured; the composite plate can also be installed on a composite plate without a reinforcing beam and a frame.
The problems of air exhaust, flow guide and the like in the glue injection process need to be considered for mounting and fixing the mounting pieces everywhere. Therefore, the exhaust guide groove is reserved when the insert is designed so as to solve the problems of exhaust, flow guide and the like in the glue injection process. The structural form of the everywhere mounting part is shown in figure 3.
The performance indexes of the large plate structure of the foamed aluminum square cabin with the porosity of 90 percent are as follows:
the compression strength of the foamed aluminum composite board is as follows: 3.06 MPa;
bending strength of the foamed aluminum composite plate: 5.16 MPa;
tensile strength of the foamed aluminum composite board: 2 MPa;
the thermal conductivity of the foamed aluminum and paper honeycomb composite board is 0.074W/(m.K), and the density is 0.18Kg/cm3;
The pull-out strength of the embedded part of the foamed aluminum sandwich structure reaches 14 KN.
The foamed aluminum shelter large plate structure and the bonding forming process comprise the following specific working steps:
1) blanking a double-layer aluminum plate panel, double-layer foamed aluminum and aramid fiber paper honeycomb core;
2) preparing a foamed aluminum sandwich plate by adopting an adhesive bonding method;
3) pouring sealant after an insert is installed in a hole at a specific position of the sandwich board;
4) and installing corresponding equipment on the special threaded hole formed by the insert.
Claims (8)
1. The shelter composite foamed aluminum sandwich plate structure comprises a sandwich layer and foamed aluminum, and is characterized in that the sandwich layer is made of paper honeycombs, and the foamed aluminum is attached to two sides of the sandwich layer.
2. The shelter composite aluminum foam sandwich panel structure of claim 1 further comprising face sheets respectively mounted on the sides of the aluminum foam remote from the sandwich layer.
3. The shelter composite aluminum foam sandwich panel structure of claim 1, further comprising an insert, wherein the insert is a columnar structure with a threaded hole open at one end; the insert penetrates through the foamed aluminum and the sandwich layer on at least one side, is arranged in the sandwich plate structure, and is fixedly connected with the sandwich plate through pouring sealant; an exhaust guide groove is reserved on the side wall of the insert and used for exhaust and guide in the glue injection process.
4. The shelter syntactic aluminum foam sandwich panel structure of claim 1, wherein said paper honeycomb has a thickness selected to be 20 mm.
5. The shelter composite aluminum foam sandwich panel structure of claim 1 wherein the aluminum foam thickness on both sides of the paper honeycomb is 20mm and 10mm, respectively.
6. The shelter composite aluminum foam sandwich panel structure of claim 1 wherein said aluminum foam is adhesively bonded to the sandwich layer.
7. The shelter composite foamed aluminum sandwich plate structure of claim 1, wherein the adhesive bonding method selects an adhesive with a normal temperature shear strength of not less than 15MPa, so as to meet the use requirement.
8. The shelter composite aluminum foam sandwich panel structure of claim 1 wherein the bonding pressure of the gluing process is maintained at 0.15-0.2Mpa and the pressing time is greater than 120 min.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN116001386A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-04-25 | 江苏拓米洛高端装备股份有限公司 | Sound insulation device and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (8)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US6183837B1 (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 2001-02-06 | Tae Bong Kim | Soundproof aluminum honeycomb-foam panel |
CN105065896A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Closed-cell aluminum foam sandwich mounting board of load-carrying structure |
CN105774134A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-07-20 | 苏州珍展科技材料有限公司 | Foam aluminum composite sandwich panel and preparation method thereof |
CN106381116A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-08 | 西安长峰机电研究所 | Special bonding agent for square cabin big plate bonding and preparation method thereof |
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CN116001386B (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-10-27 | 江苏拓米洛高端装备股份有限公司 | Sound insulation device and preparation method and application thereof |
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