CN112404898A - Machining method of thin-wall part - Google Patents
Machining method of thin-wall part Download PDFInfo
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- CN112404898A CN112404898A CN202011222730.8A CN202011222730A CN112404898A CN 112404898 A CN112404898 A CN 112404898A CN 202011222730 A CN202011222730 A CN 202011222730A CN 112404898 A CN112404898 A CN 112404898A
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- thin
- wall part
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- inner hole
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for processing a thin-wall part, which comprises the following steps: s1, rough machining of blanks; s2, reinforcing the rigidity of the blank; s3, secondary rough machining; s4, fine machining of non-thin-wall parts; s5, reinforcing the rigidity of the semi-finished part; s6, semi-finishing the thin-wall part; and S7, finishing the thin-wall part. The thin-wall part processing method has reasonable process arrangement and high working efficiency, can effectively reduce the problem of processing deformation of the thin-wall part, improves the dimensional stability of the thin-wall part, and ensures the processing quality of the thin-wall part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thin-wall part machining, in particular to a thin-wall part machining method.
Background
With the development and progress of science and technology in China, the manufacturing technology of mechanical parts is continuously updated and advanced. The thin-wall part has the characteristics of light weight and material saving, but also has the defect of lower rigidity. At present, numerical control turning is mostly adopted for machining thin-wall parts, and before machining, the thin-wall parts can be subjected to various tests such as clamping, parameter measurement, programming and the like, so that the phenomena of deformation and fracture in the machining process of the thin-wall parts are improved. When the thin-wall part is finely processed, the cutting heat generated in the processing easily causes the thermal deformation of the thin-wall part, and affects the dimensional precision, and the cutting heat is easy to generate vibration and deformation under the action of the cutting back force, and affects the dimensional precision, the surface roughness, the form and position precision and the like of the thin-wall part, so that the processing quality of the thin-wall part is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention aims to provide the thin-wall part processing method which is reasonable in process arrangement and high in working efficiency, can effectively reduce the problem of processing deformation of the thin-wall part, improves the dimensional stability of the thin-wall part and ensures the processing quality of the thin-wall part.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for processing a thin-wall part comprises the following steps: s1, rough machining of the blank: roughly turning the blank according to the product outline, and sufficiently placing machining allowance; s2, reinforcing blank rigidity: carrying out heat treatment on the blank after rough turning, and then carrying out liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment; s3, secondary rough machining: carrying out rough turning on the blank subjected to liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment again, and enabling the machining allowance of each part to be uniform; s4, fine machining of non-thin-wall parts: dividing the blank after the secondary rough machining into a thin-wall part and a non-thin-wall part according to the shape of the product, and carrying out finish turning on the non-thin-wall part to obtain a semi-finished part; s5, reinforcing the rigidity of the semi-finished part: performing liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment on the semi-finished parts; s6, semi-finishing the thin-wall part: clamping the non-thin-wall part of the semi-finished part by using a clamp, and performing semi-finish turning on an inner hole of the thin-wall part, wherein a machining allowance is reserved; s7, fine machining of thin-wall parts: and (4) respectively carrying out finish machining on the excircle and the inner hole of the thin-wall part so as to enable the size of the thin-wall part to meet the tolerance requirement.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, the machining precision of the thin-wall part is improved through the matching of the working procedures of multiple times of rough machining, segmented machining, semi-finish machining and finish machining; by carrying out heat treatment and liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment on the blank in the step S2, the residual stress of the thin-wall part in the front-section process can be effectively reduced, the material structure and the components are uniform, the deformation of the blank in the subsequent processing process is reduced, and the heat treatment and the liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment are arranged between two times of rough machining instead of before the first rough machining, so that the waste of treatment resources can be effectively avoided, and the treatment efficiency is improved; because the thin-wall part is the main part of deformation in the machining process, before the thin-wall part is subjected to finish machining, the part is subjected to liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment again in the step S5, the rigidity of the thin-wall part can be effectively enhanced, the deformation of the thin-wall part is reduced, the size of the thin-wall part is more stable, and the subsequent finish machining operation is facilitated.
In step S2, the heat treatment is performed by low temperature annealing, and the blank is slowly heated to 110-.
Further, in step S2, the liquid nitrogen subzero treatment is to put the blank after heat treatment into a freezer, and after heat preservation is carried out for 3-5 hours at-180 ℃ under liquid nitrogen, air cooling is carried out to room temperature.
Further, in step S4, after the non-thin portion is finish-turned, the surface of the non-thin portion is polished. Because the non-thin-wall part is used as a reference standard when the thin-wall part is machined, burrs on the surface of the non-thin-wall part can be removed through polishing treatment, and the flatness of a reference surface is ensured.
Further, in step S6, the machining allowance is 0.3 mm. The allowance of the proper machining allowance can provide machining amount for subsequent finish machining.
Further, step S7 includes turning a core column matching the inner bore, and performing finish turning on the outer circle with the inner bore positioned; and then positioning the inner hole by using an outer circle and carrying out finish turning on the inner hole.
Further, in step S7, before the outer circle is turned, the inner hole needs to be ground to ensure the positioning accuracy of the inner hole.
Further, in step S7, before the finish turning of the inner hole, a soft rubber tube is further used to wrap the outer circle of the thin-walled portion to reduce the vibration generated during the finish turning. The vibration generated when the parts rotate at high speed can be reduced by wrapping the soft rubber tube, the processing precision is improved, and meanwhile, the processing noise can be reduced to a certain degree.
Further, in step S7, after the inner hole is finish turned, the inner hole needs to be ground to meet the tolerance requirement. Through the mode of grinding, the size precision of the inner hole can be guaranteed, and the verticality of the inner hole can be improved.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided to enable those skilled in the art to more readily understand the advantages and features of the present invention, and to clearly and unequivocally define the scope of the present invention.
Examples
The invention relates to a method for processing a thin-wall part, which comprises the following steps:
s1, rough machining of the blank: roughly turning the blank according to the product outline, and placing enough machining allowance for subsequent machining;
s2, reinforcing blank rigidity: performing heat treatment on the rough turned blank, and then performing liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment to adjust the performance states of the blank such as strength, hardness and the like so as to ensure the dimensional stability of the blank in subsequent processing; wherein, the heat treatment adopts a low-temperature annealing mode, firstly, the blank is slowly heated to 110-170 ℃, and is kept warm for 2-4h, then, the blank is cooled to 80-85 ℃ in a furnace, and then, the blank is air-cooled to the room temperature; the liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment comprises the steps of putting the blank subjected to heat treatment into a freezing box, preserving heat for 3-5 hours at the temperature of-180 ℃ under liquid nitrogen, and then cooling the blank to room temperature in air;
s3, secondary rough machining: carrying out rough turning on the blank subjected to liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment again, and enabling the machining allowance of each part to be uniform, wherein the machining allowance is controlled to be 0.8-1.2 mm;
s4, fine machining of non-thin-wall parts: dividing the blank after the secondary rough machining into a thin-wall part and a non-thin-wall part according to the shape of the product, performing finish turning on the non-thin-wall part, and then performing polishing treatment on the surface of the non-thin-wall part to remove burrs, thereby finally obtaining a semi-finished part;
s5, reinforcing the rigidity of the semi-finished part: performing liquid nitrogen subzero treatment on the semi-finished parts, wherein the specific operation of the liquid nitrogen subzero treatment can refer to the step S2;
s6, semi-finishing the thin-wall part: clamping the non-thin-wall part of the semi-finished part by using a clamp, performing semi-finish turning on an inner hole of the thin-wall part, and reserving a machining allowance of 0.3 mm;
s7, fine machining of thin-wall parts: and (4) respectively carrying out finish machining on the excircle and the inner hole of the thin-wall part so as to enable the size of the thin-wall part to meet the tolerance requirement.
Specifically, step S7 includes turning a core column matching the inner bore, and performing finish turning on the outer circle with the inner bore positioned; and then positioning the outer circle, carrying out finish turning on the inner hole by the upper end part of the outer circle included by the soft rubber tube, and enabling the size of the inner hole to meet the tolerance requirement in a grinding mode at the final stage of carrying out finish turning on the inner hole.
Because during actual processing, the tolerance range of excircle, hole is less, consequently, before interior hole location carries out finish turning to the excircle, the accessible is to the grinding of hole in order to guarantee the precision of hole location.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: firstly, the machining precision of the thin-wall part is improved through the matching of the working procedures of multiple times of rough machining, segmented machining, semi-finish machining and finish machining; by carrying out heat treatment and liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment on the blank in the step S2, the residual stress of the thin-wall part in the front-section process can be effectively reduced, the material structure and the components are uniform, the deformation of the blank in the subsequent processing process is reduced, and the heat treatment and the liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment are arranged between two times of rough machining instead of before the first rough machining, so that the waste of treatment resources can be effectively avoided, and the treatment efficiency is improved; because the thin-wall part is the main part of deformation in the machining process, before the thin-wall part is subjected to finish machining, the part is subjected to liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment again through the step S5, the rigidity of the thin-wall part can be effectively enhanced, the deformation of the thin-wall part is reduced, the size of the thin-wall part is more stable, and the subsequent finish machining operation is facilitated; in step S7, the vibration generated when the component rotates at high speed can be reduced by wrapping the soft rubber tube, the machining precision is improved, and the machining noise can be reduced to a certain extent; and the size precision of the inner hole can be ensured by a grinding mode, and the verticality of the inner hole can be improved.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for processing a thin-wall part is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: s1, rough machining of the blank: roughly turning the blank according to the product outline, and sufficiently placing machining allowance; s2, reinforcing blank rigidity: carrying out heat treatment on the blank after rough turning, and then carrying out liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment; s3, secondary rough machining: carrying out rough turning on the blank subjected to liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment again, and enabling the machining allowance of each part to be uniform; s4, fine machining of non-thin-wall parts: dividing the blank after the secondary rough machining into a thin-wall part and a non-thin-wall part according to the shape of the product, and carrying out finish turning on the non-thin-wall part to obtain a semi-finished part; s5, reinforcing the rigidity of the semi-finished part: performing liquid nitrogen cryogenic treatment on the semi-finished parts; s6, semi-finishing the thin-wall part: clamping the non-thin-wall part of the semi-finished part by using a clamp, and performing semi-finish turning on an inner hole of the thin-wall part, wherein a machining allowance is reserved; s7, fine machining of thin-wall parts: and (4) respectively carrying out finish machining on the excircle and the inner hole of the thin-wall part so as to enable the size of the thin-wall part to meet the tolerance requirement.
2. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, the heat treatment is performed by low temperature annealing, in which the blank is slowly heated to 110-.
3. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, the liquid nitrogen subzero treatment is to put the blank after heat treatment into a freezing box, preserve heat for 3-5h at-180 ℃ under liquid nitrogen, and cool the blank to room temperature by air.
4. A method of processing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: in step S4, after the non-thin-walled portion is finish-turned, the surface of the non-thin-walled portion is polished.
5. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S6, the machining allowance is 0.3 mm.
6. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S7 includes turning a core column matched with the inner hole, and positioning the inner hole to finish turning the excircle; and then positioning the inner hole by using an outer circle and carrying out finish turning on the inner hole.
7. The process of claim 6, wherein: in step S7, before the outer circle is finish turned, the inner hole is ground to ensure the positioning accuracy of the inner hole.
8. The process of claim 6, wherein: in step S7, before finish turning the inner hole, a soft rubber tube is further used to wrap the outer circle of the thin-walled portion to reduce the vibration generated during the finish turning process.
9. The process of claim 8, wherein: in step S7, after the inner hole is finish turned, the inner hole needs to be ground to meet the tolerance requirement.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011222730.8A CN112404898A (en) | 2020-11-05 | 2020-11-05 | Machining method of thin-wall part |
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| CN202011222730.8A CN112404898A (en) | 2020-11-05 | 2020-11-05 | Machining method of thin-wall part |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114248067A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-03-29 | 航天科工哈尔滨风华有限公司 | Method for processing high-hardness thin-wall stainless steel plate type control surface |
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| CN109604957A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-12 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空精密机械研究所 | A kind of processing method of the open thin-wall titanium alloy part of high-precision configuration |
| CN110860862A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-06 | 横店集团英洛华电气有限公司 | Thin-wall sleeve processing technology |
| CN111037226A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-21 | 北京精密机电控制设备研究所 | Processing method of titanium alloy thin-wall part |
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- 2020-11-05 CN CN202011222730.8A patent/CN112404898A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
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| KR20120022350A (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2012-03-12 | 이화다이아몬드공업 주식회사 | Apparatus for manufacturing cutting tool by cryogenic treatment |
| CN103240575A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-08-14 | 西安北方光电科技防务有限公司 | Method for improving sheet annular titanium alloy gear part machining precision |
| CN106363292A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2017-02-01 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | Processing method for light-weight thin-wall hub and related clamping device |
| CN108274202A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-07-13 | 苏州市意可机电有限公司 | A kind of processing technology of deep hole thin-wall part |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114248067A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-03-29 | 航天科工哈尔滨风华有限公司 | Method for processing high-hardness thin-wall stainless steel plate type control surface |
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Application publication date: 20210226 |