CN112401832A - 使用具有漫射元件的光纤进行的脑凝块表征 - Google Patents

使用具有漫射元件的光纤进行的脑凝块表征 Download PDF

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CN112401832A
CN112401832A CN202010848577.3A CN202010848577A CN112401832A CN 112401832 A CN112401832 A CN 112401832A CN 202010848577 A CN202010848577 A CN 202010848577A CN 112401832 A CN112401832 A CN 112401832A
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optical
brain
optical fiber
blood vessel
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A·戈瓦里
C·T·贝克勒
A·帕帕约安努
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Abstract

本发明题为“使用具有漫射元件的光纤进行的脑凝块表征”。本发明提供了一种医疗系统,其包括探头、光电测量单元和处理器。该探头被配置用于插入到脑的血管中,并且包括两根光纤,该两根光纤各自包括在其远侧端部处的光学漫射器。一根光纤被配置成将光信号引导到沿血管的位置并且使该光信号漫射,以便与血管中的脑凝块进行交互。另一根光纤被配置成在沿血管的另一个位置处收集与脑凝块进行交互的漫射光信号。该光电测量单元被配置成将光信号传输到一根光纤,并且接收和测量来自另一根光纤的漫射光信号。该处理器被配置成通过分析所测量的漫射光信号来识别脑凝块的成分。

Description

使用具有漫射元件的光纤进行的脑凝块表征
技术领域
本发明整体涉及侵入式医疗探头,并且具体地涉及用于脑血管应用的导管。
背景技术
各种类型的医疗探头包括光学元件。例如,美国专利申请公布2008/0300493描述了用于检测血管中的血凝块的装置和相关方法。光学微探头被配置成用对应于电磁光谱的近红外部分的电磁辐射来照射血管。光学微探头具有一对光纤股线,所述一对光纤股线被配置用于透射光谱以获得由血管内的组分产生的吸收光谱。相应地,光纤股线的远侧端部定位成沿直径相对的构型。因为血液凝块产生可检测且独特的光谱,所以通过检查血管吸收光谱来确定是否存在血液凝块。专门设计的保持器被配置成相对于血管稳定地定位光学微探头,并且用于促进沿血管长度的精确血凝块检测。
又如,美国专利申请公布2016/0022146描述了可插入成像装置及其在微创医疗规程中的使用方法。在一些实施方案中,成像装置被集成到接入端口中,从而允许在接入端口附近对内部组织进行成像,同时例如使得能够在感兴趣的外科手术区域中操纵外科工具。在其他实施方案中,成像装置被集成到能够插入到接入端口中的成像套筒中。成像方法可基于但不限于光学成像,诸如超光谱成像和光学相干断层成像。在一个实施方案中,可在光纤或光导的远侧端部处利用光漫射器来提供定向均匀的照明光。
美国专利8,029,766描述了可用于可视化内表面(例如血管的内腔)的探头型成像装置。具体地,探头型装置在存在或不存在分子成像剂的情况下尤其可用于直接组织成像。在一个实施方案中,光漫射器可用于将适当频率的照明光从导管递送到血管壁。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个实施方案,提供了一种医疗系统,其包括探头、光电测量单元和处理器。探头被配置用于插入到脑的血管中,并且包括(a)第一光纤,该第一光纤包括在其远侧端部处的第一光学漫射器,并且该第一光纤被配置成将光信号引导到沿血管的第一位置并且使光信号漫射以便与血管中的脑凝块进行交互,和(b)第二光纤,该第二光纤包括在其远侧端部处的第二光学漫射器,并且该第二光纤被配置成在沿血管的不同于第一位置的第二位置处收集与脑凝块进行交互的漫射光信号。电光测量单元被配置成将光信号传输到第一光纤,并且接收和测量来自第二光纤的漫射光信号。该处理器被配置成通过分析所测量的漫射光信号来识别脑凝块的成分。
在一些实施方案中,处理器还被配置成输出用于选择与脑凝块的成分相匹配的脑凝块移除方法的推荐。
在一些实施方案中,处理器被配置成通过区分漫射光信号中的吸收相关分量和散射相关分量来分析所测量的漫射光信号。
在一个实施方案中,第一光学漫射器的第一位置比第二光学漫射器的第二位置处于更远侧。在另一个实施方案中,第一光学漫射器的第一位置比第二光学漫射器的第二位置处于更近侧。
在一些实施方案中,探头还包括工作通道。在其他实施方案中,探头还包括不透射线的标记物。
根据本发明的实施方案,还提供了一种方法,该方法包括将探头插入到脑的血管中,该探头包括(a)第一光纤,该第一光纤包括在其远侧端部处的第一光学漫射器,并且该第一光纤被配置成将光信号引导到沿血管的第一位置并且使光信号漫射以便与血管中的脑凝块进行交互,和(b)第二光纤,该第二光纤包括在其远侧端部处的第二光学漫射器,并且该第二光纤被配置成在沿血管的不同于第一位置的第二位置处收集与脑凝块进行交互的漫射光信号。
光信号被传输到第一光纤,并且从第二光纤接收并测量漫射光信号。通过分析所测量的漫射光信号来识别该脑凝块的成分。
在一些实施方案中,该方法还包括基于所识别的成分来消除凝块。
根据本发明的实施方案,还提供了一种用于插入到脑的血管中的医疗探头,该探头包括(a)第一光纤,该第一光纤包括在其远侧端部处的第一光学漫射器,并且该第一光纤被配置成将光信号引导到沿血管的第一位置并且使光信号漫射以便与血管中的脑凝块进行交互,和(b)第二光纤,该第二光纤包括在其远侧端部处的第二光学漫射器,并且该第二光纤被配置成在沿血管的不同于第一位置的第二位置处收集与脑凝块进行交互的漫射光信号。
结合附图,通过以下对本发明的实施方案的详细描述,将更全面地理解本发明,其中:
附图说明
图1A和图1B是根据本发明的实施方案的基于导管的凝块成分分析和移除系统的示意性图解;
图2是根据本发明的一个实施方案的脑凝块和导管的示意性剖视图;并且
图3是根据本发明的一个实施方案的示意性地示出用于使用漫射光进行凝块成分分析的方法和后续的凝块移除方法的选择的流程图。
具体实施方式
概述
缺血性中风通常是由脑的大血管中的阻塞凝块引起的,是一种紧急医疗病症。凝块成分可例如从大量光纤蛋白(通常使凝块相对坚固和坚硬)到大量红血球(其通常形成相对凝胶状且柔韧的凝块)变化。凝块的这种不同成分影响其若干特性,包括光学特性和机械特性。成功消除凝块可取决于选择最适于接合特定凝块成分的技术。因此,重要的是在尝试移除凝块之前分析凝块成分。
用于分析和识别脑凝块的成分以指示凝块特性的基于非漫射光纤的系统和方法描述于2018年8月7日提交的名称为“Brain Clot Characterization Using OpticalSignal Analysis,and Corresponding Stent Selection”的美国专利申请16/057,189中,该专利申请被转让给本专利申请的受让人并且其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。术语“凝块的成分”在本文中是指凝块和/或构成凝块的元素的各种化学特性、生物特性和/或物理特性。
下文所述的本发明的实施方案提供了用于增强对围绕光纤的3D区域中的脑凝块成分的测量和分析的基于光漫射信号的系统和方法。在一些实施方案中,探头包括两个光学通道,诸如光纤(也称为光纤-FO),其具有被处理或添加到其远侧端部的相应光漫射元件。一根光纤发射漫射光,并且另一根光纤在漫射光与凝块成分交互之后收集并引导漫射光。
两个漫射器是交错的,即,它们彼此不相邻,如下所述。交错的漫射器可(a)使得信号分析单元能够区分凝块成分的吸收和散射特性,从而添加关于凝块成分的更多信息,并且(b)从围绕FO端部的增加的3D区域获得信号,使得该信号可更有效地表示凝块的本体成分。因此,交错的漫射器的使用可增加用于分析和识别脑凝块的成分的基于光纤的系统和方法的灵敏度和特异性。
应当理解,通过涉及两个光学通道(例如,两根光纤),本发明所公开的描述涵盖使用多于两根光纤;即,使用第一多根照明光纤和第二多根收集光纤(数量上不一定等于照明光纤),其中所有光纤均包括漫射元件。每个多根光纤可相对于探头的远侧端部以各种交错构型布置。
在一些实施方案中,光信号由更远侧的漫射器和光纤发射,并且由更近侧的漫射器和光纤收集。在另选的实施方案中,光纤的作用可以改变,即,光信号由更近侧的漫射器和光纤发射,并且由更远侧的漫射器和光纤收集。
光纤在其近侧端部处耦接到光电测量单元,该光电测量单元收集并测量与凝块交互的漫射光信号以及光纤中的一根光纤的输出。该单元将所测量的信号数字化,并将数字信号输出到处理器,该处理器分析数字信号以识别凝块的成分。在一些实施方案中,处理器还被配置成输出用于选择与脑凝块的所识别的成分相匹配的脑凝块移除技术的推荐。
在一个实施方案中,提供了一种医疗系统,该医疗系统包括用于插入到脑的血管中的探头,该探头包括(a)第一光纤,该第一光纤包括在其远侧端部处的第一光学漫射器,并且该第一光纤被配置成将光信号引导到沿血管的第一位置并且使光信号漫射以便与血管中的脑凝块进行交互,和(b)第二光纤,该第二光纤包括在其远侧端部处的第二光学漫射器,并且该第二光纤被配置成在沿血管的不同于第一位置的第二位置处收集与脑凝块进行交互的漫射光信号。该医疗系统还包括(i)光电测量单元,该光电测量单元被配置成将光信号传输到第一光纤,并且接收和测量来自第二光纤的漫射光信号,以及(ii)处理器,该处理器被配置成通过分析所测量的漫射光信号来识别脑凝块的成分。
通常,处理器被编程在包含特定算法的软件中,该特定算法使得处理器能够执行上述处理器相关步骤和功能中的每一个。
本发明所公开的探头还包括一个或多个工作通道,该一个或多个工作通道可(i)耦接到冲洗/抽吸处理单元,被配置成通过冲洗来溶解凝块,和/或通过吸出抽吸将其移除,和/或(ii)用于推进凝块移除装置(诸如支架取栓器),以插入到血管中以收回凝块。
通过使用体积漫射光信号,本发明所公开的用于分析凝块成分的系统和方法可通过允许医师选择被定制成移除某种类型凝块的装置来改善用于移除脑凝块的医疗紧急导管插入手术的临床结果。
系统描述
图1A和图1B是根据本发明的实施方案的基于导管的凝块成分分析和移除系统20a和20b的示意性图解。
在一些实施方案中,在执行导管插入手术之前,采集患者22的CT图像。CT图像被存储在存储器42中,以供处理器40后续检索。处理器使用图像以在显示器56上呈现(例如)显示凝块的脑部分图像59。在另一个实施方案中,在本发明所公开的导管插入手术期间,系统20a和20b将导管28的远侧端部的位置配准在患者的脑内,其中患者32的脑图像的参照系(本文以举例的方式假定)包括实时荧光镜图像。使用磁跟踪子系统23跟踪导管远侧端部的位置,该磁跟踪子系统跟踪装配在远侧端部处的磁传感器的空间坐标。
使用磁位置跟踪子系统23,医师54通过血管(通常为动脉)将导管28的远侧端部推进到凝块,以便能够诊断凝块的类型,并且任选地执行对应的治疗手术以移除凝块。在本发明的一些实施方案中,在导管28中包括工作通道71,凝块移除装置诸如凝块移除支架、支架取栓器可通过该工作通道插入。另选地或除此之外,系统诸如冲洗/抽吸凝块移除系统可耦接到工作通道71。冲洗/抽吸凝块移除系统在2018年11月15日提交的名称为“Catheterwith Irrigator and/or Aspirator and with Fiberoptic brain-clot Analyzer”的美国专利申请16/192,156中有所描述,该专利申请被转让给本专利申请的受让人,并且其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
在图1A所示的系统20a中,包括磁跟踪子系统23的位置垫24a被实现为放在患者32的颈部周围的衬圈。通过将位置垫24a放在颈部上,位置垫24a被配置成自动补偿患者头部移动。位置垫24a包括磁场辐射体26a,该磁场辐射体相对于患者32的头部固定在适当位置并且将正弦交变磁场传输到其中患者32的头部所在的区域30中。控制台50经由缆线25电驱动辐射体26a。在一个实施方案中,通过将参考传感器21附接到患者的前额来提供头部运动的进一步补偿。控制台50被配置成经由缆线27从参考传感器21接收信号。包括颈圈定位垫的位置跟踪系统在前述美国专利申请16/057,189中有所描述。
医师54、操作系统20a保持导管控制器柄部29,该导管控制器柄部连接到导管28的近侧端部。控制器29允许医师例如通过患者32的大腿动脉处的进入点22来推进并导航脑中的导管28。如上所述和下文所述,医师54使用来自装配在导管28的远侧端部处的磁位置传感器的位置信号来导航导管28的远侧端部。控制台50经由缆线19接收位置信号,该缆线将手柄29连接到导管28。
包括辐射体26a的系统20a的元件由系统处理器40控制,该系统处理器包括与一个或多个存储器通信的处理单元。处理器40可安装在控制台50中,该控制台包括操作控件58,该操作控件通常包括小键盘和/或指向装置,诸如鼠标或轨迹球。医师54在执行系统20a的配准时使用柄部29上的操作控件与处理器交互。在配准过程期间,在显示器56上呈现脑部分的图像59。上文描述了在配准过程之后,医师54使用操作控件将导管28的远侧端部推进到脑位置60,在那里凝块阻塞动脉。处理器在显示器56上呈现导管跟踪手术的结果。
处理器40使用存储在存储器42中的软件来操作系统20a。该软件可例如以电子形式通过网络下载到处理器40,或者可另选地或另外地,该软件可被提供和/或存储在非临时性有形介质诸如磁存储器、光学存储器或电子存储器上。具体地,处理器40运行如本文所公开的包括在图3中的专用算法,该专用算法使得处理器40能够执行本发明所公开的步骤,如下文进一步所述。
在本发明的一些实施方案中,光电测量单元55被包括在控制台50中。光电测量单元55被配置成使用光纤64b收集从光纤64a输出的漫射光信号,这两根光纤均包括在导管28中(统称为光纤64)。两个FO在缆线19中延伸到控制台50。然后,光电测量单元55将所收集的信号和所测量的信号传送至处理器40。基于所测量的信号分析,处理器40识别凝块的成分,如下文进一步详述。在一些实施方案中,处理器在显示器56上呈现所识别的凝块成分。
在一些实施方案中,如插图45中可见,光电测量单元55包括光学耦合器105,该光学耦合器可包括单色或宽带光源(未示出),诸如白炽灯、LED或激光二极管。例如,此类源可使用单色红光或白光照明凝块。对于凝块照明,耦合器105将光源耦合到光纤64a的近侧边缘中。耦合器105还被配置成将光纤64b的光信号输出(即,与凝块进行交互的漫射光)耦合到检测器110。检测器110将耦合的输出光信号转换成电模拟信号。模拟-数字转换电路115将模拟信号数字化,并且连接器120将数字化的信号传送到处理器40进行分析。在一个实施方案中,连接器120还被配置成将光电测量单元55连接到电源。
图1B中所示的系统20b具有不同的磁位置垫设计,即位置垫24b。如图所见,位置垫24b固定到床上,并且辐照器26b水平地围绕患者头枕。在该示例中,系统20b缺乏参考传感器21,因此必须使患者的头部固定以保持其不运动。一般来讲,系统20b的其它部件与系统20a的那些相同。使用与位置垫24b类似的位置垫的位置跟踪系统在2017年8月10日提交的名称为“ENT Image Registration”的美国专利申请15/674,380中,该专利申请被转让给本专利申请的受让人并且其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
图1A和图1B中所示的系统20a和20b完全是为了概念清晰而选择的。可包括其它系统元件,例如用于控制被设计用于确定凝块类型的诊断工具的柄部29上的附加控件。使用与由系统20a和系统20b所施加的技术类似的技术跟踪身体的器官中的磁位置传感器的位置和取向的
Figure BDA0002643926020000071
磁跟踪系统由Biosense-Webster,Irvine,California生产。
使用具有漫射元件的光纤进行的脑凝块表征
图2是根据本发明的一个实施方案的脑凝块66和导管28的示意性剖视图。如图所示,凝块66阻塞动脉34中的血流,其中在一些实施方案中,医师54将导管28在动脉34中朝远侧导航并推进到超过凝块66的位置。
导管28的远侧端部31包括磁位置传感器36,该磁位置传感器用于跟踪脑中的远侧端部31,以有助于将远侧端部31导航至凝块66。用于跟踪导管28并使其接合(例如,穿透或横穿)凝块66的系统和方法在2018年5月24日提交的名称为“POSITION SENSOR ON BRAIN-CLOT REMOVAL SHEATH AND LOCATION PAD COLLAR”的美国临时专利申请62/675,952和2019年1月15日提交的名称为“POSITION SENSOR ON BRAIN-CLOT REMOVAL SHEATH ANDLOCATION PAD COLLAR”的美国专利申请16/248,393中有所描述,这些专利申请被转让给本专利申请的受让人,并且其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
导管28包括光纤64a和64b以引导光信号。在一个实施方案中,光电测量单元55(如图1A和图1B所示)耦接光纤64a的近侧边缘以经由漫射器33a照明凝块66,并且经由漫射器33b和光纤64b收集所得的诊断光学信号以分析该信号。漫射器33a和33b可通过多种方法制备,诸如但不限于将光纤渐缩成顶端、使光纤表面粗糙化、和/或通过将漫射元件连接到光纤的远侧部分(包括将漫射元件连接到光纤的远侧发射/接纳边缘处)。
单元55还将分析出的信号传送至处理器40。处理器分析所传送的测量信号以识别凝块66的成分。使用光信号分析来表征脑凝块66的系统和方法描述于上文引用的美国专利申请16/057,189中。
如图2中可见,漫射器33a和33b是交错的,即,它们彼此不相邻,这允许系统区分凝块66的吸收和散射特性,如下所述。插图63示意性地示出了作为漫射器(诸如漫射器33a和33b)的角度的函数的到凝块66的耦合效率65,该漫射器用于传输或接收光波。如图所示,耦合效率65是广泛的,并且几乎涵盖对光波事故的所有检测。
漫射器的交错和添加可使得信号分析单元55和处理器40能够区分凝块成分吸收(在以下公式1中由μa表示)和成分散射特性(在以下公式1由μs表示)。在一个实施方案中,处理器40通过对μa和μs最佳拟合求解公式1来区分给定接收信号的吸收分量和散射分量。
公式1
Figure BDA0002643926020000081
其中Ψ(r,t)为光子通量率,S为光源项,c/n为凝块中光的速度,μa为在漫射器33a和33b之间采用直接线性轨迹的光的吸收系数,并且
Figure BDA0002643926020000082
为光子漫射系数,其中μs为散射系数,并且l为凝块66中的介于漫射器33a和33b之间的散射光子的平均自由路径。
在一些情况下,使用脉冲光源S(r,t)可导致可测量的非弹性光子散射,该非弹性光子散射产生与输出的波长不同的波长的信号,这可进一步增强本发明所公开的光学技术的指示能力。
在一些实施方案中,导管28包括具有通道开口72的工作通道71。如果如上所述的凝块成分测量和分析证实上述装置适于治疗所识别的凝块,则通道71可耦接到用于溶解和/或抽吸移除凝块的治疗单元。在光学测量和后续分析另外指示例如凝块太致密而不能抽吸的情况下,可经由工作通道71将不同的工具插入到有凝块的血管34中,诸如支架取栓器(未示出)。
最后,导管28包括不透射线的标记物75,用于使用基于X射线的成像模式诸如荧光镜透视检查(例如,使用C臂)和/或CT来跟踪其远侧端部。
图2所示的示例性例证完全是为了概念清晰而选择的。例如,在另一个实施方案中,漫射器33a和33b可位于光纤的远侧边缘的近侧和/或以不同方式交错。
图3是根据本发明的一个实施方案的示意性地示出用于凝块成分分析的方法和后续的凝块移除方法的选择的流程图。该过程开始于在导航步骤80处,医师54导航导管28以用导管远侧端部横穿凝块66。接着,在信号采集步骤82处,医师54操作包括导管28中的光传输/接收漫射器33a和33b的光学感测系统,以测量指示凝块66成分的漫射光信号。
接着,在凝块分析步骤84处,处理器40分析所测量的信号,以便识别凝块66的成分(即凝块的类型)。
接着,在消除技术选择步骤86处,基于所识别的凝块66的成分(处理器40可在显示器56上呈现给医师54),医师54选择用于从患者32的脑中消除凝块66的适合的凝块消除技术。在一些实施方案中,医师54选择溶解和/或抽吸或者支架取栓器来移除凝块66。最后,在凝块消除步骤88处,医师54使用所选择的脑凝块消除技术来消除凝块66。
图3中所示的示例性流程图完全是为了概念清晰而选择的。在另选的实施方案中,例如,基于来自处理器40的指示,医师54可选择由通过工作通道71插入的另一个凝块移除装置来移除凝块。
应当理解,上述实施方案以举例的方式被引用,并且本发明不限于上文具体示出和描述的内容。相反,本发明的范围包括上文描述的各种特征的组合和子组合以及它们的变型和修改,本领域的技术人员在阅读上述描述时将会想到该变型和修改,并且该变型和修改并未在现有技术中公开。以引用方式并入本专利申请的文献被视为本申请的整体部分,不同的是如果这些并入的文献中限定的任何术语与本说明书中明确或隐含地给出的定义相冲突,则应仅考虑本说明书中的定义。

Claims (15)

1.一种医疗系统,包括:
探头,所述探头用于插入到脑的血管中,所述探头包括:
第一光纤,所述第一光纤包括在其远侧端部处的第一光学漫射器,并且所述第一光纤被配置成将光信号引导到沿所述血管的第一位置并且使所述光信号漫射以便与所述血管中的脑凝块进行交互;以及
第二光纤,所述第二光纤包括在其远侧端部处的第二光学漫射器,并且所述第二光纤被配置成在沿所述血管的不同于所述第一位置的第二位置处收集与所述脑凝块进行交互的漫射光信号;
光电测量单元,所述光电测量单元被配置成将所述光信号传输到所述第一光纤,并且接收和测量来自所述第二光纤的所述漫射光信号;以及
处理器,所述处理器被配置成通过分析所测量的漫射光信号来识别所述脑凝块的成分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的医疗系统,其中所述处理器还被配置成输出用于选择与所述脑凝块的所述成分相匹配的脑凝块移除方法的推荐。
3.根据权利要求1所述的医疗系统,其中所述处理器被配置成通过区分所述漫射光信号中的吸收相关分量和散射相关分量来分析所测量的漫射光信号。
4.根据权利要求1所述的医疗系统,其中所述第一光学漫射器的所述第一位置比所述第二光学漫射器的所述第二位置处于更远侧。
5.根据权利要求1所述的医疗系统,其中所述第一光学漫射器的所述第一位置比所述第二光学漫射器的所述第二位置处于更近侧。
6.根据权利要求1所述的医疗系统,其中所述探头还包括工作通道。
7.根据权利要求1所述的医疗系统,其中所述探头还包括不透射线的标记物。
8.一种医疗方法,包括:
将探头插入到脑的血管中,所述探头包括:
第一光纤,所述第一光纤包括在其远侧端部处的第一光学漫射器,并且所述第一光纤被配置成将光信号引导到沿所述血管的第一位置并且使所述光信号漫射以便与所述血管中的脑凝块进行交互;以及
第二光纤,所述第二光纤包括在其远侧端部处的第二光学漫射器,并且所述第二光纤被配置成在沿所述血管的不同于所述第一位置的第二位置处收集与所述脑凝块进行交互的漫射光信号;
将所述光信号传输到所述第一光纤,并且接收和测量来自所述第二光纤的所述漫射光信号;以及
通过分析所测量的漫射光信号来识别所述脑凝块的成分。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,并且包括由所述处理器输出用于选择与所述脑凝块的所述成分相匹配的脑凝块移除方法的推荐。
10.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中分析所测量的漫射光信号包括区分所述漫射光信号中的吸收相关分量和散射相关分量。
11.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述第一光学漫射器的所述第一位置比所述第二光学漫射器的所述第二位置处于更远侧。
12.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述第一光学漫射器的所述第一位置比所述第二光学漫射器的所述第二位置处于更近侧。
13.根据权利要求8所述的方法,并且包括基于所识别的成分来消除所述凝块。
14.根据权利要求8所述的医疗系统,并且包括使用设置在所述探头上的不透射线的标记物来跟踪所述探头。
15.一种用于插入到脑的血管中的医疗探头,所述探头包括:
第一光纤,所述第一光纤包括在其远侧端部处的第一光学漫射器,并且所述第一光纤被配置成将光信号引导到沿所述血管的第一位置并且使所述光信号漫射以便与所述血管中的脑凝块进行交互;以及
第二光纤,所述第二光纤包括在其远侧端部处的第二光学漫射器,并且所述第二光纤被配置成在沿所述血管的不同于所述第一位置的第二位置处收集与所述脑凝块进行交互的漫射光信号。
CN202010848577.3A 2019-08-22 2020-08-21 使用具有漫射元件的光纤进行的脑凝块表征 Pending CN112401832A (zh)

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