CN112395776A - Natural gas gathering and transportation system pressurization point layout optimization method - Google Patents

Natural gas gathering and transportation system pressurization point layout optimization method Download PDF

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CN112395776A
CN112395776A CN202110078285.0A CN202110078285A CN112395776A CN 112395776 A CN112395776 A CN 112395776A CN 202110078285 A CN202110078285 A CN 202110078285A CN 112395776 A CN112395776 A CN 112395776A
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pressurization
gas
point layout
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layout
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麻宏强
徐咏棋
丁瑞祥
吴雪峰
罗新梅
张娜
徐青
李庆华
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East China Jiaotong University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for optimizing the layout of pressurization points of a natural gas gathering and transportation system. The pressurizing point layout preferred method comprises the following steps: determining an initial scheme according to flow rate, slug flow risk and pressure drop, and then establishing a pressurizing point layout optimization model based on a target layer, a criterion layer and a scheme layer by adopting a fuzzy hierarchical analysis method according to system energy efficiency, station level and other main technical and economic index parameters; judging a matrix scaling method by using a pressurizing point layout optimization criterion layer, and fuzzifying technical and economic indexes of each scheme according to a fuzzified comment set; according to the technical and economic index weight vectors, a comprehensive judgment mathematical model A.R = B based on a fuzzy principle is established, and finally an evaluation result is obtained through fuzzy matrix calculation. The method is used for optimizing the layout of the pressurization points, and meets the optimization requirement of the layout of the pressurization points of the pressurization gathering and transportation system of the high-sulfur-content gas field.

Description

Natural gas gathering and transportation system pressurization point layout optimization method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gathering and transportation of natural gas with high sulfur content, in particular to a method for optimizing the layout of pressurizing points of a natural gas gathering and transportation system.
Background
At present, a unified standard supercharging gathering and transportation mode is not formed in domestic gas fields, and each gas field selects a matched supercharging mode by combining various factors such as gas well development curves, pressure drop rates, pipe network characteristics and the like.
Through research, the current supercharging modes mainly include five supercharging modes, namely central station centralized supercharging, main line supercharging, regional supercharging, single station dispersed supercharging and combined supercharging. At present, the domestic gas field pressurization gathering and transportation cases are more, mainly sulfur-free gas fields, shale gas and low-sulfur natural gas (the content of hydrogen sulfide is about 2 percent), such as cattle land gas fields, Dongsheng gas fields, Fuling shale gas fields, China Petroleum northeast China gas fields and the like.
On one hand, the pressurization gathering and transportation mode of the high-sulfur gas field has uncertainty (well head pressurization, single line pressurization, gas collection master station pressurization and the like), the pressurization mode is selected, and the distribution of pressurization points is difficult to determine; on the other hand, different gas fields have high sulfur content and high later-stage water yield, and have high requirements on the flow speed in the pipe of the gathering and transportation system, the slug flow control and the safety of the supercharging equipment.
If the gathering and transportation pipe network is in a complex area, the relief height difference is large, so that the pressure drop of each pipe section and the difference of the flow velocity in the pipe are large, and the difficulty in determining the pressurizing gathering and transportation mode is large.
The invention solves the problems that the pressurization modes of the gas field gathering and transportation systems of different types are determined and the layout of the pressurization points is difficult to determine, and forms a set of specific and feasible pressurization point layout optimization method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a natural gas gathering and transportation system supercharging point layout optimization method, which is used for optimizing the natural gas gathering and transportation system supercharging point layout and meeting the engineering requirements of determining a high-sulfur-content natural gas supercharging mode and optimizing the supercharging point layout.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of establishing a pressurizing point layout optimization model based on a target layer, a standard layer, a scheme layer and a conclusion layer by adopting a fuzzy hierarchical analysis method so as to determine an optimal pressurizing point layout scheme; the pressurizing point layout is a preferred method and comprises the following steps.
S1: determining a natural gas gathering and transportation system pressurization mode; the pressurization mode mainly comprises sub-transmission centralized pressurization, mixed transmission centralized pressurization, gas-liquid sub-transmission regional pressurization and gas-liquid mixed transmission regional pressurization; the determination of the boost mode includes the steps of:
(1) determining operation, structural parameters, geological production allocation and the like; the operation parameters refer to the gas transmission quantity of the gathering and transportation system, the temperature and the components of the produced natural gas and the like; the structural parameters refer to the pipe diameter, the inclination angle, the height difference and the like of the natural gas gathering and transportation pipe network; the geological production allocation refers to the yield and the inlet pressure of a gas well;
(2) carrying out three-dimensional representation on the gathering and transportation pipe by adopting OLGA software, and establishing a pressurization mode physical model;
(3) determining whether the flow speed of the natural gas in the pipeline is less than or equal to 8m/s, wherein the flow speed of 8m/s is obtained by experiments;
the excessive flow velocity in the gathering and transportation pipeline can cause the damage of a coating in the pipeline and aggravate the corrosion of the pipe wall, so the flow velocity is not more than 8 m/s;
if the flow velocity is less than or equal to 8m/s, adopting centralized pressurization; further, the slug flow risk and the pressure drop are judged, and if the pipeline pressure drop is large or the slug flow risk exists, a separate-transmission centralized pressurization mode is adopted; if the pressure drop is small or no section plug flow risk exists, a mixed transportation centralized pressurization mode is adopted;
if the flow velocity is larger than 8m/s, firstly determining a pressurizing and decelerating pipe section, preliminarily determining a pressurizing mode, and further judging slug flow risk and pressure drop; if the pressure drop of the pipeline is large or the risk of slug flow exists, a gas-liquid separate transportation area pressurization mode is adopted; if the pressure drop is small or no section plug flow risk exists, a gas-liquid mixed conveying area pressurization mode is adopted;
(4) and further determining a preliminary scheme of the layout of the supercharging points.
S2: and establishing a pressurizing point layout optimal model based on a target layer, a standard layer, a scheme layer and a conclusion layer by adopting a fuzzy hierarchical analysis method. The target layer refers to an optimal scheme of pressurizing point layout; the criterion layer refers to main technical and economic indexes of the preliminary scheme of the layout of the plurality of supercharging points determined by S1, such as system energy efficiency, station level, gas transmission capacity, engineering investment, operating cost, compressor failure, the number of supercharging stations and the like; the scheme layer refers to a plurality of preliminary schemes of the layout of the supercharging points determined by S1; the conclusion layer is used for determining an optimal scheme from a plurality of preliminary schemes of the layout of the supercharging points.
S3: performing weight calculation on the main technical and economic indexes of the criterion layer in S2, and judging the matrix element a according to a consistent matrix methodijScaling; the matrix element aijThe result of comparing the importance of the element i with the importance of the element j is shown; the consistent matrix method is characterized in that all factors are not put together for comparison, but are compared with each other two by two, and relative scale is adopted to reduce the difficulty of comparing various factors with different properties as much as possible so as to improve the accuracy; as shown in table 1, scale 1 indicates that two factors are of equal importance compared; scale 3 indicates that two factors are compared, one factor being slightly more important than the other, and so on;
Figure 742865DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
matrix element aij=Ci:CjIs represented by CiThe technical economic index represented by CjThe degree of importance of the represented technical and economic indicators; judging matrix element aijMatrix elements a of different technical and economic indexesijListing to form an n multiplied by n judgment matrix;
Figure 490242DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
and then, adding the elements of each row column by column, and normalizing the obtained vector, thereby calculating the weight vector A of each technical and economic index.
S4: fuzzification processing is carried out on the main technical and economic indexes; according to the fuzzification comment set V = { excellent, good, medium, poor }, as shown in the following table, the blank of the table is the fuzzification comment set.
Figure 107168DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
S5: establishing a fuzzification matrix R for the main technical and economic indexes subjected to fuzzification processing; wherein the excellence, goodness, middle and difference correspond to 0.4, 0.3, 0.2 and 0.1 respectively.
S6: establishing a comprehensive judgment mathematical model based on a fuzzy principle, wherein the model is A.R = B; wherein A is a technical and economic index weight vector; r is a fuzzy matrix of technical and economic indexes of different schemes; b is evaluation results of different schemes; and further, comparing the calculated B values, and finally determining the optimal scheme of the pressurization point layout.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred method of supercharging point placement provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of boost mode determination;
fig. 3 is a natural gas gathering and transportation pipe network pressurization mode physical model.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The preferable method for the layout of the pressurization points provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to high-sulfur-content gas fields.
The following will explain the specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention in detail by taking a certain gas field as an example. A certain gas field belongs to an ultra-deep, high-sulfur, high-pressure and complex mountain gas field, and is a large-scale marine self-contained high-sulfur gas field in China. However, the pressurization gathering and transportation mode of the high-sulfur-content gas field has uncertainty, pressurization mode selection and pressurization point layout determination are difficult.
In the application examples, a certain gas field is taken as an example for description, but the application of the application examples to other gas fields is not limited.
The invention discloses a natural gas gathering and transportation system supercharging point layout optimization method, namely, a fuzzy hierarchical analysis method is adopted to establish a supercharging point layout optimization model based on a target layer, a standard layer, a scheme layer and a conclusion layer so as to determine an optimal supercharging point layout scheme.
S1: determining a natural gas gathering and transportation system pressurization mode; the pressurization mode mainly comprises sub-transmission centralized pressurization, mixed transmission centralized pressurization, gas-liquid sub-transmission regional pressurization and gas-liquid mixed transmission regional pressurization; the determination of the boost mode includes the steps of:
(1) determining operation, structural parameters, geological production allocation and the like; the operation parameters refer to the gas transmission quantity of the gathering and transportation system, the temperature and the components of the produced natural gas and the like; the structural parameters refer to the pipe diameter, the inclination angle, the height difference and the like of the natural gas gathering and transportation pipe network; the geological production allocation refers to the yield and the inlet pressure of a gas well;
(2) in view of H in the gas field2The method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out three-dimensional representation on a gathering and transportation pipe network by adopting OLGA software to establish a pressurization simulation physical model of a complex mountain gathering and transportation system by using factors such as high S content, large fluctuation height difference of the pipe network, high water content of a gas well in the later period of exploitation and the like; as shown in fig. 3, the gathering and transportation pipe network simulation model is that the gathering and transportation system has four transportation pipelines of # 1, # 2, # 3 and # 4, wherein the # 1 line includes P101-P108 gas stations, the # 2 line P201-P204 gas stations, the # 3 line includes P301-P305 gas stations, and the # 4 includes D401-D405 gas stations;
(3) determining whether the flow velocity of natural gas in the pipeline is less than or equal to 8m/s, and determining the slug flow risk and the pressure drop if the flow velocity is less than or equal to 8m/s, wherein the excessive flow velocity in the gathering and transportation pipeline can cause the damage of a coating film in the pipeline and aggravate the corrosion of a pipe wall, so that the flow velocity is not more than 8 m/s; if the pressure drop of the pipeline is large or the risk of slug flow exists, adopting a separate-transmission centralized pressurization mode; if the pressure drop is small or no section plug flow risk exists, a mixed transportation centralized pressurization mode is adopted;
if the flow velocity is larger than 8m/s, determining a pressurization deceleration pipe section; preliminarily determining a pressurization mode, and further judging slug flow risk and pressure drop; the slug flow risk means that slug flow is easily caused when the liquid holdup of the pipeline is too large and the pipeline is started and stopped; if the pressure drop of the pipeline is large or the slug flow risk is large, a gas-liquid separate transportation area pressurization mode is adopted; if the pressure drop of the pipeline is small or the slug flow risk is small, a gas-liquid mixed transportation area pressurization mode is adopted;
the flow rate of a pipeline of a gas field 1# line gas collecting station P102-a main station is about 10m/s, and other branch lines meet the requirement; for the 2# line, the flow rate of each pipe section is controlled within the range of 3-8m/s, but the P201-main station and the P202-P201 pipe sections have higher tassels, so that the gas transmission requirement is met; the 3# line P301-the pipe section of the master station runs at a high speed, and the flow rates of the rest pipe sections are controlled to be 3-8 m/s; except for the D405-D404 pipeline, the flow velocity of other pipelines of the No. 4 pipeline exceeds 8m/s and does not meet the gas transmission capacity of the pipeline; the problem of overhigh flow rate of the 1# -4# pipeline is solved, and the running pressure of a corresponding pipe section needs to be increased;
the liquid holdup of pipelines of a No. 1 line P103-102 and a No. 2 line P204-P203 and a No. P203-P202 reaches more than 50%, the liquid holdup of pipelines of a No. 2 line P204-P203 and a No. P203-P202 reaches more than 40%, slug flow risks can occur in the starting and stopping process, the liquid holdup of the pipeline sections of a No. 3 line P305-P304, P304-P303 and P303-P302 is about 40%, and slug flow risks can also exist in the starting and stopping process; the gas-liquid separate transportation of the 1# -4# line is suggested;
the pressure drop of each pipe section of the 4# line is small, the pressure drop of 1# P103-P102 and P104-P102 pipelines is large, wherein the pressure drop of the P103-P102 pipeline reaches 1MPa, the pressure drop of 2# P204-P203 and P201-total station exceeds 0.6MPa, the pressure drop of the 3# P305-P304 pipelines exceeds 1.0MPa, and when gas-liquid separate transportation is adopted, the pressure drop of each pipe section is far smaller than that of mixed transportation; under the condition of given supercharger inlet pressure, the method is favorable for further reducing the gas well production pressure in the supercharging gathering and transportation stage; therefore, gas-liquid separation and transportation of the 1# -3# line are recommended from the viewpoint of pressure drop;
(4) further determining a preliminary scheme of the layout of the boosting points; the first scheme is as follows: a booster station is arranged at P102/201/301 (for respectively carrying out main line boosting on No. 1-3 lines), and booster stations are arranged at P401 and P402 (for carrying out partial boosting on No. 4 lines); scheme II: pressurizing stations are arranged at P301, P401 and P402 (for locally pressurizing the No. 1-3 line, for pressurizing the P401 single station and for locally pressurizing the P402 main station pipeline); the third scheme is as follows: and (4) single-station pressurization.
S2: establishing a pressurizing point layout optimization model based on a target layer, a criterion layer, a scheme layer and a conclusion layer by adopting a fuzzy hierarchical analysis method; as shown in fig. 1. The target layer refers to a preferred pressurizing point layout scheme; the criterion layer refers to main technical and economic indexes of the preliminary scheme of the layout of the plurality of supercharging points determined by S1, such as system energy efficiency, station level, gas transmission capacity, engineering investment, operating cost, compressor failure, the number of supercharging stations and the like; the scheme layer refers to a plurality of preliminary schemes of the layout of the supercharging points determined by S1; the conclusion layer refers to the optimal scheme of the layout of the boosting points.
S3: performing weight calculation on the main technical and economic indexes of the criterion layer in the S2; according to the uniform matrix method, judging matrix element aijScaling; the matrix element aijThe result of comparing the importance of the element i with the importance of the element j is shown; the consistent matrix method is characterized in that all factors are not put together for comparison, but are compared with each other two by two, and relative scale is adopted to reduce the difficulty of comparing various factors with different properties as much as possible so as to improve the accuracy; as shown in table 1, scale 1 indicates that two factors are of equal importance compared; scale 3 indicates that two factors are compared, one factor being slightly more important than the other; and so on;
with C1 Represents System energy efficiency, C2 Representing yard level, and so on, C3、C4、C5、C6、C7 Respectively representing gas transmission capacity, engineering investment, operating cost, compressor failure and the number of booster stations; matrix element aij=Ci:CjIs represented by CiThe technical economic index represented by CjThe degree of importance of the represented technical and economic indicators; e.g. first row and second column a12 =3 slightly heavier than system energy efficiency according to the representative yard levelFirstly, mixing; judging matrix element aijMatrix elements a of different technical and economic indexesijListing to form an n multiplied by n judgment matrix;
Figure 256389DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
adding each row element column by column according to the obtained judgment matrix, carrying out normalization processing on the obtained vector, and calculating to obtain a weight vector:
A=(0.0708, 0.0165, 0.3343, 0.0886, 0.0921, 0.2187, 0.1790)。
s4, fuzzifying the main technical and economic indexes of the three primary schemes; the preliminary schemes are scheme one (P102/201/301 and P401/402), scheme two (P301/P401/P402) and scheme three (single station). Wherein P102/201/301 represents the main line pressurization for lines No. 1-3, respectively, and P401/402 represents the local pressurization for line No. 4; p301 represents the local pressurization of the 1# -3# line, P401 represents the single-station pressurization of 401, and P402 represents the local pressurization of 402 the main station pipeline;
in addition, fuzzification processing is carried out on main technical and economic indexes; the main technical and economic index fuzzification processing comprises the steps of establishing a prediction model of the efficiency of each unit of the supercharging gathering and transportation system in the process of analyzing the system energy efficiency of each scheme according to a fuzzification comment set V = { excellent, good, medium and poor }, and calculating to obtain the system energy efficiency contrast of the first scheme, the second scheme and the third scheme which are respectively good, excellent and medium. In the analysis of the booster station, the P401 booster station of the scheme I and the scheme II is a five-stage station, other booster stations are four-stage stations, and when the 1# -4# line adopts single-station booster, the booster station is a five-stage booster station. The results of the analysis of other major technical and economic indicators are shown in table 3.
Figure 933358DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
S5: establishing a fuzzification matrix R for the main technical and economic indexes subjected to fuzzification processing;
Figure 168031DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
wherein the excellence, goodness, middle and difference correspond to 0.4, 0.3, 0.2 and 0.1 respectively.
S6: establishing a comprehensive judgment mathematical model based on a fuzzy principle, wherein the model is A.R = B; wherein A is a technical and economic index weight vector; r is a fuzzy matrix of technical and economic indexes of different schemes; b is evaluation results of different schemes; further, comparing the calculated B values, and finally determining the optimal scheme of the layout of the pressurization points;
Figure 323068DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
the evaluation results of the first scheme, the second scheme and the third scheme are 0.2819, 0.2981 and 0.2123 respectively, so the second scheme is selected, namely a pressurizing station is arranged at P301 to carry out local pressurization on 1# -3# lines, a pressurizing station is arranged at P401 to carry out 401 single-station pressurization, and a pressurizing station is arranged at P402 to carry out local pressurization on gas from an upstream gas well 402 to serve as an optimal layout scheme of pressurizing points.

Claims (4)

1. A natural gas gathering and transportation system pressurization point layout optimization method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the supercharging mode determination specifically comprises:
s11: inputting operation parameters, structural parameters and geological production allocation, S12: inputting the parameters into a physical model of a pressurization mode of the natural gas with high sulfur content established by OLGA software for solving and calculating, S13: judging whether the flow rate is less than or equal to 8m/s according to the calculation result and outputting four conclusions of partial-transmission centralized pressurization, mixed-transmission centralized pressurization, gas-liquid partial-transmission regional pressurization and gas-liquid mixed-transmission regional pressurization;
s2: carrying out main technical and economic index consideration on a supercharging point of the supercharging mode;
s3: establishing a supercharging point layout optimal model for the main technical and economic indexes;
s4: judging the model by using a matrix element scaling method to obtain a technical and economic index weight vector A;
s5: fuzzification processing is carried out on the main technical and economic indexes;
s6: establishing a fuzzy matrix R for the fuzzification processing;
s7: and establishing a comprehensive judgment mathematical model A.R = B based on a fuzzy principle by using the fuzzy matrix R, wherein B is an evaluation result of different schemes.
2. The boost point placement optimization method of claim 1, wherein the operating parameters include gas transfer rate, temperature, and composition; the structural parameters comprise pipe network pipe diameter, inclination angle and height difference; the geological production allocation comprises gas well production and inlet pressure; whether the flow velocity is less than or equal to 8m/s or not comprises the step of adopting centralized pressurization when the flow velocity is less than or equal to 8m/s, determining conclusion output according to slug flow risk and pressure drop, determining a pressurization and deceleration pipe section when the flow velocity is greater than 8m/s, primarily determining a pressurization mode, and determining conclusion output according to the slug flow risk and pressure drop.
3. The pressure increasing point layout optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the main technical and economic indicators comprise system energy efficiency, station level, gas transmission capacity, number of pressure increasing stations and project investment operation cost; establishing a pressurizing point layout optimal model by adopting a fuzzy hierarchical analysis method, and establishing a pressurizing point layout optimal model based on a target layer, a criterion layer, a scheme layer and a conclusion layer; the scaling method of the matrix elements comprises a pressurizing point layout optimization criterion layer judgment matrix scaling method; the fuzzification processing comprises processing the technical and economic indexes of each scheme according to a fuzzification comment set V = { excellent, good, medium and poor }.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises comparing all the factors with each other in a relative scale.
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Application publication date: 20210223