CN112395065B - Interrupt service method and device for starting loading of embedded system - Google Patents
Interrupt service method and device for starting loading of embedded system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112395065B CN112395065B CN202011348632.9A CN202011348632A CN112395065B CN 112395065 B CN112395065 B CN 112395065B CN 202011348632 A CN202011348632 A CN 202011348632A CN 112395065 B CN112395065 B CN 112395065B
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- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/46—Multiprogramming arrangements
- G06F9/48—Program initiating; Program switching, e.g. by interrupt
- G06F9/4806—Task transfer initiation or dispatching
- G06F9/4812—Task transfer initiation or dispatching by interrupt, e.g. masked
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
- G06F9/32—Address formation of the next instruction, e.g. by incrementing the instruction counter
- G06F9/322—Address formation of the next instruction, e.g. by incrementing the instruction counter for non-sequential address
- G06F9/327—Address formation of the next instruction, e.g. by incrementing the instruction counter for non-sequential address for interrupts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/445—Program loading or initiating
- G06F9/44521—Dynamic linking or loading; Link editing at or after load time, e.g. Java class loading
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Abstract
The invention relates to an interrupt service method for starting loading of an embedded system, which comprises the following steps: defining a global variable named as a judgment quantity on the same absolute address in program storage spaces of the Bootloader and the App; initializing the judgment amount to a first set value when the Bootloader runs, and setting the judgment amount to a second set value when the Bootloader needs to jump to App; when an App is operated, setting the judgment amount as the first set value when the jump to a Bootloader is needed; and realizing interrupt service of the startup loading of the embedded system based on the judgment. The invention can realize the starting loading of the processor without the interrupt vector shifter, and interrupt resources can be respectively used in the Bootloader section and the App section.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of embedded system boot loading technologies, and in particular, to an interrupt service method and apparatus for boot loading of an embedded system, and a computer storage medium.
Background
Based on the processor with IAP function, the Bootloader function can be realized, so that the product can realize the function of updating software in the system through communication methods such as a communication bus and the like. The Flash in the chip of the processor is divided into 2 parts (the size is determined according to the requirement), the first half part is a Bootloader area, and the second half part is an App area. After the processor is powered up, the Bootloader section is firstly removed from running, whether a correct App section program exists is checked, and if yes, the process immediately jumps to the App running; otherwise, stay in Bootloader section waiting to communicate with download device to update App section program. When the App section runs, the processor can jump to the Bootloader section again by means of diagnostic commands and the like, and the App section software starts to be updated.
For a processor without an interrupt vector offset register, the interrupt entry may be relocated to the App segment by setting an offset address; however, for a processor without an interrupt vector offset register, the interrupt entry address cannot be offset, but can still be in the Bootloader segment. While the program in the App section generally inevitably needs to use interrupt resources, this means that Bootloader will not be able to use interrupt resources. After updating the App, the interrupt vector table of the App is copied and replaced with the interrupt vector table of the Bootloader segment, specifically, as shown in fig. 2a, ① is interrupted when the App segment is executed, ② jumps to the interrupt service function of the App, ③ returns the interrupt, the App segment is continuously executed, and ④ copies the interrupt vector table of the App and replaces the interrupt vector table of the Bootloader segment. Meanwhile, the Bootloader section program should be locked after the factory programming to prevent accidental erasing, which is contradictory to the point that the interrupt vector table of the App copies and replaces the interrupt vector table of the Bootloader section. In addition, bootloader cannot use interrupt resources, the communication process can only poll continuously, and the efficiency is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide an interrupt service method and apparatus for boot loading of an embedded system, so as to solve the problem that a processor without an interrupt vector offset register cannot use interrupt resources in Bootloader segment and App segment respectively.
The invention provides an interrupt service method for starting loading of an embedded system, which comprises the following steps:
Defining a global variable named as a judgment quantity on the same absolute address in program storage spaces of the Bootloader and the App;
initializing the judgment amount to a first set value when the Bootloader runs, and setting the judgment amount to a second set value when the Bootloader needs to jump to App;
When an App is operated, setting the judgment amount as the first set value when the jump to a Bootloader is needed;
And realizing interrupt service of the startup loading of the embedded system based on the judgment.
Further, the first set value is "0", and the second set value is "1"; or the first set value is "1", and the second set value is "0".
Further, the interrupt service for implementing the startup loading of the embedded system based on the judgment amount specifically comprises the following steps:
And realizing interrupt service in the Bootloader and interrupt service in the App based on the judgment.
Further, based on the judgment, implementing interrupt service in the Bootloader, specifically:
And if the Bootloade is interrupted during operation, judging whether the judgment quantity is a second set value: if yes, loading a service function address corresponding to an interrupt vector table in the App, and then using a jump instruction to jump to the service function address for operation; if not, the computing resource is manually stacked, then the interrupt service sub-function of the Bootloader is called, and finally the computing resource is manually popped.
Further, using the jump instruction to jump to the service function address for running, further comprising:
and when the service function address is jumped to run, closing the interrupt resource used by the Bootloader.
Further, based on the judgment, implementing interrupt service in the App specifically includes:
the method comprises the steps that computing resources needed to be used by interrupt service in an App are stacked through a compiler;
calling an interrupt service sub-function of the App, and popping a computing resource required to be used by interrupt service in the App through a compiler before returning the interrupt;
and adding the address of the interrupt service sub-function of the App into the address of the corresponding terminal type in the interrupt vector table of the App through the linker.
The invention also provides an interrupt service device for starting and loading the embedded system, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is stored with a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the interrupt service method for starting and loading the embedded system is realized.
The invention also provides a computer storage medium on which a computer program is stored which, when executed by a processor, implements an interrupt service method for boot loading of the embedded system.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention sets the judgment quantity, and can judge whether the interruption occurs in the running process of the App or the running process of the Bootloader through the value of the judgment quantity, thereby being convenient for accurately judging the interruption position, being convenient for carrying out corresponding stacking/popping processing when the interruption occurs, ensuring the accurate return of the interruption program and ensuring that both Bootloade and the App can use the interruption resource.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for providing an interrupt service method for boot loading of an embedded system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a diagram showing the change in the program counter orientation of an interrupt service when a processor without an interrupt vector offset register in the prior art performs a boot load;
FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram illustrating a program counter for implementing Bootloader interrupt according to a first embodiment of the interrupt service method for startup loading of a mid-embedded system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2c is a schematic diagram of a program counter for implementing App interrupt according to a first embodiment of an interrupt service method for boot loading of an embedded system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3a is a diagram of a calling program for calling an interrupt service sub-function of a Bootloader when implementing boot loading according to a first embodiment of the interrupt service method for boot loading of an embedded system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram illustrating an interrupt service sub-function calling Bootloader when implementing boot loading according to a first embodiment of the method for providing interrupt service for boot loading of an embedded system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the application is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the application, are used to explain the principles of the application and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an interrupt service method for startup loading of an embedded system, hereinafter referred to as the present method, comprising the following steps:
s1, defining a global variable with the name of judgment on the same absolute address in program storage spaces of Bootloader and App;
S2, initializing the judgment amount to a first set value when the Bootloader runs, and setting the judgment amount to a second set value when the Bootloader needs to jump to an App;
S3, when the App is operated, setting the judgment quantity as the first set value when the jump to the Bootloader is needed;
and S4, realizing interrupt service of starting loading of the embedded system based on the judgment.
In this embodiment, a global variable named IsInApp (i.e., a judgment) is defined in Bootloader and App at the same absolute address, and is used to indicate whether the current program is running in Bootloader or App. In the Bootloader program, it is initialized to the first setting value, so IsInApp is the first setting value, indicating that it is running in the Bootloader. When the jump to App operation is required, it is set to the second setting value, so IsInApp is the second setting value, indicating operation in App. In the App procedure, it is defined as not initializing. Thus, when the jump is made from the Bootloader, the value is the second set value. When the operation needs to jump to the Bootloader, the Bootloader is set as a first set value, and the operation is indicated to return to the Bootloader. For example, example code in Bootloader engineering: unsigned char isivapp@0x10=0; example code in App engineering: __ no-init unsigned char IsInApp@0x10.
Because global variable IsInApp is set, when an interrupt occurs, whether the interrupt occurs during the running of an App or during the running of a Bootloader can be judged, so that the accurate judgment of the interrupt position is realized, the corresponding stack-in/stack-out processing is convenient to carry out when the interrupt occurs, the accurate return of an interrupt program is ensured, and the Bootloader and the App can both use interrupt resources. The method aims at realizing that the interrupt resources can be used by the processors based on the interrupt-free vector offset register in both the Bootloader section and the App section, and the Bootloader section can be locked.
Preferably, the first set value is "0", and the second set value is "1"; or the first set value is "1", and the second set value is "0".
In this embodiment, the first set value is "0", and the second set value is "1".
Preferably, the interrupt service for implementing the startup loading of the embedded system based on the judgment comprises the following steps:
And realizing interrupt service in the Bootloader and interrupt service in the App based on the judgment.
Preferably, the interrupt service in the Bootloader is implemented based on the judgment, specifically:
and if the Bootloader is interrupted in operation, judging whether the judgment quantity is a second set value: if yes, loading a service function address corresponding to an interrupt vector table in the App, and then using a jump instruction to jump to the service function address for operation; if not, the computing resource is manually stacked, then the interrupt service sub-function of the Bootloader is called, and finally the computing resource is manually popped.
The interrupt service function in Bootloader immediately determines IsInApp the variables upon entry. If IsInApp is 1, then the address of the corresponding service function in the App's interrupt vector table is loaded using nested assembly code, and then jumps to that address run using a jump instruction. Thus, the interrupt service function of the App is executed, and the interrupt return can be correctly executed after the completion. Note that: after loading the service function address of App, a jump instruction must be used, a CALL instruction cannot be used, otherwise, the stack will be unbalanced when the function returns, and the processor will run. If IsInApp is 0, the interrupt service sub-function of Bootloader is called, but the direct call will cause stack imbalance when the interrupt service function of App is interrupted and returned, the interrupt service sub-function of Bootloader is directly called, and when the compiler is compiled, the computing resource needed to be used by the sub-function will be first stacked, and then decision IsInApp is made to determine branching. Then for the case of running App interrupt service at IsInApp, the stack imbalance for this path would result, as the last interrupt return from App interrupt service directly would result, the processor would run off. Therefore, the interrupt service sub-function of Bootloader cannot be directly called. Aiming at the problem, the embodiment uses the nested assembly to manually push all the computing resources into stacks, uses the embedded assembly CALL to serve the subfunctions, and finally manually pop the stacks to restore the computing resources, wherein the computing resources are determined according to the characteristics of a processor and a compiler, the specific implementation codes are shown in figure 3a, and the disassembly codes are shown in figure 3 b. When an interrupt occurs in the Bootloader, as shown in fig. 2b, the program counter points to the torsion change, ① generates an interrupt when the Bootloader segment is executed, ② jumps to the interrupt service function of the Bootloader according to the interrupt vector table, ③ jumps to the interrupt service sub-function of the Bootloader according to IsInApp, and ④ the interrupt service sub-function of the Bootloader returns after execution, ⑤ the interrupt returns, and the Bootloader segment is continuously executed.
Preferably, the jump instruction is used to jump to the address of the service function for running, and the method further comprises:
and when the service function address is jumped to run, closing the interrupt resource used by the Bootloader.
Preferably, the interrupt service in the App is implemented based on the judgment, specifically:
the method comprises the steps that computing resources needed to be used by interrupt service in an App are stacked through a compiler;
calling an interrupt service sub-function of the App, and popping a computing resource required to be used by interrupt service in the App through a compiler before returning the interrupt;
and adding the address of the interrupt service sub-function of the App into the address of the corresponding terminal type in the interrupt vector table of the App through the linker.
The interrupt service function is normally written in App. The compiler will put the computing resource needed by the interrupt service function into stack immediately and restore before the interrupt returns; interrupt returns are used without normal returns. The linker will add the address of the service function to the specified address of the corresponding interrupt type in the App's interrupt vector table. When an interrupt occurs in the App, as shown in fig. 2c, the program counter points to the torsion change, ① is interrupted when the App segment is executed, ② jumps to the interrupt service function of the Bootloader according to the interrupt vector table, ③ jumps to the interrupt service function of the App according to IsInApp, and ④ interrupts and returns to continue to execute the App segment.
Example 2
An embodiment 2 of the present invention provides an interrupt service device for startup loading of an embedded system, including a processor and a memory, where the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the interrupt service method for startup loading of an embedded system provided in embodiment 1 is implemented.
The interrupt service device for starting and loading the embedded system provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for realizing the interrupt service method for starting and loading the embedded system, so that the interrupt service device for starting and loading the embedded system has the technical effects of the interrupt service method for starting and loading the embedded system, and the interrupt service device for starting and loading the embedded system is also provided and is not described in detail herein.
Example 3
Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a computer storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the interrupt service method for startup loading of an embedded system provided in embodiment 1.
The computer storage medium provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for realizing the interrupt service method of the startup loading of the embedded system, so that the technical effects of the interrupt service method of the startup loading of the embedded system are achieved, and the computer storage medium is also provided and will not be described in detail herein.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An interrupt service method for starting loading of an embedded system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Defining a global variable named as a judgment quantity on the same absolute address in program storage spaces of the Bootloader and the App;
initializing the judgment amount to a first set value when the Bootloader runs, and setting the judgment amount to a second set value when the Bootloader needs to jump to App;
When an App is operated, setting the judgment amount as the first set value when the jump to a Bootloader is needed;
based on the judgment, realizing interrupt service of starting loading of the embedded system;
based on the judgment, the interrupt service of the startup loading of the embedded system is realized, which comprises the following steps:
based on the judgment, realizing interrupt service in the Bootloader and interrupt service in the App;
and realizing interrupt service in the Bootloader based on the judgment, wherein the interrupt service comprises the following steps:
And if the Bootloade is interrupted during operation, judging whether the judgment quantity is a second set value: if yes, loading a service function address corresponding to an interrupt vector table in the App, and then using a jump instruction to jump to the service function address for operation; if not, the computing resource is manually stacked, then the interrupt service sub-function of the Bootloader is called, and finally the computing resource is manually popped.
2. The interrupt service method of embedded system boot loading of claim 1, wherein the first setting value is "0" and the second setting value is "1"; or the first set value is "1", and the second set value is "0".
3. The method of interrupt service for startup loading of an embedded system according to claim 1, wherein the jump instruction is used to jump to the service function address for execution, further comprising:
and when the service function address is jumped to run, closing the interrupt resource used by the Bootloader.
4. The interrupt service method for startup loading of an embedded system according to claim 1, wherein the interrupt service in the App is implemented based on the determination, specifically:
the method comprises the steps that computing resources needed to be used by interrupt service in an App are stacked through a compiler;
calling an interrupt service sub-function of the App, and popping a computing resource required to be used by interrupt service in the App through a compiler before returning the interrupt;
And adding the address of the interrupt service sub-function of the App into the address of the corresponding interrupt type in the interrupt vector table of the App through the linker.
5. An interrupt service device for startup loading of an embedded system, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the interrupt service method for startup loading of an embedded system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. A computer storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements an interrupt service method of boot loading of an embedded system according to any of claims 1-4.
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| CN113986481A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-28 | 深圳曦华科技有限公司 | Interrupt service instance calling method and related device |
| CN113986480A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-28 | 深圳曦华科技有限公司 | Method for calling interrupt service function and related device |
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| CN105117269A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-12-02 | 天津国芯科技有限公司 | Optimization Method of Compiler Based on Vectored Interrupt |
| CN107153613A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-09-12 | 山东鲁能智能技术有限公司 | BootLoader program debugging methods and system based on HCS12 single-chip microcomputers |
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| CN110209531A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-09-06 | 湖北三江航天险峰电子信息有限公司 | A kind of long-range ARM online upgrade system and method based on RS422 interface |
| CN111897560B (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2024-10-15 | 吉林大学 | Program upgrading system, method, device and storage medium based on NB-IoT module |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105117269A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-12-02 | 天津国芯科技有限公司 | Optimization Method of Compiler Based on Vectored Interrupt |
| CN107153613A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-09-12 | 山东鲁能智能技术有限公司 | BootLoader program debugging methods and system based on HCS12 single-chip microcomputers |
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