CN112393227A - Solid waste treatment device and treatment method - Google Patents
Solid waste treatment device and treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112393227A CN112393227A CN202011327918.9A CN202011327918A CN112393227A CN 112393227 A CN112393227 A CN 112393227A CN 202011327918 A CN202011327918 A CN 202011327918A CN 112393227 A CN112393227 A CN 112393227A
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- flue gas
- pyrolysis
- hot flue
- pyrolysis furnace
- pulverized coal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C1/00—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air
- F23C1/12—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air gaseous and pulverulent fuel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
- F23K2201/10—Pulverizing
- F23K2201/103—Pulverizing with hot gas supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
- F23K2201/50—Blending
- F23K2201/501—Blending with other fuels or combustible waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
- F23K2203/20—Feeding/conveying devices
- F23K2203/201—Feeding/conveying devices using pneumatic means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a solid waste treatment device and a treatment method, wherein the device comprises a pyrolysis device and a heat supply device; the pyrolysis device comprises a pyrolysis furnace, a pyrolysis gas pipeline, a conveying belt, an inlet screw feeder arranged at an inlet of the pyrolysis furnace and an outlet screw feeder arranged at an outlet of the pyrolysis furnace; the air inlet and the air outlet of the pyrolysis gas pipeline are respectively communicated with the pyrolysis furnace and the heat supply device, and the conveying belt is arranged below the outlet screw feeder; the heat supply device comprises a pulverized coal boiler, a hot flue gas pipeline and a booster fan arranged on the hot flue gas pipeline; and the air inlet and the air outlet of the hot flue gas pipeline are respectively communicated with the pulverized coal boiler and the pyrolysis furnace. According to the solid waste treatment device and the treatment method provided by the invention, a mode of combining the pyrolysis furnace and the pulverized coal boiler is adopted, so that thermal power enterprises can directly treat the primary urban solid waste, the raw material cost is reduced, the potential safety hazard of solid waste treatment is reduced, and the urban solid waste treatment capacity is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a solid waste treatment device and a solid waste treatment method.
Background
With the continuous promotion of the urbanization development of China, the production amount of urban solid waste is increased dramatically. At present, urban solid waste is mainly treated in a combustion mode, and after primary screening and forming processes, the energy density of the solid waste is improved and is sent to thermal power enterprises for combustion, so that resource utilization is realized. The most common method comprises the blended combustion or direct combustion by using a grate-fired furnace or a fluidized bed boiler. For a grate-fired furnace, the urban solid waste is heated by a high-temperature furnace body in a mixed combustion or direct combustion mode to realize continuous and stable combustion. For fluidized bed boilers, the solid wastes of urban products are usually mixed with other fuels (coal) according to a certain proportion, and the mixture is fed into a hearth for combustion in a mixed combustion mode, and continuous and stable combustion is realized by utilizing the characteristic of wide fuel adaptability of a fluidized bed. However, no matter based on the grate-fired furnace technology or the fluidized bed boiler technology, because the installed capacity of the boiler is small, the technology depends on import, and the manufacturing cost of the boiler is high, the capacity of treating urban solid waste is very limited, and the increasing urban solid waste treatment demand cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solid waste treatment device and a treatment method, and the device enables thermal power enterprises to directly treat primary urban solid waste by combining a pyrolysis furnace and a pulverized coal boiler, reduces the cost of raw materials, and improves the urban solid waste treatment capacity.
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a solid waste treatment apparatus, including:
a pyrolysis device and a heat supply device;
the pyrolysis device comprises a pyrolysis furnace, a pyrolysis gas pipeline, a conveying belt, an inlet screw feeder arranged at an inlet of the pyrolysis furnace and an outlet screw feeder arranged at an outlet of the pyrolysis furnace; the air inlet and the air outlet of the pyrolysis gas pipeline are respectively communicated with the pyrolysis furnace and the heat supply device, and the conveying belt is arranged below the outlet screw feeder;
the heat supply device comprises a pulverized coal boiler, a hot flue gas pipeline and a booster fan arranged on the hot flue gas pipeline; and the air inlet and the air outlet of the hot flue gas pipeline are respectively communicated with the pulverized coal boiler and the pyrolysis furnace.
Preferably, the hot flue gas duct comprises a first duct and a second duct;
the first pipeline is used for conveying hot flue gas generated by the pulverized coal boiler to the booster fan; the second pipeline is used for conveying the hot flue gas pressurized by the booster fan to the pyrolysis furnace.
Preferably, the air inlet of the first pipeline is arranged at the tail part of the pulverized coal boiler.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a solid waste treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
the biomass raw material is fed into the pyrolysis furnace from the inlet screw feeder, and the pulverized coal boiler is controlled to feed the generated hot flue gas into the pyrolysis furnace from the hot flue gas pipeline under the action of the booster fan;
gas generated after pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace is sent into the pulverized coal boiler through the pyrolysis gas pipeline, and generated carbonized biomass is sent to the conveying belt through the outlet screw feeder;
and the carbonized biomass is sent into the pulverized coal boiler pulverizing system by the conveying belt.
Preferably, the controlling the pulverized coal fired boiler to send the generated hot flue gas from the hot flue gas pipeline to the pyrolysis furnace after the action of the booster fan comprises:
controlling the pulverized coal fired boiler to send the generated hot flue gas into the booster fan through the first pipeline;
and controlling the booster fan to boost the hot flue gas, and sending the boosted hot flue gas into the pyrolysis furnace through the second pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1) the safe and stable combustion of the urban solid wastes in a large pulverized coal boiler is realized, and the urban solid waste treatment capacity is improved.
2) By combining the pyrolysis furnace and the pulverized coal boiler, thermal power enterprises can directly treat the primary urban solid wastes, so that the raw material cost is reduced; the hot flue gas of the pulverized coal boiler is used as a heat source, and the pyrolysis of urban solid waste is realized in a waste heat mode, so that the operation cost of the pyrolysis process is reduced.
3) After pyrolysis of urban solid waste is completed, gas is fed into a hearth for combustion, carbonized biomass is fed into a powder making system for grinding, and is fed into the hearth for combustion together with coal powder; because the solid waste sent into the powder making system is carbonized, the grindability is good, and the explosion risk in the grinding process is obviously reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a solid waste treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a solid waste treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be understood that the step numbers used herein are for convenience of description only and are not intended as limitations on the order in which the steps are performed.
It is to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The terms "comprises" and "comprising" indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
The term "and/or" refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a solid waste treatment apparatus 100, including:
a pyrolysis apparatus 10 and a heat supply apparatus 20;
the pyrolysis device 10 comprises a pyrolysis furnace 3, a pyrolysis gas pipeline 8, a conveying belt 2, an inlet screw feeder 4 arranged at an inlet of the pyrolysis furnace and an outlet screw feeder 1 arranged at an outlet of the pyrolysis furnace; an air inlet and an air outlet of the pyrolysis gas pipeline 8 are respectively communicated with the pyrolysis furnace 3 and the heat supply device 20, and the conveying belt 2 is arranged below the outlet screw feeder 1;
the heat supply device 20 comprises a pulverized coal boiler 5, a hot flue gas pipeline 6 and a booster fan 7 arranged on the hot flue gas pipeline; and the air inlet and the air outlet of the hot flue gas pipeline are respectively communicated with the pulverized coal fired boiler 5 and the pyrolysis furnace 3.
It should be noted that, in the existing solid waste treatment technology, a grate-fired furnace or a fluidized bed boiler is mainly adopted for co-combustion or direct combustion. For a grate-fired furnace, the urban solid waste is heated by a high-temperature furnace body in a mixed combustion or direct combustion mode, so that continuous and stable combustion is realized. For fluidized bed boilers, the urban solid waste is usually mixed with other fuels (coal) according to a certain proportion, and the mixture is fed into a hearth for combustion in a mixed combustion mode, and continuous and stable combustion is realized by utilizing the characteristic of wide fuel adaptability of a fluidized bed. However, both of these methods are very limited and expensive, and thus it is difficult to meet the increasing demand for municipal solid waste treatment.
The pulverized coal boiler is a steam generating device, aims to convert chemical energy in fuel into heat energy of steam in a combustion mode, and is main equipment of thermal power enterprises. Pulverized coal fired boilers are generally composed of a burner, a hearth and heating surfaces of various levels, and are equipped with corresponding pulverizing systems. The combustor provides conditions for ignition of fuel, the hearth is a fuel combustion place, all levels of heating surfaces absorb heat generated by fuel combustion in the hearth, hot flue gas generated by combustion in the hearth can sequentially pass through all levels of heating surfaces in order to improve fuel utilization efficiency, and the temperature of the flue gas is gradually reduced. The powder process system pretreats the fuel, changes the physical form of the fuel and meets the requirement of high-efficiency combustion of the fuel.
Wherein, pulverized coal boiler has following advantage:
1) the combustion efficiency is high: the raw coal is ground by a pulverizing system to form coal powder with small granularity, large specific surface area and high combustion efficiency.
2) The automation degree is high: the pulverized coal fired boiler is main equipment of a thermal power enterprise, each auxiliary equipment adopts decentralized control, the technology is mature, and the automation degree is high.
3) The method is environment-friendly: thermal power enterprises are all provided with perfect environmental protection facilities to treat the flue gas generated by the combustion of the pulverized coal fired boiler so as to meet the emission requirement of pollutants.
4) The equipment capacity is large: the thermal power enterprises taking pulverized coal boilers as steam generators are the main body of power and energy supply in China, and the installed capacity of the thermal power enterprises is incomparable with other furnace types.
Therefore, in the embodiment, the solid waste is mainly sent into the pulverized coal boiler to be combusted in a mixed combustion mode, so that resource utilization is realized, the characteristics of high unit parameter and large installed capacity in China of the pulverized coal boiler are fully utilized, and the urban solid waste recycling capacity is improved. Because the pulverized coal furnace has the structural characteristics and the requirement on the fuel entering the furnace is higher than that of a fluidized bed boiler and a grate-fired furnace, the fuel entering the furnace needs to be ground into powder so as to improve the combustion efficiency and the combustion stability. The pulverized coal boiler is designed for a specific coal type, has poor fuel adaptability, and has the technical and safety problems of difficult grinding, deflagration and the like in the grinding and combustion processes when the urban solid waste with large difference between the mixing grinding characteristics and the combustion characteristics is used.
The pyrolysis device 10 comprises a pyrolysis furnace 3, a pyrolysis gas pipeline 8, a conveying belt 2, an inlet screw feeder 4 arranged at an inlet of the pyrolysis furnace and an outlet screw feeder 1 arranged at an outlet of the pyrolysis furnace; the screw feeder realizes continuous and quantitative feeding of biomass such as solid wastes into the pyrolysis furnace through control of the rotating speed, and simultaneously ensures isolation of a feed inlet from external air, so that the external air is prevented from entering the pyrolysis furnace to react with pyrolysis gas and carbonized substances; similarly, the outlet screw feeder at the outlet realizes the continuous output of the carbonized materials by controlling the rotating speed, and simultaneously ensures the isolation of the outlet from the outside air.
The gas inlet and the gas outlet of the pyrolysis gas pipeline 8 are respectively communicated with the pyrolysis furnace 3 and the heat supply device 20, and gas generated by pyrolyzing solid waste and other biomass can enter the pulverized coal boiler 5 through the pyrolysis gas pipeline 8 to be combusted. And the conveying belt 2 is arranged below the outlet screw feeder 1 and is used for conveying the pyrolyzed carbonized substances to a powder making system, and the carbonized substances and raw coal are ground together and then are conveyed to hearth fuel.
The heat supply device comprises a pulverized coal boiler 5, a hot flue gas pipeline 6 and a booster fan 7 arranged on the hot flue gas pipeline; and the air inlet and the air outlet of the hot flue gas pipeline are respectively communicated with the pulverized coal fired boiler 5 and the pyrolysis furnace 3.
According to the embodiment of the invention, by combining the pyrolysis furnace and the pulverized coal boiler, thermal power enterprises can directly treat the primary urban solid waste, the raw material cost is reduced, and the urban solid waste treatment capacity is improved.
In one exemplary embodiment, the hot flue gas duct 6 comprises a first duct and a second duct;
the first pipeline is used for conveying hot flue gas generated by the pulverized coal boiler 5 to the booster fan 7; the second pipeline is used for conveying the hot flue gas pressurized by the booster fan 7 to the pyrolysis furnace 3.
The booster fan is mainly used for improving the pressure of the flue gas at the tail part of the pulverized coal boiler, and ensuring that the hot flue gas can sequentially pass through a hot flue gas pipeline, a pyrolysis furnace and a pyrolysis gas channel and flow to a hearth. The booster fan generally has three forms of a centrifugal type, an axial flow type with adjustable movable blades and an axial flow type with adjustable static blades. Can be selected according to actual needs, and is not further limited herein.
In an exemplary embodiment, there is also provided a solid waste treatment method, including:
s10, feeding the biomass raw material into the pyrolysis furnace 3 from the inlet screw feeder, and controlling the pulverized coal boiler 5 to feed the generated hot flue gas into the pyrolysis furnace 3 from the hot flue gas pipeline 6 under the action of the booster fan 7;
s20, conveying gas generated after pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace 3 into the pulverized coal boiler 5 through the pyrolysis gas pipeline 8, and conveying generated carbonized biomass to the conveying belt 2 through the outlet screw feeder 1;
s30, the conveying belt 2 conveys the carbonized biomass into a powder making system.
Further, the control the pulverized coal fired boiler 5 sends the generated hot flue gas into the pyrolysis furnace 3 from the hot flue gas pipeline 6 under the action of the booster fan 7, and includes:
controlling the pulverized coal boiler 5 to send the generated hot flue gas into the booster fan 7 through the first pipeline;
and controlling the booster fan 7 to boost the hot flue gas, and sending the boosted hot flue gas into the pyrolysis furnace 3 through the second pipeline.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A solid waste treatment device, comprising:
a pyrolysis device and a heat supply device;
the pyrolysis device comprises a pyrolysis furnace, a pyrolysis gas pipeline, a conveying belt, an inlet screw feeder arranged at an inlet of the pyrolysis furnace and an outlet screw feeder arranged at an outlet of the pyrolysis furnace; the air inlet and the air outlet of the pyrolysis gas pipeline are respectively communicated with the pyrolysis furnace and the heat supply device, and the conveying belt is arranged below the outlet screw feeder;
the heat supply device comprises a pulverized coal boiler, a hot flue gas pipeline and a booster fan arranged on the hot flue gas pipeline; and the air inlet and the air outlet of the hot flue gas pipeline are respectively communicated with the pulverized coal boiler and the pyrolysis furnace.
2. The solid waste treatment plant of claim 1, wherein the hot flue gas duct comprises a first duct and a second duct;
the first pipeline is used for conveying hot flue gas generated by the pulverized coal boiler to the booster fan; the second pipeline is used for conveying the hot flue gas pressurized by the booster fan to the pyrolysis furnace.
3. The solid waste treatment device of claim 1, wherein the air inlet of the first pipeline is arranged at the tail of the pulverized coal fired boiler.
4. A solid waste treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the biomass raw material is fed into the pyrolysis furnace from the inlet screw feeder, and hot flue gas generated by the pulverized coal boiler is fed into the pyrolysis furnace from the hot flue gas pipeline under the action of the booster fan;
gas generated after pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace is sent into the pulverized coal boiler through the pyrolysis gas pipeline, and generated carbonized biomass is sent to the conveying belt through the outlet screw feeder;
and the carbonized biomass is sent into a coal pulverizing system of the pulverized coal boiler by the conveying belt.
5. The solid waste treatment method according to claim 4, wherein the pulverized coal fired boiler sends the generated hot flue gas from the hot flue gas pipeline to the pyrolysis furnace after the action of the booster fan, and the method comprises the following steps:
controlling the pulverized coal fired boiler to send the generated hot flue gas into the booster fan through the first pipeline;
and controlling the booster fan to boost the hot flue gas, and sending the boosted hot flue gas into the pyrolysis furnace through the second pipeline.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011327918.9A CN112393227A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Solid waste treatment device and treatment method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011327918.9A CN112393227A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Solid waste treatment device and treatment method |
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| CN112393227A true CN112393227A (en) | 2021-02-23 |
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| CN109990267A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-09 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of low NO mixing fired biomass suitable for low-volatility fuelxCombustion system |
| CN110440262A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-12 | 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 | A kind of refuse pyrolysis and burning harmlessness disposing system and method based on pulverized-coal fired boiler |
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2020
- 2020-11-24 CN CN202011327918.9A patent/CN112393227A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101761920A (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-06-30 | 上海理工大学 | Method and device for burning low NOx by utilizing reburning of pulverized coal pyrolysis gas |
| CN104180385A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-12-03 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Carbocoal heat carrier system and method for preventing pulverized coal furnace from contamination |
| CN207702472U (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-08-07 | 广东天源环境科技有限公司 | A kind of furnace for heat dissociating solid wastes and fluidized-bed combustion boiler coupled system |
| CN109578990A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-04-05 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of low NO of pyrolysis oven-pulverized-coal fired boiler couplingxCo-combustion system and method |
| CN109990267A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-09 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of low NO mixing fired biomass suitable for low-volatility fuelxCombustion system |
| CN110440262A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-12 | 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 | A kind of refuse pyrolysis and burning harmlessness disposing system and method based on pulverized-coal fired boiler |
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