CN112391582A - Ultra-deep quench hardening layer forged steel cold rolling working roll and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Ultra-deep quench hardening layer forged steel cold rolling working roll and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
- C21D1/10—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation by electric induction
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-deep quench hardening layer forged steel cold rolling working roll and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the manufacturing method comprises the steps of smelting an electroslag ingot blank, forging a roll blank, performing preliminary heat treatment, performing final heat treatment and performing finish machining; the chemical components and the weight percentage are as follows: 0.83-0.90% of carbon, 0.70-1.10% of silicon, 0.30-0.50% of manganese, 5.81-6.30% of chromium, 0.50-0.70% of molybdenum, 0.10-0.20% of vanadium, 0.40-0.60% of nickel, 0.01-0.05% of rare earth, less than or equal to 0.020% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.015% of sulfur, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities; wherein the chromium/carbon ratio is 7. According to the invention, on one hand, the alloy components and content are optimized, on the other hand, the heat treatment process is optimized, and particularly, the ultra-low temperature deep cooling treatment is adopted, so that the forged steel cold rolling working roll with the roll body surface hardness of 94-98 HSD, the hardness uniformity of less than or equal to 2HSD and the hardening layer depth of more than or equal to 40mm can be finally prepared.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forged steel cold-rolled working rolls, and particularly relates to an ultra-deep quench hardening layer forged steel cold-rolled working roll and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of industries such as automobiles, household electrical appliances, food and the like, the quality requirement of high-quality cold-rolled sheets is continuously improved. Therefore, the work rolls for cold rolling of forged steel are also required to have a higher depth of hardened layer and hardness retention.
The depth of a hardening layer of a conventional Cr3 and Cr5 forged steel cold rolling working roll is usually only 25-35 mm, the hardness retention is poor, the hardness is reduced quickly, especially, the compression strength of the surface of the roll is gradually insufficient along with the gradual increase of the use depth, so that a plurality of roll marks can be caused, and if the roll marks on the working roll are transmitted to a cold-rolled sheet, the surface quality of the cold-rolled sheet can be greatly influenced. Therefore, the development of the ultra-deep hardening layer (the depth of the hardening layer is more than or equal to 40 mm) forged steel cold rolling working roll for improving the surface quality of the cold-rolled sheet is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides an ultra-deep quenched layer forged steel cold rolling working roll with the surface hardness of 95-98 HSD, the hardness uniformity of less than or equal to 2HSD and the quenched layer depth of more than or equal to 40mm and a manufacturing method thereof.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a method for manufacturing a cold rolling working roll of ultra-deep quenched layer forged steel comprises smelting an electroslag ingot blank according to chemical components and weight percentages, forging a roll blank, performing preliminary heat treatment, performing final heat treatment and performing finish machining.
The chemical components and the weight percentage are as follows: 0.83-0.90% of carbon, 0.70-1.10% of silicon, 0.30-0.50% of manganese, 5.81-6.30% of chromium, 0.50-0.70% of molybdenum, 0.10-0.20% of vanadium, 0.40-0.60% of nickel, 0.01-0.05% of rare earth, less than or equal to 0.020% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.015% of sulfur, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities; wherein the chromium/carbon ratio is 7.
The rare earth is preferably one or more (including two) of lanthanum, gadolinium, cerium, neodymium and yttrium.
The specific method for smelting the electroslag ingot blank comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of smelting steel by using an ultra-pure electric furnace, feeding rare earth into a steel ladle in a rare earth wire form after refining and vacuum degassing, then casting into a circular die-cast steel ingot, annealing the die-cast steel ingot at 650 ℃, removing oxidation and inclusion on the surface of the steel ingot by adopting surface turning, carrying out electroslag in an electroslag process by adopting an atmosphere protection electroslag furnace, carrying out electroslag by matching with a high-impedance quinary slag system, and melting one electrode to form an electroslag ingot blank.
The key points of the smelting electroslag ingot blank are as follows: the electroslag melting speed is controlled to be 400-500 kg/h, so that the component segregation can be effectively reduced, and the aim of controlling liquated carbide is fulfilled.
The specific method for forging the roller blank comprises the following steps:
a. firstly, high-temperature homogenization treatment is carried out at 1200-1250 ℃.
b. The three-heading and three-drawing forging process is adopted, and the drawing adopts an upper flat and a lower V-shaped anvil (120 degrees), so that the original eutectic carbide in the steel is broken to the maximum extent.
c. Heat treatment after forging; cooling to 500-550 ℃ by adopting an air cooling mode, charging into a furnace, normalizing and heating; normalizing, heating to 1000-1050 ℃, discharging, spraying, cooling to 500-550 ℃, and air cooling to 350-450 ℃; and then charging for spheroidizing annealing, heating to 830-850 ℃, cooling to 700-750 ℃ at a speed of 30 ℃/h, preserving heat, slowly cooling to 200-300 ℃, discharging, and roughly processing to obtain the roller blank.
The quenching and tempering temperature of the preliminary heat treatment is 950-1000 ℃, and the time is 1-5 h.
The final heat treatment comprises integral preheating, surface quenching, ultralow temperature subzero treatment and tempering treatment.
The integral preheating temperature is 350-400 ℃, and the time is 12-24 hours.
The surface quenching mode is double-frequency three-induction-coil surface quenching, namely, two power frequency induction coils are adopted for heating at 930-970 ℃, and then a medium frequency induction coil is adopted for heating at 960-990 ℃.
The power frequency power of the double-frequency three-induction-coil surface quenching is 50Hz, the medium frequency is 250-350 Hz, the heating width of the induction coil is 140-180 mm, and the walking speed of the induction coil is 0.3-0.5 mm/s.
The ultra-low temperature deep cooling treatment temperature is-190 to-170 ℃, and the time is 1 to 3 hours.
The tempering temperature is 80-150 ℃, and the time is 60-120 h.
The finish machining comprises semi-finish grinding and finish grinding, wherein the feed amount of the semi-finish grinding is controlled to be 0.004-0.025 mm, and the feed amount of the finish grinding is controlled to be 0.002-0.004 mm.
The invention has the following positive effects: according to the invention, on one hand, the alloy components and content are optimized (the chromium/carbon ratio is controlled to be 7, and a small amount of rare earth elements are added), on the other hand, the heat treatment process is optimized, especially ultra-low temperature deep cooling treatment is adopted in the final heat treatment, and finally the forged steel cold rolling working roll with the roll body surface hardness of 95-98 HSD, the hardness uniformity of less than or equal to 2HSD and the hardening layer depth of more than or equal to 40mm can be prepared, the roll surface roughness of the forged steel cold rolling working roll can reach Ra 0.6 mu m, and the coaxiality can reach 0.02 mm.
Detailed Description
(example 1)
The manufacturing method of the ultra-deep quench hardened forged steel cold-rolled work roll of the embodiment is as follows:
smelting an electroslag ingot blank according to the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.86% of carbon, 0.90% of silicon, 0.40% of manganese, 6.02% of chromium, 0.60% of molybdenum, 0.15% of vanadium, 0.50% of nickel, 0.01% of lanthanum, 0.01% of gadolinium, 0.01% of cerium, 0.015% of phosphorus, 0.008% of sulfur, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
The specific method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of smelting steel by using an ultra-pure electric furnace, feeding lanthanum, gadolinium and cerium into a steel ladle in a rare earth wire form after refining and vacuum degassing, then casting into a circular die-cast steel ingot, annealing the die-cast steel ingot at 650 ℃, removing oxidation and impurities on the surface of the steel ingot by adopting surface turning, carrying out electroslag in an atmosphere protection electroslag furnace in an electroslag process, carrying out electroslag by matching with a high-impedance quinary slag system, and melting one electrode to form an electroslag ingot blank.
The electroslag melting speed is controlled at 450kg/h, so that the component segregation can be effectively reduced, and the aim of controlling liquated carbide is fulfilled.
Secondly, forging the roller blank, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
a. the homogenization treatment was carried out at 1220 ℃ first.
b. The three-heading and three-drawing forging process is adopted, and the drawing adopts an upper flat and a lower V-shaped anvil (120 degrees), so that the original eutectic carbide in the steel is broken to the maximum extent.
c. Heat treatment after forging; cooling to 520 ℃ by adopting an air cooling mode, charging into a furnace, normalizing and heating; normalizing, heating to 1020 ℃, discharging, spraying, cooling to 520 ℃, and air cooling to 400 ℃; and then charging for spheroidizing annealing, wherein after the spheroidizing annealing is heated to 840 ℃, the temperature is reduced to 720 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/h, the temperature is preserved, then the temperature is slowly cooled to 250 ℃, and the roller blank is obtained after the roller blank is taken out of the furnace and rough machining is carried out.
And thirdly, performing preliminary heat treatment.
The roller blank is heated to 420 ℃ for preheating for 8h, then heated to 980 ℃ for quenching and tempering for 4h, and finally tempered at 600 ℃ for 18 h.
Therefore, the roll neck can be ensured to obtain good mechanical property and certain wear resistance, the hardness, the depth and the uniformity of a use layer after surface quenching can be improved, and the later surface quenching deformation is reduced.
Fourthly, final heat treatment.
First, in order to satisfy the temperature power requirement in the double-frequency machine quenching and to obtain a good stress distribution in the roll after the quenching, the entire roll is fully preheated at 380 ℃ for 18 hours before the surface quenching treatment.
Then, double-frequency three-induction-coil surface quenching is adopted, namely, two power frequency induction coils with the power of 50Hz and the heating width of 160mm are adopted for heating, the heating temperature is 950 ℃, then a medium-frequency induction coil with the frequency of 300Hz and the heating width of 160mm is adopted for heating, the heating temperature is 980 ℃, and the walking speed of the induction coil is 0.4 mm/s.
Then, carrying out ultra-low temperature deep cooling treatment for 2h at the temperature of-180 ℃ to eliminate the quenching residual austenite structure.
And finally, carrying out low-temperature tempering at the temperature of 110 ℃ for 100h to stabilize the surface structure after quenching and reduce residual stress.
And fifthly, finishing.
The 60/80# resin grinding wheel is adopted, and in order to prevent grinding thermal deformation and grinding burn, the feed amount of semi-finish grinding is controlled to be 0.015mm, and the feed amount of finish grinding is controlled to be 0.003 mm.
Finally, the forged steel cold rolling working roll with the roll body surface hardness of 96-97HSD, the hardness uniformity of less than or equal to 2HSD, the hardening layer depth of 44mm, the roll surface roughness of Ra 0.6 mu m and the coaxiality of 0.02mm is obtained.
(examples 2 to 5)
The manufacturing method of the ultra-deep quenched forged steel cold-rolled work roll of each example is substantially the same as that of example 1 except for the differences shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Practice ofExample 5 | |
| C | 0.86% | 0.85% | 0.88% | 0.83% | 0.90% |
| Si | 0.90% | 0.80% | 1.00% | 0.70% | 1.10% |
| Mn | 0.40% | 0.35% | 0.45% | 0.30% | 0.50% |
| Cr | 6.02% | 5.95% | 6.16% | 5.81% | 6.30% |
| Ni | 0.50% | 0.45% | 0.55% | 0.40% | 0.60% |
| Mo | 0.60% | 0.55% | 0.65% | 0.50% | 0.70% |
| V | 0.15% | 0.12% | 0.18% | 0.10% | 0.20% |
| Lanthanum | 0.01% | 0.01% | 0.02% | 0.01% | 0.02% |
| Gadolinium (Gd) | 0.01% | 0.01% | / | / | 0.02% |
| Cerium (Ce) | 0.01% | / | 0.02% | / | 0.01% |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.015% | 0.015% | 0.015% | 0.015% | 0.015% |
| Sulfur | 0.008% | 0.008% | 0.008% | 0.008% | 0.008% |
| Quenching and tempering | 980℃/4h | 970℃/4h | 985℃/4h | 960℃/4h | 990℃/4h |
| Surface hardening | 980℃ | 970℃ | 985℃ | 960℃ | 990℃ |
| Ultra-low temperature cryogenic treatment | -180℃/2h | -175℃/2h | -185℃/2h | -170℃/2h | -190℃/2h |
| Surface hardness of roll body | 96-97HSD | 95-96HSD | 97-98HSD | 95-96HSD | 97-98HSD |
| Uniformity of hardness | ≤2HSD | ≤2HSD | ≤2HSD | ≤2HSD | ≤2HSD |
| Depth of hardened layer | 44mm | 43mm | 44mm | 41mm | 46mm |
(comparative examples 1 to 5)
The manufacturing method of each proportion of forged steel cold rolling working rolls is basically the same as that of the working roll in the embodiment 1, except for the parts of chemical components and weight percentages, which are shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2
| Example 1 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | Comparative example 5 | |
| C | 0.86% | 0.86% | 0.86% | 0.86% | 0.83% | 0.90% |
| Cr | 6.02% | 6.02% | 5.81% | 6.30% | 6.02% | 6.02% |
| Rare earth element | 0.03% | / | 0.03% | 0.03% | 0.03% | 0.03% |
| Surface hardness of roll body | 96-97HSD | 95-97HSD | 92-93HSD | 96-98HSD | 95-97HSD | 93-94HSD |
| Uniformity of hardness | ≤2HSD | ＞2HSD | ≤2HSD | ＞2HSD | ＞2HSD | ≤2HSD |
| Depth of hardened layer | 44mm | 42mm | 36mm | 43mm | 40mm | 38mm |
(comparative example 6 to comparative example 8)
The chemical components and weight percentages of each proportional forged steel cold rolling working roll and part of the manufacturing method are the same as those of the working roll in the embodiment 1, and the differences are only the temperature of the deep cooling treatment, and the specific point is shown in the table 3.
TABLE 3
| Example 1 | Comparative example 6 | Comparative example 7 | Comparative example 8 | |
| Temperature of cryogenic treatment | -180℃/2h | -200℃/2h | -150℃/3h | -130℃/3h |
| Surface hardness of roll body | 96-97HSD | 95-98HSD | 94-95HSD | 93-94HSD |
| Uniformity of hardness | ≤2HSD | ＞3HSD | ≤2HSD | ≤2HSD |
| Depth of hardened layer | 44mm | 45mm | 38mm | 37mm |
Claims (6)
1. A manufacturing method of an ultra-deep quench hardening layer forged steel cold rolling working roll comprises the steps of smelting an electroslag ingot blank, forging a roll blank, performing preliminary heat treatment, performing final heat treatment and performing finish machining according to chemical components and weight percentages; the method is characterized in that: the chemical components and the weight percentage are as follows: 0.83-0.90% of carbon, 0.70-1.10% of silicon, 0.30-0.50% of manganese, 5.81-6.30% of chromium, 0.50-0.70% of molybdenum, 0.10-0.20% of vanadium, 0.40-0.60% of nickel, 0.01-0.05% of rare earth, less than or equal to 0.020% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.015% of sulfur, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities; wherein the chromium/carbon ratio is 7.
2. The method for manufacturing an ultra-deep quenched forged steel cold-rolled work roll according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rare earth is one or more than two of lanthanum, gadolinium, cerium, neodymium and yttrium.
3. The method for manufacturing an ultra-deep hardened forged steel cold-rolled work roll according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the quenching and tempering temperature of the preliminary heat treatment is 950-1000 ℃, and the time is 1-5 h.
4. The method for manufacturing an ultra-deep hardened forged steel cold-rolled work roll according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the final heat treatment comprises integral preheating, surface quenching treatment, ultralow temperature subzero treatment and tempering treatment; the ultra-low temperature deep cooling treatment temperature is-190 to-170 ℃, and the time is 1 to 3 hours.
5. The method for manufacturing an ultra-deep quenched forged steel cold-rolled work roll according to claim 4, characterized in that: the surface quenching mode is double-frequency three-induction-coil surface quenching; firstly, heating by adopting two power frequency induction coils at 930-970 ℃, and then heating by adopting a medium-frequency induction coil at 960-990 ℃; the power frequency power of the double-frequency three-induction-coil surface quenching is 50Hz, the medium frequency is 250-350 Hz, the heating width of the induction coil is 140-180 mm, and the walking speed of the induction coil is 0.3-0.5 mm/s.
6. The method for manufacturing an ultra-deep quenched forged steel cold-rolled work roll according to claim 4, characterized in that: the integral preheating temperature is 350-400 ℃, and the time is 12-24 hours; the tempering temperature is 80-150 ℃, and the time is 60-120 h.
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| CN114535943A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-27 | 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 | Preparation method of large pole piece roller |
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